I.

Patient’s Profile
Patient’s Name : - Surya Maya Rai
Age/ sex : - 67yrs/female
Marital status : - Married
Education : - Illiterate
Occupation : - Housewife
Religion : - Hindu
Address : - Kathmandu, Basbari
Diagnosis : - Cardiomyopathy
Ward : - Medical intensive care unit
Bed No. : - 16
IP No. : - 45795
Date of admission : - 2068/11/15
Interview date : - 2068/11/18
Date of discharge :- 2068/12/21
Attending physician : - Dr. Rabi Mall
Informants : - Patient (self) & her Husband

II. INTRODUCTION
Cardiomyopathy is a disease of abnormal heart muscle in which the heart muscle
becomes weakened, stretched, or has another structural problem. It often contributes to the
heart's inability to pump or function well. In some cases, the heart rhythm also becomes
disturbed. This leads to arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats). Often, the exact cause of the muscle
disease is never found.

Viral infections in the heart are a major cause of cardiomyopathy. In some cases, another
disease or its treatment causes cardiomyopathy. This might include complex congenital (present
at birth) heart disease, nutritional deficiencies, uncontrollable, fast heart rhythms, or certain types
of chemotherapy for cancer. Sometimes, cardiomyopathy can be linked to a genetic defect. Other
times, the cause is unknown. Three types of cardiomyopathy typically affect adults. They are
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy

Some people live long, healthy lives with cardiomyopathy. Some people don't even
realize they have it. In others, however, it can make the heart less able to pump blood through the
body. This can cause serious complications, including heart failure, abnormal heart rhythms,
heart valve problems, sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Treatment might involve medicines, surgery,
other medical procedures, and lifestyle changes.
 World Health Organization (WHO) Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are
the leading cause of death globally and an estimated of 17.9 million people
died from CVDs in 2019, representing 32% of all global deaths. Overall of
these deaths, 85% were due to heart attack and stroke.

 Over three quarters of CVD deaths take place in low- and middle-income
countries.