TLE ICT 9 - CSS

TESTING
ELECTRONIC
COMPONENTS
LESSON 7: TEC
 LESSON 7 : TEC

PLAN AN
APPROACH FOR
LO2. COMPONENT
TESTING
LESSON 7 : TEC

MULTITESTER
LESSON 7 : TEC

READING MULTIMETER
LESSON 7 : TEC

READING MULTIMETER
1. Test AC or DC voltage
V indicates voltage, a
squiggly line (~) indicates
alternating current (found
in household circuits)
LESSON 7 : TEC

READING MULTIMETER
1. Test AC or DC voltage
V indicates voltage
a straight or dashed line (---)
indicates direct current
(found in most batteries).
LESSON 7 : TEC

READING MULTIMETER
1. Test AC or DC voltage
The line can appear next to
or over the letter.

ACV~ DCV
VAC~ VDC
LESSON 7 : TEC

READING MULTIMETER
2. Set the multimeter to
measure current.
- current is measured in
amperes (A)
- Analog multimeters
typically do not have the
ability to test AC.
LESSON 7 : TEC

READING MULTIMETER
3. Find the resistance setting
Greek letter omega: Ω
used to denote ohms
Unit to measure resistance
LESSON 7 : TEC

READING MULTIMETER
4. Understand other symbols.
A right-pointing arrow with
a cross through it marks
the "diode test," for testing
whether one-way electrical
circuits are connected.
LESSON 7 : TEC

READING MULTIMETER
4. Understand other symbols.
Hz stands for Hertz, the
unit for measuring the
frequency of AC circuits.

–|(– symbol indicates the

capacitance setting.
LESSON 7 : TEC

READING MULTIMETER
5. Read the port labels.
black probe Port labeled COM
COM (common) -
ground

red probe
Voltage & Resistance Current
Port with Smallest port labeled to with
Current stand the amount of
(mA –milliAmps) expected current
LESSON 7 : TEC

READING MULTIMETER
5. Read the port labels.
the port for low-current circuits has a
fuse rated to 200mA while the high-
current port is rated to 10A.
 LESSON 7 : TEC

READING MULTIMETER RESULT

1. Find the right scale on an
analog multimeter.
there are three arcs printed behind
the needle.
• Ω scale is for reading resistance. Unlike the
other scales, the 0 (zero) value is on the far
right instead of the left.
• "DC" scale is for reading DC voltage.
• "AC" scale is for reading AC voltage.
• "dB" scale is the least used option.
 LESSON 7 : TEC

READING MULTIMETER RESULT

2. Make a voltage scale reading
based on your range
There should be several rows of
numbers beneath the scale. Check
which range you have selected on the
dial (for example, 10V), and look for a
corresponding label next to one of
these rows.
 LESSON 7 : TEC

READING MULTIMETER RESULT

3. Estimate the value between
numbers
Voltage scales on an analog multimeter
work just like an ordinary ruler. The
resistance scale, however, is logarithmic,
meaning that the same distance represents
a different change in value depending on
where you are on the scale. The lines
between two numbers still represent even
divisions.
 LESSON 7 : TEC

READING MULTIMETER RESULT

4. Multiply the resistance reading
on an analog multimeter.
Look at the range setting that the dial
of your multimeter is set to. This
should give you a number to multiply
the reading by.
• For example, if the multimeter is set to R
x 100 and the needle points to 50 ohms,
the actual resistance of the circuit is 100 x
50 = 5,000.
LESSON 7 : TEC

MULTIMETER
1. Set the range
• If you have no idea what current to expect,
set it to the highest range for your first try to
avoid damaging the meter.

• Other modes are less likely to damage the

meter, but consider the lowest resistance
setting and the 10V setting your default.
LESSON 7 : TEC

MULTIMETER
2. Adjust to "off the scale"
readings
• On a digital meter, "OL," "OVER," or "overload"
means you need to select a higher range,
while a result very close to zero means a
lower range will give more accuracy.
• On an analog meter, a needle that stays still
usually means you need to select a lower
range. A needle that shoots to the maximum
means you need to select a higher range.
LESSON 7 : TEC

MULTIMETER
3. Disconnect the power before
measuring resistance
• Turn off the power switch or remove the
batteries powering the circuit in order to get
an accurate resistance reading. The
multimeter sends out a current to measure
the resistance, and if additional current is
already flowing, this will disrupt the result.
LESSON 7 : TEC

MULTIMETER
4. Measure voltage in parallel.
• Voltage is the change in electrical energy
across some part of the circuit. The circuit
should already be closed with current
flowing, then the meter should have the two
probes placed at different points on the
circuit to connect it "in parallel" with the
circuit. This must be done carefully to avoid
discrepancy.
LESSON 7 : TEC

PERFORMANCE TASK
Create a tutorial (video or book)
for testing components based on:
1. MEASURING RESISTANCE
2. MEASURING CURRENT
3. MEASURING VOLTAGE
4. TESTING DIODE
5. MEASURING CONTINUITY
LESSON 7 : TEC

PERFORMANCE TASK
Breadboard layout of the circuit.

1. Documented all electronic

components.
LESSON 7 : TEC

METHODS
1. MEASURING RESISTANCE
2. MEASURING CURRENT
3. MEASURING VOLTAGE
4. TESTING DIODE
5. MEASURING CONTINUITY
 LESSON 7 : TEC

MEASURING VOLTAGE
1. Connect the multimeter to the circuit.
2. Set the multimeter it for the voltage you're measuring.
3. Measure AC voltage by placing the probes across the
component. It's not necessary to observe polarity.
4. Observe polarity when measuring DC voltage or
millivoltage.
5. Read the display, taking care to note the units.
 LESSON 7 : TEC

MEASURING RESISTANCE
1. Connect the multimeter to the circuit.
2. Twist the selector knob to set the multimeter to measure
resistance.
3. Turn off power to the circuit.
4. Remove the resistor you want to measure.
5. Touch the tips of the probes to each side of the resistor
6. Read the display, taking care to note the units.
 LESSON 7 : TEC

MEASURING CURRENT
1. Choose either the terminal marked for measuring 10 amps
or the one marked for measuring 300 milliamps (mA).
2. Set the multimeter to measure current.
3. Turn off power to the circuit.
4. Break the circuit.
5. Turn the power on.
6. Read the display, remembering whether you are measuring
amps or milliamps. You
 LESSON 7 : TEC

TESTING DIODES
1. Insert the black probe into the common terminal and the
red probe into the terminal marked for measuring ohms,
volts or diode test.
2. Use the selector knob to choose the test diode function
3. Turn the power off to the circuit.
4. Test forward bias. Place the red probe on the positive side
of the diode and the black probe on the negative side. If
you get a reading of less than 1 but more than 0, the
forward bias is good.
 LESSON 7 : TEC

TESTING DIODES
5. Reverse the probes to test reverse bias. If the display reads
"OL (overload)," this indicates that reverse bias is good.
6. A reading of "OL" or 0 while testing forward bias, and 0
while testing reverse bias indicates that the diode is bad.
 LESSON 7 : TEC

MEASURING CONTINUITY
1. Put the black probe into the common terminal and the red
probe into the terminal used to measure volts and ohms.
2. Set the multimeter to the same setting you use to test
diodes.
3. Turn the power off to the circuit.
4. Place the leads on either side of the section of circuit you're
testing. It's not necessary to observe polarity. A reading of
less than 210 ohms indicates good continuity.