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Isolated Footing Design(ACI 318-05)

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Footing No. Group ID Foundation Geometry

- - Length Width Thickness

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1 1 1.400 m 1.400 m 0.250 m

2 2 1.550 m 1.550 m 0.250 m
3 3 1.850 m 1.850 m 0.300 m
4 4 1.700 m 1.700 m 0.250 m
21 5 2.050 m 2.050 m 0.300 m
22 6 2.150 m 2.150 m 0.350 m
23 7 2.350 m 2.350 m 0.350 m
24 8 2.100 m 2.100 m 0.300 m
41 9 2.400 m 2.400 m 0.350 m
42 10 2.500 m 2.500 m 0.400 m
44 12 2.300 m 2.300 m 0.350 m
62 14 2.350 m 2.350 m 0.350 m
63 15 2.450 m 2.450 m 0.400 m
64 16 2.250 m 2.250 m 0.350 m
83 17 2.150 m 2.150 m 0.300 m
84 18 1.950 m 1.950 m 0.300 m
103 19 2.150 m 2.150 m 0.300 m
104 20 1.950 m 1.950 m 0.300 m
122 22 2.350 m 2.350 m 0.350 m
123 23 2.500 m 2.500 m 0.400 m
124 24 2.250 m 2.250 m 0.350 m
141 25 2.400 m 2.400 m 0.350 m
142 26 2.500 m 2.500 m 0.400 m
144 28 2.300 m 2.300 m 0.350 m
161 29 2.050 m 2.050 m 0.300 m
162 30 2.150 m 2.150 m 0.350 m
163 31 2.300 m 2.300 m 0.350 m
164 32 2.100 m 2.100 m 0.300 m
181 33 1.400 m 1.400 m 0.250 m
182 34 1.500 m 1.500 m 0.250 m
183 35 1.800 m 1.800 m 0.250 m
184 36 1.650 m 1.650 m 0.250 m
211 38 2.100 m 2.100 m 0.300 m
221 40 2.150 m 2.150 m 0.300 m
241 41 2.250 m 2.250 m 0.300 m
242 42 2.250 m 2.250 m 0.300 m

Footing No. Footing Reinforcement Pedestal Reinforcement

- Bottom Reinforcement(Mz) Bottom Reinforcement(Mx) Top Reinforcement(Mz) Top Reinforcement(Mx) Main Steel Trans Steel
1 #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
2 #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
3 #16 @ 420 mm c/c #16 @ 420 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
4 #16 @ 380 mm c/c #16 @ 380 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
21 #16 @ 310 mm c/c #16 @ 310 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
22 #16 @ 330 mm c/c #16 @ 330 mm c/c #25 @ 450 mm c/c #20 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
23 #16 @ 270 mm c/c #16 @ 270 mm c/c #16 @ 435 mm c/c #25 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
24 #20 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 320 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
41 #16 @ 275 mm c/c #16 @ 275 mm c/c #16 @ 445 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
42 #16 @ 290 mm c/c #16 @ 290 mm c/c #16 @ 385 mm c/c #16 @ 385 mm c/c N/A N/A
44 #16 @ 300 mm c/c #20 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 425 mm c/c #25 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
62 #16 @ 270 mm c/c #16 @ 270 mm c/c #16 @ 435 mm c/c #25 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
63 #16 @ 285 mm c/c #16 @ 325 mm c/c #16 @ 380 mm c/c #20 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
64 #16 @ 345 mm c/c #16 @ 345 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #20 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
83 #20 @ 450 mm c/c #20 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
84 #16 @ 355 mm c/c #16 @ 355 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
103 #16 @ 280 mm c/c #20 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
104 #16 @ 355 mm c/c #16 @ 355 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
122 #16 @ 270 mm c/c #16 @ 270 mm c/c #16 @ 435 mm c/c #25 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
123 #16 @ 290 mm c/c #16 @ 290 mm c/c #16 @ 385 mm c/c #16 @ 385 mm c/c N/A N/A
124 #16 @ 345 mm c/c #16 @ 345 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #20 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
141 #16 @ 275 mm c/c #16 @ 275 mm c/c #16 @ 445 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
142 #16 @ 290 mm c/c #16 @ 290 mm c/c #16 @ 385 mm c/c #16 @ 385 mm c/c N/A N/A
144 #16 @ 300 mm c/c #20 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 425 mm c/c #25 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
161 #16 @ 310 mm c/c #16 @ 310 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
162 #16 @ 330 mm c/c #16 @ 395 mm c/c #25 @ 450 mm c/c #20 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
163 #16 @ 265 mm c/c #20 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 425 mm c/c #25 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
164 #20 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 320 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
181 #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
182 #16 @ 440 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
183 #20 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 325 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
184 #16 @ 370 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
211 #16 @ 385 mm c/c #16 @ 320 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A

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221 #16 @ 395 mm c/c #16 @ 330 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
241 #16 @ 295 mm c/c #16 @ 260 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A
242 #16 @ 295 mm c/c #16 @ 260 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c #16 @ 450 mm c/c N/A N/A

Isolated Footing 1

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A

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Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

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Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 218.180 -8.039 -1.875 -1.757 8.053

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)

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102 218.180 -8.039 -1.875 -1.757 8.053

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 1.394 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.400 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 1.400 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 1.960 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 173.3732 129.3654 119.6314 163.6392 0.000

101 173.3732 129.3654 119.6314 163.6392 0.000

101 173.3732 129.3654 119.6314 163.6392 0.000

101 173.3732 129.3654 119.6314 163.6392 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 173.3732 129.3654 119.6314 163.6392

101 173.3732 129.3654 119.6314 163.6392

101 173.3732 129.3654 119.6314 163.6392

101 173.3732 129.3654 119.6314 163.6392

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 17.860 76.583 90.303 19.974

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -8.039 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 143.572 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 17.860
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -2.226 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 200.998 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 90.303

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -1.875 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 143.572 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 76.583
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 10.063 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 200.998 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 19.974

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.150 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 184.556 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.198 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 750.860 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 590.924 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 500.573 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 375.430 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 159.389 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.350 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 119.542 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 56.397 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 159.389 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.350 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 119.542 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 62.700 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.500 m
a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 22.413 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 24.903 kNm

Required = 0.00194

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 405.598 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.425 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 3

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 603.192 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.167 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00258

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.500 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 20.129 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 22.365 kNm

Required = 0.00219

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 409.119 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.425 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 3

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 603.192 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.143 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00301

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.500 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 6.613 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 7.348 kNm

Required = 0.00071

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 331.610 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.500 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 6.613 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 7.348 kNm

Required = 0.00056

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 371.324 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 2

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

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Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 307.831 1.402 -3.825 -3.608 -1.159

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 307.831 1.402 -3.825 -3.608 -1.159

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 1.892 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.550 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 1.550 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 2.403 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 168.7171 173.5812 158.8720 154.0079 0.000

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101 168.7171 173.5812 158.8720 154.0079 0.000

101 168.7171 173.5812 158.8720 154.0079 0.000

101 168.7171 173.5812 158.8720 154.0079 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 168.7171 173.5812 158.8720 154.0079

101 168.7171 173.5812 158.8720 154.0079

101 168.7171 173.5812 158.8720 154.0079

101 168.7171 173.5812 158.8720 154.0079

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 140.302 51.439 66.813 202.043

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 1.402 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 196.758 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 140.302
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -4.565 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 304.970 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 66.813

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -3.825 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 196.758 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 51.439

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -1.509 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 304.970 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 202.043

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.150 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 269.128 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.198 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 750.860 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 590.924 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 500.573 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 375.430 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 176.467 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.425 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 132.350 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 88.003 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 176.467 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.125 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 132.350 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 85.648 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.575 m
a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 33.300 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 37.000 kNm

Required = 0.00262

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 607.618 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.500 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 4

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 804.256 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.167 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00311

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.575 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 34.249 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 38.054 kNm

Required = 0.00341

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 706.553 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.500 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 4

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 804.256 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.143 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00363

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.575 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 9.683 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 10.758 kNm

Required = 0.00094

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 367.140 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.575 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 9.683 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 10.758 kNm

Required = 0.00074

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 411.109 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 3

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 437.417 -5.726 -4.335 -4.086 5.797

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 437.417 -5.726 -4.335 -4.086 5.797

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 3.143 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.850 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 1.850 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 3.422 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 177.5100 163.2673 153.0589 167.3015 0.000

101 177.5100 163.2673 153.0589 167.3015 0.000

101 177.5100 163.2673 153.0589 167.3015 0.000

101 177.5100 163.2673 153.0589 167.3015 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 177.5100 163.2673 153.0589 167.3015

101 177.5100 163.2673 153.0589 167.3015

101 177.5100 163.2673 153.0589 167.3015

101 177.5100 163.2673 153.0589 167.3015

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 49.393 65.250 97.146 69.629

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -5.726 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 282.843 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 49.393
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -5.386 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 523.250 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 97.146

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -4.335 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 282.843 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 65.250
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 7.515 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 523.250 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 69.629

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.300m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.200 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 391.468 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.398 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1092.956 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 970.706 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 728.637 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 546.478 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 281.016 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.525 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 210.762 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 127.779 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 281.016 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.525 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 210.762 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 129.183 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.725 m
a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 64.696 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 71.884 kNm

Required = 0.00239

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 882.296 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 421.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 10668.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.650 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1005.321 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.217 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00250

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 421.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.725 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 63.971 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 71.079 kNm

Required = 0.00281

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 953.260 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 421.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 10668.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.650 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1005.321 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.193 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00282

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 421.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.725 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 18.946 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 21.052 kNm

Required = 0.00081

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 602.196 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.725 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 18.946 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 21.052 kNm

Required = 0.00069

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 654.675 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 4

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 339.783 9.443 -2.910 -2.644 -9.004

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 339.783 9.443 -2.910 -2.644 -9.004

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 2.069 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.700 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 1.700 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 2.890 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 143.8327 171.5924 163.3584 135.5987 0.000

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101 143.8327 171.5924 163.3584 135.5987 0.000

101 143.8327 171.5924 163.3584 135.5987 0.000

101 143.8327 171.5924 163.3584 135.5987 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 143.8327 171.5924 163.3584 135.5987

101 143.8327 171.5924 163.3584 135.5987

101 143.8327 171.5924 163.3584 135.5987

101 143.8327 171.5924 163.3584 135.5987

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 23.504 76.273 111.923 33.198

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 9.443 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 221.946 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 23.504
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -3.371 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 377.301 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 111.923

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -2.910 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 221.946 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 76.273

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -11.365 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 377.301 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 33.198

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.150 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 304.270 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.198 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 750.860 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 590.924 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 500.573 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 375.430 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 193.544 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.500 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 145.158 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 102.488 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 193.544 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.200 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 145.158 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 108.348 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.650 m
a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 45.941 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 51.045 kNm

Required = 0.00332

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 845.489 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 383.500 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 9652.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.575 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1005.321 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.167 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00354

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 383.500 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.650 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 43.324 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 48.137 kNm

Required = 0.00396

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 899.838 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 383.500 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 9652.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.575 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1005.321 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.143 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00414

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 383.500 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.650 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 13.571 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 15.079 kNm

Required = 0.00120

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 402.670 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.650 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 13.571 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 15.079 kNm

Required = 0.00095

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 450.894 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 21

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 505.711 -18.458 -4.052 -3.881 18.249

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 505.711 -18.458 -4.052 -3.881 18.249

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 3.691 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.050 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.050 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 4.202 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 178.2063 145.0743 137.9749 171.1069 0.000

101 178.2063 145.0743 137.9749 171.1069 0.000

101 178.2063 145.0743 137.9749 171.1069 0.000

101 178.2063 145.0743 137.9749 171.1069 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 178.2063 145.0743 137.9749 171.1069

101 178.2063 145.0743 137.9749 171.1069

101 178.2063 145.0743 137.9749 171.1069

101 178.2063 145.0743 137.9749 171.1069

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 17.997 81.988 133.609 28.629

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -18.458 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 332.188 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 17.997
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -5.097 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 680.973 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 133.609

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -4.052 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 332.188 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 81.988
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 23.786 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 680.973 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 28.629

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.300m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.200 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 462.448 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.398 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1092.956 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 970.706 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 728.637 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 546.478 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 311.396 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.625 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 233.547 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 157.442 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 311.396 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.625 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 233.547 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 169.038 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.825 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 92.403 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 102.670 kNm

Required = 0.00311

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1271.201 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 314.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7874.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.750 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1407.449 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.217 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00316

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 314.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.825 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 85.761 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 95.290 kNm

Required = 0.00342

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1287.579 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 314.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7874.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.750 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1407.449 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.193 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00356

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 314.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.825 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 27.186 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 30.206 kNm

Required = 0.00105

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 667.298 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.825 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 27.186 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 30.206 kNm

Required = 0.00089

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 725.451 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 22

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 612.086 6.568 -4.278 -4.051 -6.170

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 612.086 6.568 -4.278 -4.051 -6.170

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 4.403 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.150 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.150 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 4.623 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 169.6965 179.9218 173.2228 162.9975 0.000

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101 169.6965 179.9218 173.2228 162.9975 0.000

101 169.6965 179.9218 173.2228 162.9975 0.000

101 169.6965 179.9218 173.2228 162.9975 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 169.6965 179.9218 173.2228 162.9975

101 169.6965 179.9218 173.2228 162.9975

101 169.6965 179.9218 173.2228 162.9975

101 169.6965 179.9218 173.2228 162.9975

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 60.334 92.625 153.569 100.609

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 6.568 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 396.286 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 60.334
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -5.548 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 852.000 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 153.569

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -4.278 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 396.286 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 92.625

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -8.468 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 852.000 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 100.609

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.350m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.250 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 556.210 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.598 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1480.714 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 1441.811 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 987.142 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 740.357 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 408.397 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.625 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 306.298 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 181.240 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 408.397 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.525 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 306.298 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 182.921 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 112.050 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 124.501 kNm

Required = 0.00227

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1220.286 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 330.667 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 8382.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.800 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1407.449 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.267 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00245

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 330.667 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 110.990 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 123.322 kNm

Required = 0.00258

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1296.336 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 330.667 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 8382.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.800 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1407.449 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.243 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00269

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 330.667 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 33.044 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 36.715 kNm

Required = 0.00081

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 856.134 mm2

Selected bar Size = #20

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#20 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 33.044 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 36.715 kNm

Required = 0.00066

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 951.429 mm2

Selected bar Size = #25

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#25 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 23

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 709.463 -8.394 -3.720 -3.486 8.430

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 709.463 -8.394 -3.720 -3.486 8.430

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 5.093 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 5.523 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 178.3083 167.9245 163.5687 173.9525 0.000

101 178.3083 167.9245 163.5687 173.9525 0.000

101 178.3083 167.9245 163.5687 173.9525 0.000

101 178.3083 167.9245 163.5687 173.9525 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 178.3083 167.9245 163.5687 173.9525

101 178.3083 167.9245 163.5687 173.9525

101 178.3083 167.9245 163.5687 173.9525

101 178.3083 167.9245 163.5687 173.9525

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 55.163 124.463 227.245 95.723

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -8.394 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 463.042 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 55.163
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -4.788 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1088.128 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 227.245

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -3.720 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 463.042 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 124.463
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 11.368 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1088.128 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 95.723

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.350m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.250 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 655.253 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.598 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1480.714 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 1441.811 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 987.142 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 740.357 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 446.387 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.725 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 334.790 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 221.607 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 446.387 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.725 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 334.790 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 225.191 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.975 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 147.739 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 164.155 kNm

Required = 0.00276

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1618.449 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 273.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 6858.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.900 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.267 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00288

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 273.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.975 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 145.282 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 161.425 kNm

Required = 0.00311

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1707.848 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 273.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 6858.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.900 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.243 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00317

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 273.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.975 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 44.845 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 49.828 kNm

Required = 0.00094

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 973.272 mm2

Selected bar Size = #25

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#25 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.975 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 44.845 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 49.828 kNm

Required = 0.00082

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1039.934 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 436.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 436 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 24

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 554.700 13.819 -2.644 -2.384 -13.244

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 554.700 13.819 -2.644 -2.384 -13.244

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 4.008 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.100 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.100 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 4.410 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 154.3861 176.9198 172.8026 150.2689 0.000

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101 154.3861 176.9198 172.8026 150.2689 0.000

101 154.3861 176.9198 172.8026 150.2689 0.000

101 154.3861 176.9198 172.8026 150.2689 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 154.3861 176.9198 172.8026 150.2689

101 154.3861 176.9198 172.8026 150.2689

101 154.3861 176.9198 172.8026 150.2689

101 154.3861 176.9198 172.8026 150.2689

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 26.104 136.432 238.409 43.560

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 13.819 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 360.726 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 26.104
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -3.177 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 757.510 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 238.409

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -2.644 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 360.726 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 136.432

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -17.390 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 757.510 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 43.560

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.300m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.200 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 509.479 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.398 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1092.956 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 970.706 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 728.637 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 546.478 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 318.991 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.650 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 239.244 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 173.740 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 318.991 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.450 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 239.244 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 182.421 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.850 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 101.667 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 112.963 kNm

Required = 0.00335

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1402.744 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 322.333 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 8128.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.775 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1407.449 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.217 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00309

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 322.333 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.850 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 96.560 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 107.289 kNm

Required = 0.00378

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1456.053 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #20

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#20 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.775 m
=
Try bar size # 20 Area of one bar = 314.161 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1570.803 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.193 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00388

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.850 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 29.562 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 32.847 kNm

Required = 0.00112

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 683.574 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.850 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 29.562 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 32.847 kNm

Required = 0.00095

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 743.145 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 41

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 702.525 -22.963 -1.334 -1.230 22.685

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 702.525 -22.963 -1.334 -1.230 22.685

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 5.106 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.400 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.400 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 5.760 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 177.9414 151.6573 150.2116 176.4958 0.000

101 177.9414 151.6573 150.2116 176.4958 0.000

101 177.9414 151.6573 150.2116 176.4958 0.000

101 177.9414 151.6573 150.2116 176.4958 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 177.9414 151.6573 150.2116 176.4958

101 177.9414 151.6573 150.2116 176.4958

101 177.9414 151.6573 150.2116 176.4958

101 177.9414 151.6573 150.2116 176.4958

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 20.221 348.005 656.755 36.274

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -22.963 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 464.340 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 20.221
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -1.697 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1114.396 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 656.755

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -1.334 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 464.340 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 348.005
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 30.722 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1114.396 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 36.274

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.350m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.250 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 651.058 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.598 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1480.714 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 1441.811 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 987.142 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 740.357 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 455.885 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.750 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 341.914 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 220.568 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 455.885 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.750 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 341.914 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 236.162 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.000 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 157.909 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 175.455 kNm

Required = 0.00289

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1732.668 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 279.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 6985.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.925 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.267 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00282

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 279.250 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.000 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 146.995 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 163.328 kNm

Required = 0.00308

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1727.348 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 279.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 6985.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.925 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.243 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00310

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 279.250 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.000 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 48.178 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 53.531 kNm

Required = 0.00098

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 993.980 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.000 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 48.178 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 53.531 kNm

Required = 0.00086

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1062.061 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 446.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 446 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 42

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

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Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 812.291 8.978 -0.615 -0.476 -8.481

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 812.291 8.978 -0.615 -0.476 -8.481

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 5.863 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.500 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.500 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.400 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 6.250 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 168.1451 176.8974 176.3838 167.6315 0.000

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101 168.1451 176.8974 176.3838 167.6315 0.000

101 168.1451 176.8974 176.3838 167.6315 0.000

101 168.1451 176.8974 176.3838 167.6315 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 168.1451 176.8974 176.3838 167.6315

101 168.1451 176.8974 176.3838 167.6315

101 168.1451 176.8974 176.3838 167.6315

101 168.1451 176.8974 176.3838 167.6315

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 59.340 866.720 1845.587 110.321

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 8.978 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 532.747 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 59.340
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -0.722 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1331.843 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 1845.587

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -0.615 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 532.747 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 866.720

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -12.072 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1331.843 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 110.321

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.400m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.300 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 748.681 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.798 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1914.133 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 2004.240 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 1276.089 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 957.066 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 570.008 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.750 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 427.506 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 244.181 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 570.008 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.750 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 427.506 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 249.904 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.050 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 183.711 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 204.123 kNm

Required = 0.00222

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1665.802 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 291.750 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7366.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.975 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.317 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00228

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 291.750 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.050 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 179.382 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 199.313 kNm

Required = 0.00243

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1722.594 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 291.750 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7366.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.975 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.293 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00247

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 291.750 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.050 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 56.955 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 63.284 kNm

Required = 0.00076

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1257.013 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 389.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 389 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.050 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 56.955 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 63.284 kNm

Required = 0.00068

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1327.930 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 389.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 389 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 44

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 673.230 20.378 -0.338 -0.134 -19.605

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 673.230 20.378 -0.338 -0.134 -19.605

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 4.892 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 5.290 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 153.3879 179.7589 179.5102 153.1392 0.000

101 153.3879 179.7589 179.5102 153.1392 0.000

101 153.3879 179.7589 179.5102 153.1392 0.000

101 153.3879 179.7589 179.5102 153.1392 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 153.3879 179.7589 179.5102 153.1392

101 153.3879 179.7589 179.5102 153.1392

101 153.3879 179.7589 179.5102 153.1392

101 153.3879 179.7589 179.5102 153.1392

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 21.604 1303.381 4015.640 37.871

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 20.378 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 440.258 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 21.604
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -0.252 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1012.574 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 4015.640

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -0.338 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 440.258 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 1303.381
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -26.737 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1012.574 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 37.871

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.350m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.250 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 619.527 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.598 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1480.714 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 1441.811 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 987.142 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 740.357 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 436.890 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.700 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 327.667 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 205.153 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 436.890 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.600 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 327.667 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 219.786 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.950 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 142.007 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 157.786 kNm

Required = 0.00271

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1554.693 mm2

Selected bar Size = #20

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#20 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.875 m
=
Try bar size # 20 Area of one bar = 314.161 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1570.803 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.265 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00258

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.950 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 132.176 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 146.862 kNm

Required = 0.00299

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1578.498 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 304.857 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7620.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.875 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 8

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1608.513 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.239 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00293

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 304.857 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.950 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 41.669 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 46.299 kNm

Required = 0.00089

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 952.564 mm2

Selected bar Size = #25

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#25 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.950 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 41.669 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 46.299 kNm

Required = 0.00078

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1017.808 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 426.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 426 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 62

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 733.125 6.788 1.421 1.511 -6.305

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 733.125 6.788 1.421 1.511 -6.305

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 5.276 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 5.523 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 167.0356 175.0619 176.9189 168.8926 0.000

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101 167.0356 175.0619 176.9189 168.8926 0.000

101 167.0356 175.0619 176.9189 168.8926 0.000

101 167.0356 175.0619 176.9189 168.8926 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 167.0356 175.0619 176.9189 168.8926

101 167.0356 175.0619 176.9189 168.8926

101 167.0356 175.0619 176.9189 168.8926

101 167.0356 175.0619 176.9189 168.8926

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 69.962 334.103 555.663 128.559

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 6.788 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 474.872 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 69.962
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 2.008 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1115.929 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 555.663

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 1.421 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 474.872 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 334.103

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -8.680 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1115.929 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 128.559

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.350m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.250 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 677.106 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.598 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1480.714 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 1441.811 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 987.142 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 740.357 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 446.387 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.625 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 334.790 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 227.396 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 446.387 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.625 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 334.790 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 231.031 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.975 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 151.525 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 168.361 kNm

Required = 0.00283

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1661.401 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 273.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 6858.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.900 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.267 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00288

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 273.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.975 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 149.030 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 165.589 kNm

Required = 0.00319

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1753.699 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 273.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 6858.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.900 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.243 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00317

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 273.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.975 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 44.845 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 49.828 kNm

Required = 0.00094

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 973.272 mm2

Selected bar Size = #25

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#25 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.975 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 44.845 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 49.828 kNm

Required = 0.00082

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1039.934 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 436.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 436 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 63

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 793.317 -10.652 0.825 0.949 10.711

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 793.317 -10.652 0.825 0.949 10.711

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 5.757 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.450 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.450 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.400 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 6.002 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 178.2299 166.0128 167.0566 179.2736 0.000

101 178.2299 166.0128 167.0566 179.2736 0.000

101 178.2299 166.0128 167.0566 179.2736 0.000

101 178.2299 166.0128 167.0566 179.2736 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 178.2299 166.0128 167.0566 179.2736

101 178.2299 166.0128 167.0566 179.2736

101 178.2299 166.0128 167.0566 179.2736

101 178.2299 166.0128 167.0566 179.2736

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 48.645 627.821 992.405 84.788

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -10.652 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 518.145 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 48.645
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 1.279 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1269.433 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 992.405

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 0.825 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 518.145 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 627.821
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 14.972 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1269.433 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 84.788

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.400m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.300 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 728.630 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.798 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1914.133 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 2004.240 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 1276.089 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 957.066 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 558.608 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.725 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 418.956 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 235.539 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 558.608 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.725 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 418.956 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 242.528 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.025 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 175.762 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 195.291 kNm

Required = 0.00217

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1592.681 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 326.286 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 8255.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.950 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 8

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1608.513 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.317 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00207

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 326.286 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.025 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 170.579 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 189.533 kNm

Required = 0.00236

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1636.593 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 285.500 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7239.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.950 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.293 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00252

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 285.500 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.025 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 53.190 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 59.100 kNm

Required = 0.00072

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1231.873 mm2

Selected bar Size = #20

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#20 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.025 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 53.190 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 59.100 kNm

Required = 0.00064

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1301.372 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 380.667 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 380 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 64

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 618.045 18.543 0.852 1.027 -17.774

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 618.045 18.543 0.852 1.027 -17.774

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 4.485 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 5.062 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 151.1037 176.3595 177.7564 152.5006 0.000

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101 151.1037 176.3595 177.7564 152.5006 0.000

101 151.1037 176.3595 177.7564 152.5006 0.000

101 151.1037 176.3595 177.7564 152.5006 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 151.1037 176.3595 177.7564 152.5006

101 151.1037 176.3595 177.7564 152.5006

101 151.1037 176.3595 177.7564 152.5006

101 151.1037 176.3595 177.7564 152.5006

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 22.009 479.224 693.188 37.842

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 18.543 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 408.098 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 22.009
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 1.325 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 918.204 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 693.188

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 0.852 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 408.098 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 479.224

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -24.264 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 918.204 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 37.842

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.350m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.250 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 566.529 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.598 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1480.714 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 1441.811 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 987.142 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 740.357 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 427.392 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.575 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 320.544 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 186.266 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 427.392 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.575 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 320.544 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 199.116 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 126.451 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 140.501 kNm

Required = 0.00246

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1380.181 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 347.333 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 8763.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.850 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1407.449 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.267 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00234

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 347.333 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 118.000 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 131.111 kNm

Required = 0.00262

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1378.929 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 347.333 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 8763.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.850 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1407.449 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.243 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00257

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 347.333 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 38.646 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 42.940 kNm

Required = 0.00084

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 931.856 mm2

Selected bar Size = #20

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#20 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 38.646 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 42.940 kNm

Required = 0.00074

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 995.682 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 83

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 557.372 -15.926 3.155 3.222 15.897

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 557.372 -15.926 3.155 3.222 15.897

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 4.023 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.150 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.150 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 4.622 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 173.3010 147.5425 152.7396 178.4980 0.000

101 173.3010 147.5425 152.7396 178.4980 0.000

101 173.3010 147.5425 152.7396 178.4980 0.000

101 173.3010 147.5425 152.7396 178.4980 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 173.3010 147.5425 152.7396 178.4980

101 173.3010 147.5425 152.7396 178.4980

101 173.3010 147.5425 152.7396 178.4980

101 173.3010 147.5425 152.7396 178.4980

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 22.994 116.076 188.874 38.081

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -15.926 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 366.202 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 22.994
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 4.168 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 787.320 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 188.874

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 3.155 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 366.202 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 116.076
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 20.675 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 787.320 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 38.081

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.300m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.200 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 514.022 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.398 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1092.956 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 970.706 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 728.637 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 546.478 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 326.586 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.475 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 244.940 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 177.599 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 326.586 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.675 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 244.940 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 187.524 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 106.723 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 118.581 kNm

Required = 0.00344

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1474.111 mm2

Selected bar Size = #20

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#20 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.800 m
=
Try bar size # 20 Area of one bar = 314.161 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1570.803 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.215 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00340

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 100.750 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 111.945 kNm

Required = 0.00403

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1558.035 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #20

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#20 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.800 m
=
Try bar size # 20 Area of one bar = 314.161 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1570.803 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.189 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00387

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 32.073 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 35.636 kNm

Required = 0.00119

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 699.850 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 32.073 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 35.636 kNm

Required = 0.00100

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 760.839 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 84

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 450.853 14.363 2.162 2.305 -13.657

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 450.853 14.363 2.162 2.305 -13.657

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 3.258 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.950 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 1.950 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 3.803 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 143.6889 173.8647 178.8423 148.6666 0.000

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101 143.6889 173.8647 178.8423 148.6666 0.000

101 143.6889 173.8647 178.8423 148.6666 0.000

101 143.6889 173.8647 178.8423 148.6666 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 143.6889 173.8647 178.8423 148.6666

101 143.6889 173.8647 178.8423 148.6666

101 143.6889 173.8647 178.8423 148.6666

101 143.6889 173.8647 178.8423 148.6666

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 20.675 137.386 196.084 32.232

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 14.363 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 296.965 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 20.675
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 2.953 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 579.071 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 196.084

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 2.162 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 296.965 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 137.386

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -17.966 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 579.071 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 32.232

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.300m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.200 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 408.226 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.398 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1092.956 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 970.706 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 728.637 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 546.478 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 296.206 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.375 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 222.155 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 134.926 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 296.206 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.375 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 222.155 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 144.535 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.775 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 75.697 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 84.108 kNm

Required = 0.00266

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1035.733 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 356.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 9017.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.700 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 6

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1206.385 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.217 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00285

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 356.800 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.775 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 70.463 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 78.292 kNm

Required = 0.00294

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1051.662 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 356.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 9017.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.700 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 6

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1206.385 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.193 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00321

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 356.800 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.775 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 22.820 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 25.356 kNm

Required = 0.00093

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 634.747 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.775 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 22.820 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 25.356 kNm

Required = 0.00078

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 690.063 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 103

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 569.275 -15.944 -3.321 -3.096 15.934

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 569.275 -15.944 -3.321 -3.096 15.934

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 4.135 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.150 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.150 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 4.623 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 175.9967 150.9813 146.0398 171.0552 0.000

101 175.9967 150.9813 146.0398 171.0552 0.000

101 175.9967 150.9813 146.0398 171.0552 0.000

101 175.9967 150.9813 146.0398 171.0552 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 175.9967 150.9813 146.0398 171.0552

101 175.9967 150.9813 146.0398 171.0552

101 175.9967 150.9813 146.0398 171.0552

101 175.9967 150.9813 146.0398 171.0552

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 23.342 112.072 195.508 38.621

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -15.944 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 372.153 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 23.342
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -4.093 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 800.115 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 195.508

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -3.321 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 372.153 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 112.072
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 20.717 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 800.115 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 38.621

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.300m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.200 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 524.999 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.398 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1092.956 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 970.706 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 728.637 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 546.478 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 326.586 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.675 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 244.940 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 181.293 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 326.586 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.675 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 244.940 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 191.289 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 108.858 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 120.953 kNm

Required = 0.00351

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1504.920 mm2

Selected bar Size = #20

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#20 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.800 m
=
Try bar size # 20 Area of one bar = 314.161 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1570.803 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.215 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00340

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 102.840 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 114.267 kNm

Required = 0.00412

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1592.089 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 283.429 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7112.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.800 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 8

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1608.513 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.189 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00396

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 283.429 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 32.073 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 35.636 kNm

Required = 0.00119

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 699.850 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 32.073 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 35.636 kNm

Required = 0.00100

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 760.839 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 104

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 462.418 14.346 -2.100 -1.853 -13.621

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 462.418 14.346 -2.100 -1.853 -13.621

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 3.364 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.950 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 1.950 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 3.803 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 146.7408 175.7499 171.7313 142.7222 0.000

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101 146.7408 175.7499 171.7313 142.7222 0.000

101 146.7408 175.7499 171.7313 142.7222 0.000

101 146.7408 175.7499 171.7313 142.7222 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 146.7408 175.7499 171.7313 142.7222

101 146.7408 175.7499 171.7313 142.7222

101 146.7408 175.7499 171.7313 142.7222

101 146.7408 175.7499 171.7313 142.7222

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 21.103 144.185 237.753 32.935

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 14.346 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 302.748 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 21.103
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -2.483 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 590.347 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 237.753

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -2.100 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 302.748 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 144.185

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -17.925 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 590.347 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 32.935

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.300m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.200 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 418.697 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.398 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1092.956 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 970.706 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 728.637 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 546.478 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 296.206 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.575 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 222.155 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 138.038 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 296.206 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.375 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 222.155 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 147.921 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.775 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 77.464 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 86.071 kNm

Required = 0.00273

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1060.733 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 356.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 9017.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.700 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 6

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1206.385 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.217 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00285

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 356.800 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.775 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 72.079 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 80.087 kNm

Required = 0.00301

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1076.699 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 356.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 9017.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.700 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 6

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1206.385 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.193 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00321

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 356.800 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.775 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 22.820 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 25.356 kNm

Required = 0.00093

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 634.747 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.775 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 22.820 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 25.356 kNm

Required = 0.00078

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 690.063 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 122

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 737.806 6.663 -2.080 -1.906 -6.085

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 737.806 6.663 -2.080 -1.906 -6.085

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 5.302 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 5.523 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 170.1514 177.9341 175.4985 167.7158 0.000

101 170.1514 177.9341 175.4985 167.7158 0.000

101 170.1514 177.9341 175.4985 167.7158 0.000

101 170.1514 177.9341 175.4985 167.7158 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 170.1514 177.9341 175.4985 167.7158

101 170.1514 177.9341 175.4985 167.7158

101 170.1514 177.9341 175.4985 167.7158

101 170.1514 177.9341 175.4985 167.7158

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 71.617 229.384 425.741 133.237

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 6.663 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 477.213 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 71.617
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -2.634 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1121.430 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 425.741

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -2.080 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 477.213 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 229.384
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -8.417 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1121.430 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 133.237

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.350m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.250 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 681.429 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.598 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1480.714 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 1441.811 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 987.142 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 740.357 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 446.387 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.725 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 334.790 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 229.182 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 446.387 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.625 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 334.790 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 232.332 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.975 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 152.373 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 169.304 kNm

Required = 0.00285

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1671.037 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 273.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 6858.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.900 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.267 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00288

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 273.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.975 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 150.210 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 166.900 kNm

Required = 0.00322

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1768.149 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 273.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 6858.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.900 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.243 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00317

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 273.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.975 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 44.845 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 49.828 kNm

Required = 0.00094

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 973.272 mm2

Selected bar Size = #25

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#25 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.975 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 44.845 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 49.828 kNm

Required = 0.00082

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1039.934 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 436.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 436 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 123

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 796.479 -10.775 -1.469 -1.289 10.930

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 796.479 -10.775 -1.469 -1.289 10.930

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 5.775 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.500 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.500 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.400 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 6.250 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 175.8646 164.7473 163.3957 174.5130 0.000

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101 175.8646 164.7473 163.3957 174.5130 0.000

101 175.8646 164.7473 163.3957 174.5130 0.000

101 175.8646 164.7473 163.3957 174.5130 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 175.8646 164.7473 163.3957 174.5130

101 175.8646 164.7473 163.3957 174.5130

101 175.8646 164.7473 163.3957 174.5130

101 175.8646 164.7473 163.3957 174.5130

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 48.710 357.365 699.143 86.093

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -10.775 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 524.841 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 48.710
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -1.877 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1312.079 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 699.143

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -1.469 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 524.841 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 357.365

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 15.240 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1312.079 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 86.093

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.400m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.300 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 734.107 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.798 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1914.133 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 2004.240 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 1276.089 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 957.066 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 570.008 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.750 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 427.506 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 240.017 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 570.008 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.750 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 427.506 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 246.755 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.050 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 181.426 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 201.584 kNm

Required = 0.00220

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1644.517 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 291.750 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7366.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.975 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.317 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00228

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 291.750 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.050 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 176.335 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 195.928 kNm

Required = 0.00239

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1692.467 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 291.750 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7366.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.975 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.293 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00247

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 291.750 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.050 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 56.955 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 63.284 kNm

Required = 0.00076

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1257.013 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 389.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 389 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.050 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 56.955 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 63.284 kNm

Required = 0.00068

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1327.930 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 389.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 389 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 124

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 622.569 18.458 -1.173 -0.949 -17.593

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 622.569 18.458 -1.173 -0.949 -17.593

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 4.510 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 5.062 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 153.5509 178.5782 177.1786 152.1512 0.000

101 153.5509 178.5782 177.1786 152.1512 0.000

101 153.5509 178.5782 177.1786 152.1512 0.000

101 153.5509 178.5782 177.1786 152.1512 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 153.5509 178.5782 177.1786 152.1512

101 153.5509 178.5782 177.1786 152.1512

101 153.5509 178.5782 177.1786 152.1512

101 153.5509 178.5782 177.1786 152.1512

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 22.232 349.882 679.274 38.386

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 18.458 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 410.360 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 22.232
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -1.359 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 923.294 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 679.274

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -1.173 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 410.360 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 349.882
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -24.053 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 923.294 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 38.386

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.350m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.250 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 570.675 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.598 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1480.714 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 1441.811 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 987.142 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 740.357 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 427.392 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.675 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 320.544 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 187.643 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 427.392 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.575 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 320.544 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 200.356 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 127.233 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 141.371 kNm

Required = 0.00247

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1388.984 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 347.333 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 8763.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.850 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1407.449 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.267 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00234

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 347.333 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 118.873 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 132.081 kNm

Required = 0.00264

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1389.461 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 347.333 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 8763.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.850 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1407.449 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.243 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00257

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 347.333 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 38.646 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 42.940 kNm

Required = 0.00084

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 931.856 mm2

Selected bar Size = #20

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#20 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 38.646 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 42.940 kNm

Required = 0.00074

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 995.682 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 141

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 703.008 -23.123 0.628 0.685 23.018

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 703.008 -23.123 0.628 0.685 23.018

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 5.109 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.400 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.400 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 5.760 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 177.0893 150.4601 151.2385 177.8677 0.000

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101 177.0893 150.4601 151.2385 177.8677 0.000

101 177.0893 150.4601 151.2385 177.8677 0.000

101 177.0893 150.4601 151.2385 177.8677 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 177.0893 150.4601 151.2385 177.8677

101 177.0893 150.4601 151.2385 177.8677

101 177.0893 150.4601 151.2385 177.8677

101 177.0893 150.4601 151.2385 177.8677

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 20.092 739.786 1232.515 35.839

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -23.123 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 464.582 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 20.092
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 0.905 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1114.975 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 1232.515

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 0.628 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 464.582 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 739.786

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 31.111 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1114.975 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 35.839

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.350m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.250 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 651.505 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.598 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1480.714 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 1441.811 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 987.142 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 740.357 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 455.885 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.650 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 341.914 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 220.293 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 455.885 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.750 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 341.914 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 236.522 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.000 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 158.156 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 175.729 kNm

Required = 0.00290

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1735.475 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 279.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 6985.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.925 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.267 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00282

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 279.250 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.000 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 146.798 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 163.109 kNm

Required = 0.00308

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1724.943 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 279.250 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 6985.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.925 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.243 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00310

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 279.250 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.000 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 48.178 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 53.531 kNm

Required = 0.00098

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 993.980 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.000 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 48.178 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 53.531 kNm

Required = 0.00086

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1062.061 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 446.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 446 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 142

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 822.796 8.785 -0.178 -0.050 -8.115

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 822.796 8.785 -0.178 -0.050 -8.115

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 5.921 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.500 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.500 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.400 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 6.250 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 169.8462 178.2600 178.1828 169.7690 0.000

101 169.8462 178.2600 178.1828 169.7690 0.000

101 169.8462 178.2600 178.1828 169.7690 0.000

101 169.8462 178.2600 178.1828 169.7690 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 169.8462 178.2600 178.1828 169.7690

101 169.8462 178.2600 178.1828 169.7690

101 169.8462 178.2600 178.1828 169.7690

101 169.8462 178.2600 178.1828 169.7690

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 61.243 3015.841 11075.510 115.660

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 8.785 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 537.999 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 61.243
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -0.121 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1344.974 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 11075.510

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -0.178 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 537.999 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 3015.841
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -11.629 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1344.974 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 115.660

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.400m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.300 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 758.363 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.798 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1914.133 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 2004.240 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 1276.089 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 957.066 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 570.008 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.750 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 427.506 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 247.032 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 570.008 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.750 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 427.506 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 252.833 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.050 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 185.858 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 206.509 kNm

Required = 0.00225

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1685.814 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 291.750 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7366.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.975 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.317 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00228

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 291.750 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.050 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 181.469 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 201.633 kNm

Required = 0.00246

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1743.257 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 291.750 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7366.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.975 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.293 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00247

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 291.750 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.050 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 56.955 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 63.284 kNm

Required = 0.00076

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1257.013 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 389.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 389 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 1.050 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 56.955 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 63.284 kNm

Required = 0.00068

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1327.930 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 389.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 389 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 144

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 672.841 20.231 -0.094 0.104 -19.283

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 672.841 20.231 -0.094 0.104 -19.283

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 4.890 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 5.290 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 153.3392 179.3413 179.4119 153.4098 0.000

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101 153.3392 179.3413 179.4119 153.4098 0.000

101 153.3392 179.3413 179.4119 153.4098 0.000

101 153.3392 179.3413 179.4119 153.4098 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 153.3392 179.3413 179.4119 153.4098

101 153.3392 179.3413 179.4119 153.4098

101 153.3392 179.3413 179.4119 153.4098

101 153.3392 179.3413 179.4119 153.4098

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 21.752 4701.250 14145.447 38.391

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 20.231 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 440.063 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 21.752
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 0.072 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1012.127 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 14145.447

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -0.094 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 440.063 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 4701.250

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -26.363 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1012.127 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 38.391

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.350m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.250 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 619.169 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.598 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1480.714 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 1441.811 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 987.142 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 740.357 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 436.890 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.600 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 327.667 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 204.934 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 436.890 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.600 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 327.667 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 219.461 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.950 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 141.792 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 157.547 kNm

Required = 0.00270

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1552.259 mm2

Selected bar Size = #20

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#20 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.875 m
=
Try bar size # 20 Area of one bar = 314.161 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1570.803 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.265 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00258

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.950 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 132.033 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 146.703 kNm

Required = 0.00299

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1576.723 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 304.857 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7620.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.875 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 8

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1608.513 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.239 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00293

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 304.857 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.950 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 41.669 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 46.299 kNm

Required = 0.00089

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 952.564 mm2

Selected bar Size = #25

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#25 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.950 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 41.669 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 46.299 kNm

Required = 0.00078

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1017.808 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 426.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 426 mm o.c.

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 490.313 -18.682 3.645 3.629 18.724

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 490.313 -18.682 3.645 3.629 18.724

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 3.605 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.050 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.050 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 4.202 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 168.0815 134.1932 140.7714 174.6597 0.000

101 168.0815 134.1932 140.7714 174.6597 0.000

101 168.0815 134.1932 140.7714 174.6597 0.000

101 168.0815 134.1932 140.7714 174.6597 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 168.0815 134.1932 140.7714 174.6597

101 168.0815 134.1932 140.7714 174.6597

101 168.0815 134.1932 140.7714 174.6597

101 168.0815 134.1932 140.7714 174.6597

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 17.369 89.014 140.853 27.342

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -18.682 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 324.489 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 17.369
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 4.723 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 665.190 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 140.853

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 3.645 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 324.489 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 89.014
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 24.329 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 665.190 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 27.342

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.300m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.200 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 448.367 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.398 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1092.956 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 970.706 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 728.637 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 546.478 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 311.396 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.425 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 233.547 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 152.512 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 311.396 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.625 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 233.547 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 164.678 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.825 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 90.040 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 100.045 kNm

Required = 0.00302

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1237.443 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 314.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7874.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.750 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1407.449 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.217 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00316

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 314.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.825 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 83.074 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 92.304 kNm

Required = 0.00331

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1245.531 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 314.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7874.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.750 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1407.449 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.193 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00356

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 314.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.825 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 27.186 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 30.206 kNm

Required = 0.00105

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 667.298 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.825 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 27.186 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 30.206 kNm

Required = 0.00089

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 725.451 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 162

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

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Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 605.341 6.255 3.918 3.947 -5.607

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 605.341 6.255 3.918 3.947 -5.607

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 4.366 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.150 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.150 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 4.623 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 162.0824 171.4963 177.9184 168.5044 0.000

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101 162.0824 171.4963 177.9184 168.5044 0.000

101 162.0824 171.4963 177.9184 168.5044 0.000

101 162.0824 171.4963 177.9184 168.5044 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 162.0824 171.4963 177.9184 168.5044

101 162.0824 171.4963 177.9184 168.5044

101 162.0824 171.4963 177.9184 168.5044

101 162.0824 171.4963 177.9184 168.5044

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 62.814 100.276 158.829 108.350

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 6.255 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 392.913 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 62.814
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 5.319 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 844.748 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 158.829

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 3.918 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 392.913 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 100.276

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -7.796 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 844.748 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 108.350

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.350m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.250 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 550.080 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.598 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1480.714 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 1441.811 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 987.142 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 740.357 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 408.397 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.525 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 306.298 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 179.145 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 408.397 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.525 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 306.298 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 180.572 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 110.606 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 122.895 kNm

Required = 0.00224

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1204.116 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 396.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 10033.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.800 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 6

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1206.385 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.267 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00210

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 396.800 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 109.708 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 121.898 kNm

Required = 0.00255

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1280.888 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 330.667 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 8382.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.800 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1407.449 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.243 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00269

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 330.667 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 33.044 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 36.715 kNm

Required = 0.00081

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 856.134 mm2

Selected bar Size = #20

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#20 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.875 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 33.044 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 36.715 kNm

Required = 0.00066

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 951.429 mm2

Selected bar Size = #25

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#25 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 163

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

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Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 698.370 -8.722 3.308 3.372 9.006

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 698.370 -8.722 3.308 3.372 9.006

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 5.031 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.350 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 5.290 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 174.9144 163.0209 167.4882 179.3817 0.000

101 174.9144 163.0209 167.4882 179.3817 0.000

101 174.9144 163.0209 167.4882 179.3817 0.000

101 174.9144 163.0209 167.4882 179.3817 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 174.9144 163.0209 167.4882 179.3817

101 174.9144 163.0209 167.4882 179.3817

101 174.9144 163.0209 167.4882 179.3817

101 174.9144 163.0209 167.4882 179.3817

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 51.920 136.884 229.939 86.367

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -8.722 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 452.827 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 51.920
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 4.529 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1041.484 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 229.939

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 3.308 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 452.827 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 136.884
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 12.059 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 1041.484 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 86.367

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.350m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.250 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 642.661 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.598 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1480.714 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 1441.811 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 987.142 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 740.357 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 436.890 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.600 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 327.667 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 215.171 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 436.890 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.700 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 327.667 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 219.331 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.950 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 141.486 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 157.206 kNm

Required = 0.00270

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1548.786 mm2

Selected bar Size = #20

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#20 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.875 m
=
Try bar size # 20 Area of one bar = 314.161 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1570.803 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.265 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00258

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.950 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 138.696 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 154.107 kNm

Required = 0.00314

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1659.465 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 266.750 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 6731.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.875 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.239 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00329

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 266.750 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.950 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 41.669 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 46.299 kNm

Required = 0.00089

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 952.564 mm2

Selected bar Size = #25

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#25 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.950 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 41.669 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 46.299 kNm

Required = 0.00078

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1017.808 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 426.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 426 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 164

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 545.762 13.599 2.460 2.596 -12.773

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 545.762 13.599 2.460 2.596 -12.773

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 3.913 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.100 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.100 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 4.410 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 152.9408 175.4676 179.9407 157.4140 0.000

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101 152.9408 175.4676 179.9407 157.4140 0.000

101 152.9408 175.4676 179.9407 157.4140 0.000

101 152.9408 175.4676 179.9407 157.4140 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 152.9408 175.4676 179.9407 157.4140

101 152.9408 175.4676 179.9407 157.4140

101 152.9408 175.4676 179.9407 157.4140

101 152.9408 175.4676 179.9407 157.4140

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 26.198 144.800 224.369 44.393

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 13.599 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 356.256 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 26.198
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 3.334 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 748.124 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 224.369

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 2.460 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 356.256 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 144.800

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -16.852 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 748.124 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 44.393

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.300m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.200 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 501.269 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.398 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1092.956 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 970.706 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 728.637 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 546.478 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 318.991 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.450 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 239.244 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 171.067 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 318.991 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.450 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 239.244 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 179.324 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.850 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 99.936 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 111.040 kNm

Required = 0.00329

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1377.860 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 322.333 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 8128.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.775 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1407.449 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.217 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00309

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 322.333 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.850 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 95.080 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 105.644 kNm

Required = 0.00372

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1432.668 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #20

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#20 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.775 m
=
Try bar size # 20 Area of one bar = 314.161 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1570.803 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.193 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00388

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.850 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 29.562 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 32.847 kNm

Required = 0.00112

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 683.574 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.850 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 29.562 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 32.847 kNm

Required = 0.00095

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 743.145 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 181

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 217.955 -8.280 1.711 1.742 8.604

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 217.955 -8.280 1.711 1.742 8.604

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 1.392 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.400 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 1.400 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 1.960 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 164.9840 118.3027 127.7902 174.4715 0.000

101 164.9840 118.3027 127.7902 174.4715 0.000

101 164.9840 118.3027 127.7902 174.4715 0.000

101 164.9840 118.3027 127.7902 174.4715 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 164.9840 118.3027 127.7902 174.4715

101 164.9840 118.3027 127.7902 174.4715

101 164.9840 118.3027 127.7902 174.4715

101 164.9840 118.3027 127.7902 174.4715

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 17.327 83.841 92.577 18.815

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -8.280 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 143.459 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 17.327
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 2.169 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 200.839 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 92.577

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 1.711 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 143.459 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 83.841
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 10.674 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 200.839 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 18.815

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.150 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 184.365 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.198 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 750.860 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 590.924 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 500.573 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 375.430 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 159.389 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.050 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 119.542 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 56.296 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 159.389 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.350 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 119.542 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 63.135 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.500 m
a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 22.571 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 25.079 kNm

Required = 0.00195

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 408.526 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.425 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 3

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 603.192 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.167 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00258

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.500 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 20.093 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 22.326 kNm

Required = 0.00218

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 408.378 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.425 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 3

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 603.192 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.143 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00301

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.500 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 6.613 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 7.348 kNm

Required = 0.00071

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 331.610 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.500 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 6.613 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 7.348 kNm

Required = 0.00056

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 371.324 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 182

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 291.308 1.475 3.766 3.798 -0.913

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 291.308 1.475 3.766 3.798 -0.913

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 1.800 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.500 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 1.500 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 2.250 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 154.2867 158.8433 175.6961 171.1395 0.000

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101 154.2867 158.8433 175.6961 171.1395 0.000

101 154.2867 158.8433 175.6961 171.1395 0.000

101 154.2867 158.8433 175.6961 171.1395 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 154.2867 158.8433 175.6961 171.1395

101 154.2867 158.8433 175.6961 171.1395

101 154.2867 158.8433 175.6961 171.1395

101 154.2867 158.8433 175.6961 171.1395

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 125.882 49.290 58.741 217.257

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 1.475 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 185.615 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 125.882
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 4.740 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 278.418 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 58.741

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 3.766 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 185.615 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 49.290

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -1.282 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 278.418 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 217.257

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.150 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 252.200 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.198 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 750.860 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 590.924 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 500.573 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 375.430 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 170.774 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.100 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 128.081 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 81.470 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 170.774 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.100 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 128.081 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 78.763 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.550 m
a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 29.764 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 33.071 kNm

Required = 0.00241

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 541.739 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.475 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 3

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 603.192 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.167 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00241

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.550 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 30.819 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 34.244 kNm

Required = 0.00316

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 633.873 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 444.667 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 11176.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.475 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 4

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 804.256 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.143 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00375

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 444.667 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.550 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 8.573 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 9.526 kNm

Required = 0.00086

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 355.297 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.550 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 8.573 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 9.526 kNm

Required = 0.00068

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 397.847 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 183

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 410.167 -6.523 4.207 4.249 6.891

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 410.167 -6.523 4.207 4.249 6.891

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 2.460 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.800 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 1.800 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 3.240 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 166.1229 148.5886 159.4951 177.0293 0.000

101 166.1229 148.5886 159.4951 177.0293 0.000

101 166.1229 148.5886 159.4951 177.0293 0.000

101 166.1229 148.5886 159.4951 177.0293 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 166.1229 148.5886 159.4951 177.0293

101 166.1229 148.5886 159.4951 177.0293

101 166.1229 148.5886 159.4951 177.0293

101 166.1229 148.5886 159.4951 177.0293

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 40.433 62.692 89.566 55.711

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -6.523 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 263.751 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 40.433
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 5.300 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 474.742 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 89.566

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 4.207 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 263.751 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 62.692
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 8.522 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 474.742 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 55.711

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.150 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 371.928 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.198 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 750.860 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 590.924 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 500.573 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 375.430 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 204.929 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.250 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 153.697 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 129.171 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 204.929 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.550 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 153.697 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 131.450 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.700 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 58.690 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 65.212 kNm

Required = 0.00405

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1089.776 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 326.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 8255.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.625 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 6

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1206.385 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.167 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00401

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 326.800 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.700 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 57.611 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 64.012 kNm

Required = 0.00504

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1212.760 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #20

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#20 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.625 m
=
Try bar size # 20 Area of one bar = 314.161 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 4

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1256.643 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.143 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00488

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.700 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 16.665 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 18.516 kNm

Required = 0.00140

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 426.356 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.700 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 16.665 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 18.516 kNm

Required = 0.00111

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 477.417 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 184

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 330.546 9.144 2.915 3.040 -8.397

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 330.546 9.144 2.915 3.040 -8.397

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 2.018 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 1.650 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 1.650 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 2.723 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 138.0240 166.5619 176.6308 148.0929 0.000

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101 138.0240 166.5619 176.6308 148.0929 0.000

101 138.0240 166.5619 176.6308 148.0929 0.000

101 138.0240 166.5619 176.6308 148.0929 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 138.0240 166.5619 176.6308 148.0929

101 138.0240 166.5619 176.6308 148.0929

101 138.0240 166.5619 176.6308 148.0929

101 138.0240 166.5619 176.6308 148.0929

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 23.420 73.458 93.751 33.078

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 9.144 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 214.162 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 23.420
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 3.769 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 353.361 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 93.751

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 2.915 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 214.162 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 73.458

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -10.683 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 353.361 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 33.078

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.150 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 293.872 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.198 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 750.860 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 590.924 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 500.573 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 375.430 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 187.852 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.175 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 140.889 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 98.048 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 187.852 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.175 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 140.889 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 103.205 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.625 m
a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 42.568 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 47.297 kNm

Required = 0.00317

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 781.912 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 11430.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.550 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 4

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 804.256 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.167 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00292

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 450.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.625 m
a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 40.341 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 44.823 kNm

Required = 0.00379

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 836.136 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 371.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 9398.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.550 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 5

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1005.321 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.143 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00426

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 371.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.625 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 12.178 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 13.531 kNm

Required = 0.00111

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 390.826 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.625 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 12.178 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 13.531 kNm

Required = 0.00088

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 437.632 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.000 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.000 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 362.728 173.207 0.009 -0.002 2.800

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 362.728 173.207 0.009 -0.002 2.800

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 2.957 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.100 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.100 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 4.410 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 93.2718 145.7529 145.7534 93.2724 0.000

101 88.8406 152.5434 152.5445 88.8417 0.000

101 88.8406 152.5434 152.5445 88.8417 0.000

101 93.2718 145.7529 145.7534 93.2724 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 93.2718 145.7529 145.7534 93.2724

101 88.8406 152.5434 152.5445 88.8417

101 88.8406 152.5434 152.5445 88.8417

101 93.2718 145.7529 145.7534 93.2724

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 1.536 30349.316 657020.894 11.368

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 173.207 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 266.127 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 1.536
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 0.001 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 558.857 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 657020.894

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 0.009 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 266.127 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 30349.316
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -49.162 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 558.857 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 11.368

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.300m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.200 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 354.447 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.018 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 919.425 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 912.862 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 612.950 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 459.712 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 318.991 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.402 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 239.244 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 120.564 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 318.991 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.402 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 239.244 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 151.734 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.898 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 88.862 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 98.736 kNm

Required = 0.00291

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1219.551 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 322.333 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 8128.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.823 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1407.449 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.217 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00309

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 322.333 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.898 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 69.581 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 77.312 kNm

Required = 0.00269

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1035.324 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 386.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 9779.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.823 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 6

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1206.385 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.193 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00298

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 386.800 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.898 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 32.966 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 36.629 kNm

Required = 0.00125

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 683.574 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.898 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 32.966 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 36.629 kNm

Required = 0.00106

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 743.145 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 221

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.000 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.000 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 375.962 182.031 0.002 0.105 2.786

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 375.962 182.031 0.002 0.105 2.786

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 3.076 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.150 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.150 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 4.622 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 92.7626 144.3468 144.4748 92.8906 0.000

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101 88.4477 151.0215 151.1496 88.5759 0.000

101 88.4477 151.0215 151.1496 88.5759 0.000

101 92.7626 144.3468 144.4748 92.8906 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 92.7626 144.3468 144.4748 92.8906

101 88.4477 151.0215 151.1496 88.5759

101 88.4477 151.0215 151.1496 88.5759

101 92.7626 144.3468 144.4748 92.8906

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 1.521 129264.607 5609.912 11.487

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 182.031 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 276.885 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 1.521
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 0.106 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 595.291 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 5609.912

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 0.002 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 276.885 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 129264.607

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -51.823 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 595.291 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 11.487

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.300m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.200 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 367.774 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.018 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 919.425 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 912.862 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 612.950 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 459.712 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 326.586 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.427 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 244.940 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 126.494 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 326.586 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.427 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 244.940 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 158.708 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.923 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 94.874 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 105.416 kNm

Required = 0.00304

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1304.115 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 330.667 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 8382.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.848 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 7

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1407.449 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.217 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00302

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 330.667 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.923 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 74.463 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 82.736 kNm

Required = 0.00281

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1109.656 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 396.800 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 10033.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.848 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 6

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1206.385 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.193 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00291

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 396.800 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.923 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 35.657 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 39.619 kNm

Required = 0.00132

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 699.850 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.923 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 35.657 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 39.619 kNm

Required = 0.00112

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 760.839 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 241

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Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

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Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 546.841 46.050 1.092 1.189 -44.581

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 546.841 46.050 1.092 1.189 -44.581

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 4.106 m2

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Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 5.063 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 114.4811 173.5762 175.1169 116.0218 0.000

101 114.4194 175.9402 177.5385 116.0177 0.000

101 114.4194 175.9402 177.5385 116.0177 0.000

101 114.4811 173.5762 175.1169 116.0218 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 114.4811 173.5762 175.1169 116.0218

101 114.4194 175.9402 177.5385 116.0177

101 114.4194 175.9402 177.5385 116.0177

101 114.4811 173.5762 175.1169 116.0218

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

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Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 8.024 338.382 548.021 14.237

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 46.050 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 369.509 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 8.024
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : 1.517 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 831.380 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 548.021

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 1.092 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 369.509 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 338.382
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -58.396 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 831.380 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 14.237

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

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Total Footing Depth, D = 0.300m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.200 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 508.006 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.398 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1092.956 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 970.706 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 728.637 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 546.478 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 341.777 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 1.525 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 256.332 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 177.185 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

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One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 341.777 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.525 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 256.332 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 210.321 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

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Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 125.487 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 139.430 kNm

Required = 0.00388

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1742.799 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 260.500 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 6604.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.850 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.217 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00371

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 260.500 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

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Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 104.533 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 116.147 kNm

Required = 0.00382

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1577.076 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 297.714 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7493.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

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Available development length for bars, DL

0.850 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 8

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1608.513 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.193 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00370

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 297.714 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 37.510 kNm

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Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 41.678 kNm

Required = 0.00133

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 732.401 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dx =

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Ultimate moment, 37.510 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 41.678 kNm

Required = 0.00112

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 796.226 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 242

Input Values

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Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Rectangular

Column Length - X (Pl) : 0.400 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.400 m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 23.600 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 420.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #16
Maximum Bar Size : #32
Minimum Bar Spacing : 28.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 450.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 75.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 75.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 16.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 180.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 7.890 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 1500.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

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Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 1.000 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 1.000 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
102 2

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 551.594 45.847 -1.309 -1.153 -44.351

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
102 551.594 45.847 -1.309 -1.153 -44.351

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 1.000 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 4.132 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 2.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 2.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.300 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 5.063 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

101 117.1253 178.3393 176.7105 115.4965 0.000

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101 117.1253 178.3393 176.7105 115.4965 0.000

101 117.1253 178.3393 176.7105 115.4965 0.000

101 117.1184 175.9174 174.3575 115.5585 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero
and the pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

101 117.1253 178.3393 176.7105 115.4965

101 117.1253 178.3393 176.7105 115.4965

101 117.1253 178.3393 176.7105 115.4965

101 117.1184 175.9174 174.3575 115.5585

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 8.112 284.073 541.186 14.400

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : 45.847 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 371.886 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 8.112
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -1.546 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 836.728 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 541.186

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 101

Governing Disturbing Force : -1.309 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 371.886 kN

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Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 284.073

Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 101
Governing Overturning Moment : -58.104 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 836.728 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 14.400

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.300m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.200 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 512.422 kN, Load Case # 102

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 2.398 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 1092.956 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 970.706 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 728.637 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 546.478 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 341.777 kN

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Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.725 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 256.332 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 102 178.735 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 341.777 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 1.525 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending
about the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 256.332 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 102 211.684 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

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Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 126.283 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 140.315 kNm

Required = 0.00391

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1754.421 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 260.500 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 6604.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.850 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 9

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1809.577 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.217 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00371

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From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 260.500 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete
Design (5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 102

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about X axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dz =

Ultimate moment, 105.446 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 117.163 kNm

Required = 0.00385

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 1591.550 mm2

Selected Bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 297.714 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4

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Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 7493.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.850 m
=
Try bar size # 16 Area of one bar = 201.064 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 8

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 1608.513 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.193 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00370

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 297.714 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth
and surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 37.510 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 41.678 kNm

Required = 0.00133

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 732.401 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.02125

0.01594

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From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, =

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00177

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 23.529

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.925 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 37.510 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 41.678 kNm

Required = 0.00112

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 796.226 mm2

Selected bar Size = #16

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 28.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 450.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 187.772 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#16 @ 450 mm o.c.

Print Calculation Sheet

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