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THERMODY NAHICS K.T.

G
Therma ea when all Cv 4 Cp in tems 4 TYPES OF PROCESS ES
30BARIC PROCESSP=censt.
maCroscopic
ave con st
prophme
w
(,v,1,m,"|CyfR CPt")K | o chae 's Lay vT- kevin
insuloted with suYToundin molay)sM at tont P
ZEROTH LAW P-Cy Ror amy gO
Ad Cim hemal e (TA =\k) v/T
T

AB im ahtn BC m Molar SHC 4


mix
n,Ct,2 Mala sHC = Cp =(4+I)R *
TNTERNAL ENERGY systen mixA
U= PE moleculetKE Mode Ce/Cy ( 8)|E- B U - nCyAT = nfRAT = »RA

W PAV, = n RAT
Y-1
Atnkemolecal Mhion
e traet molecu
>H dots not dupend m oeal
W: AQ:Av I4+I
KE shem .6 . .3 Ip:Cy -1
.

ISOCnoRIC PROCESS Vz LonH


Tdeal gas 0 WORK (W) (19nvp m them)o faT ,
No intamol attvaut E Garaph ,
W JPav
Totalenuy I . Knolece v
enegy +ve
AV +we gas expand|w=
DEGREE OF FREFDOM
Work v done by 1as Molaa SH -Gy R
AD.independe +Ams expessioWovK dovne on the gas>W=-ve|A =n CuAT
K.E AUnCy T (same)
J /N* /fan
Monoahvmic 3 (translatoy)> x atm =

ISOTHERMAL PROCLESS Tonst


Diato mic
5 (t2 rotat")
9tis pat dependent |
Polyaomic 6 ( 3
rotas"
. not state
Ye slouwy Penecy conduthig
boundaues
tunchon Boye's w PaV
9excu linea-c=o):5 W W AWm (area)
Graphs
Pv=una

Vdf+
>+2 m vi brar" (high temp)]Work done n cy clic poces
Law oh e g i paahP e n e C.w W-+ve
T O

en tpT eath degvee


ACW w.-v TaT
INTERNAL ENERLY (AU) pe 0 = tan1o
tredom im mumal KT For 1deal AU AKE T0
tpr a molecule C =0
U mfRAT-nRATO Molan sHc C
State tunchion Y- AU - 0
K.E D 1moleale =
frLkT path independet Au = n CyAT
2
-23
W nRT An=nnRT An
AU elosed oyale AU a(PV)
NA mst
AQW P,tn.
KE 1mde RT AU ony dagtnd on ATsame inal plU ADABATIC PRoCESS Ag=o
KE D mole = n£RT
HEAT (G)_at ont V,= nCyDT
vey rapidly| FAst >pujcchy intulahn
nCAT coMct P, 9= ntpBT| PV°=longt
g maAT
Tim KevinT.E =y= K + i patn dependentie GusetO| TV=o hst
ldeol yatiot erg TP oMA
Speahic Heat f molar sprupe hodHeat given to rysem, 8=+ve

Heat gen by Sst s-Ve G1raph


slope
C -YPadideie iv
mAT nA 1"LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS._ slane
- 1A onuvat" eay (Y)
c CM SH AQ= AV+ WI+At th
51gn.-Molon SHC, c =0 4a.
Cydcokst.PCisoban) Cvyp ee:Heat 7 d n+ne
n cnmM AU=nly&T
MCAT
ve it, e OW -AU
Molaa sMC. od censt voluume (Tsochoi
2 l a tham0 MAX Well 's Sud dslnt
Compatusen dkb_pocens Eelvin plamk A
heu annot be

Expans10n For Same Av fos sble whoSe|


Tobar1c O 9lauius NoP DCe
Word done Sole reuM h a t 4Tant kom coldto Tat

seermal Avea
WO>@
hot
IDEAL OAS LAW
Ts0 he1 mal
pud
tm Adi >mn Boyle'slaw VmsVavgVm
A M
CoMprSston At Hiah Temp. 2s 2
low_pressure A Mean free path
w ND
Real qa Tdeal tw
Suceesie
u no ismahni dis tme b
charle's law I sobane coliso
obar = RT
*

Jand PM
2nnd
HEAT EN&aINE
Hea at iuveM
T(| diamdr
w-3 equ volume > eual mo.
paui sorce Tu Avaaadro (AttostT)Mple eiue olecule desth Mofeaul
9, Cput) Vo Mleul DP uni+ volume

Wudput) PV nRTT PMMoa


RT
Heat 82 (wste)
capadiy Tsink T2
Heat keAUVIOT TaT
1-92 PV on icreasi
emp
Cannot's Hecct Eqine RealTdea
>May tor cas hot s heat egine On decreasiN pres
No heat Cyine ouati w samefemp Kinetie heory gaS
Cuun haNë ekiaemay ms ar Anot|.YOndom m idenhicod qas molecu
Tdea kea elasni colliion f No. eolision
ara Per t
O Lothewma eapansin k.ET (pmy) intermol
Heat in ven to ystem Vgas moleule =0 No
Adiubatic cxpana N m wwM N no.
1othemd pbim PV Moleae
> Het releam stm 92 3 mmass eadh
Molee
duabaht omfrtm b.
aluio
KE-3PV RT
for one
KE= KeT molce
ST
N
VmsRoot mean : eloiy|
71-
REFRhERATDR Reveme cagnot
(Snav) 9, =Wt Q92
Room
T9,(Rdn) W- 8-9L
Vors38T-3K m molew
W
e l u ag,(etbacd) Aaal) Molar atska) mas
wok

T V n 3 s i n Pa
rdoe
(sink) T coei id p Me less preyem
k Heat exTAded K M3
wot done Presure io Ie.at emst Templ
K 2 9 T Vd T', No ehRt on
W -272| Vrms
So se for mala +o eompare

Vmot2
Pobable v M.

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