Instructor Mr. Louis Edmund S.

Maravilla
Subject Code BEED 6
Course Description Teaching Science in the Elementary Grades (Physics, Earth, and Space Science)
Section B
Semester 2nd Semester
Academic Year 2022-2023
Schedule T-TH 1:00-2:30 PM

No. Student No. Last Name, First Name, MI Course - Year

6 202100791 Dogenio, Cherry Mae T. BEED - 2
202120405 Sarupan, Nica S. BEED - 2
22 202121582 Villalas, Bernadette T. BEED - 2
23 202120418 Yusores, Keilah Chelcee C. BEED - 2

Subjec Physics
t
Grade
Topic Chapter 6. Circular and Rotational Motion

Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
Cognitive
1. Understand the various aspect of motion.
2. Identify the relationship between angular velocity and speed.
3. Recall learning about the measurements of the degree and the radian.
Psychomotor
1. Calculate the angular velocity.
2. To practice solving rotation kinematics and torque problem.
3. Explore examples of both circular and rotational motion.
Affective
1. Describe the difference between circular and rotational motion.
2. Participate in class discussion.
3. Demonstrate an understanding about how fast an object rotates using the concept of angular velocity.
I. Opening Hook/Motivation (5 minutes)
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
Good afternoon class!

Before we formerly start our discussion for today, we will have a

short activity first. We have here some jumbled words that are
related to our topic,and you are going to guess it. Please raise
your hand if you want to answer. Understood?

1. TTORNAION - ROTATION
2. RAECCEATLION - ACCELERATION (Students will answer)
3. LICRUACR - CIRCULAR
4. NTOIMO - MOTION
5. YVOLICET - VELOCITY

II. Lesson Proper (30 minutes)

Subtopics
a. 6.1 Angle of Rotation and Angular Velocity
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
What exactly do we mean by circular motion or rotation?
Circular motion is described as a movement of an object while
rotating along a circular path. It can be either uniform or non-
uniform. During uniform circular motion the angular rate of
rotation and speed will be constant while during non-uniform
motion the rate of rotation keeps changing.
Examples:
1. a race car speeding around a circular curve
2. a toy attached to a string swinging in a circle
around your head
3. or the circular loop-the-loop on a roller coaster

Rotational motion is the circular motion of an object about an axis

of rotation.
Spin is rotation about an axis that goes through the center of
mass of the object.
Examples:
1. Earth rotating on its axis
2. a wheel turning on its axle
3. the spin of a tornado on its path of destruction
4. a figure skater spinning during a performance at the Olympics

When objects rotate about some axis—for example, when the CD

in Figure 6.2 rotates about its center—each point in the object
follows a circular path.

Figure 6.2

The arc length, , is the distance traveled along a circular path.

The radius of curvature, r, is the radius of the circular path. Both
are shown in Figure 6.3.
 Figure 6.3

Example:
Consider a line from the center of the CD to its edge. In a given
time, each pit (used to record information) on this line moves
through the same angle. The angle of rotation is the amount of
rotation and is the angular analog of distance. The angle of
rotation is the arc length divided by the radius of curvature.

The angle of rotation is often measured by using a unit called the

radian.
A radian is defined as the ratio of two distances, radius and arc
length.
A revolution is one complete rotation, where every point on the
circle returns to its original position.

1 revolution = rad = 360°. See Table 6.1 for the conversion of

degrees to radians for some common angles.
What is Angular Velocity?
Angular velocity is the vector measure of the rotation rate,
which refers to how fast an object rotates or revolves relative to
another point. In simple words, angular velocity is the time rate at
which an object rotates or revolves about an axis.
Where an angular rotation Δθ takes place in a time Δt. The
greater the rotation angle in a given amount of time, the greater
the angular velocity. The units for angular velocity are radians per
second (rad/s).

Angular velocity ω is analogous to linear velocity v. To get

the precise relationship between angular and linear velocity, we
again consider a pit on the rotating CD. This pit moves an arc
length Δs in a time Δt, and so it has a linear velocity

From Δθ=Δsr we see that Δs=rΔθ . Substituting this into the

expression for v gives

We write this relationship in two different ways and gain two

different insights:

The first relationship in v=rω or ω=vr states that the linear

velocity v is proportional to the distance from the center of
rotation, thus, it is largest for a point on the rim (largest r ), as
you might expect. We can also call this linear speed v of a point
on the rim the tangential speed. The second relationship in v=rω
or ω=vr can be illustrated by considering the tire of a moving car.
Note that the speed of a point on the rim of the tire is the same as
the speed v of the car.

Example:

*A car moving at a velocity v to the right has a tire rotating

with an angular velocity ω.The speed of the tread of the tire
relative to the axle v , the same as if the car were jacked up.
Thus the car moves forward at linear velocity v=rw, where r is
the tire radius. A larger angular velocity for the tire means a
greater velocity for the car.

How Fast Does a Car Tire Spin?

Calculate the angular velocity of a 0.300 m radius car tire when
the car travels at 15.0m/s (about 54km/h ).
Solution:
To calculate the angular velocity, we will use the following
relationship:

Substituting the knowns,

Problem 2:
A ball is revolving in a circle of diameter 4 m with velocity 20
m/s find its angular velocity.

Radius of circle = diameter/2 = 4/2 = 2m

Linear velocity = 20 m/s

 Angular velocity = v / r

Ω = 20 / 2 = 10 rad/sec

b. 6.2 Uniform Circular Motion

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
Centripetal Acceleretion
- is the simplest case of circular motion is uniform motion, where
an object travels a circular path at a speed. Note that, unlike
speed, the linear velocity of an object in circular motion is
constantly changing it’s because it is always changing direction.
Therefore, an object undergoing uniform circular motion is always
accelerating, even though the magnitude of it’s velocity is
constant.

An acceleration is in the direction of the change in velocity and

so, we call the acceleration of an object moving in uniform
circular motion the centripetal acceleration ac because centripetal
means center seeking.

- The figure 6.7 the direction of the velocity of an object at two

different points are shown, and the change in velocity v is seen
to point approximately toward the center of curvature. For an
extremely small value of s , v points exactly toward the center of
the circle. Because ac= v , the acceleration is also toward the
center so ac, is called centripetal acceleration.

Now that we know the direction of centripetal acceleration is

toward the center of rotation, now let’s discuss the magnitude of
centripetal acceleration. For an object traveling at speed n in
circular path with radius r, the magnitude of centripetal
acceleration is
Centripetal acceleration is greater at high speeds and in sharp
curves. The magnitude of angular velocity is

Any force of combination of forces can cause a centripetal

acceleration.

So any force using uniform circular motion is called centripetal

force the direction of a centripetal force is toward the center of
rotation, the same as for centripetal acceleration. Note if we solve
the first expression for r, we get

See the figure 6.8, the frictional force f serves as the centripetal
force fc. Centripetal force is perpendicular to tangential velocity
and causes uniform motion.

c. 6.3 Rotational Motion

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
Rotational motion it's describes the relationship between the
angle of rotation, angular velocity, angular acceleration, and time.
What is angular velocity?
So, its is not constant—rotational motion can speed up, slow
down, or reverse directions.
Angular velocity is not constant when a spinning skater pulls in
her arms, when a child pushes a merry-go-round to make it
rotate, or when a CD slows to a halt when switched off.
This is the symbol of angular velocity ( ω )
What is angular acceleration?
Angular acceleration α is the rate of change of angular velocity.
( α)- angular acceleration symbol.
In equation form, average angular acceleration is
α=ΔωΔt,
where Δω is the change in angular velocity and Δt is the
change in time. The units of angular acceleration are (rad/s)/s, or
rad/s2. If ω increases, then α is positive. If ω decreases, then
α is negative.
Keep in mind that, by convention, counterclockwise is the positive
direction and clockwise is the negative direction.
What is Tangential acceleration?
Tangential acceleration is the rate at which a tangential velocity
varies in the rotational motion of any object.
The kinematics of rotational motion describes the relationships
between the angle of rotation, angular velocity, angular
acceleration, and time.
What is Torque?
a twisting force that speaks to the engine's rotational force and
measures how much of that twisting force is available.

What is Lever arm?

Lever arm is the vector from the point of rotation (pivot point or
fulcrum) to the location where force is applied.

Solving Rotational Kinematics and Torque Problems

He exerts a force of 250 N at the edge of the merry-go-round and
perpendicular to the radius, which is 1.50 m. How much torque
does he produce? Assume that friction acting on the merry-go-
round is negligible.
1. To find the torque, note that the applied force is perpendicular
to the radius and that friction is negligible.
Solution:
τ=rFsin θ
=(1.50m)(250N)sin(π2).
=375 N⋅m
Discussion
The man maximizes the torque by applying force perpendicular to
the lever arm, so that θ=π2 and sinθ=1 . The man also
maximizes his torque by pushing at the outer edge of the merry-
go-round, so that he gets the largest-possible lever arm.