G12 Gen Bio 2212 2nd Quarter Exam

50/50

Algae, Fungi, and Plants - International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi,
and plants (ICZN).
-FALSE

All living things are composed of either one or more cells that are highly
complex yet organized and enclosed within membranes.
- Cellular Complexity

All organisms are very sensitive to different stimuli-may it be environmental or

physiological. This may refer to any form of response or movement to stimuli
in its own volition.
- Irritability

Any change in the allele frequencies in a population due to random sampling

is called?
- Genetic Drift

A primitive characters known as plesiomorphy; a shared primitive character

between two or more taxa is symplesiomorphy: a derived character is
apomorphy a shared derived character between two or more taxa is known as
a synapomorphy.
- TRUE

A result of migrating individuals that breed in a new location is called?

- Gene Flow

A rooted tree is used when each of the node represents the most recent
common ancestor of the taxa branching from it.
- TRUE

As the ancestries of organisms increase their ranges to unusual environments,

they adapt to function in those new surroundings. The comparable traits that
different populations inherited from the common ancestors may be modified
and diverge from each other.
- Vestigial Structures and Organs

A taxonomist uses different characters to determine recency of common

descent.
- FALSE
Because of sexual reproduction, new gene combinations are introduced into a
population; thus, it can be an important source of genetic variation.
- Recombination’s

Carl Linne, a Swedish botanist, created this system of nomenclature in 1735 as

Systema naturae.
- FALSE

Cellular complexity state that all living things are composed of either one or
more cells that are highly complex yet organized and enclosed within
membranes.
- FALSE (Idk why this is different but trust me)

Continuity of life would definitely be impossible without reproduction. We

know that no organism can live forever: however, through this fundamental
quality, life continues and traits are passed on from generation to generation.
- Reproduction

During vertebrate development, all embryos exactly look the same during the
very early stages of development.
- Embyrology

Evolutionary biologist aims to comprehensively understand what causes

evolution (microevolution) and explain the history of all life forms on Earth
specifically, the relatedness of any species to other species (macroevolution)
- TRUE

Geologic time, the extensive interval of time occupied by the geologic history
of Earth.
- TRUE

Growth and Development explains that living things use energy to grow by
metabolizing compounds by cellular respiration or photosynthesis. Organisms
also undergo different life stages, which follow a systematic process from birth
to maturity.
- TRUE

He argued that the concept of "spontaneous generation" might had

happened due to a "primeval soup" of different organic molecules that could
be created in a non-oxygen atmosphere due to the action of sunlight.
- Alexander Oparin
He demonstrated a simple experiment to disprove such popular belief at that
time that maggots originate from rotting meat.
- Francesco Redi

He intricate organic molecules ascended slowly from a pre-existing, non-

organic repetition platform of silicate crystals in solution.
- Graham Cains-Smith ( There are 2 choices, both “Graham Cains-Smith”, so you
just have to get lucky and pick the right one. Sorry.)

He wanted to find out whether a sterile nutrient broth could spontaneously

generate microbial life.
- Louis Pasteur

Homeostasis refers that living things maintain relatively constant internal

conditions which are different from their environment.
- TRUE

In order to construct phylogenies that show evolutionary relationships,

systematists consider the synapomorphies and symplesiomorphies as well as
the homoplasies.
- TRUE

Input from new technologies provides new information in the similarities and
differences among taxa that leads to revision, lumping, or splitting a taxon.
- New data

In the cladistic system, organisms are classified exclusively on the basis of how
recent are the descendants from their common ancestor.
- TRUE
Irritability (response to stimuli) discuss that all organisms are very sensitive to
different stimuli-may it be environmental or physiological. This may refer to
any form of response or movement to stimuli in its own volition.
- TRUE

It is a method that groups organisms based on their shared derived

characters.
- Cladistics system

It occurs during the process of DNA replication. These may be caused by a

number of factors, which include but not limited to radiation, viruses, or
carcinogens (cancer-causing materials).
- Mutation
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck proposed that if an animal could develop a
particular characteristic in its lifetime, then this trait could be passed on to
their offspring and its succeeding generations.
- TRUE

Living things maintain relatively constant internal conditions which are

different from their environment.
- Homeostasis

Living things use energy to grow by metabolizing compounds by cellular

respiration or photosynthesis. Organisms also undergo different life stages,
which follow a systematic process from birth to maturity.
- Growth and Development

One of the major rules in nomenclature, as guided by ICBN and ICZN, are
names should be written in Latin.
- FALSE

Since natural selection occurs on the genetic variation that is presently

available in a population, the "best" alternatives cannot constantly be found.
- Contrivances

Stated are the important principle of the Hardy-Weinberg about equilibrium,

EXCEPT?
- The biological definition of a species is a population that can interbreed and
produce fertile offspring.

Taxa is connected one at a time until all the taxa is included in the tree. When
added, each taxon is joined to the tree to minimize the number of character
state changes (Lipscomb, 1998).
- The Wagner Tree

The application of binomial nomenclature is now governed by various

internationally agreed codes of rules.
- TRUE

The discovery of tiny filamental structures that are similar to bacteria called
nanobes in deep rocks in the early 90s supported such claim.
- Thomas Gold

The DNA that was isolated is then amplified using the polymerase chain
reaction. This technology is actually about the principle that you can
exponentially multiply a single copy of your DNA.
- Amplification of the DNA
The following are living terrestrial vertebrates EXCEPT one
- Crocodiles

The geologic time scale is the “calendar” for events in Earth history. It
subdivides all time into named units of abstract time called—in descending
order of duration—eons, eras, periods, epochs, and ages.
- TRUE

The goal of modern systematists is to construct a monophyletic taxon, which

would reflect true evolutionary relationships by including all descendants of a
single common ancestor.
- TRUE

The most common example of selection in human population is lactose

intolerance or the inability to metabolize lactose from the lack of the required
enzyme lactose in the digestive system.
- TRU

The most direct evidences that evolution had occurred are the fossil records.
- TRUE

The most popular experiment that had attempted to refute this theory about
life's origin would be the classical experiment of Alexander Oparin.
- FALSE

The obsolete idea of this described as the formation of living organism

without arising from a similar organism.
- Spontaneous Generation

The obsolete idea of this described as the formation of living organism

without arising from a similar organism.
- Spontaneous Generation

This hypothesis suggests that the first molecules of life might have met on
clay, whose surfaces not only concentrated these organic compounds
together, but also helped organize them into patterns.
- The Clay Hypothesis

This model suggests that life did not begin on the surface of the earth but
instead in the porosity of its crust.
- Deep Hot Biosphere Hypothesis
This theory hypothesized that possible conditions on the primitive Earth
allows the onset of chemical reactions that leads to the formation of other
complex organic compounds using simple inorganic substances.
- "Primordial Soup" Theory

Which of the following have a very rapid life cycle and can produce millions of
new generation of new bacteria every 24 hours.
- bacteria