Republic of the Philippines

SORSOGON STATE UNIVERSITY

Bulan Campus
Bulan, Sorsogon

SUBJECT: ART APPRECIATION DATE: WEEK 10

LESSON: INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC INSTRUCTOR: MARYROSE GIL EBDANI

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
By the end of this chapter, the students will be able to;
1. Identify the various genre in music;
2. Make a creative interpretation of the different musical genres; and
3. Translate sound or music into a new form and in a new context.

INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC
Instrumental – is a musical composition or recording without lyrics, or singing, although it
might include some inarticulate vocals, such as shouted backup vocals in a Big Band setting.
Instrumental Interlude – a section that is not sung but is played by instruments
Instrumental Introduction – it occurs at the beginning of the song before the singer starts to
sing
MUSICAL STYLE
➢ Knowing the unique style traits of particular historical eras can greatly enhance your
musical experiences by offering clues about what the composer was trying to express,
and what you should listen for when hearing a piece

THE HISTORICAL STYLE-PERIODS OF WESTERN ART MUSIC: MIDDLE AGES

(approximately 450-1450)
➢ An era dominated by Catholic sacred music, which began as simple chants but grew in
complexity in the 13th to 15th centuries through experiments in harmony and rhythm.
➢ Leading composers of the later Middle Ages include Perotin and Machaut.

❖ RENAISSANCE INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC (approximately 1450-1600)

➢ A more personal style emerged in this era with a greater focus on Humanism and
a rebirth of learning and exploration.
➢ During this “golden age of vocal music”, the leading composers include:
▪ Josquin Des Prez
o One of the greatest composers of Renaissance Europe
o The first master of the high Renaissance style of polyphonic vocal
music
o Most famous piece – Missa Pange lingua
▪ Giovanni Palestrina
o An Italian Renaissance composer of sacred music and the best
known 16th century representative of the Roman school of musical
composition.
 Republic of the Philippines
SORSOGON STATE UNIVERSITY
Bulan Campus
Bulan, Sorsogon

o Composition- Missa Papae Marcelli, Sicut cervus

▪ Thomas Weelkes
o An English composer and organist
o Famous works – Of Care, Thou Wilt Despatch Me

❖ BAROQUE INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC (approximately 1600-1750)

➢ Is a heavily ornamented style of music that came out of the Renaissance
➢ This era- the last great age of aristocratic rule- is represented by extremely ornate
and elaborate approaches to the arts.
➢ This era saw the rise of instrumental music, the invention of the modern violin
family, and the creation of the first orchestras.
➢ Great composers of the late Baroque include:
▪ Antonio Vivaldi
o nicknamed “The Red Priest”
o One of his famous works - The Four Seasons
▪ George Frederick Handel
o wrote the most famous of all oratorios, Messiah (1742)
o His orchestral concertos - Op. 3 and Op. 6
▪ Johann Sebastian Bach
o One of the greatest composers of all time
o One of his famous works - Mass in B Minor
➢ Many of the forms identified with Baroque music originated in Italy, including
the cantata, concerto, sonata, oratorio, and opera.

❖ CLASSIC INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC (approximately 1750-1820)

➢ The music of this politically turbulent era focused on structural unity, clarity, and
balance.
➢ The new expressive and dramatic approaches to composition and performance
that were developed in this era became the standards by which all “Classical”
music is judged.
➢ Great composers of the Classic era include:
▪ Josef Haydn
o “The Father of Quartet” and “The Father of Symphony”
o One of his important works – Piano Sonata in C Minor
▪ Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
o Considered the greatest composer in the history of Western music
o Mozart’s opera, Le Nozze di Figaro (The Marriage of Figaro)
▪ Ludwig Van Beethoven
o One of the greatest writers of music to have ever lived
o Symphony #7 Movement 2, Piano Sonata #13 Movement 3

❖ ROMANTIC INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC (approximately 1820-1900)

➢ This era witnessed an explosion of flamboyance, nationalism, the rise of
“superstar” performers, and concerts aimed at middle-class “paying” audiences.
 Republic of the Philippines
SORSOGON STATE UNIVERSITY
Bulan Campus
Bulan, Sorsogon

➢ Orchestral, theatrical, and soloistic music grew to spectacular heights of personal

expression.
➢ Romance, nocturne, etude, and polonaise are examples of 19th-century music
styles.
➢ Some of the famous romanticist composers are:
▪ Carl Maria Von Weber
o A German composer and opera director during the transition from
Classical to Romantic music
o Famous operas - The Freeshooter(1821) and Oberon (1826)
▪ Frederic Chopin
o One of music’s greatest tone poets by reason of his superfine
imagination and fastidious craftsmanship
o Revolutionary Etude (Op. 10, No.12), Minute Waltz
▪ Franz Liszt
o A piano virtuoso and composer
o Later works of the composer such as “Bagatelle without tonality”,
“Years of Pilgrimage”

❖ MODERN INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC (approximately 1900-present)

➢ Since approximately 1900, art music has been impacted by daring
experimentation and advances in musical technology, as well as popular/non-
Western influences.
➢ The development of audio recording technology, along with the ability to quickly
and cheaply distribute recordings and scores, was central to the revolutions of
modern music.
➢ Leading composers of the early 20th century were:
▪ Claude Debussy
o Remembered as a musical legend, whose uniquely structured
compositions have served as a base for musicians over the past
century
o Famous French music – La Mer (The Sea; 1905), Iberia (1908)
▪ Arnold Schoenberg
o He was one of the most influential teachers of the 20th century
o First important composition, Verklarte Nacht, Op. 4 (1899)
▪ Igor Stravinsky
o He is widely considered one of the most important and influential
composers of the 20th century and a pivotal figure in modernist
music.
o The Rite of Spring, The Firebird
while many of the most prominent composers since 1950 have come from the US.
 Republic of the Philippines
SORSOGON STATE UNIVERSITY
Bulan Campus
Bulan, Sorsogon

Reference/s:
Art Appreciation for College Students; Roman D. Leaño and Jenny Marsha B. Agtani; page 187-
226