NORSE PANTHEON IDUN Norse goddess of youth and fertility
Norse mythology is the compilation of
the stories, religious practices, and myths
of the ancient Nordic people. These texts
span a period of time beginning in Norse
paganism and continuing through the
medieval era, during which most of
Scandinavia converted to Christianity.
Norse mythology is the body of mythology
practice
Norse mythology is the body of mythology
practiced in Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden
and Denmark) stemming from paganism
and continuing after the introduction of
Christianity
NORSE COSMOLOGY
According to Norse cosmology, the known
universe was composed of Nine Realms:
1. Asgard, the near-perfect home of the
Aesir deities
2. Jotunheim, the fallen world of the
monstrous jötunn
3. Midgard, the land of humans
4. Alfheim, home of the elves
5. Hel, a resting place for the dead
6. Vanaheim, the world of the magical Vanir
deities
7. Nidavellir, the subterranean realm of the
dwarves
8. Niflheim, a frigid land of ice and snow
9. Muspelheim, a realm of heat and flame.
Bifrost, a rainbow bridge that connects the
worlds of the Aesir gods and men, allowing
the gods access to care for and protect
their mortal creations. The Norse gods
chose 9
Heimdallr to fulfill this important task.
The other thing to note is that there are two
classes of worlds within the Norse cosmos,
the “gard” worlds and the “heim” worlds:
-gards – fortified worlds
-heims – pastoral worlds
The Norse gods and goddesses are the
array of deities honored by ancient Nordic
worshipers. They primarily came from two
different tribes, the Aesir (sky) and the
Vanir (earth) but were united in their efforts
to fight the a tribe of giants dwelling in
another realm of the world jötnar, tree
Yggdrasil.
ODIN The “All-Father,” chief of the Norse
gods and ruler of the Aesir.
FRIGG Norse goddess of motherhood and
fertility, queen of the Aesir deities
THOR Norse god of thunder and wielder of
the magical hammer Mjölnir
FREYA Beautiful and seductive Norse
goddess of blessings, love, and fertility
LOKI Norse trickster god, whose schemes
and deceit sowed chaos
BALDUR “Shining” Norse god known for
his beauty, wisdom, and fairness
HEIMDALL Watchful Norse god who
guarded Asgard from enemy invasion
DAIKOKUTEN Highly revered Japanese
whose magic apples rejuvenated the gods
FREYR Norse god of peace and prosperity,
associated with virility (manliness) and fair
weather.
JAPANESE PANTHEON
JAPANESE MYTHOLOGY
-Japanese mythology, body of stories
compiled from oral traditions concerning the
legends, gods, ceremonies, customs,
practices, and historical accounts of the
Japanese people
-Most of the surviving Japanese myths are
recorded in the Kojiki (compiled 712;
“Records of Ancient Matters”) and the
Nihon shoki (compiled in 720; “Chronicles
of Japan”). These works tell of the origin of
the ruling class and were apparently aimed
at strengthening its authority. Therefore,
they are not pure myths but have much
political colouring.
-They are based on two main traditions: the
Yamato Cycle, centred around the sun
goddess Amaterasu Ōmikami, and the
Izumo Cycle, in which the principal
character is Susanoo (or Susanowo) no
Mikoto, the brother of Amaterasu
-Genealogies and mythological records
were kept in Japan, at least from the 6th
century AD and probably long before that.
By the time of the emperor Temmu (7th
century), it became necessary to know the
genealogy of all important families in order
to establish the position of each in the eight
levels of rank and title modeled after the
Chinese court system
-For this reason, Temmu ordered the
compilation of myths and genealogies that
finally resulted in the Kojiki and Nihon
shoki. The compilers of these and other
early documents had at their disposal not
only oral tradition but also documentary
sources.
-A greater variety of sources was available
to the compiler of the Nihon shoki. While
the Kojiki is richer in genealogy and myth,
the Nihon shoki adds a great deal to
scholarly understanding of both the history
and the myth of early Japan.
-The purpose of the cosmologies of the
Kojiki and Nihon shoki is to trace the
imperial genealogy back to the foundation
of the world.
AMATERASU Japanese sun goddess, the
queen of heaven, kami, and creation itself.
AME-NO-UZUME Japanese goddess of the
dawn, who saved the world from eternal
night
BENZAITEN Japanese goddess of luck
and wisdom, kami of all that flows, from
water to time.
BISHAMONTEN Japanese god of war and
fortune, protector of Buddhist temples and
shrines.
household deity, god of luck and fortune-
seekers
EBISU Smiling Japanese god of luck,
wealth, and prosperity, patron of fishermen.
FUJIN Japanese god of the wind,
frighteningly powerful and neither good nor
evil.
FUKUROKUJU Japanese god of wealth
and longevity, representing the Southern
Polestar.
HODERI Jealous Japanese god of the sea
who brings good luck to fishermen.
HOTEI The “Laughing Buddha,” a
benevolent Japanese god and symbol of
luck.
INARI Complex Japanese deity and patron
of tea, rice, prosperity, smithing, and foxes.
IZANAGI One of Japanese mythology’s
divine creators, father of the islands of
Japan.
JIZO One of Japan’s most beloved
bodhisattva, protector of children and the
dead.
JUROJIN The “Old Man of Longevity,”
Japanese manifestation of the Southern
Polestar.
KAGUTSUCHI Japanese god of fire, patron
of blacksmiths and craftsmen who work
with fire.
KANNON Goddess of compassion and
mercy, the most popular bodhisattva in
Japan.
KICHIJOTEN Japanese goddess of beauty
and fertility, worshipped primarily by
women.
NINIGI Japanese deity credited with
bringing rice, civilization, and justice to
humanity.
RAIJIN Chaotic but popular Japanese god
of thunder, lightning, and storms.
SUSANOO Tempestuous Japanese god of
seas and storms and slayer of dragons.
TSUKUYOMI Japanese moon god forever
separated from his wife, sun goddess
Amaterasu.
CHINESE PANTHEON
CHINESE MYTHOLOGY
-Like many Eastern cultures, Chinese
mythology has been passed down orally
from generation to generation and recorded
in some sort of literary form.
-Many stories have two versions, one with a
rather historical outlook and another that
forgoes it completely for a fable.
-At this point, it is important to note that the
word "god" may have different connotations
than the Abrahamic God. In Chinese, the
reading for the word "god" is closer to "soul"
or "spirit" than to an omnipotent being.
-There were also spirits known as Kuei-
shen that inhabited trees, streams, and
other natural habitats. Then, there were
Guei who had died and passed on but
whose bodies were not respected after
death, leading to an eviler disposition.
-More than 200 gods and goddesses were
worshipped throughout the ancient land,
ranging from creation deities to legendary
figures.
CATEGORIES OF CHINESE DEITIES
-Mythological beings
-Natural spirits
-Legendary historical humans elevated to
the realm of the gods
-Deities tied to the three major religions of
the land: Confucianism, Buddhism, and
Taoism
PANGU
-Before the birth of the cosmos, chaos
prevailed under cover of absolute darkness.
-A formless, primordial void clamped the
universe. For around 18,000 years, the
chaos arbitrarily composed itself in the form
of an egg The egg contained the essence
of the entire cosmos.
-According to lore, yin and yang battled
against each other in the strict confines of
the egg, finally arriving at harmony. This
balance brought about a supreme being,
Pangu.
-Pangu symbolizes Tai chi, the Chinese
concept of infinite potential in this
metaphorical fetal position - the precursor
to duality.
-Trapped in the shell, he rubbed and moved
against the shell and broke the egg with an
ax. This act set everything free, releasing
the universe from its caged shell and
establishing planetary bodies. The two
halves formed the earth and the heavens.
-Pangu burst forth from the shell. His name,
meaning "Ancient coil", refers to his age
and the fact that he was curled up in the
egg due to lack of space.
-The first written record of Pangu's myth
comes from the Three Kingdoms period
that approximately lasted from 220 to 280
CE. Many creation myths predate the myth
of Pangu.
FUXI
-The original male ancestor and the first
hero of Chinese mythology.
-Fuxi is the inventor of a writing system,
music, the domestication of animals,
fishing, hunting, and cooking.
-Ban Gu, the ancient Chinese historian,
explains: He laid down the laws of
humanity.
-One of the most powerful gods, he is often
depicted having the upper body of a
human with the lower body of a snake.
Born to the goddess Huaxu, Fuxi married
his sister, Nuwa, and according to one
myth, the two were responsible for the birth
of humanity.
NUWA
-Nuwa is often called the mother goddess
of Chinese mythology due to her role in
establishing human life on Earth.
-As the purveyor of vitality and health,
Nuwa was the female figure for women to
look up to.
-In one myth, she and Fuxi are credited with
the genesis of human life through
marriage.
-In another story, Nuwa goes for a walk;
she is overcome by a spell of despair and
starts to sculpt figures from clay.
-Starting small and working her way up to
making an image of herself, she gave life to
animals and people.
-She is also known for undoing a calamity
that descended from the heavens unto the
Earth.
WUFANG SHANGDI
-Shangdi is the Chinese term for "Highest
Deity" and is probably the closest
translation to the definition of a universal
deity as found in the Abrahamic religions,
Judaism, Christianity, & Islam. However, in
theological discourse, the term is used in
widely different ways.
In Taoism, the source, the path, or the way
known as the "Tao" serves as a guiding
light to humanity.
In theistic forms of Taoism, Wufang Shangdi
refers to the five emperors who are
considered the physical manifestations of
TIAN, the chief heavenly entity in ancient
Chinese philosophy.
The five manifestations represent five
colors, five mountains in China, five phases
of eternal creation, and many more.
Individually, they can be understood as:
1. Huangdi – the Yellow Deity of the North
2. Cangdi – the Bluegreen Deity of the
Eastern peak
3. Heidi – the Black Deity of the Northern
Peak
4. Chidi – the Red Deity of the Southern
Peak
5. Baidi – the White Deity of the Western
Peak
YU DI or THE JADE EMPEROR
-One of the most popular figures in
Chinese tradition is the Jade Emperor.
-He is the assistant of one of the Three
Divine Teachers that form the Taoist Trinity.
-Often considered the ruler of heaven, the
leadership traits of the first emperor of
China are the stuff of legends
-His appearance has constituted the
stereotype of an ideal emperor for a long
time. His ideas and guidance light the way
for all emperors.
-Some myths declare that the Jade
Emperor was born with the initial expulsion
of Pangu from the egg, but according to
most myths, the emperor was a mere
mortal who was elevated to the ranks of the
gods once he achieved enlightenment.
-The Jade Emperor appears in many
folktales of the Chinese and is said to
appear around the Chinese New Year and
judge people according to their deeds.
XIWANGMU
-Xiwangmu, is said to be the wife of the
The Jade Emperor according to some
myths. She is often associated with Taoism,
even though the earliest mentions of her in
historical inscriptions predates Taoism.
-She oversees the lifespan of human
beings and decides on the occurrences
of major disasters.
-She had several children with her
husband, and some of them served as
important religious figures.
-The powerful, high-ranking goddess often
serves as a mythological feminist icon
due to her strength, courage, and raw
character.
-She symbolizes prosperity, bliss, and
longevity; tended to the Peaches 🍑 🍑 of
Immortality in the palace gardens
SUN WUKONG
-One of the four great classical novels of
Chinese literature is the Journey to the
West, the origin story of the monkey king,
Sun Wukong.
-A legendary figure of the Chinese literary
canon and certainly the most popular one in
the West, Sun Wukong is even the subject
of a video game, King Kong
-The trickster god can transform himself
into 72 animals, control natural forces like
wind, water, and fire, and possesses
amazing strength.
-Born from a stone, his rebellion against
the heavens lands him in a mountain,
where he was imprisoned by none other
than the Buddha
-After a few centuries, he became the
disciple of a monk named Tang Sanzang
and followed him to India to look for ancient
texts.
-With the monk's teachings, Sun Wukong
finally attains Nirvana and curtails his
streak of greed, envy, and anger
HOU YI, THE ARCHER & CHANG’E, THE
MOON GODDESS
-When the nights were elusive, the days
were hot as coal, and ten suns lit the Earth,
the archer Hou Yi struck down nine suns to
comfort the planet and its inhabitants. The
Jade Emperor was delighted, and
Xiwangmu gave him an elixir of immortality
as a reward. He was to return to the
emperor's palace as a deity, but he could
not decide how to leave his wife.
-Before he could revel in the magnificence
of the drink, his wife, Chang'e, stole it. She
drank it, turned immortal, and fled to the
moon.
-The romantic Hou Yi weathered the harsh
trial of life and, by embracing humility,
began to fall in love once again. He started
leaving treats outside to show affection and
love to his estranged wife, the moon
goddess. People continue the tradition to
this day.
LONG WANG
-As the oldest symbol of a deity in China,
images of the dragon date back to as far as
5000 BCE.
-Longwang, the dragon king, is the
Chinese god who manipulates weather,
dragons, and sea monsters. An
embodiment of yang, the dragon king
represents good fortune.
-His four brothers are his subordinates and
supervise the waters, one per cardinal
direction.
-The wise and just deity was responsible
for rain. As a sea creature, he is quite
popular in coastal areas, where he serves
as the patron saint for fishermen,
sailors, and farmers. He is especially
remembered in times of drought and
famine

THE EIGHT IMMORTALS
-The Eight Immortals are a legendary group
of deities that fight against evil and work to
uphold the values of justice.
-Settled on five islands in the Bohai Sea,
they are said to be the only ones who can
move around the shallow body of water.
-The Eight Immortals are precursors to the
modern idea of superheroes. In fact, this
group has served as an inspiration for many
pop-culture phenomena.
HINDU PANTHEON
HINDU MYTHOLOGY
The Pantheon of Hindu Gods is vast. Yet, in
fact, Hindus are a monotheistic religion
worshiping one God. Hindus believe that
there is only one ultimate reality; Brahman.
TRIMURTI - The trimurti collapses the three
gods into a single form with three faces.
Each god is in charge of one aspect of
creation, with Brahma as creator, Vishnu
as preserver, and Shiva as destroyer.
DHARMA is the doctrine, the universal truth
common to all individuals at all times,
proclaimed by the Buddha.
BRAHMA: GOD OF CREATION
Part of the TRIMURTI, Brahma is the Hindu
god of creation and one of the Trimurti. The
others two Hindu Gods in the Trimurti are
Vishnu and Shiva. Brahmas consort is
Saraswati.
VISHNU: THE PRESERVER
Hindu god Vishnu is one of the principal
deities of Hinduism and part of the Trimurti.
Lord Vishnu is responsible for upholding the
moral order, or dharma of the universe.
SHIVA: THE DESTROYER
Part of the TRIMURTI, Hindu god Shiva is
the most popular of all the Hindu deities.
Shiva the Destroyer is the lord who is
responsible for maintaining the cycle of
existence; beginning and conclusion.
GANESH: REMOVER OF OBSTACLES
Hindu god Ganesh is the god of wisdom
and success. Known as "The Remover of
Obstacles" he is invoked before starting a
venture to ease the path from difficulties.
NATARAJA: DANCING LORD SHIVA
Lord Shiva as Hindu god Nataraja
represents the apocalypse and creation
as he dances away the illusory world of
Maya, transforming it into power and
enlightenment
KRISHNA: KRISHNA
Hindu god Krishna is widely revered as one
of the most popular of all Indian divinities.
Lord Krishna is worshipped as the eighth
incarnation of the Hindu god Vishnu. He is
the god of protection, compassion,
tenderness, and love
PARVATI: BENIGN ASPECT OF DEVI
Hindu goddess Parvati is the benevolent
aspect of the female form of mother Devi.
Devi Parvati is known as "daughter of the
mountain". She is the goddess of the
Himalayas.
*Devi – a goddess
HANUMAN: MONKEY GOD
The Hindu God Hanuman is the monkey
deity renowned for his courage, power, and
faithful selfless service. He is the divine
companion of the god Rama.
RAMA: INCARNATION OF VISHNU
As an avatar of the Hindu god Vishnu,
Rama possesses the power of flight, and in
battle he wields a sword and the bow of
Vayu, which shoots flaming arrows.
LAKSHMI: GODDESS OF WISDOM
Hindu goddess Lakshmi, also called Laxmi,
is the goddess of wealth, fortune, power,
luxury, beauty, fertility, and auspiciousness.
SARASWATI: GODDESS OF WISDOM
Saraswati, goddess of knowledge and the
arts, embodies the wisdom of Devi. She is
the river of consciousness that enlivens
creation.
DURGA: THE UNCONQUERABLE
The Hindu Goddess Durga is the most
splendid manifestation of Devi. Goddess
Durga contains within her the power of all
the Hindu gods combined.
KALI: MALEVOLENT FORM OF DEVI
To aid her son in his endeavor to rid the
three worlds of the multiplying demon,
Raktabija, Parvati entered the cosmic
battlefield as the dreaded goddess Kali -
dark as death
MURUGAN: GOD OF WAR
Hindu god Murugan has many nicknames
but his most common is Skanda. As far as
Indian history goes, Skanda began his
existence basically from the beginning.
SHAKTI: FEMININE ENERGY
The Shakta tradition glorifies Devi, the
consort of Shiva, as the World Mother who,
as Hindu goddess Shakti, is the energy
giving power behind all creation.
PATANJALI: FATHER OF YOGA
Pantanjali's most known accomplishment is
the compilation of the Yoga Sutras. He is
also the assumed writer of work on the
ancient Indian medicine system.
FILIPINO PANTHEON
FILIPINO MYTHOLOGY
The stories of ancient Philippine mythology
include deities, creation stories, mythical
creatures, and beliefs. Ancient Philippine
mythology varies among the many
indigenous tribes of the Philippines. Some
groups during the pre-Spanish conquest
era believed in a single Supreme Being
who created the world and everything in it,
while others chose to worship a multitude of
tree and forest deities (diwatas).
Diwatas came from the Sanskrit word
devata which means “deity“, one of the
several significant Hindu influences in the
Pre-Hispanic religion of the ancient
Filipinos.
FILIPINO PANTHEON
The Deities of Philippine Mythology are the
gods, goddesses and diwatas worshiped by
ancient Filipinos before the Christianization
of the natives after the Spanish conquest of
the Philippines. While not as widely known
as its European and Asian counterparts,
they have similar elements and
characteristics when compared to other
mythologies.
This section includes the deities of the
Ancient Tagalogs from a certain pantheon
story. The first part as shown below were
the residents of Kaluwalhatian (the Ancient
Tagalog counterpart of Christian’s Heaven).
BATHALA
a.k.a Abba "Maykapal sa lahat" siva ang
tagapag-likha ng mundo at tagapag-
subaybay ng sangkatauhan. Strikto siya sa
kanyang mga batas ngunit galante sa mga
sumusunod sa kanva.
"Bahala na!” ang paboritong sabihin ng mga
taong asa lagi sa biyaya ni Bathala
IDIANALE
Goddess of Labor andGood Deeds
Isa siya sa mga katulong ni Bathala na
nakatira sa kalangitan. Dito, Napangasawa
niya ang isa pang diyos na si Dumangan.
Dian Masalanta
Goddess of Lovers, Childbirth and Peace
Pinakamabait at mapagmahalisa mga diyos
ng langit Pinarusahan si Dian Masalanta
nang umibig siya sa isang mortal.
Ipinatapon siva sa mundo mga tao, isang
parusa na labis niyang ikinasaya dahil
makakasama na niya ang kaniyang mahal.
ANITUN TABU
Goddess of the Wind and Rain
Tinatawag din ha Aniton Tauo sa Zambales,
sinasabing dating mataas ang posisyon
niya sa mga diyos ngunit ibinaba ang
kanyang ranggo dahil sa labis na
kayabangan
DUMAKULEN
Guardian of the Mountain
Kilala siya ng mga sinaunang Tagalog
bilang magaling na mangangaso
LIBULAN
God of the Moon Patron God of
Homosexuality
Ayon sa ibang k'wento, naakit ng
kagandahan ng buwan 'si Sidapa (Diyos ng
Kamatayan). Niligawan niya ito nang hindi
iniisip na pareho ang kanilang kasarian.
Sinasabing hanggangngayon ay
magkasama pa rin sila at masayang
naninirahan sa Mt. Madjaas sa Panay
DUMANGAN
God of Good Harvest
Sa kultura ng Zambales, si Dumangan ang
dahilan ng magandang ani ng bigas. Asawa
Siya ni Idianale at pareho silang nakatira
kalangitan
Amihan
Deity of the Wind
Isa siya sa unang tatlong nilalang sa
mundo, kasama nina Bathala (Langit) at
Aman Sinaya (Dagat) nasabing wala siyang
kasarian at sinisimbolo ng isang gintong
ibon
Demigods
- tatlong anak ni Bathala sa isang mortal
(Tagalog region)
Mayari Goddess of moon
Hanan Goddess of Morning
Tala Goddess of stars
APOLAKI
God of the Sun, patron of warriors (Tagalog
and Pangasinan Regions)
Sa ibang kwento, siya at si Mayari ang
dalawang anak ni Bathala sa isang mortal.
Ang liwanag ng kanilang mga mata ang
nagsisilbing ilaw sa buong mundo.
Nang mamatatay si Bathala, pinag-awayan
nila kung sino ang dapat Na magmana ng
kanyang trono
Naglaban sila hanggang sa mabulag ang
isang mata ni Mayari, na labis na
pinagsisihan ni Apolaki
BAKUNAWA
Giant Sea serpent (Visayas and Bicol
Regions)
Sa ibang istorya, mayroon tayong pitong
buwan noong unang panahon. Ngunit
kinain ni Bakunawa ang mga ito hanggang
sa
isa na lang ang matira. Upang protektahan
and huling buwan inutusan ni Bathala ang
mga tao na mag-ingay gamit ang mga
kaldero at kawali upang matakot ito
ANAGOLAY
Goddess of Lost Things Tagalog Region
Ipinangalan sa kanya ang isang Asteroyd
matapos itong irekomenda ng isang
filipinong estudiyante at manalo sa libo-
libong pángalan ipinasa ng 85 bansa sa
Space Generation Advisory Council.
Asawa mo Lakapati, itinuturing siyang isa
sa pinakamabait na diwata. Kilala rin bilang
diwata ng kalusugan, minamanipula niya
ang panahon upang magpatubo ng mga
halamang gamot para ibigay sa mga
may sakit.
LAKAPATI
Hermaphrodite Goddess of Fertility and
Agriculture
~ Tagalog region
Kilala siya bilang pinakamabait na diwata
ng mga Tagalog. Tuwing panahon ng ani
itinataas nila sa langit
lang kanilang mga anak at nagdadasal;
“Lakapati, pakanin mo yaring alipin mo,
huwag mong gutumin”
Nang maglaon ay nagging asáwa siya ni
Mapulon,
matapos ang maraming taon na paniiligaw.
ARING SINUKUAN
Sun God of War and Death
Kapampangan Region
Naninirahan sa Mt. Arayat, siva umano ang
nagturo sa mga sinaunang Kapampangan
ng metalurhiya, pangangahoy at
pagpapalay
ANITO
Tagalog and pampanga regions
Mga diwata na inatasan ni Bathala na
mamuhay kasama ang mga mortal
Lakan Bakod lord of fences
Lakambini God pf Purity
Lakan Danum Ruler of the waters

SITAN
God of the Lower World
Pinuno ng Kasamaan, ang sinaunang
impiyerno. Inaakit niya ang mga mortal na
gumawa ng masama, sa tulong no kanyang
apat na alagad.

MGA ALAGAD:

1. MANGGAGÄWA
Healer/Killer
Kaya niyang pahabain o paikllin ang iyong
bUhay gamit ang Kanyang mahiwagang
baton

2. MANSISILAT
Homewrecker
Madalas na nagpapanggap bilang-
matandang manlilimos upang makapasok
sa ma bahay at makapanira ng mga
relasyon ng mag-asawa

3. MANGKUKULAM
Most Powerful Witch
sinisilaban ng apoy ang bahay .ng kanyang
biktima. Kapag mabilis na naapula ang
apoy,
mabilis din siyang mamamatay

HUKLUBAN
Shapeshifter
Kayang manakit ng kahit na sino sa
pamamagitan lamang ng salita

MAPULON
God of Seasons Tagalog region