Hommer Cristian Furigay, Jaycee Casinos, Mark Dominic Bareng

“Factors of How Juvenile Engage to Children in Conflict with Law in Aparri,

Cagayan”

I. Introduction

Man has always been the center of government’s concern and juvenile
delinquent behavior is one of the most important issues we face as a nation in this new
millennium. Despite the social awareness, juvenile delinquency is on the rise, this gives
much cause for concern. Juvenile crime is increasingly more sophisticated and its
participants are becoming younger.

It is really very hard to define juvenile delinquency in terms of deviance from

conduct norms because norms vary from state to state, city to city, and neighborhood to
neighborhood. Laws legal or cultural norms, belief systems, traditions all play a
determining role in various aspects of our lives. Juveniles acquire culture and behavior
through relationships with other people and conform strictly to the rules by listening,
observing, and imitating. What may be deemed delinquent act in Asia may well be
acceptable behavior in another part of the world. The behavior patterns of Juveniles are
influenced in part by what goes on in the environment in which they live. At times, the
demands of wants and needs are intensified by a society that consists of high mobility,
social change, materialistic. All juvenile delinquent behaviors and is influenced not
only by what goes on in the environment are in which juveniles live, but also by what
they observe in adults, what they listen to, learn from peer groups, parents, relatives,
and society at large. Juvenile delinquency is not an inherent human condition, but
rather is learned observation, desires. Pressure, through association, imitation, needs,
wants, influence and Schopenhauer, a German philosopher pointed out that the world is
full of evil. According to him, every part of it is empowered by a drive to survive at the
expense of others. Man was born good but society makes him bad and corrupt.
Obviously, human beings tend to develop in different stages until they become adults.

(https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/family-relationships/article/3011296/children-prison-
philippines-rundown-houses-hope)

Moreover, we know very little about the social processes by which formal
organizations define persons as “delinquent.” If we cannot understand the routine
activities, customs and self-images of delinquents, we will not be able to understand the
ways in which certain types of youthful behavior come to be viewed as delinquent.
David Matza agrees that delinquency cannot be explained. He stresses the fact that
delinquent behavior is a rule-breaking behavior performed by juveniles who are aware
that they are violating the law. According to Web Dubois, “The chief problem in any
community cursed with crime is not the punishment of criminals, but the preventing of
the young from being trained to crime.” The common focus of our government is on the
prevention of crimes committed by adults sometimes ignoring the delinquency of the
youth which often leads to greater menace of the society. Prevention works better and
is cheaper than treatment.
II. Significance of the Study

This study is very relevant considering the joint involvement of the family,
community and the local government unit in preventing juvenile delinquency which if
will not be given concern will cause greater menace in the society.

III. Conceptual Framework

“FACTORS OF HOW JUVENILE ENGAGED TO CHILDREN IN CONFLICT

WITH LAW”

Anomie Theory Subculture Theory Differential

Opportunity Theory

This theory explains that The subculture theory is

juvenile delinquency
occurs because the
juveniles do not have the
means to make themselves
happy. Their goals are
unattainable within legal
means so they find
unlawful means by which
to attain their goals.
much like it sounds; The differential
juveniles that do not meet opportunity theory
the social standards seek does not fully
validation from a support Cohen’s
subculture. The subculture theory that juveniles
group is formed of other become delinquent
juveniles who also do not when they do not
meet the social standards. meet society’s
standards.
These groups then act in
manners that are not socially
acceptable and rebel against
the socially acceptable
standards. According to
Cohen, juvenile delinquency
is a product of society. The
juveniles commit crimes,
such as stealing, because it is
not a social norm, and they
do it to fit in with their
subculture.

IV.
Statement of the Problem
 This study entitled “Factors of How Juvenile engage to children in conflict with law”,
generally aimed to determine the factors of how Juveniles commit delinquent acts in Aparri
and to present how the community treat the said Juvenile delinquents based on its actual
conditions.
It also aimed to venture into the identifying characteristics of Juvenile delinquents to be
considered as such.
Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:
1. What is the personal profile of the minor who is most likely to engage delinquency and
becoming a CICL according to
a. Age
b. Sex
c. Type of school
d. Family background
I. Parents employment
II. Family size
III. Financial status
2. What are the Juvenile delinquent acts that is most likely committed?
3. What are the attitude and personality of the minors committed Juvenile delinquency?
4. How does the community treat and deal with Juvenile delinquency?
5. What are the identifying factors of delinquency affecting the Juvenile as to:
a. Family
b. Peers
c. School
d. Media
V. Objective of the Study

This study aimed to determine the following:

 The personal background of the respondent.
 The delinquent acts that are most like to commit by minors.
 The personality and attitude of minors who committed delinquent acts.
 The treat of community among the juvenile delinquency.
 The identifying factors of delinquency affect the juvenile as to:
A. Family
B. Peers
C. School
D. Media

VI. Methodology

This chapter presents the research environment: which deals with the research design,
methodology, respondents of the study, data gathering procedure, instruments used and the
statistical tool and framework of this study.

Research design
  The study was to determine the treatment given by the Aparrianos to juvenile
delinquents. The descriptive survey method was adopted in gathering the
necessary information and a set of questionnaires was prepared to collect the data
needed.

Research Methodology

The following steps have been undertaken in the gathering of data:

1. Survey was employed.
2. Have sought approval from the authorities of the place of the study.
3. A questionnaire was designed by the researchers to collect data.
4. A structured interview was conducted to serve as instrument and basis for gathering
further information about the problem.

Data gathering instrument

 Instruments and other resources of data were a big help in organizing and
gathering data and should resolved into positive and convenient information. The
researchers for the purpose of gathering data needed in the study used a survey
questionnaire. The questionnaires cover the following; the profile of the
respondents and their juvenile delinquent practices. The problems encountered by
the respondents regarding the factors and treatment given by the Aparri
community to the juvenile delinquents.

Data Gathering procedure

 The questionnaires were floated personally and were administered and gathered
by the researchers themselves.

Research ethics

 The researcher and/or research team will always obtain informed consent from all
parties involved in the research prior to implementing the research project. This
will include full disclosure of any anticipated risks to the subjects, whether the
respondents will be compensated in any way, the methodology to be used and
data treatment. A compliance document between parties (researcher and/or
research team and the informant) will be signed by the individuals who are
responsible for each institution (e.g., head researcher, head of school). In the case
of research carried out with children under the age of 18 and which is in
collaboration with schools, the education center will provide parental consent for
research to be carried out in the center. In the case of a research project carried
out with informants outside of an institution, on a one-to-one basis, signed
consent will be obtained by each informant prior to beginning the research. In the
 case of research carried out with children under the age of 18 and which is not in
collaboration with schools, the head researcher will seek signed parental consent.
These procedures include doctoral studies supervised by any research team
member. The researcher and/or research team will ensure confidentiality of all
research subjects, including data stemming from systematic reviews of
documents, which might be considered sensitive due to race, ethnicity, religion,
politics, health, or sexual orientation.

RRL

The causes of Philippine juvenile delinquency can be attributed to a plethora of issues in

society, with the authorities pointing to poverty as the driving factor in pushing children to
commit crimes.

https://businessmirror.com.ph/2022/05/19/juvenile-delinquency-in-the-philippines/
#:~:text=One%20of%20the%20possible%20causes,the%20statutes%20of%20juvenile
%20justice.

The most common reasons for a child to go against the law is either lack of education or faults
in their upbringing that is due to unhealthy socio-cultural environment resulting in the child to
become physically and mentally unfit as well as an irresponsible citizen.

https://www.legalserviceindia.com/legal/article-1724-juvenile-delinquency-in-india-causes-
and-prevention-.html

Results showed that peers are more influential in the formation of juvenile delinquents’ moral
perception. Parent influences only play secondary but an equally significant role. Through
intervention, delinquents have experienced changes in their moral perception

Magalona, Marianne S. Marasigan, Cesar Augustine C. Santos, Sarah Marie M. 2008.

Retrieved from https://animosearch.dlsu.edu.ph/discovery/fulldisplay?
context=L&vid=63DLSUL_INST:ANIMOSEARCH&search_scope=physicalmaterials&tab=p
hysicalmaterials&docid=alma991002709579706351

The study found out that most juveniles perceive violence as a way of survival. Most of them
also believed that violence is justified when they use this as a means to survive, for example, to
gather needed financial resources or as a method of protecting themselves and their loved ones.

Bassig, Maria Roxanne B. Fevidal, Anne Marie Nicole. Robeniol, Gabriel Antonio D. (2009)
"Exploring juvenile delinquency: violence as perceived and justified by juvenile delinquents"
retrieved from https://animosearch.dlsu.edu.ph/discovery/fulldisplay?
context=L&vid=63DLSUL_INST:ANIMOSEARCH&search_scope=physicalmaterials&tab=p
hysicalmaterials&docid=alma991002697079706351
Neglected male juveniles and sexually abused male juveniles exhibited strong association with
commission of violent offenses.

Dirig, Midori K.. (2016) Examination of Relationship Between Child Abuse Type, Gender,
and Violence in Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Dependency Subjects
https://animosearch.dlsu.edu.ph/discovery/fulldisplay?
context=PC&vid=63DLSUL_INST:ANIMOSEARCH&search_scope=CentralIndex&tab=onli
neresources&docid=cdi_proquest_journals_1826827554

The study found that youth employment influenced juvenile violent and property crime arrests.
Children living in single parent families influenced juvenile violent crime arrests but did not
show any statistically significant relationship with property crime arrests. Haigh school
dropout and children living in poverty did not show a statistically significant relationship with
juvenile violent and property crime arrests.

Bassig, MR. B., Fevidal, AMN., Robeniol, GA. D.. (2009).Exploring juvenile delinquency:
violence as perceived and Justified by juvenile delinquent https://libguides.dlsu.edu.ph/c.php?
g=939096&p=6797264

The study looked into the four factors that contribute on juvenile delinquent acts namely
family, environment, school and other department or agencies of the government.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
253237422_Common_Factors_of_Juvenile_Delinquent_Acts

This study discusses the influence of different facto surrounding a child that may negatively
affect the child’s psychological development. In this study, the population consists of Filipino
juvenile delinquents whose ages range from 15-18 years old.

Bassig, MR. B., Fevidal, AMN.,

Robeniol, GA. D.. (2009). Exploring juvenile delinquency : violence as perceived and justified
by juvenile delinquents. Retrieved from
https://animosearch.dlsu.edu.ph/discovery/fulldisplay?
context=L&vid=63DLSUL_INST:ANIMOSEARCH&search_scope=physicalmaterials&tab=p
hysicalmaterials&docid=alma991002697079706351

Juvenile delinquency is prevalent in the present society. This study aims to identify the moral
perception of right and wrong of juvenile delinquents and the contribution of intervention in
changing this perception. Two factors are said to influence the delinquents’ moral perception
specifically parents and peers.
Magalona, M. S., Marasigan, CA. C.
Santos, SM. M.. (2008). Parents and peers as factors contributing to the moral perception of
right and wrong of juvenile delinquents and the contribution of intervention in changing this
moral perception. Retrieved from https://animosearch.dlsu.edu.ph/discovery/fulldisplay?
context=L&vid=63DLSUL_INST:ANIMOSEARCH&search_scope=physicalmaterials&tab=p
hysicalmaterials&docid=alma991002709579706351

Appendix B
QUESTIONNAIRE
Directions: Please check the answers most applicable to you on the spaces provided. Please
share your frank, honest and sincere answers.

PART I. Respondent’s Profile

Name: __________________________________________
(Optional)

Age: Sex:

_____ 9-12 ____Male

_____ 13-15 ____Female

_____ 16-18

Highest Educational Attainment:

_____ Elementary Graduate Level ________High School

_____Elementary Level ________College Graduate

_____ High School Graduate ________college level

Type of School:

_____Private _____In School Youth

_____Public _____Out of School Youth

Family Background:

a. Parents employment

____Employed

____Unemployed

____Self-employed

b. Family Size

_____1-5
_____6-10

_____11-15

PART II. Common delinquent acts committed by the

Juveniles.

Directions:

Please check the corresponding number which

Is most suited to your experience.

1. Killing ______

2. Physical Injury ______

3. Rape ______

4. Arson ______

5. Malicious Mischief ______

6. Theft ______

7. Shoplifting ______

8. Trespassing ______

9. Use of Illegal Drugs ______

10. Consumption of Liquor Vandalism ______

11. Loitering ______

12. Curfew Violation ______

14. Gambling ______

15. Possession of Weapons ______

16. Member of a fraternity ______

 17. Truancy ______

18. Runaway ______

PART III. What are the attitudes of a juvenile to be considered as a delinquent?

5 4 3 2 1
1. Stubborn

2. Materialism

3. Nagger

4. Sensitive

5.Self- centered/Selfish

6. Low self control

7. No sense of loyalty

Directions: Please give your honest evaluation concerning the common delinquent acts you
have commonly committed. Rate yourself using the following scale by checking the
corresponding number.

5-ALWAYS

4- OFTEN

3-SOMETIMES

2-SELDOM

1-NEVER

PART IV.

How does the community treat Juvenile Delinquents?

Directions: Please rate yourself on how the community act you have treats you despite of the
committed. Use delinquent the following scale by checking the corresponding number.

5 ALWAYS

4 OFTEN

3-SOMETIMES

2-SELDOM

1-NEVER

5 4 3 2 1
1. I am being
labeled as
delinquent
one

2. I am
viewed as a
very
disgusting
person
3. I am being
rejected

4.1 am being
isolated in
one place

5. I am
regarded as
sick

6. I am
severely
punished by
my parents

7. I am
severely
punished by
police the
time I was
arrested for
safekeeping

8. I am being
deprived of
 my liberty

9. I am
rained with
criticisms

10. I am
being
condemned
to what I
have
committed

11. I am
being
avoided by
people who
know what I
did
12. My
parents scold
me and
teachers
always scold
me

13. My
parents
became very
strict to me

14. Police
view and
treat
juveniles as
adult
offender

PART V.

To what extent are the identifying factors of Delinquency affect the juvenile?

Directions: Please rate yourself using the scale by checking the corresponding number:
Following

5- VERY TRUE TO ME

4 TRUE TO ME

3 MODERATELY TRUE TO ME

2 NOT TRUE TO ME

1 NOT AT ALL

A. FAMILY

5 4 3 2 1
1. Lack
of
love
and
care
within
the
family

2. Lack
of
love
and
care
within
the
family

3. Lack
of
love
and
care
within
the
family

4. Lack
of
love
and
care
within
the
 family

5. Lack
of
love
and
care
within
the
family

6. Lack
of
love
and
care
within
the
family

7. Lack
of
love
and
care
within
the
family

8. Lack of love
and care
within the
family
9. There is no
unity inside
the family

10. Favoritism
arises in
the family

11. . I
experienced
verbally
abused Parents
12. I
experienced
physically
abused with
my parents
 13. I
experienced
quarrelling
with my
parents

14. I
experience
fighting with
my brothers
and sisters

B. PEERS/FRIENDS

5 4 3 2 1
1. I
experienced
peer
rejection

2. I spent
greater time
with my friends
than my family
3. I have
friends who
abused alcohol

4. I have
friends who
used illegal
drugs

5. I have
friends who has
criminal
records
6. I am more
open to my
friends than
My family
7. I feel secure
with friends
than with
my Family
8. I enjoy the
company of
my friends
than my
family
9. I treasure
friendship
than my
family

10. I
experience
being
insulted by
a friend
11. I
experience
d fighting
with a
friend

12. My
friends
greatly
influenced
my
Decisions
than my
family

C. SCHOOL

1. I find my
subject very
difficult

2. I
 experienced
school
failures

3. I
experienced
fights in
school

4. 1 have little
involvement
in school
Activities

5. 1 have
little
involvement
in school
Activities

6. I skip on
classes and
never attend
at all

7. 1
experienced
being
punished in
School

8. I
experienced
dropping
out of
school

B. PEERS/FRIENDS

5 4 3 2 1
1.1
experienced
peer
rejection

2.1 spent
greater time
with my
friends than
my family

3. I have
friends who
abused
alcohol

4. I have
friends who
used illegal
drugs

5. I have
friends who
has
criminal
records

5. I have
friends who
has
criminal
records

6. I am
more open
to my
friends than
my family

7. I feel
secure with
friends than
with my
family

8. I enjoy
the
company of
my friends
than my
family

9. I treasure
friendship
than my
family
10. I
experienced
being
insulted by
a friend

11. I
experienced
fighting
with a
friend

12. My
friends
greatly
influenced
my
decisions
than my
family