Dam Engineering - CIE 522

Lecture 1 of 9

Lecturer
Eng. Chanda Chisha
MSc. Water Mgt; MSc. PM (Candidate); PgDip. Env.Mgt; BEng; REng
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls
9.8 HSE Best Practices

9.9 Elements Of HSE Management Program

Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context What is Health, Safety & Environment (HSE)?
9.1 HSE Concept
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International Any Project is Implemented by People
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program (Employees), in Society (Environment) & For
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents Society (Environment).
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
Issues of Health, Safety & Environment are
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls
cross-cutting aspects that cannot go with
mentioning in any project being
implemented.

A successful project implementation process is

anchored on a strong HSE Policy & Practice in
Place.
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls
What is Health, Safety & Environment (HSE)?
HSE (Health, Safety and Environment) is a set
of processes and procedures identifying
potential hazards to a certain environment,
developing best practices to reduce or
remove those hazards, and then training
employees for accident prevention, accident
response, etc.
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls
IMPACTS OF BAD HSE PRACTICES ON PROJECTS
- Costs arising from Compensation and
damages
- Legal Issues
- Injuries & Death
- Costs arising from delayed project
implementation
- Costs arising from Loss of life and property
- Degeneration of corporate image
- Increase in Worker Turnover
- Low productivity
As a Project Engineer, you will be working with
people from all works of life, both the
uneducated and educated, exposed to
dangers due to the nature of the environment
they are in or expose themselves to.
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls
Good HSE performance depends on:
1. Well trained employees who maintain a
high level of awareness in their work tasks.
2. They can identify potential risks for injury
and take appropriate actions to minimize
those risks.
3. There should be a deliberate training
program and documentation system put
in place.
4. Regular meetings and communication
strategy should be in place
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept
Locally, we have the Occupational Safety
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International & Health Act, No.:36 of 2010 and Factories
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program Act Cap 441.
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
These Acts are aimed at provision of safe
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA) and health working conditions for
9.6 Hazard Identification employees to be provided by Employers.
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls

Occupational Health and Safety Act No.: 36 of 2010.

An Act to establish the Occupational Health and Safety Institute and
provide for its functions; provide for the establishment of health and
safety committees at workplaces and for the health, safety and welfare
of persons at work; provide for the duties of manufacturers, importers
and suppliers of articles, devices, items and substances for use at work;
provide for the protection of persons, other than persons at work, against
risks to health or safety arising from, or in connection with, the activities
of persons at work; and provide for matters connected with, or incidental
to, the foregoing.
https://www.parliament.gov.zm/node/3409#:~:text=An%20Act%20to%20establish%20the,and%20suppl
iers%20of%20articles%2C%20devices%2C
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept Internationally there are a number of
Regulations on HSE Management
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents On the internal scale, issues of safety are
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA) even more demanding to the extent that
9.6 Hazard Identification certain projects will not be financed or
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls funded if issues of safety are not addressed.

1. Occupational Health & Safety Management Systems (ISO 45001:2018) –

specifies requirements for an occupational health & safety management
system.

2. ISO 14001:2015 – Environmental Management Systems – Requirements with

guidelines for use

3. Labor & Working Conditions ESS2 – Labor & Working Conditions

Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International Internationally there are a number of
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program Regulations on HSE Management
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls

1. WB Publication on Regulatory Frameworks For Dam: A Comparative Study

(2002)
2. Series of ICOLD Bulletins which includes
- #130 Risk Assessment in Dam Safety Management
- #154 Dam Safety Management: Operation Phase of Dam Life Cycle (2011)
- #167 Regulation of Dam Safety
- ICOLD European Club: Dam Legislation (2012)
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International Depending on an Organization or a Project,
an HSE Officer or Manager will be employed
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
within the organization establishment or
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
engaged as a consultant.
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls Recent emphasis on Occupational Health &
Safety has given rise to employment or
Projects Manager/Engineer engagement of HSE Officers, Managers or
Specialists.

As a projects Engineer or Manager, it can be

HSE Officer Site Foreman Administrator said that one is an “HSE Officer” as long as
one is supervising personnel.
The organizational structure should be able
to dictate how the EHS is generated.
Labour
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls
Engineering work exposes one to field work.
This exposes one to a lot of risks and could
result in accidents or even death.
Some causes of accidents include;
1. Snake bites during survey works
2. Negligence is probably the most the
common cause of accidents during field
work.
3. Lack of understanding of a given terrain
or turf being worked in.
4. Lack of safety attire (PPE).
5. Use of wrong equipment.
6. Stress & Dehydration.
7. Poor Housekeeping
8. Slips, trips and falls
9. Driving at Night to and from project sites
10. Driving or operating equipment under
the influence of alcohol or drugs
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls
Accidents are bound to happen any time.
It is therefore very important to anticipate
these accidents and provide means of
eliminating them.
Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA) is an
important tool that works by finding hazards
& eliminating them before they have a
chance to become accidents.
When can JSRA be used?
- For job hazard awareness
- As a guide in new employee training
- For retraining of senior employees
- As a refresher on jobs which run
infrequently
- As an accident investigation tool
- For informing employees on specific job
hazards & protective measures
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept Example of a Risk Register
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept Hazard Identification aims at identifying
energy sources with the potential to harm.
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents The Focus is on those potential events (near
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA) accidents and accidents) that may have
9.6 Hazard Identification major consequences
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls
Iceberg Theory – “Risks and Threats are often
hidden”

Key Questions to Ask.

1. What are the underlying hazards?
2. What is the potential harm?
3. Is the risk acceptable?
4. If not, what controls and barriers are
needed?
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept Barriers are sets and system elements
(human, technical, organizational) that
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
provide a barrier function with the ability to
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
intervene into the energy flow to change
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
the intensity or direction of it
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept Barriers are sets and system elements
(human, technical, organizational) that
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
provide a barrier function with the ability to
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
intervene into the energy flow to change
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
the intensity or direction of it
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International The 2 Minute Question to make sure the Job is
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program done safely every time.
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification

T=Talk

T Have I talked to everyone involved with this job?

Have I asked for help & advice if I need it?

A= Action

A Do I know the proper actions I need to take to do this job

safely?
Have I acted on any hazards that could cause me a problem?

K= Knowledge

K Do I know the procedure for this job?

Do I know the dangers & what to do if there’s a problem?
Am I competent to do this? Do I need training/refresher training?

E= Equipment

E Do I have the proper equipment for this job?

Do I have the proper personal protective equipment (PPE) for the
job?
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept
Hierarchy of controls refers to the arrangement
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
of “measures” that are planned in the control
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
of hazards and are arranged starting with the
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
most effective to the least effective.
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls
Level 1 – Eliminate the Risk/Hazard
Level 2 – Substitute the Risk/Hazard
Level 3 – Isolate the Risk/Hazard
Level 4 – Engineering Controls (rail guards etc)
Level 5 – Administrative Controls (Work culture,
how people work, attitudes, etc
Level 6 – Personal Protective Equipment
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls
9.8 HSE Best Practices
The Five HSE Best Practices To Remember
Health, safety and environment - Considered
a top priority due to their significance in
safeguarding human lives and properties,
especially in high-risk industrial sectors.
Safety Culture - Refers to the set of
organizational practices relating specifically to
the values and beliefs concerning HSE safety
shaped by employees working together in
social relationships and organizational
structures in the workplace. The significant
impact of strong HSE safety culture is improved
safety performance, reduced incidents,
conducted a successful near-miss
investigation and incident reporting in an
organization.
Safety performance measurement
The primary aim of measuring safety
performance in a work environment is an
attempt to mitigate unsafe behaviors and
conditions that can lead to accidents.
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls
9.8 HSE Best Practices
The Five HSE Best Practices To Remember
Safety management by recognizing the
hazard - The risk associated with hazardous
conditions or situations in a work environment
can only be analyzed for accident prevention
if the related hazards can be properly
recognized or identified.
Safety data collection, analysis, and sharing -
will assist the industry to find out the root
causes of an event, explore existing and
potential hazards, and improve existing HSE
safety programs.
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
9.0 Health, Safety & Environment – From Dams Context
9.1 HSE Concept
9.2 HSE Regulations/Guidelines – Local & International
9.3 Organizational Structure & HSE Program
9.4 Causes of Field Accidents
9.5 Job Safety Risk Assessments (JSRA)
9.6 Hazard Identification
9.7 Hierarchy of Controls
9.8 HSE Best Practices
9.9 Elements Of HSE Management Program
The Five HSE Best Practices To Remember
Safety management by recognizing the
hazard - The risk associated with hazardous
conditions or situations in a work environment
can only be analyzed for accident prevention
if the related hazards can be properly
recognized or identified.
Safety data collection, analysis, and sharing -
will assist the industry to find out the root
causes of an event, explore existing and
potential hazards, and improve existing HSE
safety programs.
Health, Safety & Environment – From Dam Engineering
Context
Assignment 1
You are a Project Engineer on the Construction of a Multi Purpose earth Dam on the
Lunchu River. As a Project Engineer, you are the anchor person from the project initiation
to project closure.
Identify All the Risks and hazards that your project team members will be exposed to from
the project inception to project closure and, for each risk, provide a mitigation measure
to ensure the project is successfully completed.

Due Date: 10th March 2023