GOLD RANK REVIEW CENTER JUNE 2023

POSTLECTURE EXAMINATION: RENAL AND ENDOCRINE PHYSIOLOGY

NAME:_____________________________________________________________ DATE:__________________
SCHOOL: _____________________________

1. Each nephron consists of two parts: 12. It stimulates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone
a. Renal corpuscle and Renal Tubule a. AI
b. Renal Cortex and Renal Tubule b. AII
c. Renal Corpuscle and Renal Cortex c. Renin
d. Renal Cortex and Renal Medulla d. Cortisol
2. The distal convoluted tubules of several nephrons 13. They stimulate secretion of estrogens and
empty into a single progesterone and the maturation of oocytes in the
a. PCT ovaries, and they stimulate sperm production and
b. Thin descending LOH secretion of testosterone in the testes.
c. Collecting Duct a. Prolactin
d. Thick Asc LOH b. MSH
3. In a nephron, the LOH connects the proximal and c. FSH and LH
distal convoluted tubules. The first part of the LOH d. TSH
dips into the ________, where it is called the ______ 14. controls the secretions and other activities of the
a. Renal Medulla, thin asc LOH thyroid gland.
b. Renal Medulla, thin desc LOH a. Prolactin
c. Renal Cortex, thin asc LOH b. MSH
d. Renal Cortex, thin desc LOH c. FSH and LH
4. The right kidney is slightly lower than the left. d. TSH
Because the liver occupies considerable space on the 15. triggers ovulation
right side superior to the kidney. a. Prolactin
a. First statement is true. Second statement is False b. LH
b. First statement is false. Second statement is true c. MSH
c. Both statements are true d. Oxytocin
d. Both statements are false 16. enhances contraction of smooth muscle cells in the
5. The kidneys also help regulate blood pressure by wall of the uterus; after delivery, it stimulates milk
secreting the enzyme ejection (“letdown”) from the mammary glands in
a. Pepsin response to the mechanical stimulus provided by a
b. Renin suckling infant.
c. Resin a. Prolactin
d. Trypsin b. LH
6. The kidneys produce two hormones c. MSH
a. Calcitriol and Renin d. Oxytocin
b. Calcitriol and Cortisol 17. It regulates homeostasis of two mineral ions, namely
c. Calcitriol and Erythropoietin sodium ions (Na) and potassium ions (K), and helps
d. Erythropoietin and Renin adjust blood pressure and blood volume.
7. stimulates the production of red blood cells a. Prolactin
a. calcitriol b. Aldosterone
b. calcitonin c. Renin
c. erythrocytes d. Thyroid Hormone
d. erythropoietin
8. is a mass of fatty tissue surrounding the renal capsule 18. Alpha or A cells secrete
a. Renal Capsule a. Glucagon
b. Adipose capsule b. Insulin
c. Renal fascia c. Somatostatin
d. NOTA d. AOTA
9. is another thin layer of dense irregular connective
tissue that anchors the kidney to the surrounding 19. Beta or B cells secrete
structures and to the abdominal wall a. Glucagon
a. Renal Capsule b. Insulin
b. Adipose capsule c. Somatostatin
c. Renal fascia d. AOTA
d. NOTA
10. It serves as a barrier against trauma and helps 20. Delta or D cells secrete
maintain the shape of the kidneys a. Glucagon
a. Renal Capsule b. Insulin
b. Adipose capsule c. Somatostatin
c. Renal fascia d. AOTA
d. NOTA
11. . Fluid filtered from the glomerular capillaries enters 21. The Urinary Bladder is a hollow muscular container
the composed of smooth muscle known
a. Capsular ( Bowman’s) Space a. Detrusor muscle
b. Thin descending LOH b. Petrussor muscle
c. DCT c. Dartos muscle
d. PCT d. NOTA

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22. Increases flexibility of symphysis pubis during 34. The Overflow Incontinence is inability of the urinary
pregnancy bladder to empty completely. Presents with Atonic
a. Relanxin Bladder.
b. Relaxin a. First Statement is True. Second Statement is false
c. Renlanxine b. First statement is false. Second statement is True
d. Relantxine c. Both statements are true
23. The most dilute luminal fluid in the presence of ADH is d. Both statements are false
found in the 35. If the ADH is not present or its concentration is low,
a. Proximal Convoluted Tubule the DCT and collecting ducts are less permeable to
b. Descending Loop of Henle _____
c. Ascending Loop of Henle a. Water
d. Distal Convoluted Tubule b. Proteins
24. calcitonin ______blood Ca++ level c. Potassium
a. decreases d. Platelets
36. The ______ are tubes through which urine flows from
b. increases
the kidneys to the urinary bladder
c. neutralizes
a. Urethra
d. NOTA
b. Ureters
25. insulin _______ blood glucose level c. Urenters
a. decreases d. Urenthra
b. increases 37. _______ is activated when the urinary bladder wall is
c. neutralizes stretched as urine fills the urinary bladder.
d. NOTA a. Minturition reflex
26. parathormone ______ blood Ca++ level b. Enterogastric reflex
a. decreases c. Micturition Reflex
b. increases d. Milkturition Reflex
c. neutralizes 38. The Urinary System cocnsists of the:
d. NOTA a. 2 kidneys, 2 Ureters, 2 Urinary bladder, 2 Urethra
27. The nervous supply to the urinary system detects this b. 2 Kidneys, 2 Ureters, 1 Urinary Bladder, 1 Urethra
as the sensory stimulus to micturition: c. 1 Kidney, 1 Ureter, 2 Urinary bladder, 2 Urethra
d. 1 Kidney, 1 Ureter, 1 Urinary bladder, 1 Urethra
a. Contraction of the detrusor muscle
39. The renal corpuscle consists of the Bowmans Capsule
b. Vibration of the bladder rugae
and the glomerulus. Materials leave the blood in the
c. Increased pain in the lower abdominal area
glomerulus and enter the Bowmans Capsule through
d. Stretch in the bladder wall the filtration membrane.
28. Concentration of the luminal fluid a. First statement is true. Second statement is false
a. Proximal convoluted tubules b. First statement is false. Second statement is true
b. Collecting tubules c. Both statements are true
c. Distal Convoluted Tubules d. Both statements are false
d. Dispersing Tubules 40. Angiotensin II acts as a :
e. Thick Ascending Loop of Henle a. Vasoconstrictor and stimulates aldosterone
29. Type of nephron that is situated close to the cortex- secretion, causing a decrease in urine production
medullary junction and the loop of Henle deep into the and an increase in blood volume.
medulla b. Vasoconstrictor and stimulates aldosterone
a. Juxtamedullary nephron secretion, causing a decrease in urine production
b. Cortical nephron and a decrease in blood volume.
c. Vasodilator and stimulates aldosterone secretion,
c. Renal Tubule
causing a decrease in urine production and a
d. AOTA
decrease in blood volume.
30. level of the kidneys
d. Vasodilator and stimulates aldosterone secretion,
a. T12L4 causing a decrease in urine production and an
b. T12L5 increase in blood volume.
c. T12L1 41. ADH secreted by the posterior pituitary,___________
d. T12L3 water permeablity in the DCT and Collecting Tubules.
31. Urinary Bladder is innervated by the sacral plexus a. Increases
a. S2S3S4 b. Decreases
b. S2S4S5 c. Neither
c. S1S2S3 d. AOTA
d. NOTA 42. Water movement out of the DCT and collecting ducts
32. Glomerular Filtration Rate is regulated by _______
a. Oxytocin
a. 135 ml/min
b. Melatonin
b. 145ml/min c. Cortisol
c. 125 l/min d. ADH
d. NOTA 43. If ADH is absent, water is not reabsorbed and a
33. Micturition Reflex __________ urine is produced.
a. 200-300L a. Dilute
b. 90-100 ml b. Concentrated
c. Neither
c. 700-800ml
d. NOTA
d. NOTA

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44. If the ADH is present, water moves out, and a
_________ urine is produced.
a. Dilute
b. Concentrated
c. Neither
d. NOTA
45. Other name for:TSH
a. Thyrontopin
b. Thyrotropin
c. Thyrotonpin
d. Thyrontopic
46. Other name for :Parathormone
a. Parathyrine
b. Prathyrine
c. Panthyrine
d. Pantothyrine
47. Other name for: Growth Hormone
a. Somnamtropin
b. Somatropin
c. Somatotropin
d. Somnitropin
48. Other name for: FSH
a. Somatotropin
b. Intermedin
c. Thyrotropin
d. Gonadotropin
49. regulates body’s biological clock
a. melanin
b. melatonin
c. melanotropin
d. AOTA
50. glucagon ______blood glucose level
a. decreases
b. increases
c. neutralizes
d. NOTA