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03 The Spinal Cord and The Peripheral Nervous System
03 The Spinal Cord and The Peripheral Nervous System
NERVOUS SYSTEM
grey matter: cell bodies and dendrites
CENTRAL
• Integrate information
NS white matter :axons and myelin PERIPHERAL
• Coordinate information NS
• Prepare a response
Protected by the skull Protected by the spine
without the participation of the brain.
Sympathetic
Cerebrum
(contains cerebral
cortex)
Voluntary actions
Parasympathetic
Cerebellum
Vídeo
Brainstem
Diencephalon
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THE SPINAL CORD
The spinal cord is a cylinder of nerve tissues which
runs down the central canal in the spine
Grey matter: in the center. Ependyma
White matter: outer area
any of the four projections that link
one vertebra of the spine to an adjacent vertebra.
a spinelike process of a bone, especially the dorsal
projection from the center of the arch of a vertebra.
a process that projects from the sides of a vertebra.
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THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: Somatic NS
enter and leave the brain
CRANIAL NERVES 12 pairs
SPINAL NERVES emerge from the spinal cord
31 pairs
Go back
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Title: abr 1620:20 (21 of 33)
THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: Autonomic NS
AUTONOMIC NS: responsible for regulating and controlling involuntary body functions.
SYMPATHETIC NS:
This controls the majority of
the organs so that they work
more effectively under stress
Fight or Flight response
PARASYMPATHETIC NS:
This is responsible for
mantaining the body´s
organs and systems when
the body is at rest or
working slowly
Rest and Digest response
They are
antagonistic:
they have opposed
function
Go back
Title: abr 115:50 (22 of 33)
REFLEX ACTION Go back
• Reflex actions are quick and automatic.
• The brain is not involved .
• They take place when a rapid response is
required.
• The three types of neuron are involved:
SENSORY NEURON carries sensory nerve impulses
RELAY NEURON
MOTOR NEURON carries motor nerve impulses
Title: abr 113:26 (23 of 33)
Go back
VOLUNTARY ACTION
• They are more elaborated than reflex actions.
• The spinal cord carries sensory information to the brain
and motor signals from the brain to the effector organs.
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