The periodic table organizes elements by atomic number and electron configuration. Elements are arranged in rows called periods and columns called groups. Metals are on the left, nonmetals on the right. Elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells, and those in the same group have the same number of valence electrons. The periodic table includes categories such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, noble gases, metalloids, and transition metals that have characteristic properties.
The periodic table organizes elements by atomic number and electron configuration. Elements are arranged in rows called periods and columns called groups. Metals are on the left, nonmetals on the right. Elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells, and those in the same group have the same number of valence electrons. The periodic table includes categories such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, noble gases, metalloids, and transition metals that have characteristic properties.
The periodic table organizes elements by atomic number and electron configuration. Elements are arranged in rows called periods and columns called groups. Metals are on the left, nonmetals on the right. Elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells, and those in the same group have the same number of valence electrons. The periodic table includes categories such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, noble gases, metalloids, and transition metals that have characteristic properties.
Characteristic Of the Modern periodic Table - Atomic number & number of electrons increases as you go from left to right - The rows are called periods(going down) and the columns( across) are called groups - Metals are on the left & non-metals are on the right - All elements in a period have the same number of electron orbits (shells) - All member of a chemical family have the same number of valence electrons( Ex: F, Cl and Br all have 7 valence electrons) Categories that complete the Periodic Table - Alkali Metals- shiny, silvery, soft, and highly reactive with air and water - Alkaline Earth Metals- shiny and silvery but not as soft as they alkaline earth metals. Many burns with bright colorful flames - Noble Gases-colorless, odorless, and tasteless gases and are very stable - Metalloids- are poor energy conductor; have properties between metals & non-metals - Transitional Metals- Hard metals with high melting points - Non-Metals- Neither as reactive or unreactive as halogens or noble gases - Halogens- Reactive gases some are poisonous - Basic/Other Metals- Not as reactive as group 1 &2 but are common and useful - Lanthanoids- Rare Earth metals - Actinoids- Have no stable isotope Categories within the Periodic Table - Main group elements: Group 1,2 & 18; most prevalent elements on earth - Transition Metals: Metals in the center of the periodic table - Inner transition metals: The 2 rows disconnected from the table Lanthanoid & Actinoid Extra Info Periodic Law: when elements are arranged by atomic number, their chemical and physical properties recur periodically