FAKULTET FOR TEKNOLOGI OG REALFAG

EKSAMEN
Emnekode: BYG406
Emnenavn: Structural design of prestressed concrete

Dato: 11. may – 2021

Varighet: 4 hours, 9-13

Antall sider inkl. forside 6 pages= Front page + 5 pages english

4 problems

Tillatte hjelpemidler: All relevant text material is allowed

Cooperation with fellow students or external help is not allowed
Excel or Mathcad may be used for verification only

Merknader: All calculations shall be well documented and hand-written

Jeg er klar over at innleveringen i BYG406 skal være et selvstendig arbeid, ikke
gruppearbeid. Jeg bekrefter ved innlevering av besvarelsen at jeg ikke siterer eller på
annen måte bruker andres arbeid uten at dette er oppgitt.

I am aware that the answering in BYG406 shall be an individual work, not group work.
I confirm by delivery that I do not cite or in any other way apply the work of others
without reference.

- The deadline is 11.may at 13:00 in Insperia

- The answering shall be delivered as PDF-document (other documentformats are not
approved).
- If you do not have access to a scanner, it is recommende to download a scanning-
application for smartphone via appstore for your phone.
- Only handwritten documents will be accepted
Problems are given in English.

Contact during exam:

Terje Kanstad, tfl 90521831, 11. May 09:00 – 12:00

Otto Terjesen, tfl 95904454, 11. May 09:00 – 12:00

The exam is checked and approved by the professional environment

1
Problem 1: Prestressed concrete – Equivalent forces (Weight 0,25)

a) Explain the two alternative design principles: “Prestressed reinforcement applied as

external loads” and “prestressed reinforcement working as internal resistance” and describe
briefly when and why it is convenient and common to apply them.
b) Set L2=L1/3 and determine the equivalent forces from the prestressed reinforcement on the
beam in Figure 1 expressed by the prestressing force P, the eccentricities eA, eB, eC, and eD,
and the span width L1. At the left beam-end the tangent of the prestressing tendon is
horizontal.
c) Determine the corresponding moment and shear force diagrams resulting from the
prestressing forces.
d) Determine the eccentricities eA, eB, eC, and eD, so that exact balance with the external loads
is achieved.

a)

Figure 1: Prestressed concrete beams

2
Problem 2: Prestressed concrete - (Weight 0,35)

The cross section of a beam with pretensioned reinforcement is shown in figure 2.

Materials data:
Prestressed steel:
Concrete:
0,1%-limit: fp0,1k = 1620 N/mm2, E-modulus: Ep=195000 N/mm2
Prestressing to p,max = min{0,8fpk ; 0,9fp0,1k}= 1400 N/mm2
Effective prestrain in the prestressed reinforcement after losses
is 6.0%o
B55, Ec(4 days)=29500 N/mm2

a) Set As’=0, b=400mm, d2=100mm and assume ductility corresponding to normal-

reinforced cross section and determine necessary cross section height for the load case
with full selfweight and live load, MEd=1800 kNm. And then determine the necessary
amount of prestressed reinforcement.

b) Assume uncracked cross section in the serviceability limit states and calculate the
concrete stresses at the upper and lower edges of the cross section just after
application of prestress and a moment from the selfweight M=600 kNm. Neglect
relaxation and shrinkage and assume application of both prestress and selfweight at 4
days. Calculate thereafter the corresponding total stress in the prestressing steel. If you
did not manage to solve problem a), choose h=1100mm and Ap=2500mm2.

Figure 2. Prestressed cross section.

3
Problem 3: Precast concrete elements – Design of column corbel (Weight 0,25)

The figure below shows a corbel loaded by vertical and horizontal loads. The calculation
presumptions and necessary numbers are given below the figure. The given geometry fulfils
the requirements in point 10.9.4.7 and 10.9.5.2 in Eurocode 2, and these points shall therefore
not be controlled.

Figure 3. Corbel details

Calculation presumptions: Assume appropriate material strengths

Cast in steel plates t=8mm
Steel shims 10x120x300mm
Concrete cover c=30mm

Numbers: NEd=600kN
HEd=120kN
L=300mm, b=350mm, hc=390mm, ac=130mm

a) Establish a strut and tie model for the corbel based on the guidelines in Eurocode 2.
Determine necessary tensile reinforcement, horizontal stirrups and compressive
reinforcement in the corbel.
b) Show the chosen reinforcement on a sketch
c) Explain briefly why we can assume that solutions obtained by strut and tie models
give results on the safe side.

4
Problem 4: Horizontal bracing of buildings (Weight 0,25)

Figure 4a) and b) show a horizontal plate supported by 3 vertical plates (walls) for a one story
building. The horizontal forces Qx and Qy are applied at the middle of the respective sides as
shown on the figures.

a) Determine the forces acting from the vertical plates on the horizontal plate expressed
by the geometry-parameters and the loads Qx and Qy for the geometries in Figure 4a)
and b).
b) Propose a location of the three vertical plates in Figure 4a) that improves the
horizontal stiffness of the system.
c) Show a location of the three vertical plates in Figure 4b) that gives an unstable system
d) Figure 4c) shows an elevation (oppriss) of one of the vertical plates. Assume HED=200
kN, NED=250 kN, h=4,0m and b=1,2m and calculate the necessary reinforcement
crossing the horizontal joint below the element. Assume that the thickness of the inner
wall-panel is 150mm, and that the strengthened circumference has dimension
300·300mm. Choose appropriate strength parameters for the reinforcement and the
concrete.

a) b)

c)

5
Figure 4. a) and b) Horizontal plate supported by vertical walls. c) Elevation of vertical plate