BY

HAFSA SIKANDAR
 STATE
Derivation

• In Greek word : polis = City/ State

• Roman word : Civilian = citizen , civic , city
• In latin word : status = state

The term “STATE” famous in 16th Century

Famous the Italian philospher Niccolò
Machiavelli write a book “THE PRINCE”
MEANING

• Assembly of people
• Occupy definite territory
• Live under organized government
• No out side control
DEFINATION
Aristotle defined the state as “a community
of families and villages having for its end a
perfect and self- sufficing life, by which we
mean a happy and honorable life.”

A writer on International Law, Stuart Hall, defines the state

from the point of view of the international law. He says: the marks
of an independent state are that the community constituting it is
permanently established for a political end, that it possesses a
defined territory, and that is independent of external control.”
ELEMENTS OF
THE STATE

we learn that it is composed of four essential

elements:
Physical bases of the state
• Population
• Land or territory
Non- physical bases of the state
• Government; and
• Sovereignty
 HISTORICAL
EVOLUTION OF
THE STATE
• The Stateless Societies of the Primitive Times
• The Tribal Kingdoms of Antiquity
• The Greek City- States or Polis
• The Roman Empire
• The Feudal States
• The Nation States of the Modern Times
POPULATION

China 1.45 billion

india 1.4 billion
US 39.5 million
pakistan 231.4 million
LAND or TERRITORY
GOVERNMENT
SOVEREIGNTY