Nursing Informatics

Dedep Nugraha, M.Kep

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× Defenition
× The History of Computer
× The History of Nursing Informatics

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Nursing Informatics (NI) is a title that evolved from the
French word “informatics” which referred to the field of
applied computer science concerned with the
processing of information such as nursing information
(Nelson, 2013).

Nursing informatics is the use of information

technologies in relation to any nursing functions and
actions of nurses (Hannah, 1985).
Nursing Informatics combines nursing science,
information science, and computer science to manage
and process nursing data, information and knowledge
to facilitate the delivery of healthcare. (ANA, 2008)
The History of Computer

Augusta Ada Byron, Lady Byron, (born December

10, 1815, Piccadilly Terrace, Middlesex [now in
London], England—died November 27, 1852,
Marylebone, London), English mathematician, an
associate of Charles Babbage, for whose prototype of a
digital computer she created a program. She has been
called the first Computer programmer.

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 Charles Babbage, (born December 26,
1791, London, England—died October
18, 1871, London), English
mathematician and inventor who is
credited with having conceived the first
automatic digital computer.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XS
kGY6LchJs

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First generation: 1937 – 1946

In 1937 the first electronic digital computer

was built by Dr. John V. Atanasoff and
Clifford Berry. It was called the Atanasoff-
Berry Computer (ABC).

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k4oGI
_dNaPc

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Second generation: 1947 – 1962

This generation
of computers
used transistors
instead of
vacuum tubes
which were
more reliable. In
1951 the first
computer for
commercial use
was introduced
to the public; the
Universal
Automatic
Computer
(UNIVAC 1)

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Third generation: 1963-1971

The invention of integrated circuit

brought us the third generation of
computers. With this invention
computers became smaller, more
powerful more reliable and they are
able to run many different programs at
the same time.

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Fourth Generation: 1971-Present

The invention of integrated circuit brought us the third

generation of computers. With this invention computers
became smaller, more powerful more reliable and they
are able to run many different programs at the same
time. In1980 Microsoft Disk Operating System (MS-
Dos) was born and in 1981 IBM introduced the personal
computer (PC) for home and office use. Three years
later Apple gave us the Macintosh computer with its
icon driven interface and the 90s gave us Windows
operating system.

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11
Pioneers of Nursing
informtics

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145 pioneers and contributors who shaped NI since the 1950s
Abbott, Patricia Androwich, Ida Arnold, Judy
Bakken, Suzanne Ball, Marion Brennen, Patricia

Button, Patricia Chang, Betty Delaney, Connie

Gassert, Carole Grobe, Susan Kennedy, Rosemary

Konicek, Debra Lang, Norma Martin, Karen

Matney, Susan McCormick, Kathleen Murphy, Judy

Newbold, Susan Ozbolt, Judy Romano, Carol

Saba, Virginia Schwirian, Patricia Sensmeier, Joyce

Simpson, Roy Skiba, Diane Staggers, Nancy

Thede, Linda Turley, Jim Warren, Judy

Weaver, Charlotte Weiner, Elizabeth Zielstorff, Rita

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145 pioneers and contributors who shaped NI since the 1950s

Connie Dalaney
Virginia K. Saba Patricia Abbott Suzanne Bakken

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Seven periods

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Prior to 1960s

Adapted computers to
healthcare and nursing for
basic office administrative
and financial accounting
functions for basic office
administrative and
financial accounting
functions.
Punch cards to
store data and
card readers to
read computer
programs, sort,
and prepare data
for processing.

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17
 1960s

The computer technology in healthcare settings began to be explored

Staff and student nurses at the nurses station, Chestnut

Hill Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, c. 1960

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By the mid-1960s

Clinical practice Nurses used computer

presented nurses with monitored patients’
new opportunities for status via cardiac
computer use monitors and instituted
treatment regimens
through ventilators and
other computerized http://museum.aarc.org
devices.

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1970s
× Hospitals began developing computer-based information systems:
- physician order entry and results reporting,
- pharmacy,
- laboratory,
- radiology reports,
- information for financial and managerial purposes,
- Physiologic monitoring systems in the intensive care units, and
- a few systems started to include care planning, decision support, and
interdisciplinary problem lists.

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21
1980s
× The microcomputer or personal computer (PC) emerged.
× The PCs were user-friendly and allowed nurses to design
and program their own applications.

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1990s
× In 1992, the ANA recognized Nursing Informatics as a
new nursing specialty and continuing education for
nurses involved with informatics (Sackett & Erdley,
2002).
× Computer hardware—PCs—continued to get smaller
and computer notebooks were becoming affordable.
× By 1995, the Internet began providing access to
information and knowledge databases to be integrated
into bedside :mail (e-mail), file transfer protocol (FTP),
Gopher, Telnet, and World Wide Web (WWW) (Saba,
1996; Sparks, 1996). Provide better care for patient
information.

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2000s
× Healthcare information became digitalized and
newer technologies
× Hospitals became “paperless,” they began
employing new nurses who had never charted
on paper.

× Bar coding and radio- frequency identification

(RFID)
× Smaller mobile devices with wireless or
Internet access such as notebooks,
tablet PCs, personal digital assistants
(PDAs), and smart cellular telephones
increased access to information for
nurses within hospitals and in the
community
× Computers on Wheels (COWs)

× Telenursing
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2010s
× A new NI research agenda for 2008–2018, NI research
agenda on “3 aspects of context—genomic health care,
shifting research paradigms, and social
× https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LaHSMJGUco8

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Standardized nursing terminologies are needed to:

• Provide valid clinical care data,

• Data sharing across HIT and EHR systems
• support evidenced- based decision making,
• facilitate evaluation of nursing processes, and
permit the measurement of outcomes
 T E K N O L O G I INFORMASI KEPERAWATAN
DI I N D O N E S I A

1. Electronic Health Record

EHEALTH SURABAYA
Pembelajaran
dengan virtual
reality

27
(Emily Sterneman, IUPUC Simulation
Center. Science Node) 28
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35
(UbiSim) 31
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 Penggunaan Virtual Penggunaan Virtual Reality
Simulation (VSim) for Nursing Simulation (VRS)
VR YANG SUDAH SIAP
DIOPERASIKAN
TA M PI LA N A W A L PEN GOPERASI A N
VR OLEH P E N G G U N A
 S TAT U S PA S I E N YA N G A K A N
D I K E L O L A D A PAT D I L I H AT PA D A
ELECTRONIC HEALTH R E C O R D
(EHR)
DATA PASIEN JUGA TERDAPAT PADA
MONITOR DI NURSE STATION
 P E R S I A PA N A L AT - A L AT U N T U K
M E L A K U K A N T I N D A K A N P E R A W ATA N
L U K A P O S T O P E R A S I APPENDECTOMY
M E L E T A K K A N ALAT-ALAT
YA N G D I B U T U H K A N KE
DALAM TROLI
 TELEPORT U N T U K
BERPINDAH DARI
SATU TEMPAT KE
TEMPAT LAINNYA
TANPA BERJALAN
SITUASI PASIEN
DALAM KAMAR
MEMPOSISIKAN POSISI TROLI DI
DEKAT PASIEN
TOMBOL UNTUK MEMBUKA TUTUP
TIRAI
 T I N G K AT K E T I N G G I A N T E M PAT
TO T I D U R PA S I E N

MB
OL
UN
TU
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ME
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M E M B U K A LOKASI
LUKA PADA
PASIEN
 M E M P E R S I A P K A N A L AT U N T U K
M E L A K U K A N T I N D A K A N P E R A W ATA N
LUKA
ME L A K U K A N PERAWATAN LUKA
MEMBUANG SAMPAH BARANG
H A B I S PAKAI
 DAFTAR PUSTAKA
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