MAINTAINING DENTAL BRACES AMONG GRADE 10 STUDENTS OF JARO NATIONAL

HIGH SCHOOL

A Research Presented to
the Faculty of Junior High School Department
Jaro National High School
Iloilo City

By:
John Cydreck Perida
Lean Khate Intrepido
Ella Blancaflor
Loriene Grace Desales
Marycris Beso
Samantha Maigne Vigil
Trixie Ann Lavilla
Ranielle Josh Cagadas
Valgabriell Casipe
Nove Eljhun Omagap
Erwin Tao

A Research Capsule Proposal Submited To:

Jona Lyn Talinong

English 10 Teacher

In partial fulfillment of the 4th quarter requirements in English 10

May 2023
 INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Archaeological findings have revealed mummified skeletons with

crudely-fashioned metal attachments on each tooth, supposed to function in a
similar way to dental braces used in orthodontic practices today.
Methods to straighten teeth have been contemplated by various historical
figures, including both Hippocrates and Aristotle in 400-500 BC. A Roman tomb in
Egypt revealed the use of gold wire as a binding for teeth, which is supposed to be
the first ligature wire found in documentation.
Various materials have been used as a form of dental braces throughout
history, including gold, platinum, silver, steel, rubber, vulcanite, wood, ivory, zinc
copper and brass.
A dentist usually recommends braces to improve a patient's "orofacial"
appearance. Through orthodontic treatment, problems like crooked or crowded
teeth, overbites or underbites, incorrect jaw position and disorders of the jaw joints
are corrected. If left untreated, these problems can result in tooth decay, gum
disease, headaches and earaches, as well as speaking, biting or chewing problems.
While wearing braces, patients are at a greater risk for developing gum
disease. This condition typically occurs as a result of bacteria building up along the
gum line. Patients may experience inflammation, bleeding and irritation as the
bacteria becomes trapped in the gums. If left untreated, the condition may worsen
to the point that the gums start to recede and pockets form in the gum tissue. This
can lead to further irritation, bone loss and decay. People wearing braces are at a
particular risk for this condition because of how difficult it is to clean around the
gums. Thus, this study aims to discover how Grade 10 students of Jaro National
High School practice oral hygiene in maintaining dental braces.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Generally, the aims of this study is to discover how grade 10 students of Jaro
National High school practice oral hygiene while maintaining their dental braces.
Specifically it intends to achieve the following objectives:
 1. To descibe the effectiveness of using braces
a. Gender
b. Level of effectiveness

2. To describe the effectiveness of the adhesives used to attach bonded molar

tubes, and the relative effectiveness of the adhesives used to attach bonded molar
tubes versus adhesives used to attach bands, during fixed appliance treatment, in
terms of:
(a) how often the tubes (or bands) come off during treatment; and
(b) whether they protect the bonded (or banded) teeth against decay.

Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the challenge in maintaining dental braces?
2. What are the routines in maintaining dental braces?
3. Are there any instances that the braces have been damaged? How do braces
wearers deal with it?
4. What are the extra responsibilities that come in having dental braces?
5. How do braces wearers handle the difficulties they encountered during
maintaining their dental braces?

METHODOLOGY
RESEACH DESIGN
This study will utelize a descriptive research design. The design is the best fit
to answer the proposed reasearch questions on Maintaining Dental Braces Ammong
Grade 10 Students of Jaro National High School as a whole and gender. This design
is characterized by a distinct phase of qualitative data collection and analysis. The
quantitative design is the type of resaech that sough to quantify or reflect in
numbers the observation, or the characteristics of the population being studied. The
quantitative approach to be used in this study is the descriptive method which
involves gathering of quantitative data that described events and then organizes
tabulates, depicts, and describes the data collection (Glass & Hopkins, 1984).
PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING
The participants of this study are 25 Grade 10- Ipil-Ipil currently enrolled in
Jaro National High School. The participants of this study will be choosen through
ramdom sampling.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS
The data gathering instruments or data source to be use in this study will be
the Sample Survey, Questionnaire with accompanying Personal Profile Sheet.

Sample Survey. Data collected from a sample of population.

Questionnaire. Series of questions and other prompts for for the purpose of
gathering information from respondents.

Personal Profile Sheet. The accompanying Personal Profile Sheet will be used to
gather the gender of the participants.

RESEARCH PROCEDURE

Before the conduct of the research, persmission will be acquired from the
principal. Informed consent from the partcipants will also be obtained to assure that
they agree to participate in the strudy. Fraenkel and Wallen (2008) pointed outt
three very important issues regarding the ethical principles in conducting research
namely: protecting participants from harm, ensuring the confidentialilty of research
data, and the question of deception of subjects. These issues will be addressed in
the study.

The research procedure of this study consists of two main steps: (1)
administering the questionnaire (Sample Survey and Personal Profile Sheet), and (2)
interpreting the data gathered.
RESEARCH OF ANALYSIS

Quantitative data obtained from the Sample Survey and Personal Profile
Sheet. Will be analyzed to determine the number of male and female participants,
and the result of sample survey of the participants.

The effectiveness level and percentage distribution will be used to described

the number of male and female participants.

The mean and standard deviation will be used to describe the level of
effectiveness of dental braces to the participants as a whole and when classified
according to the gender. The mean scores of the participants will be converted using
a parametric scale of the research instrument, interpreted, and describe as follow in
Table 1.

Table 1

Parametric Scale of the Research Instrument

Scale Parameter Verbal Interpretaion Qualitative Description

5 4.24 - 5.00 Very Much Like Me Outstanding

4 3.43 - 4.23 Mostly Like Me Exceeds Expectation
3 2.62 - 3.42 Somewhat Like Me Meets Expectation
2 1.81 - 2.61 Not Much Like Me Below Expectation
1 1.00 - 1.80 Not At All Me Grealty Below Expectation

Definition of Terms

For further understanding, the following terms were defined conceptually and
operationally.

Orthodontic – is a specially of dentistry that deals with the diagnosis, prevention

and correction of malposition teeth and jaws. Treatment can easily take several
months to a few years, it involves the use of dental braces and other appliances to
slowly move the teeth and jaws around.

Dentist – a person qualified to treat the disease and conditions that affect the teeth
and gums, especially the repair and extraction of teeth and the insertion of artificial
one.

Dental Braces – (also known as braces, orthodontic cases) are devices used in
orthodontic that align and straighten teeth and help position them with regard to a
person’s bite, while also aiming to improve dental health.

Orthodentist – a dentist who is qualified to treat irregularities in the teeth and

jaws.

Braces Wearers - a person wearing braces

Students of Jaro National High School- a person who is studying in Jaro

National High School

APA REFERENCES

Smith, Y. (2022, December 22). History of Dental Braces. New Medical Science.
https://www.news-medical.net/health/History-of-Dental-Braces.aspx

Rai, AK. Zeena. (2015). Practice or Malpractice? Primary Health Care. 5:197.
doi:10.4172/2167-1079.1000197. » https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1079.1000197

Wolf, J., Curtis, N. (January 2008). Brain Abscess Secondary to Dental Braces. The
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 27(1):p 84-85.
DOI:10.1097/INF.0b013e31815819a6
Wahab, R. A., Hasan, S. K., Yamin, N. E. M., & Ibrahim, Z. (2019). Awareness of
fake braces usage among Y-generations. Journal of International Dental and Medical
Research.

Sorooshian, S., & Kamarozaman, A. A. (2018). Fashion braces: an alarming

trend. Sao Paulo Medical Journal, 136, 497-498.

Fleming, P. S., Proczek, K., & DiBiase, A. T. (2008). I want braces: factors
motivating patients and their parents to seek orthodontic treatment. Community
Dent Health, 25(3), 166-9.

Hinshaw Jr, D. B., Holshouser, B. A., Engstrom, H. I., Tjan, A. H., Christiansen, E. L.,
& Catelli, W. F. (1988). Dental material artifacts on MR images. Radiology, 166(3),
777-779.

References

https://www.news-medical.net/health/History-of-Dental-Braces.aspx

http://www.knowyourteeth.com/infobites/abc/article/?abc=O&iid=322&aid=1304

https://www.manhattanbeachortho.com/manhattan-beach-ca/common-problems-
with-braces/?_

https://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-topics/b/braces

https://amp.colgate.com/en-us/oral-health/cosmetic-dentistry/adult-orhtodontics

https://oralb.com/en-us/oral-health/life-stages/braces/how-to-take-care-of-braces

APEDENCIES

A. PERSONAL PROFILE SHEET

Name (Optional):

Gender (please check): (1) Male (2) Female

B. EFFECTIVENESS OF MAINTAINING DENTAL BRACES

Please repond to the following questions bellow

Be honest - there are no right or wrong answerss

1. I did ever encounter having difficulty wearing dental braces

 Very Much Like Me

 Mostly Like Me

 Somewhat Like Me

 Not Much Like Me

 Not At All Me

2. I avoid eating foods that can be stocked to my dental brackets

 Very Much Like Me

 Mostly Like Me

 Somewhat Like Me

 Not Much Like Me

 Not At All Me

3. I choose a proper toothpaste, floss, and mouth rinse.

 Very Much Like Me

 Mostly Like Me

 Somewhat Like Me

 Not Much Like Me

 Not At All Me

4. I floss at least once a day.

 Very Much Like Me

 Mostly Like Me

 Somewhat Like Me

 Not Much Like Me

 Not At All Me

5. I use an oral irrigator to clean my dental braces

 Very Much Like Me

 Mostly Like Me

 Somewhat Like Me

 Not Much Like Me

 Not At All Me

6. I choose my diet carefully.

 Very Much Like Me

 Mostly Like Me

 Somewhat Like Me

 Not Much Like Me

 Not At All Me

7. I have my dental braces adjusted or tightened every 4-10 week.

 Very Much Like Me

 Mostly Like Me

 Somewhat Like Me

 Not Much Like Me

 Not At All Me

8. Experiencing pain on the teeth or jaw.

 Very Much Like Me

 Mostly Like Me

 Somewhat Like Me

 Not Much Like Me

 Not At All Me

9. Experiencing mouth irritation

 Very Much Like Me

 Mostly Like Me

 Somewhat Like Me

 Not Much Like Me

 Not At All Me

10. Beautiful changes can be notice for 7 moths of using dental braces.

 Very Much Like Me

 Mostly Like Me

 Somewhat Like Me

 Not Much Like Me

 Not At All Me