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In the construction of ÿncesu traditional houses, stone materials are used extensively.

is seen. Wooden material is generally used in interior ceilings, cabinets,

It appears in windows and ornamental details.

Figure 2.16. View from the streets with traditional residences

Vineyard Houses

Another building type that we will consider under the title of civil architectural structures in

ÿncesu district is the vineyard houses in the district, also called “evcik”. Vineyard houses in the district

Stone material was used in its construction and the houses are covered with vaults. Kayseri

The vineyard house has an important place in its culture. The people in the region migrate to their winter houses in winter,

In summer, they stay in vineyard houses. This tradition is also seen in ÿncesu. On time

It is known that viticulture and grape growing are important in the district. HE

During the periods, the people stay in the vineyard houses until the vintage. next link

vineyard houses are not used until they are destroyed (Denktaÿ, 1989).

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CHAPTER 3

TRADITIONAL KAYSERÿ HOUSES

3.1. GENERAL FEATURES

Traditional Anatolian houses are essentially single-storey, but raised from the ground.

it is a structure independent of the broken ground (Cansever, 2002; Altan et al., 2021).

The traditional Turkish House typology is characterized by its functional, structural or symbolic elements.

the basic typological unit and certain and specific differences between these elements.

emerges with the determination of relationships (Arel, 1982; Altan et al., 2021).

Kayseri, one of the important cities of the Central Anatolia Region, has a geographical location and climate.

and has a distinctive civil architecture due to the texture of the region. in the region

Stone quarries are effective in constructing traditional houses from stone materials.

has been (Figure 3.1.). Kayseri is an important place where stonework and stone structures come to the fore.

are settlements. Stone in the shaping and decoration of the houses in the region

material usage is dominant (Tali, 2005).

a) Kayseri house b) Raÿit Aÿa mansion

Figure 3.1. Traditional Kayseri houses

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In Kayseri, also known as the city of monumental stone structures, Roman, Byzantine, Seljuk and

The structures built during the Ottoman period were built with stone materials. Date

stone and stone in Kayseri, where important stone works are still standing during the development periods.

craftsmanship has become an important art (Tali, 2005).

ÿmamoÿlu (2006) expressed the Kayseri house as follows: “Kayseri house is a dense city.

introvert growing/ developing asymmetrically around the courtyard or garden

is a building. Within the framework of the view and thought that was valid at the time the houses were built, the house was built.

by the masters, taking into account the wishes, needs and preferences of the owner.

was being made. Spontaneously evolving plans, along crooked narrow streets

listed houses. Houses are generally made of square and rectangular prisms of different heights.

formed by coming together. Significant volumes such as the sofa are larger than others.

high.”

a) Traditional Kayseri houses in 1973, b) Street view from traditional Kayseri houses
(Sonmez, 2012) (2021) Figure 3.2.
Traditional Kayseri houses

Traditional houses in the region are usually built with one or two floors. Classical

Kayseri houses, which have the characteristics of Turkish houses, will not affect each other's field of vision.

(Tali, 2005) (Figure 3.2.). built in adjoining

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While movable facades are created with cantilevers and consoles in places, the same

At the same time, the street texture has also been enriched (Figure 3.3.).

Figure 3.3. Traditional Kayseri houses

Consisting of sections such as sofa, harem rooms, tokana and barn, it is located on both sides of the street.

Kayseri houses built opposite each other are a sheltered castle with high stone walls.

(Figure 3.4. and 3.5.). In the courtyard of the houses called "Hayat",

It is entered through a double-winged door called the "fork door". in the life section

The well, which is located and meets the water needs, is one of the important elements of the houses (Tali, 2005).

Figure 3.4. Güpgüpoÿlu Mansion main entrance gate Figure 3.5. Güpgüpoÿlu mansion life section

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Narrow streets in areas with traditional houses reflecting the neighborhood culture

the end of the houses built on it, sometimes leading to a dead end; some houses have

Allows street passage under it. These sections, called “Kabaltÿ”, are located under the rooms.

means. The house that allows the street to pass under the room

integrated (Figure 3.6.) (Bolak Hisarlÿgil, 2007).

Figure 3.6. Kabaaltÿ examples in traditional Kayseri houses

Kayseri houses can be divided into two groups as vineyard houses and town houses. city people

According to the culture of shelter, the people living in the town house (winter house) in winter, with the arrival of spring

Together they live in vineyard houses until the end of the fall semester. for a long time

This way of life, which has been going on for a long time, continues today. city and vineyard

Traditional building examples can be found in both houses.

The size and decoration of the houses also vary according to the financial situation of the landlord.

Since the 16th century, the density of the Christian population in the residential architecture of Kayseri

has had a limited effect on the civil architecture. Construction date late 19th century, early 20th century

Western architectural elements can be found especially on the exteriors of non-Muslim houses.

In this respect, the doors of the Greek and Armenian houses generally reflect the archaic style;

Seljuk style is found in the entrance doors of Muslim houses (Figure 3.7. and

Figure 3.8.) (Celebi, 2017).

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Figure 3.7. Historical Armenian house entrance Figure 3.8. Güpgüpoÿlu Mansion harem
door in Setenönü neighborhood gate

According to sources, in general, non-Muslims are wealthier than Muslims.

The conditions of civil residences belonging to non-Muslims are also better because they are

status. Traditional Muslim houses in Kayseri are smaller and more

It contains few rooms. Wealthy Muslims also have better standards than normal,

They lived in fancy houses. Muslims and Christians living together

in mixed neighborhoods and towns, the building materials and designs of houses

appears to be similar. Multiple structures for houses, such as stone and small brick

material is used. Wooden houses are not encountered in Kayseri (Çelebi,

2017).

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Figure 3.9. Courtyard of historical Armenian mansion

Figure 3.9. and 3.10., located in the Setenönü neighborhood and approximately 200 years old.

The historical Armenian house, which is known to be known as Kayseri Metropolitan Municipality, today.

It serves as a conservatory. Consisting of basement, ground and first floor and

Stone material was used in the construction of the historical house, which has a large courtyard. Window,

wooden material is used in the doors and shutters. Stonework in building design and

Simplicity is at the forefront. On the doors, we see the decoration details with molding and flower motifs.

comes out. There are Ionic and Corinthian column capitals in the courtyard. building, archaic

reflects stylistic features.

Figure 3.10. Photos from the courtyard of the historic Armenian mansion

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The Raÿit Aÿa mansion in Figure 3.11 was built in the 19th century.

It is the last example of the environmental building tradition in Kayseri. Handwork in the making

The building, which was built under the influence of local materials, is still standing in Kayseri.

It is one of the important examples of civil architecture that has survived (Atatürk House Museum archive, 2021).

Wooden materials were used in the windows, overhangs and shutters of the mansion, which was built

using stone materials. On the upper floor of the building, which consists of two floors,

bay windows were built and the bay window was supported by buttresses. bay window

and the moldings on the floors have brought movement to the façade.

Figure 3.11. Rashid Agha mansion

In 1919, when Mustafa Kemal Atatürk first came to Kayseri, he stayed in this mansion for two nights.

has been hosted. The mansion was established in 1976 as an immovable cultural property to be protected.

registered as. After it was expropriated by the Ministry of Culture in 1978,

It was opened as a museum in 1983 under the name of "Atatürk House".

Since then, it has started to serve as the “State Fine Arts Gallery Atatürk House Museum”.

(Atatürk House Museum archive, 2021).

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Figure 3.12. Gupgupoglu mansion model Figure 3.13. Güpgüpoÿlu mansion main
entrance door

Güpgüpoÿlu Mansion, one of the qualified traditional houses in Kayseri, has a 1400s.

built over the years. The mansion consists of two parts, the haremlik and the selamlik.

consists of. The high exterior, which has the appearance of a castle and stone materials are used in its construction.

The mansion, surrounded by walls, is an inward-looking structure with a courtyard (Figures 3.12. and 3.13.).

With its door entrance, construction techniques, simplicity, handicraft and monumental stance, the building is Seljuk

style is found. Privacy is prioritized in the traditional historical mansion

(Kayseri Ethnography Museum archive, 2021).

Güpgüpoÿlu Mansion is one of the important traditional buildings of Kayseri.

Immovable Cultural Property to be Protected by Expropriation by the Ministry of Culture

registered as. After the restoration works, the mansion since 1995,

opened as a museum-house, the Selamlÿk section of the Ethnography Museum (Figure 3.14.), the harem

part of it was built in the form of a museum-house (Figure 3.15.). Today, the Ethnographic Museum

(Kayseri Ethnography Museum archive, 2021).

Figure 3.14. Gupgupoglu Mansion Selamlik section Figure 3.15. Güpgüpoÿlu Mansion harem
section

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3.2. PLAN FEATURES

Sedad Hakkÿ Eldem (1984) describes the spatial setup of traditional houses in Kayseri as follows:

He defined it as follows: “The oldest one is with an iwan, the second with an outer sofa, and the third with an inner

sofa.” (Imamoglu, 2006). Çakÿroÿlu (1952), on the other hand, describes the traditional Kayseri house as follows:

He used the words: “Almost every house consists of three basic places as a scheme.

4-5 meters in length, 7-7.5 meters, which is called the sofa in the middle and receives light only in the direction it is entered.

meters wide sofa… There is a kitchen and a harem room on both sides of it. these two

It is passed through the sofa in the middle. Usually, after these three main areas, houses, additions

and expanded.”

Among the civil architecture, the most characteristic houses in Kayseri are generally sofa-tokana.

It consists of the harem trio. In traditional Kayseri houses, the most important element in the plan

is the sofa (ÿmamoÿlu, 2010). Sofa in Kayseri houses, the most preferred seating

is a place (Faroqhi, 2007). Since the sofa is the most important part of the house,

higher than other units. The sofa, which is considered in a rectangular plan in Kayseri houses,

it is a center that provides the transition to the other spaces of the house (Figures 3.16 and 3.17.).

The entrance, the courtyard, the harem room and the buckle were connected to the sofa, and with this situation, the building was connected to the sofa.

developed around it (Sonmez, 2012).

Figure 3.16. Gupgupoglu mansion sofa Figure 3.17. Raÿit Aÿa mansion sofa

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The sofa is functionally divided into two as a bench and a bench. Terrace,

In old houses, after the entrance of the room, the raised floor is the part of the living room.

Sekialtÿ is the small and raft covered service area at the entrance of the room (ÿmamoÿlu, 2010).

Thanks to the sekialtÿ section of the sofa, which consists of seki and sekialtÿ sections, the buckle and

Access to the harem is provided, and thanks to the era section under the seki, the sofa can be accessed.

service is provided from here (Figure 3.18.). The age is covered with saline stone

Thanks to this, the shoes can be taken off under the belt. Seki part is “cedar” or

It is the place where the sitting area in the sofa is located, which is called the “limbler” (Sönmez,

2012).

a) Undersecret b) Sekialtÿ to buckle c) Sekialtÿ to harem connection Figure 3.18.

Güpgüpoÿlu mansion sekialtÿ section

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