EARTH SCIENCE

QUARTER III
 Mt. Makiling, Laguna Mt. Apo, Davao

Mt. Pinatubo, Zambales Mt. Mayon, Albay Taal Volcano, Batangas

What is a Volcano?
Complete the concept map:

VOLCANO
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the 1-hour lesson on the Different

Types of Volcanoes, the Grade 9 students should be
able to:
1. identify the structure of a volcano; and
2. describe the different types of
volcanoes based on structure.
Parts, Types, and Classification of Volcanoes
PARTS OF A VOLCANO
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

The major parts of a volcano are:

▪ Summit – It is the highest point
or the apex of the volcano. This
is where an opening called
“vent” is found.
▪ Slopes – These refer to the sides
or flanks of a volcano that
radiate from the main or
central vent.
▪ Base – This refers to the lower
outer part of the volcano.
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

The major parts of a volcano are:

▪ Summit – It is the highest point
or the apex of the volcano. This
is where an opening called
“vent” is found.
▪ Slopes – These refer to the sides
or flanks of a volcano that
radiate from the main or
central vent.
▪ Base – This refers to the lower
outer part of the volcano.
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

The major parts of a volcano are:

▪ Summit – It is the highest point
or the apex of the volcano. This
is where an opening called
“vent” is found.
▪ Slopes – These refer to the sides
or flanks of a volcano that
radiate from the main or
central vent.
▪ Base – This refers to the lower
outer part of the volcano.
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

The major parts of a volcano are:

▪ Summit – It is the highest point
or the apex of the volcano. This
is where an opening called
“vent” is found.
▪ Slopes – These refer to the sides
or flanks of a volcano that
radiate from the main or
central vent.
▪ Base – This refers to the lower
outer part of the volcano.
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

A volcano also has other

geologic features such as:
▪ Magma chamber
▪ Magma
▪ Main vent
▪ Conduit
▪ Side vent
▪ Crater
▪ Lava
▪ Ash and gas clouds
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

▪ Magma chamber – It is a
region beneath the vent
of a volcano where
molten rock or magma is
deposited or stored
before eruption.
▪ Magma – These refer to
the molten materials
found beneath the
Earth’s surface.
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

▪ Magma chamber – It is a
region beneath the vent
of a volcano where
molten rock or magma is
deposited or stored
before eruption.
▪ Magma – These refer to
the molten materials
found beneath the
Earth’s surface.
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

▪ Magma chamber – It is a
region beneath the vent
of a volcano where
molten rock or magma is
deposited or stored
before eruption.
▪ Magma – These refer to
the molten materials
found beneath the
Earth’s surface.
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

▪ Main vent – It is the main

opening or outlet on the
surface of a volcano that
emits lava, gases, ash or
other volcanic materials.
▪ Conduit – It is an
underground central tube-
like or pipe-like structure
that connects the magma
chamber to the crater.
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

▪ Main vent – It is the main

opening or outlet on the
surface of a volcano that
emits lava, gases, ash or
other volcanic materials.
▪ Conduit – It is an
underground central tube-
like or pipe-like structure
that connects the magma
chamber to the crater.
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

▪ Main vent – It is the main

opening or outlet on the
surface of a volcano that
emits lava, gases, ash or
other volcanic materials.
▪ Conduit – It is an
underground central tube-
like or pipe-like structure
that connects the magma
chamber to the crater.
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

▪ Side Vent – It is a smaller

outlet through which
magma escapes.
▪ Crater – It is the “mouth”
of the volcano; a funnel-
shaped or bowl-shaped
hollow at the top of the
vent where magma, ash
and gas comes out.
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

▪ Side Vent – It is a smaller

outlet through which
magma escapes.
▪ Crater – It is the “mouth”
of the volcano; a funnel-
shaped or bowl-shaped
hollow at the top of the
vent where magma, ash
and gas comes out.
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

▪ Side Vent – It is a smaller

outlet through which
magma escapes.
▪ Crater – It is the “mouth”
of the volcano; a funnel-
shaped or bowl-shaped
hollow at the top of the
vent where magma, ash
and gas comes out.
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

▪ Lava – This refers to hot

molten or semifluid rocks
erupted from a volcano.
▪ Ash and Gas Cloud – It is a
mixture of rock, minerals,
glass particles, and gases
expelled or pushed out of
the volcano during an
eruption.
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

▪ Lava – This refers to hot

molten or semifluid rocks
erupted from a volcano.
▪ Ash and Gas Cloud – It is a
mixture of rock, minerals,
glass particles, and gases
expelled or pushed out of
the volcano during an
eruption.
PARTS OF A VOLCANO

▪ Lava – This refers to hot

molten or semifluid rocks
erupted from a volcano.
▪ Ash and Gas Cloud – It is a
mixture of rock, minerals,
glass particles, and gases
expelled or pushed out of
the volcano during an
eruption.
CLASSIFICATION OF VOLCANOES
 CLASSIFICATION OF VOLCANOES

I. Types of Volcanoes Based on Structure

▪ One way to classify the different types of

volcanoes is through the structure characterized
by their shape, parts, and formation.
▪ Volcanoes can be classified as
cinder cone, composite, or shield.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

CINDER CONE VOLCANOES

▪ They are also known as scoria cones.

▪ These are the simplest and the most
abundant type of volcano, usually with a
steep slope and wide crater.
▪ They are built from particles and blobs of
solidified lava ejected from a single vent.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

CINDER CONE VOLCANOES

▪ Lava is thrown into the air,

which breaks into small
fragments that solidify and fall
as cinders around the vent
that form a circular or oval
cone.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

CINDER CONE VOLCANOES

▪ Examples of this type in the

Philippines are the Taal
Volcano in Batangas and
Smith Volcano found in
Babuyan Group of Islands.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

CINDER CONE VOLCANOES

▪ Examples of this type in the

Philippines are the Taal
Volcano in Batangas and
Smith Volcano found in
Babuyan Group of Islands.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

CINDER CONE VOLCANOES

▪ An example of this outside

of the Philippines is the
Paricutin volcano in
Mexico.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

COMPOSITE VOLCANOES
▪ They are also known as stratovolcanoes.
▪ These volcanoes are large, typically steep-
sided and have symmetrical cones.
▪ They are built from alternating layers of lava
flows, volcanic ash, cinders, blocks, and
pyroclastic materials.
▪ The lava builds up around the vent forming a
volcano with steep sides.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

COMPOSITE VOLCANOES
▪ These volcanoes are large, typically
steep-sided and have symmetrical
cones.
▪ They are built from alternating
layers of lava flows, volcanic ash,
cinders, blocks, and pyroclastic
materials.
▪ The lava builds up around the vent
forming a volcano with steep sides.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

COMPOSITE VOLCANOES

▪ Examples of this type are the

Mount Mayon in Albay,
Mount Arayat in Pampanga,
Mount Kanlaon in Negros
Island, and Mount Apo in
Davao Region.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

COMPOSITE VOLCANOES

▪ Examples of this type are the

Mount Mayon in Albay,
Mount Arayat in Pampanga,
Mount Kanlaon in Negros
Island, and Mount Apo in
Davao Region.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

COMPOSITE VOLCANOES

▪ Examples of this type are the

Mount Mayon in Albay,
Mount Arayat in Pampanga,
Mount Kanlaon in Negros
Island, and Mount Apo in
Davao Region.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

COMPOSITE VOLCANOES

▪ Examples of this type are the

Mount Mayon in Albay,
Mount Arayat in Pampanga,
Mount Kanlaon in Negros
Island, and Mount Apo in
Davao Region.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

COMPOSITE VOLCANOES

▪ Examples of this outside

of the Philippines are
Mount Rainier in
Washington, USA, and
Mount Fuji in Japan.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

COMPOSITE VOLCANOES

▪ Examples of this outside

of the Philippines are
Mount Rainier in
Washington, USA, and
Mount Fuji in Japan.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

SHIELD VOLCANOES

▪ These are large, broad volcanoes

that look similar to shields, hence the
name.
▪ They can be easily identified
because they are tall and broad,
with flat, rounded shapes.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

SHIELD VOLCANOES
▪ They are built almost entirely of fluid
lava flow thus, these volcanoes are
not steep.
▪ The fluid lava flow is not
accompanied by pyroclastic
materials, which makes shield
volcanoes relatively safe.
▪ Eruptions at shield volcanoes are only
explosive if water somehow gets into
the vent.
TYPES OF VOLCANOES BASED ON STRUCTURE

SHIELD VOLCANOES

▪ Mauna Loa in Hawaii is

an example of a shield
volcano.
ACTIVITY TIME!
NAME MY PARTS!
NAME MY PARTS!
NAME MY PARTS!
NAME MY PARTS!
NAME MY PARTS!
NAME MY PARTS!
NAME MY PARTS!
NAME MY PARTS!
NAME MY PARTS!
NAME MY PARTS!
NAME MY PARTS!
NAME MY PARTS!
NAME MY PARTS!
 RIDDLE ME THIS!

DESCRIPTION PICTURE TYPE OF VOLCANO

1. I am also known as
stratovolcano. My
name came from the
alternating layers of
lava flows, volcanic
ash, cinders, blocks,
and pyroclastic
materials. What type
of volcano am I?
 RIDDLE ME THIS!

DESCRIPTION PICTURE TYPE OF VOLCANO

1. I am also known as
stratovolcano. My
name came from the
alternating layers of COMPOSITE
lava flows, volcanic
ash, cinders, blocks,
VOLCANO
and pyroclastic
materials. What type
of volcano am I?
 RIDDLE ME THIS!

DESCRIPTION PICTURE TYPE OF VOLCANO

2. I am also known as a
scoria cone. I am
built from volcanic
cinders or blobs of
congealed/solidified
lava of basaltic
composition that
came out of my
vent. What type of
volcano am I?
 RIDDLE ME THIS!

DESCRIPTION PICTURE TYPE OF VOLCANO

2. I am also known as a
scoria cone. I am
built from volcanic
cinders or blobs of
congealed/solidified CINDER CONE
lava of basaltic VOLCANO
composition that
came out of my
vent. What type of
volcano am I?
 RIDDLE ME THIS!

DESCRIPTION PICTURE TYPE OF VOLCANO

3. I am a large and
broad volcano built
by many layers of
low-viscous lava
flows. I have flat-
rounded shapes and
I look similar to
shields. What type of
volcano am I?
 RIDDLE ME THIS!

DESCRIPTION PICTURE TYPE OF VOLCANO

3. I am a large and
broad volcano built
by many layers of
low-viscous lava
flows. I have flat-
SHIELD
rounded shapes and VOLCANO
I look similar to
shields. What type of
volcano am I?
 RIDDLE ME THIS!

DESCRIPTION PICTURE TYPE OF VOLCANO

4. I am built almost
entirely of fluid lava
flow. I have gentle
slopes. An example
of mine is the largest
active volcano in the
world, the Mauna
Loa in Hawaii. What
type of volcano am Mauna Loa
I?
 RIDDLE ME THIS!

DESCRIPTION PICTURE TYPE OF VOLCANO

4. I am built almost
entirely of fluid lava
flow. I have gentle
slopes. An example
of mine is the largest SHIELD
active volcano in the VOLCANO
world, the Mauna
Loa in Hawaii. What
type of volcano am Mauna Loa
I?
 RIDDLE ME THIS!

DESCRIPTION PICTURE TYPE OF VOLCANO

5. Lava blows out of me
into the atmosphere,
breaks into smaller
fragments, solidifies,
and falls as cinders
that surround my vent.
An example of mine is
the Taal Volcano in
Batangas. What type
of volcano am I?
Taal Volcano
 RIDDLE ME THIS!

DESCRIPTION PICTURE TYPE OF VOLCANO

5. Lava blows out of me
into the atmosphere,
breaks into smaller
fragments, solidifies,
and falls as cinders CINDER CONE
that surround my vent.
An example of mine is VOLCANO
the Taal Volcano in
Batangas. What type
of volcano am I?
Taal Volcano
 RIDDLE ME THIS!

DESCRIPTION PICTURE TYPE OF VOLCANO

6. My type includes a
number of the world’s
grandest mountains. I
am known by my
distinct conical shape.
Lava builds up around
my vent forming a
volcano with steep
sides. An example of
mine is the great Mayon
Volcano in Albay. What Mayon Volcano
type of volcano am I?
 RIDDLE ME THIS!

DESCRIPTION PICTURE TYPE OF VOLCANO

6. My type includes a
number of the world’s
grandest mountains. I
am known by my
distinct conical shape.
Lava builds up around COMPOSITE
my vent forming a
volcano with steep
VOLCANO
sides. An example of
mine is the great Mayon
Volcano in Albay. What Mayon Volcano
type of volcano am I?
Types of Volcanoes
 SHORT QUIZ
Directions: Read each item carefully. Write the CAPITAL letter of your answer in your paper.

1. Volcanoes are made up of different parts. Which of the major part is correctly paired with its
description?

A. Summit – the highest point of the volcano

B. Base – the lower part of the volcano

C. Slope – the sides of the volcano

D. All of the above

2. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about shield volcanoes?

A. Shield volcanoes have wide craters and are built from solidified lava ejected from the vent.

B. Shield volcanoes are large and broad and they look similar to shields.

C. Shield volcanoes are built from almost entirely fluid lava flow.

D. Shield volcanoes are identified with flat, rounded shapes.

 SHORT QUIZ
3. Which of the following describes cinder cone volcanoes?

A. They are built from alternating layers of lava flows and pyroclastic materials.

B. They are found within the crater or on the edges of enormous volcanoes.

C. They are built from solidified lava ejected from the vent.

D. They are built from liquid lava flows.

4. Which type of volcanoes have broad bases and steep slopes and are formed by alternating layers
of lava flows, volcanic ash, cinders, blocks, and pyroclastic materials?

A. Cinder cone volcanoes

B. Composite volcanoes

C. Shield volcanoes

D. All of the above

5. Draw one type of volcano, identify the type, and label the parts. (6 points)
 ASSIGNMENT
Research about volcanoes that
can be found here in Western
Visayas. List down and identify
where they are located. Write
your assignment in your
notebook.