hdka;% úoHdj – >¾IKh
;sl úoHdj - w¡fmd¡i¡(W¡fm¡)
isoaOdka; igyka
;sria r¿ mDIaGhla u; ;enQ jia;=jla u; Y=kHfha isg
l%ufhka jeäjk P ;sria n,hla fhdok wjia:djla i<luq¡
R iSudldÍ iu;=,s;;djfha we;s jia;=j u; fhfok p,s;hg
P .;sl >¾IK n,h kï fõ¡
W
uq,ska P l%ufhka jeä l< o jia;=j p,kh fkdù iu;=,s;j
mj;S¡ ta i`oyd P wfydais jk wdldrhg P g úYd,;ajfhka
iudk iy ÈYdfjka m%;súreoaO n,hla jia;=j u; l%shd lr
;sìh hq;=h¡ jia;=j u; tu n,h we;s jkafka r¿ mDIaGfhks¡
tu n,h, >¾IK n,h (F) kï fõ¡
R
P r`od mj;skafka mDIAGj, iajNdjh u;h¡ mDIaGj, r¿ nj
F
W = F
r¿ mDIaG folla w;f¾ idfmalaI p,s;hla we;s úh fyda ta
i`oyd fm<Uùula we;s úg p,s;hg m%;súreoaO jk fia
mDIaGj,g iudka;rj f.dvkef.k n,h, >¾IK n,hhs¡
mDIaG w;r >¾IK n,hla we;s ùug fya;=j jkafka, mDIaGj,
we;s lvf;d¨ iajNdjhhs¡ mDIaG tlsfkflys ;=vq iy j,j,a
isrùfuka >¾IK n,h we;s fõ¡
iajhx iSreudre ùu
p,s;hg fmd<Ujk n,h Y=kHfha isg l%ufhka jeä lrk úg
>¾IK n,h o ta yd iudkj jeä ù jia;=j ksYap,;djfha
mj;ajd .kS¡ fuys § >¾IK n,h iajhx iSreudre n,hla f,i
l%shd lrhs¡
iSudldÍ >¾IK n,h - (FiSud)
tla;rd wjia:djlska miq >¾IK n,hg ;jÿrg;a jeä ùug
fkdyels fõ¡ tkï, >¾IK n,hg t<ôh yels Wmßu w.hla
we;¡ th iSudldÍ >¾IK n,h kï fõ¡ tu wjia:dfõ §
jia;=j iSudldÍ iu;=,s;;djfha we;ehs lshkq ,efí¡
iSudldÍ >¾IK n,h mDIaG fol w;r wNs,ïn m%;sl%shdjg
wkqf,dauj iudkqmd;sl fõ¡
FiSud  R
FiSud = R
fuys iaÓ;sl / iSudldß >¾IK ix.=Klh kï fõ¡
r`od mj;skafka mDIAGj, iajNdjh u;h¡ mDIaGj, r¿ nj
jeä kï jeä h¡ r¿ nj wvq kï wvq h¡
= FiSud
R

w¾: olajkafka, mDIaG folla w;r we;s úh yels Wmßu
>¾IK n,h tajd w;r wNs,ïn m%;sl%shdjg ork wkqmd;h
f,ih¡
 
g tall fyda udk fyda ke;¡
fN!
ufyaka fÊlí
.;sl >¾IK n,h (F)
fmd<Ujk n,h ;jÿrg;a jeä l<fyd;a jia;=j p,s; fõ¡
túg mDIaG w;r ksh; >¾IK n,hla l%shd;aul fõ¡ fuh
F ys w.h FiSud g jvd u`ola wvqh¡
F < FiSud
.;sl >¾IK n,h o mDIaG fol w;r wNs,ïn m%;sl%shdjg
wkqf,dauj iudkqmd;sl fõ¡
F  R
F = R
fuys .;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh kï fõ¡
jeä kï jeä h¡ r¿ nj wvq kï wvq h¡
R

w¾: olajkafka, mDIaG folla w;r we;s úh yels .;sl
>¾IK n,h tajd w;r wNs,ïn m%;sl%shdjg ork wkqmd;h
f,ih¡
g tall fyda udk fyda ke;¡
F < FiSud
R < R
 < 
´kEu mDIaG folla w;r .;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh, tu mDIaG
fol w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klhg jvd wvqh¡
 r¿ mDIaGhla u; we;s jia;=jla hï n,hla hgf;a p,s;
fõ o fkdfõ o hkak ;SrKh jkafka, p,s;hg fmd<Ujk
n,h FiSud g jvd jeä o wvq o hkak wkqjh¡
 p,s;hg fmd<Ujk n,h FiSud g jvd wvqhs kï, jia;=j
ksYap,h¡ túg l%shd lrkafka p,s;hg fmd<Ujk n,hg
iudk >¾IK n,hls¡
 p,s;hg fmd<Ujk n,h FiSud g iudk kï, jia;=j
iSudldÍ iu;=,s;;djfha mj;S¡ túg ls%hd lrkafka FiSud h¡
FiSud = R
 p,s;hg fmd<U jk n,h FiSud g jvd jeähs kï, jia;=j
p,s; fõ¡ túg l%shd;aul jkafka F h¡
F = R




1 Mahen Jecob
>¾IK kshu
 jia;=jla u; l%shd lrk >¾IK n,fha ÈYdj tu jia;=j
p,s; ùug fm<fUk fyda p,s; jk ÈYdjg m%;súreoaOh¡
 jia;=j p,s; ùug mgka .kakd f;lau >¾IK n,h,
jia;=j p,kh lsÍug fmd<Ujk n,hg iudk jk f,iska
iajhx iSreudre fõ¡
 § we;s mDIaG folla w;f¾ l%shd lrk >¾IK n,hg .;
yels Wmßu w.hla we;¡ th iSudldÍ >¾IK n,hhs¡
 § we;s mDIaG folla w;f¾ iSudldÍ >¾IK n,h tu
mDIaG fol w;r wNs,ïn m%;sl%shdjg wkqf,dauj
iudkqmd;slh¡
 wNs,ïn m%;sl%shdj fkdfjkiaj mj;akd úg mDIaG fol
w;f¾ >¾IK n,h tu mDIaG iam¾Y jk fmdÿ j¾.M,h
u; r`od fkdmj;s¡ tfy;a mDIaG iajNdjh u; r`od mj;S¡
 tla mDIaGhla u; ;j;a mDIaGhla p,kh lsÍfï § l%shd
lrk .;sl >¾IK n,h, mDIaG fol w;r wNs,ïn
m%;sl%shdjg iudkqmd;sl jk w;r th, mDIaG w;r
idfmalaI m%fõ.h u; r`od fkdmj;S¡ fuu .;sl >¾IK
n,h, tu mDIaG w;r iSudldÍ >¾IK n,hg jvd wvq
w.hla .kS¡
úfYaI lreKq
 a – amax ;ajrKfhka ;Ügqjg idfmalaIj msgqmig hhs.
 ñksfil= weú§fï §/ Èùfï § ta i`oyd wjYH bÈß n,h
we;s lr .kafka >¾IK n,fhks.
weúÈk úg ñksid mdofha we`.s,s u.ska fmd<j miqmig
;,a¨ lsÍula lrhs. ke;skï fmd<j u; mdoh msgqmig
wÈhs. túg fmd<fjka mdoj, we`.s,s u; n,hla fhdohs.
th wdk;j bÈßhg l%shd lrhs. tys isria ixrplh
wNs,ïn m%;sl%shdj jk w;r ;sria ixrplh >¾IK
n,hhs.
 ksYap,j ;snqKq mdmeÈhla me§fï § mev,a lsÍu u.ska
msgqmi frdao u; t<jqï jHdj¾;hla we;s lrhs. fuh
t<jqï frdaoh kï fõ. túg tf;la fmd<j u; ksYap,j
;snqKq P ,laIHh fmd<jg idfmalaIj msgqmig hhs. P
u; >¾IK n,h l%shd;aul jkafka bÈßhgh.
fuu >¾IK n,h nhsisl,h u; ndysr n,hla f,i l%shd
lrhs. tu n,h ksid nhsisl,h bÈßhg ;,a¨ fõ. túg
tf;la fmd<j u; ksYap,j ;snqKq bÈß frdaofha Q
,laIHh bÈßhg we§ hdfuka fmd<fjka msgqmig >¾IK
n,hla we;s flf¾. tu.ska tu frdaoh lerfla. tu frdaoh
fkdt<fjk frdaoh fõ.


 lrkafka (flakaødmidÍ n,h jeks) hehs .ekSug isÿ fõ.
 ;sriaj taldldr fõ.fhka p,kh jk jdyl máhla u;
 jdykhla ;=< ;sfnk jia;=j,g (nihl ksoyiaj isgf.k
isák ñksfil=g) jdykfha fõ.h fjkia jk úg ta wkqj
jia;=fõ fõ.h fjkia lr .ekSug bjy,a jkafka >¾IK
n,hhs.
Rcq ;sria ud¾.hl .uka lrk g%la r:hl ;sria ;Ügqjla
u; fmÜáhla we;s wjia:djla i<lkak.
g%la r:h taldldr m%fõ.fhka .uka lrk úg fmÜáh o
taldldr m%fõ.fhka .uka lrhs. ksõgkaf.a m<uq kshuhg
2 Mahen Jecob
wkqj taldldr m%fõ.fhka .uka lsÍug iïm%hqla; n,hla
wjYH ke;s ksid fmÜáh u; ;srig n,hla ke;. fmÜáh
iy ;Ügqj w;r idfmalaI p,s;hla ke;s ksid >¾IK
n,hla o ke;.
g%la r:h ;ajrKh lsÍug mgka .;fyd;a,
g%la r:fha fõ.h jeä jqj;a fmÜáfha wjiaÓ;sh ksid tys
m%fõ.h jeä fkdlr ;nd .ekSug n,hs. tfy;a túg
fmÜáhg idfmlaIj ;Ügqj bÈßhg hhs. ke;skï ;Ügqjg
idfmalaIj fmÜáh msgqmig hhs. túg idfmalaI p,s;h
ksid fmÜáh u; >¾IK n,hla bÈßhg we;s ùfuka
fmÜáh o ;Ügqj iu`. bÈßhg ;ajrKh fõ. túg
l%shd;aul jkafka fmÜáhg g%la r:fha ;ajrKhu w;aùug
wjYH >¾IK n,hla muKs. tfy;a >¾IK n,hg .;
yels Wmßuhla we;s ksid tlaj p,kh ùug kï g%la
r:hg .; yels Wmßu ;ajrKhla o we;.
Wmßu >¾IK n,h l%shd;aul jk úg,
F = ma wkqj,
Fmax = mamax
R = ma
tfy;a R = mg ksid,
mg = mamax
amax = g
fï wkqj g%la r:hg ;sìh yels Wmßu ;ajrKh r`od
mj;skafka fmÜáh iy ;Ügqj w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh
u; muKs. fmÜáfha nr o fkdn,mdhs.
g%la r:fha ;ajrKh a > amax g jvd jeäjqjfyd;a fmÜáh
Wod: = 0.6 kï fmÜáh o g%la r:h iu`. tlaj p,kh
ùug g%la r:hg ;sìh yels Wmßu ;ajrKh 6 m s-2 h. g%la
r:fha ;ajrKh 8 m s-2 jqjfyd;a Wmßu >¾IK n,h
hgf;a fmÜáh 6 m s-2 ,nd .kq we;. túg ;Ügqjg
idfmalaIj fmÜáh 2 m s-2 ;ajrKfhka msgqmig hhs.
g%la r:h ukaokh lsÍug mgka .;fyd;a,
g%la r:fha fõ.h wvq jqj;a fmÜáfha wjiaÓ;sh ksid tys
m%fõ.h wvq fkdlr ;nd .ekSug n,hs. tfy;a túg
;Ügqjg idfmalaIj fmÜáh bÈßhg hhs. túg idfmalaI
p,s;h ksid fmÜáh u; >¾IK n,hla msgqmig we;s
ùfuka fmÜáh o ;Ügqj iu`. ukaokh fõ.
fuys § o tlaj p,kh jk fia g%la r:hg w;a lr .;
yels Wmßu ukaokh g fõ. g%la r:fha ukaokh óg jvd
jeä jqjfyd;a fmÜáhg tu ukaokh ,nd .ekSug
fkdyels ùfuka th bÈßhg hhs.
by; meyeÈ,s lsÍï j,x.= jkafka fmd<j u; isák
ksÍlaIlfhl=g idfmalaIjh. tfy;a ;ajrKh fyda
ukaokh fyda jk g%la r:h ;=< isák ksÍlaIlfhl=g
Tyqg idfmalaIj fmÜáh ksYap,j mj;sk wdldrh
meyeÈ,s lsÍug kï >¾IK n,h l%shdlrk ÈYdjg
m%;súreoaO ÈYdj Tiafia ma mßl,ams; n,hla l%shd
jia;=jla fiñka ;enQ úg jia;=jg idfmalaIj máh
bÈßhg hk ksid th u; >¾IK n,h msgqmig o máhg
idfmalaIj jia;=j msgqmig hk ksid th u; >¾IK n,h
bÈßhg o l%shd lrhs. jia;=j máfha fõ.h olajd ;ajrKh
jkafka tu >¾IK n,fhks. jia;=j máfha fõ.hg m;ajQ
miq >¾IK n,h ke;s fõ. máh u; msgqmig we;s jQ
>¾IK n,h ksid th ukaokh ùug n,hs. tfia ùug
fkd§ fõ.h ksh;j mj;ajd .ekSug máh u; fudagrhla
jeks ndysr ldrlhla Ndú;fhka bÈßhg n,hla fh§ug
isÿ fõ.
F
F
p,s;h
 hdka;% úoHdj – >¾IKh fN!;sl úoHdj - w¡fmd¡i¡(W¡fm¡)
nyqjrK .eg¿ ufyaka fÊlí
01. ;sria ;,hla u; ;nd we;s 4 kg ialkaOhla we;s 10. rEmfha mßÈ 0.1 kg ialkaOhla we;s jia;=jla 5 N n,hla
fmÜáhla hka;ñka p,s; lrùug 30 N ;sria n,hla fhdod ì;a;shlg ;o lr ;nd f.k we;. jia;=j iy
fhÈh hq;=hs kï fmÜáh iy ;,h w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK ì;a;sh w;r iSudldÍ >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.5 kï fmÜáh
ix.=Klh jkafka, u; l%shd lrk >¾IK n,h jkafka,
(1) 0.13 (2) 1.33 (3) 7.5 (4) 0.75 (5) 0.075
5N
02. by; .eg¿fõ fmÜáh iy ;,h w;r .;sl >¾IK
ix.=Klh úh yelafla,
(1) 0.7 (2) 0.75 (3) 0.8 (4) 0.85 (5) 0.9 (1) 0.5 N (2) 1 N (3) 4 N (4) 5 N (5) 6 N

03. r¿ ;sria ;,hla u; § 20 N ;sria n,hla fh§fuka 10 kg 11. rEmfha ±lafjk 60 N nr iys; ,S l=Üáh iy ;,h w;r
ialkaOhla we;s fmÜáhla taldldr fõ.fhka we`o f.k >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.5 kï moaO;sh iu;=,s;;djfha ;sîu
hd yel. fmÜáh iy ;,h w;r .;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh i`oyd W g .; yels Wmßu w.h jkafka,
jkafka,
(1) 5 (2) 2 (3) 0.5 (4) 0.2 (5) 0.1
60N 45º
04. by; .eg¿fõ fmÜáh iy ;,h w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK
ix.=Klh úh yelafla,
(1) 0.05 (2) 0.1 (3) 0.15 (4) 0.2 (5) 0.25

05. ialkaOh 2 kg jk ,S l=Üáhla ;sria r¿ fïihla u;

ksYap,j we;. ,S l=Üáh iy fïih w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK W
ix.=Klh 0.5 o .;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.4 o fõ. 8 N (1) 60 N (2) 60√2 N (3) 60/√2 N (4) 30 N (5) 30/√2 N
;sria n,hla fhdod wÈk ,ofyd;a ,S l=Üáh ,lajk
>¾IK n,h jkafka, 12. rEmfha ±lafjk 5 kg ialkaOhla we;s l=Üáh ,siaid
(1) 2 N (2) 8 N (3) 10 N (4) 18 N (5) 20 N fkdhdug kï ;,h iy tu ialkaOh w;r ;sìh hq;=
wju >¾IK ix.=Klh jkafka,
06. ialkaOh 1 kg jk ,S l=Üáhla ;sria r¿ ;,hla u; ;nd
9 N ;sria n,hla fhdod wÈkq ,efí. ,S l=Üáh iy ;,h 5kg 45º
w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.6 o .;sl >¾IK
ix.=Klh 0.5 o fõ. ,S l=Üáh ,lajk ;ajrKh jkafka,
(1) 1 m s-2 (2) 3 m s-2 (3) 4 m s-2 (4) 9 m s-2 (5) 0

07. ialkaOh 5 kg jk ,S l=Üáhla r¿ ;sria ;,hla u; ;nd

th p,kh lrùug wjYH wju ;sria n,h fuka 2kg
fo.=Khl n,hla fhdod wÈkq ,efí. ,S l=Üáh iy ;,h
w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.3 o .;sl >¾IK (1) 0.1 (2) 0.2 (3) 0.4 (4) 0.5 (5) 0.8
ix.=Klh 0.2 o fõ. ,S l=Üáh ,lajk ;ajrKh jkafka,
(1) 0.6 m s-2 (2) 3 m s-2 (3) 4 m s-2 (4) 6 m s-2 (5) 0 13. iqug lmamshla jgd hk ieye,a¨ wú;kH ;ka;=jlska M1
iy M2 ialkaO we;s ,S l=Üá fol iïnkaO lr uqod
08. ialkaOh m jk ,S l=Üáhla ialkaOh M jk ,S l=Üáhla yeßhfyd;a moaO;sh ;ajrKh fõ. M1 iy ;,h w;r
u; ;nd we;. ,S l=Üá fol w;r iSudldÍ >¾IK >¾IK ix.=Klh kï ;ajrKh ùu je<elaùug kï
ix.=Klh fõ. M ;nd we;af;a iqug ;,hla u;h. M M1 u; ;eìh hq;= wju ialkaOh jkafka,
u; m ,siaiSug kï m u; fhÈh hq;= wju ;sria n,h
Fmin jkafka,
F M1
m

(1) mg (2) mg/mg (4) (M + m)g (5) (M - m)g M2

09. by; .eg¿fõ ,S l=Üá fol w;r .;sl >¾IK

ix.=Klh ' kï F > Fmin jk úg M ys ;ajrKh jkafka, (1) (M2 – M1)/(2) M2/ – M1 (3) M2 – M1/
(1) 'mg/M (2) 'Mg/m (3) 'g
  (M2 – M1)M2/ + M1
(4) mg/'M (5) g/'m
14. ialkaOh 1 kg jk ,S l=Üáhla ;sria r¿ ;,hla u; ;nd
we;. ,S l=Üáh iy ;,h w;r iSudldÍ >¾IK ix.=Klh
0.5 ls. ,S l=Üáh p,kh lsÍu i`oyd ;sri iu`. 60º la
wdk;j by<g fhÈh hq;= wju n,h jkafka,
(1) 5 N (2) 5.36 N (3) 10 N (4) 20 N (5) 74.6 N

3 Mahen Jecob
15. taldldr oïje,la ;sria fïihla u; ;nd we;af;a 21. r¿ ;sria ;,hla u; fmÜáhla ;nd ;,h ;sri iu`.
oïjef,ka fldgila t,af,ñka mj;sk fia h. oïje, iy l%ufhka wdk; lrk úg wdk;sh 30º la jk úg fmÜáh
fïih w;r iSudldÍ >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.25 kï ,siaid hka;ñka ,siaiSug mgka .kS. fmÜáh iy ;,h w;r
fkdhk fia t,af,ñka mej;Sug ie,eiaúh yels Wmßu iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh jkafka,
È. jkafka uq¿ È.ska, (1) 1/2 (2) 1/3 (3) √3/2 (4) 1/√3 (5) 1
(1) 10% ls. (2) 12.5% ls. (3) 20% ls.
(4) 25% ls. (5) 50% ls. 22. ialkaOhka ms<sj,ska 1 kg, 2 kg, 3 kg ,4 kg iy 5 kg jk A,
B, C, D iy E fmÜá 5la tlu ;sria ;,hla u; fjk
16. ;sria ;,hla u; we;s A iy B >kl foll ialkaO fjku ;nd ;,h l%ufhka ;srig wdk; lrkq ,efí. A,
ms<sj,ska 5 kg iy 3 kg fõ¡ A iy ;,h w;r >¾IK B, C, D iy E fmÜá iy ;,h w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK
ix.=Klh 0.4 la o B iy ;,h w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh ix.=Kl ms<sj,ska 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.2 iy 0.1 kï uq,skau
0.5 la o fõ¡ 75 N ;sria n,hla rEmfha mßÈ A >klh u; ,siaiSu wrUkafka,
fh¥ úg A iy B >kl w;r m%;sl%shdj jkafka (1) A h. (2) B h. (3) C h. (4) D h. (5) E h.

23. ialkaOh 2 kg jk fmÜáhla ;srig 30º la wdk; ;,hla

u; ;nd we;. fmÜáh iy wdk; ;,h w;r iSudldÍ
>¾IK ix.=Klh 0.8 kï fmÜáh u; l%shd lrk >¾IK
n,h jkafka,
(1) 15 N (2) 25 N (3) 30 N (4) 45 N (5) 60 N (1) 0 (2) 10 N (3) 8√3 N
(4) 8√3 N - 10 N (5) 8√3 N + 10 N
17. by; (16) .eg¿fõ 75 N n,h fhÿfõ B >klh u; kï
A iy B >kl w;r m%;sl%shdj jkafka 24. ialkaOh 4 kg jk fmÜáhla ;srig 30º la wdk; ;,hla
(1) 15 N (2) 20 N (3) 30 N (4) 40 N (5) 45 N u; ;nd we;. fmÜáh iy wdk; ;,h w;r iSudldÍ
>¾IK ix.=Klh 0.5 o .;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.25 o
18. rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ ieye,a¨ wú;kH ;ka;=jlska tlg kï fmÜáh u; l%shd lrk >¾IK n,h jkafka,
iïnkaO lr we;s x yd y kï ,S l=Üá ;sria ìul ;nd y g (1) 20 N (2) 34.64 N (3) 14.64 N
12 N wd;;shla fhdod we`of.k hkq ,efí¡ x iy ;,h (4) 17.32 N (5) 8.66 N
w;r;a y iy ;,h w;r;a >¾IK ix.=Kl 0.05 ne.ska
fõ kï ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh jkafka, 25. ;srig fldaKhla wdk; ;,hla u; m ialkaOhla we;s
jia;=jla ;nd we;. th my<g ,siaid tau hka;ñka
je<elaùug ;,h Èf.a fhÈh hq;= wju n,h P h. th
;,h Èf.a by<g hka;ñka ;,a¨ lsÍug kï ;,h Èf.a
fhÈh hq;= n,h jkafka,
(1) 3 N (2) 4 N (3) 5 N (4) 6 N (5) 8 N (1) P + mgSin(2) P + 2mgSin(3)2mgSin- P
(4) mgSin- P (5) mgSin- 2P
19. my; moaO;sfha iqug lmamshla jgd hk ieye,a¨ wú;kH
;ka;=jlska .eg .id we;s A iy B foflau ialkaO 5 kg 26. ;srig fldaKhla wdk; ;,hla u; m ialkaOhla we;s
ne.ska fõ. A iy ;,h w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.5 ls. jia;=jla ;nd we;. th by<g hka;ñka ,siaid heùu
moaO;sfha ;ajrKh jkafka, i`oyd ;,h Èf.a fhÈh hq;= wju n,h P h. th ;,h
Èf.a my<g hka;ñka ,siaid tau hka;ñka je<elaùug
A ;,h Èf.a fhÈh hq;= n,h jkafka,
(1) P + mgSin(2) P + 2mgSin(3)2mgSin- P
(4) mgSin- P (5) mgSin- 2P

B 27. ;srig 30º lfldaKhla wdk; ;,hla u; m ialkaOhla

we;s jia;=jla ;nd we;s úg F1 n,hla ;,h Èf.a by<g
fh§fuka my<g ,siaid tau hdka;ñka je<elaúh yelsh.
;,h Èf.a by<g F2 n,hla fh§fuka th hdka;ñka
(1) 1.25 m s-2 (2) 2.5 m s-2 (3) 5 m s-2
by<g p,kh lrúh yelsh. jia;=j iy ;,h w;r
(4) 7.5 m s-2 (5) 10 m s-2
>¾IK ix.=Klh 1/2√3 kï F1 iy F2 w;r iïnkaOh
20. A ,S l=Üáh lr;a;hl isria uqyqK; iu`. iam¾Yj we;. jkafka,
,S l=Üáh iy lr;a;fha isria uqyqK; w;r iaÓ;sl (1) F2 = F1 (2) F2 = 2F1 (3) F2 = 3F1
>¾IK ix.=Klh 0.25 kï ,S l=Üáh ,siaid my<g (4) F2 = 4F1 (5) F2 = 5F1
fkdhdu i`oyd lr;a;hg ol=Kq ÈYdjg ;sìh hq;= wju
;ajrKh jkafka, 28. ;srig 30º la wdk; ;,hla u; 6 kg ialkaOhla we;s
fmÜáhla ;nd we;. fmÜáh iy ;,h w;r iaÓ;sl
>¾IK ix.=Klh 0.2 kï fmÜáh ;,h Èf.a my<g
A ,siaiSu je<elaùug ;,h Èf.a by<g fhÈh hq;= wju
n,h jkafka,
(1) 6√3 N (2) 30 N (3) (30 - 6√3) N
(1) 2.5 m s-2 (2) 5 m s-2 (3) 10 m s-2 (4) (30 + 6√3) N (5) (6√3 - 6) N
(4) 20 m s-2 (5) 40 m s-2

4 Mahen Jecob
29. iqug lmamshla jgd hk ieye,a¨ wú;kH ;ka;=jlska M1
iy M2 ialkaO we;s jia;= fol .eg .id we;. M1 iy
wdk; ;,h w;r iSudldÍ >¾IK ix.=Klh kï M1
my<g ,siaid hdug kï M2 g ;sìh yels Wmßu w.h
jkafka,
37. iu;, Rcq ud¾.hl .uka lrk g%la r:hla ;=<
fmÜáhla ;nd we;. fmÜáh iy g%la r:fha ;Ügqj w;r
>¾IK ix.=Klh 0.7 kï ;Ügqj u; fmÜáh fkd,siaik
fia g%la r:hg hd yels Wmßu ;ajrKh jkafka,
(1) 0.7 m s-2 (2) 3 m s-2 (3) 7 m s-2 (4) 10 m s-2
(5) fmÜáfha ialkaOh fkd±k .Kkh l< fkdyel.

M1 38. ialkaOh 1 kg jk fmÜáhla ;sria ud¾.hl .uka lrk

M2
g%la r:hla ;=< ;nd we;. fmÜáh iy g%la r:fha ;Ügqj
w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.6 ls. g%la r:h 5 m s-2
(1) M1(Sin Cos ) (2) M1(Sin Cos ) ;ajrKhlska .uka lrk úg fmÜáh u; l%shd lrk
(3) M1(Sin Cos ) (4) M1(Sin Cos ) >¾IK n,h jkafka,
(5) (M1Sin Cos ) (1) 1 N (2) 5 N (3) 6 N (4) 11 N (5) 0

30. my; ±lafjk moaO;sfha M1 = M2 kï iy = 30º kï 39. iqug ;,hla u; ;nd we;s 6 kg ialkaOhla we;s A jia;=j
M1 ;,h Èf.a by<g hdka;ñka .uka lsÍug fm<fò. u; 3 kg ialkaOhla we;s B jia;=j ;nd we;. A iy B
;,h iy M1 w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh jkafka, w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.4 kï A u; B fkd,siaik fia A
u; fhÈh yels Wmßu ;sria n,h jkafka,

M1 B
M2
 A F
(1) 1/2 (2) 1/√3 (3) 1/√2 (4) 1/2√2 (5) 1/2√3

31. ;srig 45º la wdk; ;,hla Èf.a ,S l=Üáhla by<g (1) 20 N (2) 36 N (3) 40 N (4) 72 N (5) 108 N
m%lafIamKh lrkq ,efí. ,S l=Üáh iy jia;=j w;r .;sl
40. ;sria ;,hla u; ;nd we;s M ialkaOhla we;s ,S l=Üáhla
>¾IK ix.=Klh 1/2 kï ,S l=Üáh ,lajk ukaokh
u; ialkaOh m ialkaOhla we;s ,S l=Üáhla ;nd we;. ,S
jkafka,
(1) g/2√2 (2) g/√2 (3) 3g/√2 (4) 3g/2√2 (5) 3g/2 l=Üá fol w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh 1 o my< ,S l=Üáh
iy ;,h w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh 2 fõ. ,S l=Üá folu
32. ;srig 45º la wdk; ;,hla Èf.a ,S l=Üáhla my<g tlg ;ajrKh jk fia my< ,S l=Üáh u; fhÈh yels
,siaid ths. ,S l=Üáh iy jia;=j w;r .;sl >¾IK Wmßu ;sria n,h F jkafka,
ix.=Klh 1/2 kï ,S l=Üáh ,lajk ;ajrKh jkafka, m
(1) g/2√2 (2) g/√2 (3) 3g/√2 (4) 3g/2√2 (5) 3g/2
M F
33. ;srig 30º la wdk; ;,hla Èf.a jia;=jla ,siaid tk
;ajrKh g/4 kï jia;=j iy ;,h w;r >¾IK
ix.=Klh jkafka,
(1) 2/√3 (2) 1/√3 (3) 1/2√3 (4) √3/2 (5) 1/2 (1) (M + m)(1 + 2)g
(2) (M - m)(1 + 2)g
34. ;srig 30º la wdk; ;,hla u; 10 kg ialkaOhla we;s (3) (M + m)(1 - 2)g
fmÜáhla ;enQ úg th g/3 l ;ajrKfhka my<g ,siaid (4) (M - m)(1 + 2)g
ths. jia;=j iy ;,h w;r .;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh (5) (M + m)(2 - 1)g
jkafka wdikakj,
(1) 0.15 (2) 0.19 (3) 0.24 (4) 0.29 (5) 0.43
ms<s;=re
35. ;,hla u; ialkaOhla we;s jia;=jla ;nd ;,fha ;srig
wdk;sh l< úg th taldldr fõ.fhka ,siaid ths. tu 01. 11. 21. 31.
jia;=j ;,fha my< fl<jf¾ ;nd ;,h Èf.a u fõ.fhka 02. 12. 22. 32.
m%lafIamKh l<fyd;a ;,h Èf.a by< hk Wmßu ÿr
03. 13. 23. 33.
jkafka,
04. 14. 24. 34.
(1) 4u2/ g Sin (2) 2u2/ g Sin (3) u2/ g Sin 
05. 15. 25. 35.
 (4) u2/ 2g Sin (5) u2/ 4g Sin 
06. 16. 26. 36.
36. M ialkaOhla we;s jia;=jla u; m ialkaOhla we;s 07. 17. 27. 37.
jia;=jla ;nd we;. tajd w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh kï M 08. 18. 28. 38.
iy m tlaj p,kh jk fia M g .; yels Wmßu ;sria 09. 19. 29. 39.
;ajrKh jkafka, 10. 20. 30. 40.
m
M

(1) g (2) g/m/m

(4) m/M (5)  m/m

5 Mahen Jecob
 1984 isg ,enqKq úNd. m%Yak 05. l=Üáhla wdk; ;,hla u; ksYap,j ;nd we;s w;r,
;,fha ;sri iu`. wdk; fldaKh  fjkia l< yel¡
01. AB taldldr oKavl A fl<jr r¿ isria ì;a;shla iu`. l=Üáh iy ;,h w;r >¾IK n,h (F),  iu`. fjkia
iam¾Yj we;¡ rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ iïmQ¾K ùu jvd;a u fyd`Èka ksrEmkh jkafkA my; tajdhska l=uk
moaO;shu isriA ;,hl msysgk f,i oKafâ uOH ,laIHh m%ia;drfhkao?
jk Q, PQ ;ka;=jla u.ska ì;a;sfha we;s P ,laIHhlg
iïnkaO lr we;¡ oKav iy ì;a;sh w;r >¾IK
ix.=Klh 3 fõ¡ ¡ì;a;sh yd oKav w;r fldaKh  kï
iu;=,s;;dj ;nd .ekSu i`oyd  ys wju w.h

(1998)

06. ;sria mDIaGhla u; we;s ialkaOh 2 kg jq jia;=jla u;

(1) 30 (2) 45 (3) 60 (4) 75 (5) 90 rEmfhys fmkajd we;s mßÈ P n,hla fhdokq ,efí¡ mDIaG
(1984) fol w;r .;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.5 fõ¡ jia;=j
taldldr m%fõ.fhka .uka lrhs kï jia;=j u; wNs,ïn
02. S ;ka;=fjys tla fl<jrla R oKavl .=re;aj flakaøhg n,h R,
iú lr we;s w;r wfkla fl<jr W r¿ ì;a;shlg iú
lr we;¡ rEmfha fmkajd we;s wkaoug oKafvys tla
fl<jrla ì;a;sh iam¾Y lrñka iu;=,s; ù we;¡ ì;a;sh
iy oKav w;r i¾mK >¾IK ix.=Klh 1 / 3 kï,
ì;a;sh iy oKav w;r fldaKhg ;sìh yels wju w.h

(1) 10 N (2) 102 N (3) 20 N (4) 202 N (5) 40 N

(2000)

07. jia;=jla ;sria fïihla u; ;nd we;¡ fuu jia;=j

Y=kHfha isg jeä jk F ;sria n,hlska w`Èkq ,enq úg
jia;=j u; ls%shd lrk >¾IK n,h f ys úp,kh jvd
fyd`Èka ksrEmKh jk m%ia;drh jkafka,

(1) 15 (2) 30 (3) 45 (4) 60 (5) 75
(1989)

03. rEmfha oelafjk A l=Üáfha nr 4 N jk w;r B l=Üáfha (2004)

nr 8 N fõ¡ iEu mDIaGhla w;ru >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.25
la fõ¡ B l=Üáh P kï n,hla u.ska ksh; fõ.hlska wÈkq
,efí¡ ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh jkafka,
08. Odjlfhl= úiska >¾IKh iys; mDIaGhla u; mdmeÈhla
mÈkq ,nk úg mdmeÈfha frdao fol u; ls%hd lrk
>¾IK n,j, ÈYdjka my; i`oyka rEm igyka w;=frka
l=ulska fmkajhs o?

(1) 3 N (2) 2 N (3) 1 N (4) 0.25 N (5) 0

(1989)
(2005)
04. rEmfha oelafjk mßÈ nr
09. W;af;da,lhl ìu u; fmÜáhla ksi,j we;¡
4 N jQ l=Üáhla F ìu u;
W;af;da,lh ksi,j we;s úg, by<g ;ajrKh jk úg, yd
;nd we;s nr 12 N jQ B
l=Üáh u; r`ojd we;¡ my<g ;ajrKh jk úg, fmÜáh ìu u; i¾mKh lsÍu
wú;kH ieye,a¨ oKavla i`oyd wjYH wju n,fha úYd,;aj ms<sfj<ska F1, F2iy
u.ska A, ì;a;shg iïnkaO F3 kï
fldg we;¡ A iy B w;r;a (1) F2 > F1 > F3 (2) F1 > F2 > F3 (3) F3 > F2 > F1
B iy F w;r;a iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh tlu jk w;r (4) F1 > F3 > F2 (5) F1 = F2 = F3
th ¼ g iudk fõ¡ B jï ÈYdjg we§u i`oyd wjYH jk (2008)
P n,fha wju w.h jkqfha
(1) 1 N (2) 2 N (3) 3 N (4) 4 N (5) 5 N
(1994)

6 Mahen Jecob
10. ialkaOh 50 kg jk fmÜáhla (A) f,dßhl ;sria ;Ügqj
u; rEmfha ±lafjk wdldrhg ;nd we;. fmÜáh iy
f,dß ;Ügqj w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.8 jk w;r
f,dßh Rcq ;sria ud¾.hla Èf.a ;ajrKh fõ. fmÜáh
f,dß ;Ügqj u; ,siaid fkdhk f,i f,dßhg ;sìh yels
Wmßu ;ajrKh jkafka,
13. l=Üáhla ksYap,;djfhka mgkaf.k A ,laIHfha isg B
,laIHh olajd >¾IKfhka f;dr nEjqula Tiafia my<g
i¾mKh fõ. l=Üáh B ,laIHh miq lsÍfuka wk;=rej
taldldr >¾IK n,hla l=Üáfha p,s;hg úreoaOj l%shd
fldg th B isg 2.5 m ÿrl § ksi,;djg m;a lrhs.
l=Üáh iy ;sria mDIaGh w;r .;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh
jkafka,

(1) 2 m s-2 (2) 4 m s-2 (3) 8 m s-2 (4) 10 m s-2 (5) 12 m s-2
(2010)
(1) 0.2 (2) 0.4 (3) 0.5 (4) 0. 6 (5) 0. 8
11. iu;, fmdf<djla u; tl tflys ialkaOh m jk (2012 merKs)
i¾jiu l=[a[ folla tllg tlla iómj ;nd we;.
rEmfha fmkajd we;s whqßka ialkaOh M jk >klhla tu 14. fïihl r¿ ;sria mDIaGh u; ;nd we;s fmÜáhla F
l=[a[ u; ;nd we;. >klh iy l=[a[h w;r úYd,;ajhlska hq;= ;sria úp,H n,hlska w`Èkq ,efí. §
>¾IKhla fkdue;s nj Wml,amkh lrkak. l=[a[ yd we;s F w.hlg mDIAGh u.ska fmÜáh u; l%shd
fmdf<dj w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh fõ. l=[a[ lrk R iïm%hqla; n,h rEmfha ±lafjk wdldrhg ;sria
p,kh fkdù ix;=,kh l< yels M ys úYd,;u w.h ÈYdj iu`. fldaKhla idohs. F iu`. fldaKfha
fokq ,nkafka, úp,kh jvd;a fyd`Èka ksrEmKh jkafka,

(1) m / √2 (2) m / (1 - ) (3) 2m / (1 - )

(4) (1 - )m (5) √2 (1 - )m
(2011 kj)

12. rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ F n,hla fh§u u.ska l=Üáhla

ì;a;shlg ;o fldg ;nd f.k we;af;a th ì;a;sfha
my<g ,siaid fkdhk mßÈh. ì;a;sfhka l=Üáh u; we;s
wNs,ïn m%;sl%shdj R u.ska o, ì;a;sfhka l=Üáh u; we;s
iaÓ;sl >¾IK n,h Fs u.ska o, iSudldÍ iaÓ;sl >¾IK
n,h Fs,Wmßu u.ska o, ksrEmKh fõ hehs is;uq. F l%ufhka
jeä lrk úg (2013)

15. ;sria w;g a ksh; ;ajrKhlska .uka lrk g%la r:hl

F ;sria ;Ügqj u; ;nd we;s ialkaOh m jk l=Üáhla
r:hg idfmalaIj ksi,j mj;S. ;Ügqj iy ialkaOh w;r
iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh fõ. ialkaOh u; l%shd lrk
>¾IK n,h fokq ,nkafka,
R Fs Fs,Wmßu (1) ma u.sks. (2) ma u.sks. (3) m(g + a) u.sks.
(1) jeä fõ. fjkia fkdfõ. jeä fõ. (4) m(g - a) u.sks. (5) mg u.sks.
(2) jeä fõ. jeä fõ. jeä fõ. (2013)
(3) jeä fõ. jeä fõ. fjkia fkdfõ.
(4) jeä fõ. wvq fõ. wvq fõ. 16. A iy B kï fudag¾ r: folla i<lkak. A fudag¾ r:fha
(5) wvq fõ. wvq fõ. wvq fõ. bÈßmi frdao muKla tkaðug iïnkaO lr lrljkq
(2011 merKs) ,nk w;r B fudag¾ r:fha miqmi frdao muKla tkaðug
iïnkaO lr lrljkq ,nhs. A iy B fudag¾ r: bÈß
ÈYdjg .uka lrk úg tajdfha bÈßmi iy miqmi frdao
u; fmdf<dj u.ska we;s lrkq ,nk >¾IK n,hkaf.a
ÈYdjka ksjerÈ j fmkajkq ,nkafka my; ±lafjk ljr
rEm igyfkka o?

7 Mahen Jecob
 úNd. nyqjrK i`oyd ms<s;=re

01. 1 06. 5 11. 3 16. 4

02. 4 07. 3 12. 1 17. 4
03. 3 08. 2 13. 2 18. 4
04. 5 09. 1 14. 2
05. 5 10. 3 15. 1
(2014)

17. taldldr iúYla;shlska hq;a lUhla fhdod .ksñka

lKavdhï folla rEmfha fmfkk mßÈ ;o ;sria iu;,
mDIaGhla u; lU we§fï ;r`.hla wdrïN lr;s.
lKavdhï folu iudk n, fhdok w;r tys m%;sM,hla
f,i lUh u; jQ O ,laIHh p,s; fkdfõ. fuu wjia:dj
ms<sn`o lr we;s my; m%ldY i<ld n,kak.

(A) lKavdhï fofla tla tla idudðlhd lUh u; iudk

n, fhdokq ,nkafka kï, lUfha yeu;eku wd;;sfha
úYd,;ajh iudk fõ.
(B) lUh u; wd;;sfha úYd,;ajh tys fNaol wd;;sh
blaujd hhs kï, lUh lefvkqfha P iy Q w;r msysá
,laIHhlska muKs.
(C) mqoa.,fhl= úiska lUh u; fhÈh yels Wmßu
n,fha úYd,;ajh mqoa.,hdf.a mdo iy mDIaGh w;r
iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh u; r`od mj;S.
by; m%ldYj,ska,
(1) A muKla i;H fõ. (2) B muKla i;H fõ.
(3) A iy B muKla i;H fõ.
(4) B iy C muKla i;H fõ.
(5) A, B iy C ish,a,u i;H fõ.
(2018)

18. ialkaOhka ms<sfj<ska 0.5 kg iy 1.0 kg jQ A iy B l=Üá

folla ieye,a¨ iqug lmamshla jgd hejQ ieye,a¨
wú;kH ;ka;=jla u.ska rEmfha olajd we;s mßÈ iïnkaO
lr we;. iam¾Y jk ish¨u mDiaG w;r .;sl >¾IK
ix.=Klh 0.25 fõ. B l=Üáh jï mig ksh; fõ.hlska
p,kh lsÍug ta u; fhÈh hq;= F n,h fldmuK o?

(1) 2.50 N (2) 3.75 N (3) 5.00 N (4) 6.25 N (5) 7.50 N
(2020)

8 Mahen Jecob
 hdka;% úoHdj - >¾IKh
ñY% wNHdi
01. ialkaOh 2 kg jk ,S l=Üáhla ;sria r¿ ;,hla u; ;nd
we;. ;,h iy ,S l=Üáh w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh
0.6 o .;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.5 o fõ.
(i) 8 N ;sria n,hla fhdod weoaofyd;a ,S l=Üáh p,kh
fõ o? fkdfõ o? myokak.
(ii) túg ,S l=Üáh u; l%shd;aul jk iïm%hqla; n,h
iy >¾IK n,h fldmuK o?
(iii) 15 N ;sria n,hla fhdod weoaofyd;a ,S l=Üáh p,kh
fõ o? fkdfõ o? myokak.
(iv) túg ,S l=Üáh u; l%shd;aul jk >¾IK n,h
.Kkh lrkak.
(v) ,S l=Üáh u; l%shdlrk iïm%hqla; n,h iy ,S
l=Üáfha ;ajrKh .Kkh lrkak.
02. 25 kg l ialkaOhla we;s jia;=jla ;sria ;,hla u; we;.
p,s;h wdrïN ùug kï fhÈh hq;= wju ;sria n,h 75 N
o p,s; jQ miq taldldr fõ.fhka p,kh mj;ajd .ekSug
wjYH n,h 50 N o fõ. iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh iy
.;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh .Kkh lrkak.
(ms<s;=re : 0.3, 0.2)
03. rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ F n,hla fh§u u.ska ialkaOh
0.5 kg jk l=Üáhla ì;a;shlg ;o fldg ksYap,j ;nd
f.k we;af;a th ì;a;sfha my<g ,siaid fkdhk mßÈh.
l=Üáh iy ì;a;sh w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.2
kï,
F (ms<s;=re : 2000 N, 0)
(i) F ys wju w.h .Kkh lrkak.
(ii) F = 30 N kï l=Üáh u; l%shd lrk >¾IK n,h
.Kkh lrkak.
(ms<s;=re : 25 N, 5 N)
04. ialkaOh 50 kg jk fmÜáhla ;sria ;,hla u; ;nd we;.
fmÜáh iy ;,h w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.3 ls.
fmÜáh hka;ñka we§u i`oyd ;,hg,
(i) iudka;r fhÈh hq;= n,h
(ii) 30º la wdk;j by<g fhÈh hq;= n,h .Kkh
lrkak.
(ms<s;=re : 150 N, 163 N)
05. A iy B jia;= fofla nrj,a ms<sj,ska 4 N iy 8 N fõ.
iEu iam¾Y mDIaG folla w;ru >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.25
kï B taldldr fõ.fhka p,kh jk my; tla tla
wjia:dfõ § B u; fhdod we;s F ;sria n,fha w.h
fidhkak.
(i) A o B iu`. taldldr fõ.fhka .uka lrk úg
A .=Khls. whsia legh iy ;,h w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh
F B
(ii) A ì;a;shlg iïnkaO lr ksYap,j we;s úg
A
F B
9 Mahen Jecob
fN!;sl úoHdj - w¡fmd¡i¡ (W¡fm¡)
ufyaka fcalí
(iii) iqug lmamshla jgd hk ieye,a¨ wú;kH ;ka;=jlska
A iy B iïnkaO lr we;s úg
A
F B
(ms<s;=re : 3 N, 4 N, 5 N)
06. ialkaOh 10 kg jk ,S fmÜáhla È. 0.75 m jk ;sria
;,hla u; ;nd ;,fha tla fl<jrla Tijkq ,efí. tu
fl<jr 0.3 m l isria Wila tijQ úg fmÜáh hka;ñka
,siaiSug mgka .kS. ,S fmÜáh iy jia;=j w;r >¾IK
ix.=Klh .Kkh lrkak.
(ms<s;=r: 2/√21)
07. ;srig 30º la wdk; lkaola Èf.a fudagr r:hla 27 km h-1
fõ.fhka .uka lrñka ;sìh § tkaðu ksjd ouhs. ghr
iy ud¾.h w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.4 kï kej;Sug
fmr fudag¾ r:h lkao Èf.a fldmuK ÿrla by< hhs o?
(ms<s;=r: 3.32 m)
08. ;srig 30º la wdk; ;,hla u; 200 kg ialkaOhla we;s
fmÜáhla ;nd we;. fmÜáh iy ;,h w;r iaÓ;sl
>¾IK ix.=Klh 1/√3 fõ. fmÜáh iu;=,s;j ;nd
.ekSug ;,h Èf.a fhÈh hq;= Wmßu n,h iy wju n,h
.Kkh lrkak.
09. W kg n/;s wxY=jla r¿ wdk; ;,hla u; ;nd we;¡ tu
;,h ;sria ÈYdjg ork wdk;sh l%ufhka jeä lrk ,È¡
fï wdk;sh tan-1 (1/2) la jQ úg wxY=j ;,h my<g
hka;ï ,siaid hdug mgka .kS¡ mDIAG w;r >¾IK
ix.=Klh fidhkak¡
;sria ÈYdjg fuu ;,h ork wdk;sh tan-1(5 / 12) jQ úg
wxY=j ;,h Èf.a hka;ï my<g .uka lrùug ;,hg
iudka;rj my< foig fhÈh hq;= n,h o wxY=j ;,h
Èf.a hka;ï by<g .uka lrùug ;,hg iudka;rj
fhÈh hq;= wju n,h o fidhkak¡
(ms<s;=re : 0.5, Wg / 13, 11Wg / 13)
10. ;srig 60º la wdk; ;,hla u; fmÜáhla
ksYap,;djfhka ;enQ úg th my<g ;ajrKh fõ.
fmÜáh iy ;,h w;r .;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.3 h.
fmÜáhg ;,h Èf.a 5 m l ÿrla ,siaid taug .;jk
ld,h .Kkh lrkak.
(ms<s;=r : 1.18 s)
11. ;srig 60º la wdk; r¿ ;,hla Èf.a whsia leghlg
,siaid taug .; jk ld,h tu wdk;shu we;s iqug
;,hla Èf.a tu ÿru ,siaid taug .; jk ld,h fuka 1.2
.Kkh lrkak.
(ms<s;=r : 0.53)
12. ;srig 45º la wdk; ;,hla u; we;s ,S l=Üáj, ialkaO t,af,k >klhg iïnkaO lrkq ,efí. moaO;sh p,s; jk
m1 = 1.5 kg o m2 = 3 kg o fõ. tajd wdk; ;,hg ;ajrKh iy ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh .Kkh lrkak.
iudka;r ieye,a¨ oKavlska wE`od we;. m1 iy ;,h w;r
.;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.3 o m2 iy ;,h w;r .;sl 0.2kg
>¾IK ix.=Klh 0.15 o fõ. ,S l=Üáj, fmdÿ ;ajrKh
0.8kg 0.8kg
iy oKafâ wd;;sh .Kkh lrkak.
m1

0.2kg
m2
0.2kg 0.2kg
(1) rEmh (2) rEmh
45º
(ms<s;=re : 5.65 m s-2, 1.05 N)
16. rEmfha olajd we;s wdldrhg 2.0 kg yd 3.0 kg ialkaO
w;r .;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.3 ls¡ 3.0 kg ialkaOh ;nd
13. rEmfha mßÈ M1, M2 iy M3 ialkaO P1 iy P2 iqug lmams
jgd hk ieye,a¨ wú;kH ;ka;= follska iïnkaO lr we;s ;,h iqug fõ¡ lmamsh o iqug kï,
we;. M2 = M3 = 4.0 kg o M2 iy wdk; ;,h w;r;a M3
iy ;sria ;,h w;r;a >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.25 o fõ.
wdk; ;,h ;sri iu`. 37º la wdk; fõ. ialkaO taldldr
fõ.fhka p,kh fõ kï M1 ys w.h .Kkh lrkak. Sin
37º = 0.6 iy Cos 37º = 0.8 f,i .kak.

(i) tla tla ialkaOh u; l%shd lrk n, fjk fjk u

we`o kï lrkak¡
(ii) tla tla ialkaOfha ;ajrKfha úYd,;ajh yd ÈYdj
fidhkak¡
(iii) tla tla ;ka;=fõ wd;;Ska o .Kkh lrkak¡
(ms<s;=r : 4.2 kg) (iv) fïih yd 3.0 kg ialkaOh w;r .;sl >¾IK
ix.=Klh 0.5 la kï (i), (ii) yd (iii) fldgia kej;
14. rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ iqug lmamshla jgd hk lrkak¡
ieye,a¨ wú;kH ;ka;=jlska iïnkaO lr we;s A ys (ms<s;=re : 5.87 m s-2, 41.33 N, 17.73 N, 4.2 m s-2, 58 N,
ialkaOh 1 kg o B ys ialkaOh 0.5 kg o fõ. A iy fïih 14.4 N)
w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.2 ls.
17. ;ka;=jl tla fl<jrla r¿ ;sria fïihla u; i¾mKh
jk fia ;enq M ialkaOhlg o tys wfkla fl<jr wp, D
A ,laIHhlg o iïnkaO lr we;af;a rEm igyfkys
fmkajd we;s wdldrhg A yd B iqug wp, lmams folla
iy iqug ip, lmamshla o jgd heùfuks¡ C lmamsfhka M
ialkaOhla t,ajd we;¡

(i) uqodyßk ,o úg A ,siaidhdu je<elaùug kï A u;

;eìh hq;= wu;r ialkaOh .Kkh lrkak.
(ii) tu ialkaOh bj;a l<fyd;a A ,siaid hk ;ajrKh
.Kkh lrkak. A iy fïih w;r .;sl >¾IK
ix.=Klh 0.1 ls.
(ms<s;=re : 1.5 kg, 2.67 m s-2) (i) M ialkaOh iSudldÍ iu;=,s; wjia:dfõ mj;akd úg
M yd fïih w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh
15. by; (1) rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ ;sria fïihla u; ;nd  = m / 2M nj;a
we;s ialkaOh 0.8 kg jk >klh bu; ialkaOh 0.2 kg jk (ii) m ialkaOh F ;ajrKhlska my<g .uka .kakd úg
>klh ;nd >kl ixhqla;h iqug lmamshla u;ska .uka M yd fïih w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh,
lrk ieye,a¨ wú;kH ;sria ;ka;=jl tla fl<jrlg 1
1  [mg  m  4 M  f ]
iïnkaO lr we;. ;ka;=fõ wfkla fl<jßka ialkaOh 2 Mg
0.2 kg jk ;j;a >klhla t,ajd moaO;sh ksh; fõ.fhka nj;a fmkajkak.
p,kh ùug i,iajd we;. 0.8 kg >klh u; we;s 0.2 kg
>klh bj;a lr (2) rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ th 0.2 kg

10 Mahen Jecob
18. ialkaOh 25 kg jk taldldr bKsuÕla tys my< fl<jr
r¿ ;sria ìï ;,hla u; o by< fl<jr iqug isria
ì;a;shla iuÕ iam¾Y fjñka o ;sfnk fia ksi,j we;¡
my< fl<jr;a ìu;a w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.4 kï
iSudldÍ iu;=,s; wjia:dfõ § bKsufÕa tla tla fl<jr
u; we;s jk m%;sls%hd o bKsuÕ isri iuÕ idok
fldaKh o fidhkak¡
(ms<s;=re :100 N, 269 N, 38º 39´)

19. È. 4 m iy ialkaOh 22 kg jQ taldldr bksu`.la tys

by< fl<jr iqug isria ì;a;shlg fya;a;= jk fia o
my< fl<jr r¿ ;sria ìul o ;nd we;. ialkaOh 70 kg
jQ ñksfil= ;Ska; wdf,am lsÍu i`oyd tys uq¿ Wi Ndú;d
lrhs. fuu bksu`. ;srig 60º l wdk;shlska hq;=j ;nd
Ndú;d lsÍu i`oyd ìu iy bksu`. w;r ;sìh hq;= wju
>¾IK ix.=Klh l=ula o?
(ms<s;=r : 0.51)

20. 12 m È. 50 kg ialkaOhla we;s taldldr bksuÕl

fofl<jr A iy B h¡ A fl<jr iqug isria ì;a;shl
.efgñka o B fl<jr r¿ ;sria ìï ;,hl .efgñka o
bksuÕ isria ;,hl msysgd we;¡ ìï ;,h iy bKsuÕ
w;r >¾IK ix.=Klh 0.5 ls¡ bksufÕa iu;=,s;;djh
fkdì| 60 kg ialkaOhla we;s ñksfil=g 40 kg ialkaOhla
Wiq,d f.k bksuÕ Èf.a 9 m ÿr keÕsh yels kï
bKsufÕa ;srig wdk;sh fidhkak¡ (53.13º)

21. W nrla we;s taldldr bKsuÕl my< fl<jr r¿ ;sria

ìula u; ;nd we;af;a tys by< fl<jr r¿ isria
ì;a;shla iuÕ iam¾Y jk fia h¡ bKsufÕys my<
fl<jr iy ìu w;r;a by< fl<jr iy ì;a;sh w;r;a
>¾IK ix.=Klh  kï bKsuÕ iSudldÍ iu;=,s;;djfha
mj;sk úg tys by< iy my< fl<jrj,a ,lajk
m%;sl%shd o bKsuÕ ;sri iuÕ idok fldaKh o fidhkak¡
(ms<s;=re: W / (1 + 2)1/2, W / (1 + 2)1/2,
tan-1{(1 - )/ 2} )

22. nr 200 N jQ 4 m È. taldldr bksu`.l fl<jrla r¿ ìï

;,hla u; isák fia o wfkla fl<jr iqug isria
ì;a;shlg o fya;a;= fjñka iSudldÍ iu;=,s;;djfha
mj;S¡ ìu iy bksu`. w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh
1/2 ls¡
(i) bksu`. u; l%shd lrk n, rEm igyklska olajd kï
lrkak¡ (ìfuys m%;sls%hdj wNs,ïN m%;sl%shdj iy
>¾IK n,h f,i fjkaj fjkaj olajkak¡)
(ii) ìfuys wNs,ïN m%;sl%shdj, >¾IK n,h iy ì;a;sfha
m%;sl%shdj .Kkh lrkak¡
ìfuys iïm%hqla; m%;sl%shdj o fidhkak¡
(iii) ;srig bksuf`.a wdk;sh fidhkak¡
(iv) ì;a;sh iy bksu`. w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh o
1/2 la ù kï 400 N n/;s <ufhl=g bksu`.
fkd,siaik fia bksuf`.a fldmuK ÿrla hd yels o?
(ms<s;=re: 200 N, 100 N, 100 N, 224 N, 45º, 2.6 m)

11 Mahen Jecob
 hdka;% úoHdj – >¾IKh fN!;sl úoHdj - w¡fmd¡i¡ (W¡fm¡)
miq.sh úNd. yd wdo¾Y m%Yak - jHqy.; rpkd yd rpkd m%Yak ufyaka fcalí

01. rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ X ñksfil= úiska B ,S 02. ;sria fïihla u; ir, f¾Ldjla Tiafia .uka .kakd
fmÜáhlg .eg .id we;s R ;sria ,Kqjla u`.ska r¿ jia;=jl úia:dmk (x) ld, (t) jl%h rEmfha fmkajd we;¡
;sria mDIaGhla Èf.a fmÜáh w`Èkq ,nhs¡ jia;=fõ ialkaOh 0.5 kg fõ¡

(i) (a) B fmÜáh yd R ,Kqj u; ls%hd lrk ;sria n,

my; fmkajd we;s rEmj, ,l=Kq lrkak¡
(tla tla n,h ,l=Kq lsÍu i`oyd my; wxlkh (i) jia;=fõ wdrïNl m%fõ.h;a wjidk m%fõ.h;a
Ndú;d lrkak¡) fidhkak¡
FRX - ñksid úiska ,Kqj u; fhdok n,h (ii) (a) jia;=fõ iïmQ¾K .uk i|yd wkqrEm
FRB - fmÜáh u.ska ,Kqj u; fhdok n,h m%fõ. - ld, jl%h w`Èkak¡
FBR - ,Kqj u.ska fmÜáh u; fhdok n,h (b) jia;=j .uka l, uq¿ ÿr ks¾Kh lrkak¡
F - fmÜáh u; >¾IK n,h (c) t = 10 s § jia;=fõ p,s;hg l=ula isÿ fõ oehs
meyeÈ,s lrkak¡
(d) t = 10 s § we;s jk fjkialïj,g iudk foa
ksÍlaIKh l< yels m%dfhda.sl WodyrKhla
fokak¡
R (iii) 35 s g miq p,s;fha § fïih uÕska we;s lrkq ,nk
B ksh; >¾IK n,hlg jia;=j hg;a fõ hehs o Bg
2 s g miqj th ksYap,;djhlg m;a jkafka hehs o
is;kak¡
(a) jia;=j u; ls%hd lrk >¾IK n,fha úYd,;ajh
fldmuKo@
(b) jia;=j yd fïih w;r we;s .;sl >¾IK
(b) by; n, w;ßka l%shd – m%;sl%shd hq.,h f,i ix.=Klfhys w.h .Kkh lrkak¡
ie<lsh yelafla l=ula o? (1994)
(ii) ñksid úiska 100 N n,hla fhdod ,Kqj w`Èk ,o úg (ms<s;=re : 10 cm s-1, - 8 cm s-1, 300 cm, 0.02 N, 0.004)
o fmÜáh ;jÿrg;a ksi,j mj;S¡ fï wjia:dfõ §
mDIaGh u`.ska fmÜáh u; we;s lrk >¾IK n,h
fldmuK o? 03. mDIAG folla w;f¾ iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh () ks¾Kh
(iii) (a) ñksid úiska ,Kqj 150 N n,hlska w`Èk úg lsÍu i|yd, tla uqyqK;lg fldlalla iú fldg we;s
fmÜáh p,s; ùug wdikak;u wjia:djl mj;S¡
taldldr RcqfldaKdi%dldr ,S l=Üáhla, ieye,a¨ ÿkakla,
fï fudfydf;a § ,Kqj u.ska fmÜáh u;
óg¾ fldaÿjla yd ialkaOhla (M) 0.1 kg, 0.2 kg, 0.3 kg,
fhfok n,h fldmuK o?
0.4 kg yd 0.5 kg jk Ndr myla Tng imhd we;¡ n, uek
(b) fmÜáfha ialkaOh 50 kg kï fmÜáh yd
mDIagh w;r iaÓ;sl >¾IK ix.=Klh .kkh .ekSug ÿkak l%udxlkh lsÍu i|yd ÿkafka tla
fl<jrla wp, ,laIHhlg wE|d wfkla fl<jßka rEmfha
lrkak¡ fmkajd we;s mßÈ § we;s Ndr t,a,kq ,efí¡
(iv) (a) ñksid úiska fhdok n,h 200 N olajd jeä l<
ÿkak u; fhdok n,h (Mg) yd Bg wkqrEm ÿkafka È. (l)
úg fmÜáh yd ,Kqj 2 m s-2 ksh; ;ajrKhlska my; olajd we;s wdldrfhka m%%ia;dr.; lrkq ,efí¡
p,kh ùu wrUhs¡ ,Kqfõ ialkaOh 1 kg kï
,Kqj u`.ska fmÜáh u; we;s lrk n,h
.Kkh lrkak¡
(b) fï wjia:dfõ § mDIaGh u`.ska fmÜáh u; we;s
lrk >¾IK n,h .Kkh lrkak¡
(c) mDIaGh iy fmÜáh w;r .;sl >¾IK
ix.=Klh ks¾Kh lrkak¡
(2000)
(ms<s;=re : 100 N, 150 N, 0.3, 198 N, 98 N, 0.196)

12 Mahen Jecob
 Vocabulary

Statics iaÓ;s úoHdj Dynamics .;s úoHdj

Force n,h Resultant iïm%hqla; h
Motion p,s;h Coplanar tal;,
Equilibrium iu;=,s;;djh Rigid body oDV jia;=
String ;ka;=j Pulley lmamsh
Weight nr Mass ialkaOh
weightleness Y=kH nr massless ialkaOhla ke;s
;;a;ajh
light ieye,a¨ Inextensible wú;kH
Action l%shdj Reaction m%;sl%shdj
Internal wNHka;r External ndysr
Gravitational force .=re;ajdl¾IK n,h
Fictitious force mßl,ams; n,h
Tension wd;;sh Compression f;rmqu
(i) ,S l=Üáh ÿkafka t,aÆ úg ÿkafka È. 30 mm nj Normal reaction wNs,ïn m%;sl %shdj
fidhd .kakd ,§¡ by; l%udxlk m%ia;drh Ndú;d Friction >¾IKh Limiting iSudldÍ
fldg ,S l=Üáfha ialkaOh ks¾Kh lrkak¡ Smooth iqug rough r¿
(ii) oeka l=Üáh ;sria fïihla u; ;nd rEmfha fmkajd Static friction iaÓ;sl Dynamic .;sl >¾IKh
we;s mßÈ ÿkak fldlalg iïnkaO lrkq ,efí¡ >¾IKh friction
B<Õg ,S l=Üáh hka;ñka i¾mKh ùu wdrïN jk Frictional forces >¾IK n,
f;la ÿkak ;sriaj w¢kq ,efí¡ fuh isÿjk úg Coefficient of friction >¾IK ix.=K lh
ÿkafka È. (l) uek .kq ,efí¡ Inclined plane wdk; ;,h
iSudldÍ >¾IK n,h F mDIAG w;r wNs,ïn Self adjusting forces iajhx iSreudre n,
m%;sl%shdj R iy  iuÕ olajk iïnkaO;djh ,shd Free body diagrams ksoyia n, rEm igyka
olajkak¡ Parallelogram law of forces n, iudka;rdi% m%fïhh
Force resolution method n, úfNaok l%uh
Force polygon method n, nyq wi% l%uh
Driven wheels t<jqï frdao undriven fkdt<fjk
Moment >Q¾Kh Torque jHdj¾;h
(iii) tla tla Ndrh ,S l=Üáh u; ;nd (ii) ys i|yka Clockwise olaIsKdj¾; Anticlockwise jdudj¾;
mÍlaIKd;aul ls%hd ms<sfj, kej; lrkq ,efí¡ tfia Moment of couple n, hq.auhl >Q¾Kh
,nd .;a l ys w.hhka my; j.=fõ § we;¡ parallel iudka;r Line of action l%shd f¾Ldj
rigid oDV Support wdOdrlh
pivot új¾;ksh hinge wiõj
R(N) l(mm) F(N)
l=Üáh lsisÿ Ndrhla fkdue;sj Centre of gravity .=re;aj flakaøh
25 ialkaO flakaøh
Centre of massm
l=Üáh + 0.1 kg Ndrh 30 Regular shaped bodies iudldr jia;=
l=Üáh + 0.2 kg Ndrh 35 Compound bodies ixhqla; jia; =
l=Üáh + 0.3 kg Ndrh 41 Stable ia:dhs Unstable wia:dhs
l=Üáh + 0.4 kg Ndrh 48 Neutral WodiSk Inertia wjiaÓ;sh
l=Üáh + 0.5 kg Ndrh 55 slip ,siaikjd topple fmr<S jefgkjd
Inertial mass wjiaÓ;sl ial kaOh
(a) R w.hhka .Kkh lrñka yd wkqrEm F Gravitational mass .=re;ajdl¾IK ial kaOh
w.hhka ,nd .ksñka by; j.=j iïmQ¾K Inertial frames wjiaÓ;s ks¾foaY rduq
lrkak¡ Non - inertial frames wjiaÓ;s fkdjk ks¾foaY rduq
(b) my; § we;s cd,lfha (grid) by; F iy R Momentum .uH;djh Impulse wdfõ.h
hq.,hka l;srj,ska () i<l=Kq lrkak¡ Impulsive forces wdfõ.S n,
(c) by; ,laIHh yryd we¢h yels fyd|u ir, Conservation of linear f¾Çh .uH;d ixiaÒ;s kshuh
f¾Ldj igyka lrkak¡ momentum
Elastic collision m%;Hia: .ehqï
(d) m%ia;drfha wkql%uKh fidhd tkhska  i|yd
Inelastic collision wm%;Hia: .ehqï
w.hla ,nd .kak¡
velocity of approach <xùfï m%fõ.h
(iv) óg¾ fldaÿj wdOdrfhka l uekSu i|yd (ii) ys § wE;aùfï idfmalaI m%fõ.h
velocity of recession
fhdod .; yels jvd;u WÑ; l%shd ud¾.h l=ula o? Ticket timer áls uqyq¾;lh Ticker tape áls máh
(2001) frequency ixLHd;h Period wdj¾; ld,h
Friction compensated runway >¾IKh ydksmQrKh l< ;,h
Linear ait track f¾Çh jdhqmdhkh
Work ld¾hh Energy Yla;sh
Mechanical hdka;%sl Kinetic pd,l
Potential úNj Elastic m%;Hia:
Elongation Èlaùu extension ú;;sh
Force constant n, ksh;h Hooke’s law yqlaf.a kshuh
Power cjh, Efficiency ld¾hlaIu;djh
laIu;djh
Input m%odk Output m%;sodk
Mass – energy equivalence ialkaO – Yla;s iólrKh
formula

13 Mahen Jecob
14 Mahen Jecob