1.

Concept of motivation
a. Motive
b. Motivating
c. Nature of motivation
i. Based on motives
ii. Affected by motivating
iii. Goal-directed behavior
iv. Related to satisfaction
v. Person motivated in totality
vi. Complex phenomenon
d. Types of needs
i. Primary need
ii. Secondary
iii. General
e. Importance of motivation
i. High-performance level
ii. Low employee turnover and absenteeism
iii. Acceptance of organizational changes
2. Theories of motivation
a. Maslow’s need hierarchy
i. Psychological needs
ii. Safety
iii. Social needs
iv. Esteem needs
v. Self-actualization
b. Herzberg’s motivation hygiene theory
i. Hygiene factor
ii. Motivating factor
c. McClelland’s Need theory
i. Need for power
ii. Need for affiliation
iii. Need for achievement
d. Alderfer’s Erg Theory
e. Vroom’s expectancy theory
f. Equity theory
i. Overpaid inequity
g. Reinforcement theory
i. Positive reinforcement
ii. Negative reinforcement
iii. Punishment
iv. Extinction
h. Goal setting theory
i. Theory Z
i. Trust
ii. Strong bond b/w organization and emplyees
iii. Emplymeet involvement
iv. No formal structure
v. Coordination of human being
j. Contingency approach of motivation
i. Elements of sound motivation system
1. Adequate motivations
2. Anaylysis of needs
3. Simplicity in motivation system
4. Uneven motivation
k. Motivational patterns in Indian organization
3. Motivational applications
a. Designing of reward system
i. Intrinsic
ii. Extrinsic
iii. Incentives
b. Financial incentives
i. Positive
 ii. Negative
iii. Using money as motivation
iv. Types of financial incentives
1. Pay and allowances
2. Productivity linked incentives
3. Skilled based pay
4. Bonus
5. Perquisites
6. Cash reward for suggestion
7. Co-partnership
8. Employee stock option plan
9. Retirement benefit
v. Non financial incentives
1. Status
2. Promotion
3. Responsibility
4. Making job pleasant/ interesting
5. Job security
6. Social importance of work
7. Team spirit
4. Quality of work life
a. Methods of improving quality of work life
i. Flexibility in work schedule
ii. Autonomous work group
iii. Job enrichment
iv. Opportunity for growth
v. Participation
vi. Communication
b. Effects of quality of work life
i. Job involvement
ii. Sense of competence
iii. Job satisfaction
iv. Productivity
c. Job satisfaction
i. Individual factors
1. Level of education
2. Age
3. Other factors
ii. Nature of job
1. Occupation level
2. Job content
iii. Situational factor
1. Working condition
2. Supervision
3. Equitable reward
4. Opportunity for promotion
5. Work group
iv. Effect of job satisfaction
1. Physical and mental health
2. Productivity
3. Absenteeism
4. Employee training
5. Morale building
a. Sound human resource management
b. Human relation approach
c. Management of attitude
d. Organization structure
e. Participation
f. Job enrichment
g. Conflict handling
h. Other measures