ENA - TS - 41-37 - Part - 1 General

PRODUCED BY THE OPERATIONS DIRECTORATE OF ENERGY NETWORKS ASSOCIATION
Technical Specification 41-37

Issue 2 2015
Switchgear for use on 66 kV to 132 kV

distribution systems
Part 1 Common clauses
www.energynetworks.org
PUBLISHING AND COPYRIGHT INFORMATION
© 2015 Energy Networks Association
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Energy Networks Association.
Specific enquiries concerning this document should be addressed to:
Operations Directorate
Energy Networks Association
6th Floor, Dean Bradley House
52 Horseferry Rd
London
SW1P 2AF
This document has been prepared for use by members of the Energy Networks
Association to take account of the conditions which apply to them. Advice should be taken
from an appropriately qualified engineer on the suitability of this document for any other
purpose.
First published, September 2004
Revised, 2015
Amendments since publication
Issue Date Amendment

Issue 2 2015 Major revision.
This issue includes the following principal technical changes.
Details of all other technical, general and editorial amendments are
included in the associated Document Amendment Summary for this Issue
(available on request from the Operations Directorate of ENA).
ENA Technical Specification 41-37 Part 1
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Page 1
Contents
Foreword ................................................................................................................................8
1 General ............................................................................................................................9
1.1 Scope .....................................................................................................................9
1.2 Normative references..............................................................................................9
2 Normal and special service conditions ...........................................................................10
2.1 Normal service conditions .....................................................................................10
2.1.1 Indoor switchgear and controlgear ............................................................10
2.1.2 Outdoor switchgear and control gear ........................................................10
2.2 Special service conditions .....................................................................................11
2.2.1 Altitude ......................................................................................................11
2.2.2 Pollution ....................................................................................................11
2.2.3 Temperature and humidity ........................................................................11
2.2.4 Vibrations , shock or tilting ........................................................................11
2.2.5 Wind speed ...............................................................................................11
2.2.6 Other parameters ......................................................................................11
3 Terms and definitions .....................................................................................................11
4 Ratings ..........................................................................................................................13
4.1 Rated voltage (Ur) .................................................................................................13
4.1.1 Range 1 for rated voltages of 245 kV and below ....................................... 13
4.1.2 Range II, for rated voltages above 245 kV ................................................13
4.2 Rated insulation level (Up) .....................................................................................13
4.3 Rated frequency (fr) ..............................................................................................13
4.4 Rated normal current and temperature rise ...........................................................13
4.4.1 Rated normal current (Ir) ...........................................................................13
4.4.2 Temperature rise .......................................................................................14
4.5 Rated short-time withstand current (Ik) ..................................................................14
4.6 Rated peak withstand current (Ip) ..........................................................................14
4.7 Rated duration of short-circuit (tk)..........................................................................14
4.8 Rated supply voltage of closing and opening devices and of auxiliary and
control circuits (Ua) ................................................................................................14
4.8.1 General .....................................................................................................14
4.8.3 Tolerances ...................................................................................................15
The voltage at which switchgear and control equipment should function is to
cater for the boost voltage of the substation battery supplies,
particularly the voltage to boost the supply (110% of 125 V). .................... 15
4.8.4 Ripple voltage ..............................................................................................15
4.10 Rated pressure of compressed gas supply for controlled pressure systems........... 15
5 Design and construction.................................................................................................15
5.1 Requirement for liquids in switchgear and control gear ......................................... 15
5.1.1 Liquid level ................................................................................................15
5.1.2 Liquid quality .............................................................................................15
5.2 Requirements for gases in switchgear and control gear ........................................ 15
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5.2.100Gas in hydraulic system ............................................................................16

5.2.101Excessive running time alarm ...................................................................16
5.2.102Reduced gas density withstand .................................................................16
5.2.103Gas filling valve .........................................................................................16
5.2.103.1 Lockable gas service valves ...................................... 16
5.2.103.2 Valve padlocking .......................................................16
5.2.104Identification of pipe-work..........................................................................16
5.2.105Recycled sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) .........................................................16
5.2.106SF6 labelling of gas zones .........................................................................16
5.2.107Sealed for life compartments.....................................................................16
5.3 Earthing of switchgear and control gear ................................................................16
5.3.201Earthing conductors ..................................................................................17
Earthing conductors and connections to them, for outdoor switchgear
(overhead conductor connected), shall be provided in accordance
with the requirements of.BS EN 50522...................................................... 17
5.203 Earthing of relay and instrument metallic case ............................................ 17
5.3.204 Additional earths ......................................................................................17
5.3.202Earthing of compartments and enclosures ................................................ 17
5.4 Auxiliary and control equipment ............................................................................17
5.4.1 Enclosures ................................................................................................17
5.4.1.1 General ......................................................................................17
5.4.1.3 Degrees of protection .................................................................17
5.4.1.4 Secondary wiring identification ...................................................17
5.4.2 Protection against electric shock ...............................................................17
5.4.2.2.100 Local control point ................................. 17
5.4.3 Fire hazard ................................................................................................17
5.4.3.1 General ......................................................................................17
5.4.4 Components installed in enclosures ..........................................................18
5.4.4.1 Selection of components ............................................................18
5.4.4.4 Identification ...............................................................................18
5.4.4.4.100 Identifying conductors by colours .......... 18
5.4.4.4.101 Interface wiring ...................................... 18
5.4.4.4.102 Internal wiring ........................................ 18
5.4.4.5 Requirements for auxiliary and control circuit components ......... 18
5.4.4.5.1 Cables and small wiring............................................. 18
5.4.4.5.1.102 Wiring looms ..................................... 18
5.4.4.5.1.103 Interchangeable units ........................ 18
5.4.4.5.1.104 Securing of secondary wiring ............ 19
5.4.4.5.1.105 When nominal voltage exceeds
125 V.....................................................19
5.4.4.5.1.106 Insulation shrink back ........................ 19
5.4.4.5.2 Terminals and terminal blocks ................................... 19
5.4.4.5.2.100 Cable terminations ............................ 19
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5.4.4.5.2.101 Terminal blocks for current

transformer (CT) and voltage
transformer (VT) circuits ........................ 19
5.4.4.5.2.102 Terminals on auxiliary switches ......... 19
5.4.4.5.2.103 Terminal blocks for shorting CTs ....... 19
5.4.4.5.2.104 Multi-terminal secondary wiring
plugs and sockets.................................. 19
5.4.4.5.2.105 Electrical and mechanical
durability ................................................ 19
5.4.4.5.3 Auxiliary switches ......................................................19
5.4.4.5.4 Auxiliary and control contacts .................................... 20
5.4.4.5.100 Control selector switches....................... 20
5.4.4.5.101 SCADA ..................................................20
5.4.4.5.102 Micro switches ....................................... 20
5.4.4.5.103 Mechanical security of micro
switches 20
5.4.4.5.104 Fuses and links ..................................... 20
5.4.4.5.105 Miniature circuit breakers ...................... 20
5.4.4.5.106 Supply isolation ..................................... 20
5.5 Dependant power operation ..................................................................................20
5.5.100Slow operation devices .............................................................................20
5.6 Stored energy operation .......................................................................................20
5.6.1 Energy stored in gas receivers or hydraulic accumulators ......................... 21
5.6.2 Energy stored in springs or weights ..........................................................21
5.6.2.100 Unambiguous indication of spring state ..................... 21
5.6.2.101 Charge/discharge facilities. ....................................... 21
5.6.3 Manual charging .......................................................................................21
5.6.3.100 Hand charging ...........................................................21
5.6.4 Motor charging ..........................................................................................21
5.6.100Movement of the main circuit contacts ......................................................21
5.6.101Loss of stored energy................................................................................22
5.6.102Stored energy indication ...........................................................................22
5.6.103Mechanical operation of the open/close facility ......................................... 22
5.7 Independent manual operation..............................................................................22
5.7.100Incomplete open/close operation...............................................................22
5.7.101Operating handles for independent manually operated mechanisms ........ 22
5.7.102Dedicated operating handle ......................................................................22
5.7.103Dependent manual operation ....................................................................22
5.7.104Removal of handle ....................................................................................22
5.8 Operation of releases............................................................................................22
5.8.1 Shunt closing release ................................................................................22
5.8.2 Shunt opening release ..............................................................................23
5.8.100Stored energy operation ............................................................................23
5.8.101Loss or removal of operating control supply ..............................................23
5.9 Low and high-pressure interlocking and monitoring devices ................................. 23
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5.9.100Gas monitoring and indicators ...................................................................23

5.9.101Gas density gauge or indicator for all equipment other than CTs and
VTs ...........................................................................................................23
5.9.102Hydraulic/pneumatic pressure monitoring .................................................23
5.9.103Dual pressure systems ..............................................................................23
5.9.104Testing of pressure or density sensors ......................................................23
5.9.105Bursting discs & explosion vents ...............................................................24
5.10 Nameplates...........................................................................................................24
5.10.100 Labelling .....................................................................................24
5.10.101 Circuit labels ...............................................................................24
5.10.102 Safety labels ...............................................................................24
5.10.103 Additional labels .........................................................................24
5.10.104 Phase identification ....................................................................24
5.10.105 Mimic diagrams ..........................................................................26
5.11 Interlocking devices and padlocking facilities ........................................................26
5.11.100 Covers ........................................................................................26
5.11.101 Interlocking devices ....................................................................26
5.11.102 3-position device.........................................................................26
5.11.103 Padlocking facilities ....................................................................27
5.11.104 Manual operation of motor operated devices .............................. 27
5.11.105 Secondary isolation switch as part of the ‘locking off’
procedure..................................................................................................27
5.11.106 Software interlocking ..................................................................27
5.12 Position indication .................................................................................................27
5.12.100 Positively driven mechanical indication ....................................... 28
5.12.101 Visibility of on/off indicating device ............................................. 28
5.12.102 Metal-enclosed switchgear .........................................................28
5.13 Degrees of protection of enclosures ......................................................................28
5.13.1 Protection of persons against access to hazardous parts and
protection of the equipment against ingress of solid foreign objects .......... 28
5.13.2 Protection against ingress of water (IP coding) ......................................... 28
5.13.3 Protection of equipment against mechanical impact under normal
service conditions (IK coding) ...................................................................28
5.14 Creepage distances ..............................................................................................28
5.14.100 Pollution performance .................................................................28
5.15 Gas and vacuum tightness....................................................................................28
5.15.1 Controlled pressure systems for gas .........................................................29
5.15.2 Closed pressure systems for gas ..............................................................29
5.16 Liquid tightness .....................................................................................................29
5.17 Fire hazard (flammability)......................................................................................29
5.18 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) ....................................................................29
5.19 X-ray emission ......................................................................................................29
5.100 Ergonomics and access ........................................................................................29
5.101 Height for operation and inspection .......................................................................29
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5.102 Force for operation................................................................................................ 29

5.103 Direction of movement ..........................................................................................29
5.104 Single person operation ........................................................................................30
5.105 Mechanism cabinets for outdoor switchgear .........................................................30
5.106 Lifting points..........................................................................................................30
5.107 Surface preparation and coatings .........................................................................30
5.108 Clearances and personal reach ............................................................................30
5.109 Air Insulated bushings...........................................................................................30
5.110 Bushing gauges ....................................................................................................30
5.111 Bushing terminals .................................................................................................30
5.112 Moving parts .........................................................................................................30
5.113 Outdoor terminations 2000A and above ...............................................................31
5.114 Surface temperature .............................................................................................31
5.115 Expected operating life .........................................................................................31
6 Type tests ......................................................................................................................31
6.1 General .................................................................................................................31
6.1.1 Grouping of tests .......................................................................................32
6.2 Dielectric tests ......................................................................................................32
6.2.7 Tests of switchgear and control gear of Ur > 245 kV................................. 32
6.2.9 Partial discharge tests ...............................................................................32
6.2.10 Dielectric tests on auxiliary and control circuits ......................................... 32
6.2.11 Voltage test as condition check .................................................................32
6.3 Radio interference voltage (r.i.v.) ..........................................................................32
6.4 Measurement of the resistance of circuits .............................................................32
6.6 Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current tests ............................. 32
6.7 Verification of the protection ..................................................................................32
6.8 Tightness tests......................................................................................................32
6.9 Electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC) ............................................................32
6.10 Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits ....................................................33
6.10.1 General .....................................................................................................33
6.10.2 Functional tests .........................................................................................33
6.10.3 Electrical continuity of earthed metallic parts test ...................................... 33
6.11 X–Radiation test procedure for vacuum interrupters ............................................. 33
6.200 Solar radiation ......................................................................................................33
6.202 Reduced gas density withstands ..........................................................................33
6.203 Additional mechanical operation tests ..................................................................33
6.204 Manual operating cycles .......................................................................................33
6.205 Tests on composite bushings ...............................................................................34
7 Routine tests ..................................................................................................................34
8 Guide to the selection of switchgear and control gear ....................................................34
9 Information to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders ............................................ 34
10 Rules for transport, storage, installation, operation and maintenance ............................ 34
10.1 Conditions during transport, storage and installation ............................................. 34
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10.1.100 Bushing protection ......................................................................34

10.2 Installation ............................................................................................................34
10.100 Manufacturer’s handbook ..........................................................................34
10.100.1 Installation and maintenance ......................................................34
10.100.2 Information for operation.............................................................34
10.101 Risk assessment .......................................................................................35
10.102 Bay extensions ..........................................................................................35
10.103 Stable transportation .................................................................................35
11 Safety ............................................................................................................................35
12 Influence of the product on the environment ..................................................................35
13 Commissioning tests ......................................................................................................35
13.100 Schedule for site commissioning ...............................................................35
Annex A (normative) Summary of range, technical requirements and ratings for
. .....................................................................................................................................36
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Tables
Table 1 — Rated insulation levels ........................................................................................13
Table 2 — Rated normal current and rated short-time withstand current .............................. 13
Table 3 — Operating voltages ..............................................................................................14
Table 4 — Standard label requirements ...............................................................................25
Table 6 — Maximum allowable temperatures of touchable surfaces .................................... 31
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Foreword
This Technical Specification (TS) is published by the Energy Networks Association (ENA)
and comes into effect from date of publication. It has been prepared under the authority of
the ENA Engineering Policy and Standards Manager and has been approved for publication
by the ENA Electricity Networks and Futures Group (ENFG). The approved abbreviated title
of this engineering document is “ENA TS 41-37 Part 1”.
This document replaces and supersedes Technical Specification 41-37 Issue 1 2004.
This Technical Specification has been prepared by the Energy Networks Association.
ENA TS 41-37 is a suite of engineering documents that sets out ENA Member Company
requirements for specification of switchgear for use on 66 kV to 132 kV distribution systems.
ENA TS 41-37 is a multi-part document comprising of the following parts.
• Part 1 – Common clauses

• Part 2 – Gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear
• Part 3 – Alternating current circuit-breakers
• Part 4 – Disconnectors and earthing switches
• Part 5 – Inductive voltage transformers, capacitor voltage transformers, combined unit
transformers and current transformers for use on 72.5 kV to 145 kV distribution systems
• Part 6 – Disconnecting circuit breaker with an integral earthing switch for use at 72.5 kV
and 145 kV distribution systems
Switchgear covered by this Technical Specification shall conform to the latest issues of the
relevant International and British Standards listed. This Technical Specification amplifies
and/or clarifies the requirements of those Standards, where alternative arrangements are
permitted and where additional information is required.
This specification should be read in conjunction with the relevant International and British
Standards, and to assist in cross-reference, the document follows the format of the major
International Standards. Where possible, the International Standards’ clause numbers have
been used preceded with the number of the relevant part of this specification.
The Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 made under the Health and Safety at Work Act
1974, apply to switchgear whenever manufactured, purchased or installed. Appendix 2 of the
Memorandum of guidance on the Regulations lists Standards, Codes of Practice and other
publications which contain guidance relevant to the Regulations and electrical safety.
Part 1 of the document covers all common clause requirements of switchgear, as defined.
Clauses specific to particular equipments are covered in the subsequent Parts of the
document.
Annex A of the document provides a summary of range, technical requirements and ratings
for each type of equipment for completion by the Purchaser.
A ‘Self Certification Conformance Declaration’ sheet is included with Parts 2 to 5 to enable

the manufacturer to declare conformance or otherwise, clause by clause, with the
specification.
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1 General
IEC 62271-1 is the major normative Standard in this document and shall apply except where
modified. Part 1 of this specification amplifies and clarifies the requirements of IEC 62271-1
where alternative arrangements are specified by ENA and further information is necessary to
meet requirements of UK Distribution Network Operators.
1.1 Scope
This specification defines technical requirements for switchgear rated at voltages within the
range 72.5 kV to 145 kV and applies to alternating current switchgear, designed for indoor or
outdoor installation, cable or overhead conductor connected, and for operation at service
frequency of 50Hz on systems having voltages at 66 kV and up to and including 132 kV.
Equipment covered by this specification is for use on systems with the neutral point earthed
solidly, or effectively earthed through a resistor or reactor.
This specification presents the requirements which must be satisfied for all switchgear.
1.2 Normative references

The following referenced documents, in whole or part, are indispensable for the application of
this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Standards publications
IEC 60137, Insulated bushings for alternating voltages above 1 000 V
IEC 60417, Graphical symbols for use on equipment
IEC 60445, Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification
– Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors
IEC 60480, Guide to checking of SF6 taken from electrical plant
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)
IEC 60815, Guide for the selection of insulators in respect of polluted conditions
IEC 60947-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: General rules
IEC 61109, Insulators for overhead lines – Composite suspension and tension insulators for
a.c. systems with a nominal voltage greater than 1 000 V – Definitions, test methods and
acceptance criteria
IEC 61462, Composite hollow insulators - Pressurized and unpressurized insulators for use
in electrical equipment with rated voltage greater than 1 000 V - Definitions, test methods,
acceptance criteria and design recommendations
IEC 62271-1, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: Common specifications
IEC 62271-102, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 102: Alternating current
disconnectors and earthing switches
IEC 62271-203, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 203: Gas-insulated metal-
enclosed switchgear for rated voltages above 52 kV
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IEC 62271-303 High- voltage switchgear and control gear part 303 use and handling of
sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)
IEV 441, Switchgear, control gear and fuses
BS EN 50522 Earthing of power installations exceeding 1 kV
BSEN ISO 13732-1 Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with
surfaces. Hot surfaces
BS EN ISO 13732-1, Ergonomics of the thermal environment. Methods for the assessment of
human responses to contact with surfaces. Hot surfaces
BS 159, Specification for high-voltage busbars and busbar connections
BS 1710, Specification for identification of pipelines and services
BS 4781, Specification for pressure sensitive adhesive plastic labels for permanent use
BS 5499, Graphic symbols and signs - safety signs, including fire safety signs
Other publications
[N1] Statutory Instrument 1989 No. 635, The Electricity at Work Regulations 1989
[N2] Statutory Instrument 2007 No. 320, The Construction (Design and Management)
Regulations 2007
[N3] ENA TS 41-18, Partial discharge testing of bushings, capacitors, instrument

transformers and switchgear of rated voltage 7.2 - 420 kV inclusive
[N4] ENA TS 41-37 Part 3, Alternating current circuit-breakers
[N5] ENA TS 50-18, Design and application of Ancillary Electrical equipment
[N6] ENA TS 50-19, Specification for standard numbering for small wiring for switchgear and
transformers together with their associated relay and control panels
[N7] ENA TS 98-1, Environmental classification and corrosion protection of structures, plant
and equipment
2 Normal and special service conditions

Clause 2 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following additions.
2.1 Normal service conditions

2.1.1 Indoor switchgear and controlgear
Sub-clause 2.1.1 of IEC 62217-1 shall apply with the following addition.
a) The ambient air temperature does not exceed 40 ˚C and its average value, measured
over a period of 24 h, and does not exceed 35 ˚C. The minimum ambient air temperature
is –5 ˚C
2.1.2 Outdoor switchgear and control gear
Sub-clause 2.1.2 of IEC 62217-1 shall apply with the following additions.
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a) The ambient air temperature does not exceed 40 ˚C and its average value, measured
over a period of 24 h, and does not exceed 35°C. The minimum ambient air temperature
is –25 ˚C
b) Ice coating shall be 10 mm
2.2 Special service conditions
2.2.1 Altitude
Sub-clause 2.2.1 of IEC 62271-1 does not apply.
2.2.2 Pollution
Sub-clause 2.2.2 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
2.2.3 Temperature and humidity

2.2.4 Vibrations , shock or tilting

2.2.5 Wind speed

Sub-clause 2.2.5 in IEC 62271-1 does not apply.
2.2.6 Other parameters

Sub-clause 2.2.6 in IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
2.2.100 Flood resilience
The supplier shall declare the maximum depth of water, measured from the base of the
equipment.(Including transformers, marshalling Kiosks, relay cabinets etc)
a) at which full functionality is retained.
b) at which , if the equipment is de-energised prior to the flooding, it can immediately be

returned to service with full functionality, once the water depth is at the base of the
equipment level, with no intervention necessary.
The supplier shall clearly define in the installation, commissioning and maintenance
documents for the equipment any special installation measures which are required to
achieve the above declared depths.
3 Terms and definitions

Clauses 3 to 3.7.4 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following additional
definitions.
3.100
dependent manual operation
operation solely by means of directly applied manual energy, such that the speed and force
of the operation are dependent upon the action of the operator
[IEV 441-16-13 definition]

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3.101
independent manual operation (of a mechanical switching device)
stored energy operation where the energy originates from manual power, stored and
released in one continuous operation, such that the speed and force of the operation are
independent of the action of the operator
[IEV 441-16-16 definition]
3.102
independent power operation (of a mechanical switching device)
stored energy operation by means of power source other than manual, stored and released
in one continuous operation, such that the speed and force of the operation are independent
of the action of the power source
NOTE: This kind of operation may be by an actuator fitted to an independent manual

mechanism.
3.103
anti-pumping device
device which prevents reclosing after a close-open operation, as long as the device initiating
the closing is maintained in the position for closing
3.104
operations
3.104.1 normal operation
when equipment is operated as intended using the manual handle (as supplied by the
manufacturer), control switches, and interlock keys
NOTE: Normal operations includes switching, cable testing, LV isolation, but excludes
maintenance.
3.104.2 emergency operation

when equipment is not operated as normally intended
NOTE: An example of an emergency operation is using the manual handle (as supplied by
the manufacturer) for motorise equipment, whilst power operation is not available.
3.104.3 safety padlocking

application of an approved padlock to a point of isolation, such that the isolation distances
cannot be compromised without authorisation
3.104.4 operational padlocking

application of an approved padlock to prevent operation of switching devices other than
those requiring safety padlocking
Note Unless otherwise stated, where padlocking facilities are required by this Specification,
it shall be possible to meet all such requirements by means of a padlock with 41mm square
body and with a 4mm to 7mm diameter shackle having a clear inside width of 21mm and an
inside length of 16mm to 45mm. The holes provided for the shackle shall not be less than 8
mm diameter.
3.105
Additional Earths
earthing equipment not forming an integral part of the switchgear but for which provision is
made in the design
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3.106
Point of Isolation
isolating device locked in the open position
4 Ratings
Clause 4 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the additions and exceptions detailed in the
following sub-clauses.
4.1 Rated voltage (Ur)

The values of rated voltage, selected from range 1 series 1 in Clause 4.1.1 of IEC 62271-1
shall be 72.5 kV and 145 kV.
4.1.1 Range 1 for rated voltages of 245 kV and below

4.1.2 Range II, for rated voltages above 245 kV

Sub-clause 4.1.2 of IEC 62271-1 is not applicable.
4.2 Rated insulation level (Up)

Sub-clause 4.2 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following addition.
a) The rated insulation levels shall be as follows in Table 1.
Table 1 — Rated insulation levels

Rated voltage Rated short-duration power- Rated lightning impulse withstand
Ur frequency withstand voltage voltage
kV (r.m.s.value) Ud Up
kV (r.m.s. value) kV (peak value)
Common value Across the Common value Across the
isolating isolating
distance distance
72.5 140 160 325 375
145 275 315 650 750
4.3 Rated frequency (fr)

The rated frequency shall be 50 Hz.
4.4 Rated normal current and temperature rise

4.4.1 Rated normal current (Ir)
The values of rated normal current shall be selected from Table 2 of this specification.
Table 2 — Rated normal current and rated short-time withstand current

Rated Voltage Rated normal current Rated short-time withstand
Ur Ir current
kV A Ik
kA
72.5/145 1 250 2 000 2 500 3 150 25 31.5 40
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4.4.2 Temperature rise

4.5 Rated short-time withstand current (Ik)

The values of rated short-time withstand current shall be selected from Table 2 of this
specification.
NOTE: The values of short-time rated current are the same for single phase and for three-phase.
4.6 Rated peak withstand current (Ip)
Sub-clause 4.6 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
4.7 Rated duration of short-circuit (tk)

The value of rated duration of short-circuit shall be 3 s.
4.8 Rated supply voltage of closing and opening devices and of auxiliary and control
circuits (Ua)
4.8.1 General
Sub-clause 4.8.1 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following additions
4.8.2 Rated supply voltage of closing and opening devices and of auxiliary and control
circuits.
Switchgear shall be capable of all normal operations without any effect affecting its rated
performance , within the voltage ranges specified in Table
Table 3 — Operating voltages

Nominal Criteria for rated Closing and opening releases and Other
voltage supply voltage operating devices operating
V operating range devices
Close volts Open volts Volts
V V V
110 Maximum operating 137.5 137.5 137.5
voltage (max. battery
charging voltage)
Minimum operating 87.5 77 87.5
voltage (NOTE 1) (NOTE 2)
48 Maximum operating 60 60 60
voltage (max. battery
charging voltage)
Minimum operating 38.2 37.5 37.5
voltage
NOTE 1: 80% of nominal voltage
NOTE 2: 70% of nominal voltage
The number and capacity of cells in batteries, other than lead acid type, e.g. nickel cadmium,
shall ensure reasonable compliance with the voltage limits shown in the Table.3.
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4.8.3 Tolerances
Sub-clause 4.8.3 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following modification
The voltage at which switchgear and control equipment should function is to cater for the
boost voltage of the substation battery supplies, particularly the voltage to boost the supply
(110% of 125 V).
a) The tolerances for d.c. voltages shall be as stated in Table 3.
4.8.4 Ripple voltage
Sub-clauses 4.8.4 and 4.8.5 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
4.9 Rated supply frequency of closing and opening devices and of auxiliary circuits
The rated supply frequency shall be d.c. or 50Hz as appropriate
4.10 Rated pressure of compressed gas supply for controlled pressure systems
Sub-clauses 4.10 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
4.11 Rated filling levels for insulation and/or operation
Sub-clauses 4.11 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply
4.12 Controlled pressure systems
Controlled pressure systems shall not apply
5 Design and construction

Equipment shall be in accordance with the Construction (Design and Management 2007)
Regulations (CDM Regulations) [N2], particularly how the risks to health and safety during
construction, operation, maintenance and dismantling will be controlled.
These Regulations apply to all switchgear supplied within, or supplied into, the EU and they
impose a mandatory duty on ‘designers’ (which includes manufacturers) to provide safe
means of working during the life of the asset by a consideration of safety at the design stage.
Clause 5 of IEC 62271-1 and IEC 62271-203 shall apply with the additions and exceptions of
the following sub-clauses.
5.1 Requirement for liquids in switchgear and control gear

5.1.1 Liquid level

a) Hydraulically operated mechanisms shall be provided with a low oil level alarm in the oil
reservoir.
5.1.2 Liquid quality
5.2 Requirements for gases in switchgear and control gear

Sub-clause 5.2 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following additional sub-clauses.
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5.2.100 Gas in hydraulic system

Where a hydraulic system utilises a compressed gas for energy storage, the pre-charged
pressure related to the ambient temperature at the time of pre-charge, shall be sufficient to
prevent the initiation of a low gas alarm under normal operating conditions when the ambient
temperature falls to the minimum specified in this specification.
5.2.101 Excessive running time alarm

A replenishment system excessive running time alarm shall be fitted.
5.2.102 Reduced gas density withstand

The supplier shall confirm whether the device can withstand twice the rated phase to earth
voltage applied across the open gap at or less than the atmospheric pressure at 20 °C.
5.2.103 Gas filling valve

Where self-sealing gas filling valves are provided these shall be compatible with DILO
company type PN64 or DN8 valves.
The gas service connection for each gas zone shall be readily accessible without the use of
special access equipment. A schematic diagram shall be provided showing the gas zones
within a bay and their relationship to the primary plant of that circuit or bus bar section.
5.2.103.1 Lockable gas service valves

Lockable gas service valves shall be provided at each filling point. Alternatively, where self-
sealing valves are fitted directly to the enclosures, a lockable cover to prevent unauthorised
access to the valve shall be provided.
5.2.103.2 Valve padlocking

Valves and/or covers shall be lockable by means of an approved padlock, as described in
Clause 3.104.4 .
5.2.104 Identification of pipe-work

Fixed gas and hydraulic pipe-work shall be identified in accordance with BS 1710.
5.2.105 Recycled sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)

The switchgear shall be able to accommodate recycled SF6 gas in accordance with IEC
60480.
5.2.106 SF6 labelling of gas zones

All zones shall be labelled to indicate the pressure and mass of gas in that zone.
5.2.107 Sealed for life compartments

In sealed for life compartments where a gas filling valve is unnecessary, a suitable means
shall be provided to enable the gas to be recovered in a controlled manner at end of life and
the means shall be stated in the handbook.
5.3 Earthing of switchgear and control gear

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5.3.201 Earthing conductors

Earthing conductors and connections to them, for outdoor switchgear (overhead conductor
connected), shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of.BS EN 50522
5.3.202 Cable sheath earth
Where main cables are to be connected, two terminals for connecting to the earthing
conductor shall be provided to earth the cable sheath.
5.203 Earthing of relay and instrument metallic case

Specific means shall be provided for earthing, e.g. the fortuitous use of assembly bolts is not
permitted.
5.3.204 Additional earths

Additional earths shall be provided where these are required to permit maintenance and/or
testing.
NOTE: The principal applications of additional earths are to allow an earthing switch that would normally be the
point of earthing, to be itself maintained and to earth cable sealing ends with the isolation link removed.
5.3.202 Earthing of compartments and enclosures
Facilities shall be provided to bond all compartments and enclosures to the main substation
earth via the earthing conductor. The method of bonding shall be capable of withstanding the
rated short-time current, Ik
5.4 Auxiliary and control equipment

5.4.1 Enclosures
5.4.1.1 General
Sub-clauses 5.4.1.1 and 5.4.1.2 of IEC 62271-1 and Sub-clause 6.2 of ENA TS 50-18 [N5]
shall apply.
5.4.1.3 Degrees of protection

Sub clause 5.4.1.3 of IEC 62271-1 and Sub-clause 6.2.2 of ENA TS 50-18 [N5] shall apply.
5.4.1.4 Secondary wiring identification

At the interface between switchgear and protection and control gear, wiring and ancillary
electrical equipment shall be identified in accordance with ENA TS 50-19 [N6].
All wiring shall be readily identified for the purpose of tracing through the equipment.
5.4.2 Protection against electric shock

Sub-clauses 5.4.2.1 and 5.4.2.2 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
5.4.2.2.100 Local control point

The local control point shall be readily accessible from ground (floor)/fixed access level and
the position indication of that equipment shall be clearly viewable from that point.
5.4.3 Fire hazard

5.4.3.1 General
Sub-clauses 5.4.3.1 to 5.4.3.3 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
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5.4.4 Components installed in enclosures

Sub-clause 5.4.4 of IEC 62271-1 and Sub-clause 6.6 of ENA TS 50-18 [N5] are applicable
with the following additions.
5.4.4.1 Selection of components

5.4.4.1 to 5.4.4.3 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
5.4.4.4 Identification
Sub clause 5.4.4.4 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following additional sub-clauses.
5.4.4.4.100 Identifying conductors by colours

The requirements of IEC 60445 shall apply to protective conductors, and the bi-colour
combination green-and-yellow earth wire, shall not be used for any other function. The single
colours green and yellow shall only be used where there is no risk of confusion with
protective conductors.
Where a.c. auxiliary conductors are used:
• identification by colour may be used;

• the colours shall be in accordance with IEC 60445 ;
• the colours brown and blue shall not be used for any other function;
• the colours black and grey shall only be used for other functions provided that they are
not also used to identify a.c. auxiliary power conductors.
Conductors for a.c. measurement circuits, e.g. supplied by current or voltage transformers,
may be identified using the colours brown, black, and grey and blue in accordance with IEC
60446, but only if a.c. auxiliary power conductors are also identified in the same way.
5.4.4.4.101 Interface wiring

At the interface between switchgear and protection and control gear, wiring and ancillary
electrical equipment shall be identified in accordance with ENA TS 50-18 [N5].
5.4.4.4.102 Internal wiring

All internal wiring shall be readily identified for the purpose of tracing through the equipment.
End marking shall be in accordance with Sub-clause 6.8 of ENA TS 50-18 [N5]. Internal
wiring (wiring produced in the factory) shall all be the same colour, with the exception for
earth cables, which shall be green-and-yellow.
5.4.4.5 Requirements for auxiliary and control circuit components

Sub-clause 5.4.4 5 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
5.4.4.5.1 Cables and small wiring

Cables and small wiring shall comply with Sub-clause 5.4.4.5.1 of IEC 62271-1 and Sub
clause 7.1 ENA TS 50-18 [N5] with the following additional sub-clauses.
5.4.4.5.1.102 Wiring looms

The practice of doubling-back/folding wires on themselves, in a trough, to absorb slack is not
acceptable.
5.4.4.5.1.103 Interchangeable units

Small wiring on physically interchangeable units shall be electrically identical.
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5.4.4.5.1.104 Securing of secondary wiring

All wiring shall be routed and fixed such that it does not interfere with moving parts.
5.4.4.5.1.105 When nominal voltage exceeds 125 V

Where the nominal voltage of any circuit exceeds 125 V, the wiring shall conform to ENA TS
50-18 [N5] regarding segregation from other wiring and shrouding of related terminals.
5.4.4.5.1.106 Insulation shrink back

Terminations of ancillary electrical equipment and of terminal internal/external blocks shall
not have exposure of conductors due to ‘shrink back’ of insulation.
5.4.4.5.2 Terminals and terminal blocks

Terminals shall comply with Sub-clause 5.4.4.5.2 of IEC 62271-1 and Sub-clause 7.2.1 of
ENA TS 50-18 [N5] with the following additional sub-clauses.
5.4.4.5.2.100 Cable terminations

Where cables are terminated by means of crimped terminations, then suitable multi-stranded
conductors shall be used. However, the minimum diameter of stranded conductor used for
hand-made crimped terminations shall be 0.5 mm. Where finer strands are employed,
machine-made crimps shall be applied.
5.4.4.5.2.101 Terminal blocks for current transformer (CT) and voltage transformer
(VT) circuits
Sub-clause 7 .2.1 ENA TS 50-18 [N5] shall apply with the following additional sub-clauses.
5.4.4.5.2.102 Terminals on auxiliary switches

Sub-clause 72.1 ENA TS 50-18 [N5] shall apply.
5.4.4.5.2.103 Terminal blocks for shorting CTs

Provision shall be provided for temporary shorting of the terminal blocks that carry CT
secondary wiring.
The integrity of the shorting, and of open circuit of the CT circuits shall be easily established
by visual inspection.
5.4.4.5.2.104 Multi-terminal secondary wiring plugs and sockets

Sub-clause 7.3 ENA TS 50-18 [N5] shall apply.
5.4.4.5.2.105 Electrical and mechanical durability

Account should be taken of the required reliability, particularly where terminal blocks form
connections, which may be frequently broken during the commissioning and routine testing
of associated apparatus.
The conductor termination shall satisfy the electrical requirements for the terminal block or
sub-component item to which it is attached.
Terminals and associated blocks shall be suitable for at least 50 disconnections and re-
connections without reduction in electrical or mechanical performance.
5.4.4.5.3 Auxiliary switches

Sub-clause 5.4.4 5.3 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following addition.
a) Auxiliary switches shall be Class 1 in accordance with Table 6 of IEC 62271-1.

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5.4.4.5.4 Auxiliary and control contacts

Sub-clauses 5.4.4.5.4 to 5.4.4.5.11 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
5.4.4.5.100 Control selector switches

Clause 9 of ENA TS 50-18 [N5] shall apply.
5.4.4.5.101 SCADA
For each power-operated switching device there shall be the option for the unit to be
equipped with a local/remote control selector switch and SCADA indication of the open/close
position of this switch.
5.4.4.5.102 Micro switches

All micro switches shall conform to IEC 60947-1.
5.4.4.5.103 Mechanical security of micro switches

Wiring to micro switches shall be effectively secured to prevent inadvertent movement of the
micro switch settings.
5.4.4.5.104 Fuses and links

Sub-clause 8.1 in ENA TS 50-18 [N5] shall apply.
5.4.4.5.105 Miniature circuit breakers

5.4.4.5.106 Supply isolation

5.5 Dependant power operation

Sub-clause 5.5 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following additions and sub-clause.
a) Equipment operating mechanisms shall incorporate selector arrangements to minimise

the possibility of incorrect operation. The following principles shall apply.
i. Movements necessary to achieve a specific operation shall be clearly indicated.
ii. While a specific operation is selected, interlocking schemes shall allow valid
operations, all other operations shall be inhibited.
iii. Equipment position shall be indicated and specific to particular switching devices.
b) The switching device contacts shall be positively driven in both directions.
5.5.100 Slow operation devices
If maintenance of the switching device requires slow operation, the facility provided shall be
separate and distinct from that associated with normal operation.
Any separate components associated with maintenance, slow operation shall be labelled
‘FOR MAINTENANCE PURPOSES ONLY’.
5.6 Stored energy operation

Sub-clause 5.6 of IEC 62271-1 and items a) and b) in Sub-clause 5.5 of this document, shall
apply with the following additions and sub-clauses.
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a) No movement of the main contacts is permissible before the release of stored energy.
However, in the case of earthing switches, such movement is permissible provided that
the contact movement shall not reduce any electrically stressed gap to below that which
will withstand the rated insulation levels specified.
b) For manual operation it shall only be possible to operate a mechanism by using a
dedicated operating handle applied in the correct manner.
5.6.1 Energy stored in gas receivers or hydraulic accumulators
Sub clause 5.6.1 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
5.6.2 Energy stored in springs or weights

Sub clause 5.6.2 of IEC 62271-1, shall apply with the following additional sub-clauses.
5.6.2.100 Unambiguous indication of spring state

Mechanisms incorporating springs for energy storage shall be provided with an unambiguous
indication of spring state (charged or discharged). The inscriptions shall be in accordance
with Table 4.
5.6.2.101 Charge/discharge facilities.

Facilities shall be provided to allow stored energy systems to be charged and discharged
without causing damage to the primary equipment.
This does not apply to springs directly connected to moving contacts as is the case of an
opening spring.
5.6.3 Manual charging

Sub clause 5.6.3 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following additional sub-clauses.
5.6.3.100 Hand charging

Stored energy mechanisms shall be provided with means for charging the springs safely by
hand. Hand charging shall not endanger the operator.
The maximum and minimum allowable handle heights from the operating platform for a hand
charging operation shall be 1 850 mm and 300 mm respectively.
5.6.4 Motor charging

5.6.100 Movement of the main circuit contacts

No movement of the main circuit contacts or any other parts of the switchgear shall
compromise any electrically stressed gap except in the designed manner, e.g. closure of
main contact gap is permissible before the release of stored energy.
For manual operation it shall only be possible to operate a mechanism by using a dedicated
operating handle applied in the correct manner.
Clear indication shall be given of the direction of motion of an operating handle to complete
the operation.
When not in use, any spring charging handle shall occupy a stowed position where it shall
not cause any obstruction. If the design is such that the handle is lifted into the engaged
position prior to operation, it shall be possible to release it again and return it to the stowed
position without moving the contacts of the switching device.
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5.6.101 Loss of stored energy

The loss of stored energy shall not cause a change of main circuit contact position.
5.6.102 Stored energy indication

Local indication that the stored energy level is correct shall be provided.
5.6.103 Mechanical operation of the open/close facility

A mechanical open/close facility shall be provided. This facility shall be lockable or normally
inaccessible.
5.7 Independent manual operation

Sub-clause 5.7 of IEC 62271-1 and Sub-clause 5.6 of this document, are applicable with the
following additional sub-clauses.
5.7.100 Incomplete open/close operation

If an incomplete operation occurs during a normal open or close cycle, no residual energy
shall remain in the operating mechanism.
5.7.101 Operating handles for independent manually operated mechanisms

Operating handles for independent manually operated mechanisms shall be of the ‘anti-
reflex’ type incorporating a delay between closing and opening as detailed in Sub-clause 5.7
of IEC 62271-1. This time delay shall be not less than 3 s.
5.7.102 Dedicated operating handle

For manual operation it shall only be possible to operate a mechanism by using a dedicated
operating handle applied in the correct manner. Clear indication shall be given of the
direction of motion of an operating handle to complete the operation. When not in use it shall
not cause any obstruction.
5.7.103 Dependent manual operation

Sub-clause 5.7.101 shall apply with the addition of Sub-clause 5.7.104.
5.7.104 Removal of handle

It shall not be possible to remove an operating handle from a dependent manual operating
mechanism unless an ‘OPEN’ or ‘CLOSE’ operation is completed.
5.8 Operation of releases

Sub-clause 5.8 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following additions and sub-clauses.
a) Stored energy operation mechanisms shall be fitted with a local manual release for
opening and closing operations. Provision shall be made for electrical operation from
outside the switch room/ substation. In such cases precautions shall be taken to prevent
transfer of earth potential.
b) No movement of the spring charging handle shall occur as a result of the release of
spring energy to operate the mechanism.
5.8.1 Shunt closing release
Sub-clause 5.8.1 of IEC 62271-1 is not applicable. The voltage limits stated in Table 3 shall
apply.
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5.8.2 Shunt opening release

Sub clause 5.8.2 of IEC 62271-1 is not applicable. The voltage limits stated in Table 3 shall
apply.
5.8.100 Stored energy operation

Stored energy operation mechanisms shall be fitted with a local manual release for opening
and closing operations. In addition, when required, a facility to trip only shall be provided, e.g.
customer trip.
5.8.101 Loss or removal of operating control supply

Loss of the d.c. operating supply shall inhibit closing circuits, and reset all latched circuits.
5.9 Low and high-pressure interlocking and monitoring devices

Sub clause 5.9 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following additional sub-clauses.
5.9.100 Gas monitoring and indicators

Closed pressure systems filled with gas for insulation, operation or interruption shall be
provided with a two-stage pressure/density indication.
5.9.101 Gas density gauge or indicator for all equipment other than CTs and VTs
The gas density or temperature compensated gas pressure in each compartment shall be
continuously monitored and indicated locally.
The monitoring device shall provide at least two sets of alarms levels for pressure or density
(alarm and minimum functional pressure or density). A means of checking initiation of the
‘falling’ and ‘low’ density alarms without reducing the pressure in the main circuit
compartment shall be provided. This shall be achieved in such a way that operation of as
much of the alarm circuit as is reasonably practical is confirmed.
5.9.102 Hydraulic/pneumatic pressure monitoring

Hydraulic/pneumatic equipment shall be fitted with a pressure switch which has sufficient
contacts to provide low pressure alarm, forced trip or trip/close prevention as required.
5.9.103 Dual pressure systems

Leakage from high pressure compartments into adjacent lower pressure compartments shall
not result in hazardous over-pressurisation of the lower pressure compartments prior to
initiation of an over-pressure alarm condition. If no dedicated high pressure alarm is fitted to
the lower pressure compartments they shall safely withstand the full working pressure of the
higher pressure compartment indefinitely and without degradation of performance.
Note: Reliance solely on the low pressure alarm of high pressure compartments for detection of potentially
dangerous over-pressurisation is unacceptable since it is foreseeable that these compartments may be topped up
without checking for over-pressure of the adjacent compartments.
5.9.104 Testing of pressure or density sensors
The manufacturer shall provide a means of testing the alarm or indicating contacts on low or
high pressure or density monitoring device, without reducing/ raising the gas pressure in the
compartment being monitored.
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5.9.105 Bursting discs & explosion vents

Bursting discs and explosion vents shall be installed so as exhaust gases are directed away
from the normal local operating position of the switchgear and as far as reasonable
practicable, not into access corridors.
5.10 Nameplates
5.10.100 Labelling
Labels shall be durable non-fading and, apart from circuit labels, permanently attached to the
equipment (pressure sensitive labels conforming to BS 4781 Parts 1 and 2 are considered
permanent).
Any inscriptions on the apparatus itself shall contrast with the background.
5.10.101 Circuit labels

Provision shall be made for the application of circuit labels on all switchgear and associated
control cubicles. These labels shall be fitted to non-removable components, at the front and
rear of the equipment.
The circuit label shall be positioned adjacent to the controls and be clearly legible from the
operating position.
All circuit labels shall be securely fastened, but able to be changed.
5.10.102 Safety labels

All safety warning signs shall conform to BS 5499.
5.10.103 Additional labels

Additional labelling requirements, specific to particular switching devices, are covered in the
relevant parts of this specification, and are detailed in Table 4.
5.10.104 Phase identification

The phasing of all primary terminals shall be indelibly marked on the main structure adjacent
to the terminals. The marking shall not be on removable covers.
The standard phase markings are L1, L2 and L3 and the convention to be used is that the
right hand terminal, when viewed from the rear of the equipment, shall be the L1 phase. This
convention fulfils the requirements of IEC 60445.
When equipment has double terminals, terminal numbers are U1 U2, V1 V2, W1 W2 in
accordance with IEC 60445.
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Table 4 — Standard label requirements
Function Inscription Background Letter colour

colour
Position indication for: “ON/OFF” function
Circuit breaker, I (as per symbol 5007-a of IEC 60417) or Signal red White
disconnector, ON.
O (as per symbol 5008-a of IEC 60417) or Grass green White

OFF
or earthing switch I or ON shall not be used for earthing switch Lemon yellow Black
closed position indications, as per symbol
5017 of IEC 60417 or EARTH ON
Identification of MAIN CIRCUIT SWITCH White Black

switch, disconnector,
or earthing switch. CIRCUIT EARTHING SWITCH Lemon yellow Black
(see relevant parts of
this Specification for
additional BUS BAR EARTHING SWITCH Lemon yellow Black
requirements)
BUS BAR DISCONNECTOR White Black
CIRCUIT DISCONNECTOR White Black
Operation push Close: I (as per symbol 5007-a of IEC Black White
buttons 60417)
Open: O (as per symbol 5008-a of IEC Signal red White

60417)
Operating mechanism SPRING CHARGED White Signal red

spring state
SPRING DISCHARGED White Black
Circuit labels as required White Black

Instruction labels as required (Note 1 & 2) White Black
NOTE 1: For Instruction labels, e.g. direction of handle movement, symbols ‘O’, ‘I’ and as per IEC 60417 are preferred to
the use of words.
NOTE 2: Instruction labels for earthing operations should be black on lemon yellow.
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5.10.105 Mimic diagrams

The position of all the main components, VTs, CTs, disconnectors, earthing switches etc.
shall be included on any mimic diagrams attached to the switchgear.
5.11 Interlocking devices and padlocking facilities

5.11.100 Covers
During normal operation of the switchgear it shall not be possible to remove any covers
forming part of an interlocking or padlocking facility.
5.11.101 Interlocking devices

Interlocking may be provided for safety or operational purposes.
Safety interlocking is designed to prevent danger to operators and/or damage to the

equipment being operated.
Operational interlocking is designed to limit operations for reasons other than safety.
Interlocking schemes shall:
a) prevent any operation that may result in danger/damage (safety interlocking) or

compromise the integrity of the network (operational interlocking);
b) allow an operation or sequence of operations to enable the equipment to perform its
intended function(s).
Safety interlocking schemes shall be bi-directional, i.e. they shall be in force for operating
sequences in both forward and reverse directions.
Interlocks shall be mechanical, key, electro-mechanical or electrical, and when manually

operated, they shall be provided with labels which are readily visible and which contain clear
concise instructions for operation.
5.11.102 3-position device

The 3-position device may combine as a single device sharing a moving part either, a
disconnector and earthing switch when used in a fixed circuit breaker or (main) switch and
earthing switch when used in the ring switch of a ring main unit. The 3-position device shall
prevent:
a) the disconnector or (main) switch from being operated unless the associated earthing
switch is open;
b) the earthing switch from being operated unless the disconnector or (main) switch is open;
c) inadvertent operation from disconnector or (main) switch closed to earthing switch;
closed in a single operation;
d) Inadvertent operation from earthing switch closed to disconnector or (main) switch;
closed in a single operation;
Where the motorised disconnector is not fully interlocked, access in an emergency to the
manual operation shall be inhibited by a bolted cover (requiring the use of a tool to remove)
over the manual drive.
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5.11.103 Padlocking facilities

It shall be possible to meet all padlocking requirements by means of an approved padlock as
described in Clause 3.104.4.
Padlocking facilities, each requiring the use of a single padlock without additional loose
devices, shall be provided as follows.
a) In order to establish a point of isolation (POI), any disconnector shall be able to be

padlocked open.
NOTE: The padlock securing the POI must remain undisturbed whilst other operational work (earthing or testing)
is being carried out.
b) Circuit and bus bar earthing switches shall be capable of being locked open
independently of associated disconnector or switch-disconnector to prevent the earth
being applied.
c) An earthing switch, or a circuit breaker which is used to apply an earth to a circuit, shall
be capable of being locked closed.
d) A removable star point to providing cable test access, padlockable to prevent the earth
being removed.
Where a switching device being padlocked has both electrical and mechanical operation, it is
preferred that a single padlock should prevent both electrical and mechanical operation.
Where 2 padlocks are required to secure the POI, they shall be labelled with a black padlock
symbol marked ‘POI 1/2' and ‘POI 2/2’ respectively in background of contrasting colour.
Where electrical and/or electro-mechanical components are used to prevent operation of a

switching device, the risk of the padlocked device being operated shall be reduced to an
acceptable level by Failure Mode Analysis.
NOTE: Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) was one of the first systematic failure
analysis methods adopted by engineering It involves reviewing as many components,
assemblies, and subsystems as possible to identify failure modes, and their causes and
effects. For each component, the failure modes and their resulting effects on the rest of the
system are recorded in a specific FMEA worksheet.
It shall not be possible to remove a cover/facia without first removing all padlocks on that
cover/facia.
5.11.104 Manual operation of motor operated devices

Manual operation of normally motor operated devices shall only be possible if the normal
interlocking systems are fully operational during the manual operation.
5.11.105 Secondary isolation switch as part of the ‘locking off’ procedure

Provision shall be made to include a two pole secondary isolation switch in the motor circuit
which can be padlocked in the open position. This isolation switch shall be inserted into the
circuit at the terminals of the motor, in order to eliminate the chance of ‘sneak circuits’.
5.11.106 Software interlocking

Software interlocking is not acceptable
5.12 Position indication

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5.12.100 Positively driven mechanical indication

All switching devices shall be fitted with positively driven mechanical indication of the
operating position of the main circuit contacts. The drive shall be from the output side of the
mechanism and as near as possible to the main circuit contacts. The indicators shall be
inscribed in accordance with Table 4.
The indicator shall give an unambiguous indication of the position of the main circuit contacts
and should not be wholly visible until the operation is completed.
5.12.101 Visibility of on/off indicating device

If the on/off indicating device is in a cabinet it shall be visible with the doors of the cabinet
closed.
5.12.102 Metal-enclosed switchgear

For metal-enclosed switchgear, the indication shall be a reliable visual position-indicating
device in accordance with Sub-clause 5.104.3 of IEC 62271-102.
5.13 Degrees of protection of enclosures

Sub-clause 5.13 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following addition.
5.13.1 Protection of persons against access to hazardous parts and protection of the
equipment against ingress of solid foreign objects
The degree of protection, as per IEC 62271-1 provided by the enclosure against access by
persons to hazardous parts and protection of the equipment against ingress of solid foreign
objects shall be not less than IP3X for indoor equipment and IP3XD for outdoor equipment.
In addition, the design of equipment shall be such that their normal operation will not present
any possibility of contact with a moving mechanism or other possible cause of accidental
injury and shall be not less than IP2X.
5.13.2 Protection against ingress of water (IP coding)

Equipment for outdoor installation shall be provided with additional protection features.
Protection against rain and other weather conditions and shall be specified by means of
the supplementary letter W.
5.13.3 Protection of equipment against mechanical impact under normal service
conditions (IK coding)
The following sections of Sub clause 5.13.3 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
a) Sub-clause 5.13.3 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply and a minimum impact level IK07 for indoor
equipment shall apply.
b) A minimum impact level IK10 for outdoor equipment shall apply.
5.14 Creepage distances
Sub-clause 5.14 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following additional sub-clause.
5.14.100 Pollution performance

The minimum pollution performance level shall be class III in accordance with IEC 60815.
5.15 Gas and vacuum tightness

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5.15.1 Controlled pressure systems for gas

5.15.2 Closed pressure systems for gas

Sub-clause 5.15.2 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following amendment.
a) The leakage rate, Frel, of the gas of a closed pressure system shall be such that it shall
not require replenishment during its expected minimum operating life of 30 years and in
any case the leakage rate shall not exceed 0.5% per year at 20 °C.
5.16 Liquid tightness
Sub-clause 5.16 of IEC 62271-203 and IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
5.17 Fire hazard (flammability)

Sub-clause 5.17 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply
5.18 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

5.19 X-ray emission

Sub-clause 5.19 of IEC 62271-1 shall not apply
5.20 Corrosion

5.100 Ergonomics and access
Equipment shall be designed and constructed to ensure that all normal operation, inspection,
and maintenance activities (including locking off points and secondary isolation) shall be
carried out safely, taking into account ergonomic principles of height, force, direction of
movement, location etc.
Safe working access shall be provided to all areas of the equipment where commissioning,
operation or maintenance activities are to be carried out.
To comply with the CDM Regulations [N2] the designers of switchgear have a responsibility
to ensure that the equipment can be safely operated.
It should be noted that conformance with the following sub-clauses will not automatically
ensure that equipment can be safely operated. A full assessment shall take account of the
interaction between height, force, direction of movement, location etc. for the normal
operation.
5.101 Height for operation and inspection

Normal operation, emergency operation or inspection (by an operator standing at the normal
operating position of ground level or operating platform) shall not reach above 1 850 mm or
below 300 mm.
5.102 Force for operation

The force required by an operator to manually operate a device shall not exceed 250 N at the
handle's normal holding point.
5.103 Direction of movement

The preferred directions of movement of handles for manual operation are as follows.
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a) Down or clockwise for closing to ON.

b) Up or anticlockwise for opening to OFF.
Location of operation
All operations of switching devices shall be from the front of the equipment.
5.104 Single person operation

Equipment shall be designed and constructed such that all normal operations can be
performed by one person.
5.105 Mechanism cabinets for outdoor switchgear

The operating mechanism, control, and monitoring equipment including any gas filling
facilities, shall be accommodated adjacent to the switchgear
The door latch mechanism shall be padlockable using an approved padlock as described in
Clause 3.104.3 and shall be designed so that the specific IP rating is maintained.
5.106 Lifting points

Each complete transportable assembly shall be provided with suitable and sufficient lifting
facilities. The installation manual shall show the lifting points on the equipment. These lifting
points shall be marked to indicate its maximum weight, in kg, when fully equipped and show
the correct method of lifting.
5.107 Surface preparation and coatings

Surface preparation and coating systems shall conform to the requirements of ENA TS 98-1.
Material finish other than paint systems shall have a performance equal or better than ENA
TS 98-1 [N7].
5.108 Clearances and personal reach

Safety distances shall be equal to electrical clearance plus 300 mm.
Personal reach is fixed at 2.25 m.

NOTE: Personal reach value is based upon anthropometric data consistent with IEC 61936-1.
Insulation height is equal to personal reach plus 300mm, i.e. 2.55 m.
Clearances around the insulator are additive.
5.109 Air Insulated bushings

Air insulated bushings shall conform to IEC 60137, IEC 60815, and IEC 61462.
5.110 Bushing gauges

Where liquid-filled bushings are used, a gauge shall be provided and located so as to give a
reliable indication viewed from ground level.
5.111 Bushing terminals

Bushings shall be provided with plain unthreaded terminal stems.
5.112 Moving parts

Reasonably foreseeable movement of parts of the switchgear shall not compromise any
electrically stressed gap, except in the designed manner, e.g. closure of main contact gap.
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5.113 Outdoor terminations 2000A and above

Terminations, conductors and fittings for outdoor switchgear (overhead conductor
connected) shall comply with to the BS 159 above 1992
5.114 Surface temperature

For any parts that may be touched, (operating handle, enclosure or cover) with a
temperature rise in excess of 10 K the risk of Injury shall be assessed in accordance
with BS EN ISO 13732-1. and Guide 117 for 62271-1 The assessment shall take into
account.
a) Material of the enclosure or cover and its surface finish.
b) Whether the part needs to touched during operation.
c) Likelihood of accidental contact.
d) Duration of contact.
If the assessment shows that there is a risk of burning, additional protective measures shall
be applied to eliminate the risk.
BS EN ISO 13732-1 and IEC Guide 117 for IEC 62271-1 shall be used to determine the
maximum allowable surface temperature appropriate to the surface contact duration (see
Table 6).
Table 6 — Maximum allowable temperatures of touchable surfaces
Duration of contact Maximum permissible surface temperature

s ºC
Bare metal Enamelled metal Paint
1 65 70 70
Note Any part exceeding these temperatures should be guarded or lablled as hazardous
5.115 Expected operating life

The minimum expected operating life of switchgear shall not be less than 30 years.
6 Type tests
6.1 General
Sub-clause 6.1 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following additions.
a) All type testing shall be carried out in accordance with Short-circuit Testing Liaison (STL)
Guides where applicable.
b) Dielectric tests on cable connected equipment shall be performed on a test arrangement
agreed between the switchgear and cable termination manufacturers as being
representative of the cable termination systems referred to in Sub-clause 1.5.103.1.101,
made off in the cable box including connectors.
c) Equipment shall be subjected to dielectric tests in its most unfavourable arrangement.
d) Partial discharge tests shall be made. They shall be carried out after all dielectric tests.
For acceptable limits for discharge levels, reference shall be made to ENA TS 41-18 [N3].
Issue 2 2015
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Note:-For specific type test requirements, for the various switchgear equipment covered by
this Specification, refer to the relevant type test tables in Parts 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of this
specification.
6.1.1 Grouping of tests

Sub-clauses 6.1.1 to 6.1.3 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
6.2 Dielectric tests

Sub-clauses 6.2 to 6.2.6.2 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
6.2.7 Tests of switchgear and control gear of Ur > 245 kV

Sub-clause 6.2.7 to 6.2.7.3 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall not apply.
6.2.8 Artificial pollution tests
Sub-clause 6.2.8 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply
6.2.9 Partial discharge tests

a) Partial discharge tests shall be made after all type and routine dielectric tests.
6.2.10 Dielectric tests on auxiliary and control circuits
6.2.11 Voltage test as condition check

6.3 Radio interference voltage (r.i.v.)

6.4 Measurement of the resistance of circuits

Sub-clause 6.4.1 to 6.4.2.2 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply
6.5 Temperature rise tests

Sub clause 6.5.1 to 6.5.6 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
6.6 Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current tests

Sub-clauses 6.6 to 6.6.4 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
6.7 Verification of the protection

Sub-clauses 6.7 to 6.7.2 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply
6.8 Tightness tests

Sub-clause 6.8.1 to 6.8.4 of IEC 62271-1 inclusive shall apply with the following exception.
Sub-clause 6.8.1 of IEC 62271-1 controlled pressure systems for gas shall not apply
6.9 Electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC)

Sub-clause 6.9.1 to 6.9.3.3 inclusive of 62271-1 shall apply.
Issue 2 2015
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6.10 Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits

6.10.1 General
Sub-clause of 6.10.1 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
6.10.2 Functional tests

6.10.3 Electrical continuity of earthed metallic parts test

Sub-clauses 6.10.3 to 6.10.6 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
6.11 X–Radiation test procedure for vacuum interrupters

Sub-clause 6.11 of IEC 62271-1 is not applicable.
6.200 Solar radiation

High temperature test and/or other appropriate evidence shall be submitted to confirm that
equipment that may be sensitive to solar radiation, e.g. seals and bursting discs, operate
within their design tolerances.
Temperature rise tests for outdoor equipment shall include the effects of solar radiation.
Manufacturers shall demonstrate that the influence of solar radiation up to a level of 1 000
W/m² (on a clear day at noon) has been taken into account in the testing of outdoor
equipment, e.g. temperature rise test at maximum solar gain where applicable.
NOTE: Calculations supporting the influence of these effects are acceptable.
6.201 Type test tables
For specific type test requirements, for the various switchgear equipment covered by this
Specification, refer to the relevant type test tables in Parts 2, 3, 4, 5, & 6 of this specification.
6.202 Reduced gas density withstands
Test evidence is required to confirm that devices containing gas other than air at atmospheric
pressure can withstand twice the rated phase to earth voltage applied across the open gap at
atmospheric pressure at 20 °C.
Alternatively, the manufacturer shall state the minimum gas pressure at which the device can
withstand twice the rated phase to earth voltage applied across the open gap at atmospheric
pressure at 20 °C.
6.203 Additional mechanical operation tests

No lubrication is permitted during the mechanical operations tests.
A mechanical operations test of 10% of the specified operating cycles shall be performed on
a switching device that is intended for manual operation, but tested using an actuator. The
test shall use the standard production handle as delivered with the equipment or device
provided for the purpose in the manner described in the manufacturer’s handbook.
6.204 Manual operating cycles

Power operated devices that have an alternative manual operation facility, e.g. handle used
in an emergency, shall be tested with 50 manual operating cycles using the standard
production manual operating handle, in the manner that it is intended to be used and as
described in the manufacturer’s handbook. The mechanical operation tests shall include 10
attempted operations of manually operated devices in the wrong direction with a force 1.5
times that measured in the above test. This test may be waived where it can be
demonstrated that the handle is deliberately designed to limit the applied force.
Issue 2 2015
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6.205 Tests on composite bushings

Clause 6 of IEC 62231 shall apply with the following addition.
For outdoor equipment, ageing tests shall be made on external composite bushings
and external insulation materials. The ageing test shall be conducted on the same
basis as that described in Annex C of IEC 61109 and should be for a period of not
less than 5 000 hours duration. Insulation manufacturers’ test data may be submitted
for consideration.
7 Routine tests
Clauses 7 to 7.5 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
8 Guide to the selection of switchgear and control gear

Sub-clauses 8.1 to 8.2 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
9 Information to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders

Sub-clauses 9.1 to 9.2 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
10 Rules for transport, storage, installation, operation and maintenance

Clause 10 to 10.4.3 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply with the following additional sub-
clauses.
10.1 Conditions during transport, storage and installation

Clause 10.1 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
10.1.100 Bushing protection

Exposed bushings should be adequately protected from physical damage or contamination
during transit and storage.
10.2 Installation
Sub-clauses10.2 to 10.4.3 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
10.100 Manufacturer’s handbook

10.100.1 Installation and maintenance
The manufacturer’s information for operation, installation and maintenance, in English, shall
be provided in a handbook with the equipment (in a permanent storage pocket inside the
door).
10.100.2 Information for operation

The “information for operation" shall be provided in a separate handbook to that for
installation and maintenance to ensure that the operation handbook does not include any
procedures (such as defeating interlocks), which could lead to a dangerous situation.
The information should include the above requirements, including the use, handling and
disposal of SF6 in accordance with IEC 62271-303, and method statements in conformance
with the CDM Regulations [N2], including ‘end of life’ statement per Article 4 of EC
Regulation on fluorinated greenhouse gases and controlled recovery of redundant SF6 (by
user/contractor or manufacturer).
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10.101 Risk assessment

The manufacturer shall provide method statements and associated risk assessments for
normal operations during the lifecycle of the plant including, maintenance, repair,
replacement/extension, decommissioning, removal and deposal of the plant.
The installer shall provide risk assessment and method statements for installation and
commissioning.
10.102 Bay extensions

The manufacturer shall declare safe methods for extending switchgear panels and panel
replacement.
Designs shall be such that extension equipment of corresponding type can be placed in the
correct working location without the need to make existing equipment dead and without
exposing live conductors. This requires that the bus bar compartment end cover must not
project beyond the side of the unit and it must be removable from inside the compartment.
10.103 Stable transportation

Equipment shall be stable on its own supports during transit and storage. The requirement
for returnable transit stands or stabilisers should be avoided. The means of securing
equipment shall be such that extension bays of corresponding type can be placed in their
correct working location, and connected to the system such that the maximum outages
required are one bus-bar and one adjacent circuit.
11 Safety
Clause 11 to 11.6 inclusive of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
12 Influence of the product on the environment

Clause 12 of IEC 62271-1 shall apply.
13 Commissioning tests
13.100 Schedule for site commissioning
At the time of assessment, the manufacturer shall provide a schedule for site commissioning
tests. These tests are to be performed at site following installation and prior to energisation of
the switchgear. These tests shall as a minimum include checks to confirm the functional
operation and control of all installed equipment.
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Annex A
(normative)
Summary of range, technical requirements and ratings for .
Information Sub-clause of this Purchaser to indicate requirement as

specification appropriate
Particulars of system
Voltage (kV)
Frequency (Hz)
Number of phases
General characteristics
Number of poles
Class 1.2 *indoor, outdoor
Rated voltage 4.1 *72 kV, 145 kV
Rated insulation level (lightning 4.2
impulse withstand voltage)
(see Table 1a IEC 62271-1)
Rated frequency 4.3 50 Hz
Rated normal current 4.4
a) Bus bars 1 250 A, 2 000 A, 2 500 A, 3 150 A
b) Circuit-breaker 1 250 A, 2 000 A, 2 500 A, 3 150 A
Rated short-time withstand current 4.5 25 kA, 31.5 kA, 40 kA
Rated peak withstand current 4.6
Rated duration of short-circuit 4.7 3s
Rated supply voltage of closing and 4.8
opening devices and auxiliary and
control circuits (see Table 1.2)
Rated supply frequency of closing and 4.9
opening and of auxiliary circuits – 50Hz
Earthing device rated short-time 4.101
withstand current
Earthing device rated short-circuit 4.102
making current
Requirements for gases in switchgear 5.2
and control gear
Gas in hydraulic system 5.101
Excessive running alarm 5.102
Gas filling valve 5.2.104
Lockable gas service valves 5.2.106
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Information Sub-clause of this Purchaser to indicate requirement as

specification appropriate
Gas monitoring 5.9.101
a) Pressure/density gauge/indicator
b) Single stage pressure switch
c) Two stage pressure switch
d) Other monitoring device
Padlocking facilities 5.11.102 Padlock 41 mm square body with a 4 mm to
7 mm shackle inside length 16 mm to 45
mm
Protection of persons against access to 5.13.1
hazardous parts
Protection against ingress of water 5.13.2 IP 3XDW
Protection against mechanical impact 5.13.3 2J indoor, 5J outdoor.
Gas leakage rate 5.15.1 Not exceed 1% at 20 °C
Lifting points markings 5.103
Surface preparation 5.104
*Delete as appropriate

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PRODUCED BY THE OPERATIONS DIRECTORATE OF ENERGY NETWORKS ASSOCIATION

Technical Specification 41-37

Switchgear for use on 66 kV to 132 kV

© 2015 Energy Networks Association

First published, September 2004

Amendments since publication

Issue Date Amendment

5.2.100Gas in hydraulic system ............................................................................16

5.4.4.5.2.101 Terminal blocks for current

5.9.100Gas monitoring and indicators ...................................................................23

5.102 Force for operation................................................................................................ 29

10.1.100 Bushing protection ......................................................................34

• Part 1 – Common clauses

A ‘Self Certification Conformance Declaration’ sheet is included with Parts 2 to 5 to enable

1.2 Normative references

IEC 60137, Insulated bushings for alternating voltages above 1 000 V

IEC 60417, Graphical symbols for use on equipment

IEC 60480, Guide to checking of SF6 taken from electrical plant

IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)

IEC 60947-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: General rules

IEC 62271-1, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 1: Common specifications

IEV 441, Switchgear, control gear and fuses

BS EN 50522 Earthing of power installations exceeding 1 kV

BS 159, Specification for high-voltage busbars and busbar connections

BS 1710, Specification for identification of pipelines and services

[N3] ENA TS 41-18, Partial discharge testing of bushings, capacitors, instrument

[N4] ENA TS 41-37 Part 3, Alternating current circuit-breakers

[N5] ENA TS 50-18, Design and application of Ancillary Electrical equipment

2 Normal and special service conditions

2.1 Normal service conditions

2.2.3 Temperature and humidity

2.2.4 Vibrations , shock or tilting

2.2.5 Wind speed

2.2.6 Other parameters

2.2.100 Flood resilience

a) at which full functionality is retained.

b) at which , if the equipment is de-energised prior to the flooding, it can immediately be

3 Terms and definitions

[IEV 441-16-13 definition]

[IEV 441-16-16 definition]

NOTE: This kind of operation may be by an actuator fitted to an independent manual

3.104.2 emergency operation

3.104.3 safety padlocking

3.104.4 operational padlocking

4.1 Rated voltage (Ur)

4.1.1 Range 1 for rated voltages of 245 kV and below

4.1.2 Range II, for rated voltages above 245 kV

4.2 Rated insulation level (Up)

a) The rated insulation levels shall be as follows in Table 1.

Table 1 — Rated insulation levels

4.3 Rated frequency (fr)

4.4 Rated normal current and temperature rise

Table 2 — Rated normal current and rated short-time withstand current

4.4.2 Temperature rise

4.5 Rated short-time withstand current (Ik)

4.7 Rated duration of short-circuit (tk)

Table 3 — Operating voltages

The rated supply frequency shall be d.c. or 50Hz as appropriate