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Atmospheric pressure tank

containment automatic
deaerator and system
Automatic dewatering of oil tanks, especially crude oil tanks, heavy oil tanks, automatic

dewatering has been a worldwide problem, the reason why it is difficult because the

characteristics of these oils, with one or more of the following characteristics: oil density, high

viscosity, containing more solid, emulsified layer thick, with serious water, etc., coupled with

the production enterprises often require fast, a large number of dehydration to meet the

demand, most of the domestic and foreign dehydrator can not meet this demand Most of the

domestic and foreign dehydrators cannot meet this demand.

Most of the dehydrators on the market today use various sensors such as radio

frequency conductivity (capacitance), electromagnetic waves (microwave, short wave),

ultrasonic waves, tuning forks, etc., all of which achieve automatic dehydration by detecting

the oil-water interface. This kind of dehydrator can cope with light oil when the oil-water

interface is very clear, so can Guangzhou Tianhe; when facing crude oil and heavy dirt oil

with high oil density, high viscosity, many solids, thick emulsion layer and unclear oil-water

interface, naturally there is nothing we can do, and it is difficult to realize automatic

dehydration, although there is temporary barely running, but not always.

The water dewaterers produced in the United States are tank wall mounted structures,

which are used in China, but there are no successful cases yet; domestic oil-water interface

dewaterers are usually equipped with buffer tanks, which require sufficient residence time

when the oily sewage enters the buffer tank to form a stable oil-water interface, so the slow

dewatering speed is difficult to meet the actual production needs; the oil sludge in the

dewatering zone 🎧 is easily deposited in the buffer tank and It needs to be cleaned

regularly; the combination of the above factors causes the crude oil and heavily polluted oil

tank to become a forbidden area for automatic dewatering.

Guangzhou Tianhe has been cultivating the water dewatering market for more than 20

years, continuously researching and developing, continuously improving, taking a different

approach, adopting the principle of liquid column resonance, detecting the oil content in water,
designing a unique pipeline structure, meeting the demand for rapid water cutting in a large

amount of enterprise production, having a complete alternative to manual work, realizing

remote intelligent operation, and taking the lead in dewatering crude oil and heavy oil. So far,

we have sold more than 1,500 units of water dewaterers in more than 80 refineries at home

and abroad, and the market share of intelligent water dewaterers exceeds 70%, which has

been widely praised by customers.

I, Automatic dewatering of closed oil tanks

1、 Principle and working process of the dehydrator

The key indicator of dewatering of crude oil and heavy dirt oil tanks is to control the oil

content in water, and the amount of water cut depends on the set value of oil content, which

can be set fast and slow, flexibly according to the production requirements; it can be

understood as the manual water cut by machine imitating the alternative.

The liquid column resonant sensor uses a vibrating element to resonate at a certain

frequency together with the liquid to be detected. Its resonant frequency is closely related to

the viscosity and density of the liquid to be measured. The water contains traces of oil, but

also affects the viscosity and density of water, and thus, produces a large change in

resonant frequency. Therefore, according to the detection of changes in resonant frequency

can be deduced 🎧 the amount of oil contained in the water.

Adopting unique pipeline type structure, no oil-water interface is needed to achieve rapid

dewatering according to the oil content; the oil sludge in the dewatering belt 🎧 can be

discharged with water 🎧 and does not need regular cleaning.

 The main body of the dewaterer is an inclined pipe with two sensors (S1, S2)installed on

the pipe to detect the oil content in the water online. When both sensors detect that the oil

content in the water is low enough to reach the dewatering set value requirement, the

dewatering adjustment valve is opened at the minimum opening and gradually increased.

When either sensor detects that the oil content in the water exceeds the set value, the

dewatering valve will be closed.

The oil that goes into the dehydrator returns to the oil tank, the water in the oil tank goes

into the dehydrator, and when the sensor detects again that the oil content in the water is low

enough, the dehydration valve is opened again. The opening degree of the dewatering valve

is calculated according to a certain formula and adjusted in real time, keeping the maximum

opening degree all the time. When the sensor 🎧 shows any fault, the resonance signal

disappears, and it will not cause the valve to open mistakenly and run oil.

1. Automatic cleaning function:

The vibration element of the sensor is sensitive to detection and fast response time.

Because of direct contact with the medium, it is vital to avoid contamination of the vibrating

element. After years of exploration, the piston method of cleaning is now used, and the water in the dehydrator is

used under the condition of constant pressure and flow, and flushing is carried out, which provides a

guarantee for long-term reliable operation.

2. Automatic hibernation and wake-up function:

The water stripper is in a waiting state most of the time, so a dormant function is added to the water

stripper. After the water is taken off, the deaerator automatically enters the dormant state, the oil

content sensor does not work, the valve is closed, and the operation is stopped, and only the

state of accompanying heat does not freeze or condense is maintained. The dormant

function of the water stripper improves the reliability of the equipment and extends the
service life.

There are four ways to wake up a dehydrator from hibernation:

a) The dehydrator will automatically wake up at regular intervals, dehydrating with water
and sleeping without water.

b) When the pressure sensor detects oil in the tank, the interlock wakes up and enters
the working state.

c) Wake up in the operation room by DCS backstage or by

remote control when the operator is on site. 3、Automatic oil

return function:

After years of research and iterative updates, the piston return method is used and is
suitable for all operating conditions.

In the process of dewatering, the sensor detects that the oil content exceeds the standard, the
dewatering valve will automatically close and the oil needs to be returned, and the dehydrator
will automatically
Open the air source three-way valve V1, compressed air (or instrument wind, nitrogen)

into the piston, the piston will press the medium (oil or water) in the pressure cylinder from

the bottom 🎧 through the oil pressure; the float will be pressurized to block the bottom 🎧

mouth, the medium (oil or water) in the cylinder will return to the tank from the return pipe.

At the same time, a part of the medium in the cylinder passes through the flushing tube
and flushes the sensor.

Close the three-way valve V1, under the self-pressure of the tank, the piston will move up

to the highest point and discharge 🎧 compressed air (or instrument air, nitrogen)from the

cylinder through the three-way valve V1. At the same time, the medium (water or oil) at the

bottom of the tank enters the dehydrator through the tank dehydration port. The density of
920kg/m3
the float in the piston cylinder is . When the medium in the piston cylinder is water,

the float in the cylinder will float. Cylinder

The water inside can be automatically replaced with the oil inside the water stripper; when the
medium inside the piston cylinder is oil, the float will sink at the bottom of the cylinder.

The oil return position can be determined according to the actual situation. When the

tank has a return port, the return pipe is connected to the return port of the tank (point A in

the diagram); when the tank does not have a return port, the return pipe is connected to the

dewatering port of the tank (point B in the diagram).

The dewatering port can achieve stable and reliable automatic oil return regardless of

inline or siphon type, and regardless of high or low ground clearance. The piston is

usually required to be maintained once a year. When the piston leaks, the dewaterer

will automatically alarm.

4、Closed dewatering function (option):

When the customer selects closed dewatering, two additional observation mirrors are

required on the dewaterer: the front mirror is used to observe whether there is still water left

in the tank before dewatering; the rear mirror is used to observe whether the dewatering is

with oil.

When the medium in the storage tank is crude oil, dirty oil and other black oil, the oil-

water interface can be directly observed through the sight glass. When the medium in

the storage tank is colorless and transparent oil, the interface indicator inside the sight glass

can clearly observe the oil-water interface.

Interface.
 The sight glass is easily contaminated, you can manually lift and pull the

cleaning handle to complete the cleaning; you can also clean it

automatically: 1. Press the air source button to complete the cleaning;

2、When the dehydrator senses that someone is near, it will start automatic cleaning.

When the water from the de🎧 contains a large amount of sludge, into the closed

pipeline is easy to cause the pipeline blockage, you can add a sedimentation tank at the end

of the dehydrator to retain the sludge in the sewage, regular cleaning once a year can be.
II, Oil tank automatic dewatering sealed conveying
system
To solve the problem of confined conveying, many users and design institutes are making a
40m3
relatively large sewage tank ( or more) to collect the oily sewage from the storage tank de🎧.

When the level reaches the set high level, start the sewage pump and pump the sewage

away; when pumping to the set low level, stop the pump. At the same time, the amount of

dirty oil in the sewage tank is detected, and once the oil run is found, emergency treatment is

required.

As a result, a large amount of VOCs will be discharged at the breather of the effluent

tank 🎧, which will increase the trouble of subsequent treatment of VOCs. The cost of

implementing such a solution would be several million dollars.

The oil content of the water coming from our dehydrator is extremely low, and the

dehydrated water will not form an oil-water interface in the sewage tank, let alone an oil-

running accident, so a simple and airtight conveying method can be used. As shown in the

figure below:

Water discharged 🎧 from multiple dehydrators is centrally transported to a closed

collection tank.

A variable frequency pump is installed at the 🎧 opening of the water collection tank. By

detecting the pressure in the collection tank, the flow rate of the inverter pump is controlled

to maintain the pressure in the collection tank at a stable level (1.5 m water column)to ensure

that the 🎧 opening of the dewaterer does not hold pressure and achieve smooth dewatering.

The variable frequency pump uses a displacement pump to convey both the liquid and

gas in the catchment tank, keeping the tank pressure from fluctuating due to gas and

temperature.
The 5m3
water collection tank only plays a buffer role, 0. volume is sufficient.

A check valve is installed on the 🎧port line of each dehydrator to prevent cascading
tanks.
III, About dewatering speed and oil content
The maximum dewatering speed of a single unit of Guangzhou Tianhe conventional

dewaterer is 15 tons/hour, which fits perfectly with the speed of settling and stratification of

the storage tank and can meet the needs of most of the occasions; when customers need

faster dewatering speed, they only need to increase the diameter of the main dewatering

channel, Guangzhou Tianhe can also provide a maximum dewatering speed of 40 tons/hour

for a single unit, when it is bigger, because the flow rate will affect the sensitivity of the

sensor, it is recommended that It is recommended to increase the number of dewatering

units to meet the demand of fast dewatering.

Guangzhou Tianhe dehydrator can meet both high-quality dewatering, de🎧 the oil

content of the water is extremely low; also can meet the fast and efficient emulsified water in the

oil all cut clean. The size of the oil content determines the customer's trade-off and is used

freely.

IV, IoT function of the dehydrator

In order to do a better job of after-sales service and to ensure the effectiveness of the use
of users, Guangzhou Tianhe water dehydrator added the Internet of things function::
The real-time data of the water dehydrator operation can provide IoT uploading to the cloud

server. On a cell phone or computer terminal, you can open the IoT backend monitoring

system and see detailed information and real-time data of each water dehydrator, as well as

historical data and curves. Once the dehydrator 🎧 shows a fault, the backend monitoring

system will automatically alarm. By viewing the historical data, the cause of the 🎧failure can

be analyzed, providing a reliable guarantee for fast troubleshooting.

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