ADAMSON UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering
Electronics and Communications Department

Project proposal

Design and Implementation of a

9V Power Supply using Zener
Diodes

9 Friday 2:00-5:00 pm

Basic Electronics LAB

Group No. SUBJECT Grade

ATTENDANC CONTRIBUTI
E NAME REMARKS
ON
Abuan, Soren
De Guzman, Mark
Reyes, Darren

D.O.P. D.O.S.

JOAN D. STA.ANA

Instructor
I. Introduction

An electrical appliance known as a power supply provides electricity to an electrical load,

such as a server or laptop computer, among other electronic devices. Converting electric current

from a source to the proper voltage, current, and frequency to power the load is the primary

purpose of a power supply. Either AC to DC or DC to DC is possible. As a result, power supplies

are occasionally thought of as electric power converters. Some power sources are independent of

other equipment and serve as external power supplies, while others are housed inside of a device

and serve as internal power supplies.

According on the type of device, power supply may perform various operations in addition to the

basic ones that are present in all models. Electricity supplies may be required to regulate

electricity for a smoother output voltage, convert power to direct current, or shift voltage up or

down. You can choose the supply you require for your electrical needs with the aid of these

features. If you get a device with too many functions, you may find up paying more money than

you should, but if you do not purchase the features you need, you risk damaging the devices you

must power.

Any electronic system needs power to function, and the power supply provides that power.

Selecting the proper source can make all the difference between a gadget operating at peak

performance and one that might produce erratic results. Direct current (DC) to alternating current

(AC) power supplies and DC to DC converters are both options. A DC to DC converter might be

a better design option if DC is already present in your system rather than the AC that is explained

below. Power supply for direct current are either uncontrolled or regulated. There are various

types of regulated supply, including battery-based, switching, and linear.

II. Discussion of Theory Power Supply

The voltage will be changed and converted to DC power via simple power supplies.

These routine procedures discharge unregulated voltage from the power source; but, if you

require regulated power, the devices must also regulate the voltage in order to smooth out waves.

Continue reading to learn more about the components and their functions of a PSU (power

supply unit), which will help you better understand how the power unit performs as a whole.

There are various components to basic power supplies. These parts assist the device in stepping

up or down voltage, converting power, and reducing ripple voltages, which are lingering changes

in voltage that waste energy and cause overheating.

Transformer: The voltage may be stepped up or lowered by these devices. Usually, the required

DC voltage is considerably lower than the incoming AC voltage from the main power source.

Rectifier: The power supply uses a rectifier, which can be a half-wave, full-wave, or bridge, to

change the incoming electricity from AC to DC.

Filter: There are still noticeable waves in AC electricity that need to be smoothed out when it

converts to DC. Although the waves are not fully eliminated by the filter, they are greatly

diminished. This component produces unregulated electricity as its output.

Regulator: The voltage regulator eliminates any voltage spikes or drops that can harm connected

devices by reducing the ripple voltages the filter leaves behind.

III. Designing

In this experiment, our main material we will use is the 9 volt zener diode. Zener diodes, also

known as "Breakdown diodes," are essentially identical to normal PN junction diodes with the
exception that they are specifically created to have a low and specified Reverse Breakdown

Voltage that allows it to benefit from any applied reverse voltage.

A silicon semiconductor Zener diode is a circuit component that allows current to flow either

forward or backward. When a specific voltage is attained, a special, heavily doped p-n junction

in the Zener diode is intended to conduct in the opposite way. A reverse-bias zener diode has a

specific reverse-breakdown voltage at which it begins to conduct current and continues to

function continuously without suffering any damage.

Our design is composed of a 220V & 50Hz transformer is used to step down mains voltage to

9V. The voltage coming from the transformer is rectified using the four 1N4001 diodes. 2.2 kilo-

ohm, 510 ohm and 5.1 kilo-ohm resistors and a 100F electrolytic capacitor are utilized to supply

the necessary current to the 9 volt zener diode that are responsible for voltage regulation.

This design is based on a circuit we found in: http://www.circuitdiagram.org/dual-9v-zener-

diode-power-supply.html . With a few modifications with the help of our teacher.