Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Developmental Disturbances
Developmental Disturbances
Developmental Disturbances
Disturbances of
Teeth
D e v e lo p m e n t a l
Disturbances
(1) Size
(3) Shape/Form
Microdontia
Macrodontia
S iz e
Microdontia
exceedingly rare
common condition
peg lateral
instead of parall el or
diverging me si al + di stal
surfaces
(3) Focal/Localized
Microdontia
forms cone-shaped
crown
root is frequently
shorter t h a n usual
S iz e
Macrodontia
associated with
pituitary gigantism
exceedingly rare
(2) R e l a t i v e G e ne r a liz e d Macrodontia
results in crowding of
teeth
unknown etiology
(3) Shape/Form
Supernumerary
Anodontia
Impaction
Number and Eruption
Supernumerary
• normal morphology
• rudimentary
• miniature
Number and Eruption
Supernumerary
Supernumerary
• malposition of adjacent
teeth
• characteristically found
in cleidocranial dysostosis
Number and Eruption
Supernumerary
Mesiodens
Fourth molar
•Maxillary Paramolar
• Distomolar or Distodens
Mandibular Premolar
Supernumerary
Maxillary Premolars
M es io d e ns
most common
supernumerary tooth
singly
paired
erupted or impacted
inverted
Mesiodens
small tooth
cone-shaped crown
short root
(
2 nd most common
small + rudimentary
interproximally between 1 st
+ 2 nd or 2 nd + 3 rd maxillary
molars
D is t o molar /Distodens
Supernumerary
Anodontia
Impaction
Number and Eruption
Anodontia
absence of teeth
N u m b e r a n d E r u p t io n
Anodontia
Complete Anodontia
Partial Anodontia
• Hypodontia
• Oligodontia
Pseudoanodontia
False Anodontia
C o m p l e t e A n o d o ntia
rare
lack of development of
one or more teeth
Oligodontia
lack of development of
six or more teeth
Pseudoanodontia
Supernumerary
Anodontia
Impaction
Number and Eruption
Impaction
less commonly:
• premolars
• mandibular canines
• second molars
Number and Eruption
Impaction
Ankylosis
An k y lo sis
(3) Shape/Form
Crown
Root
Shape and Form
Crown
F usion
Gemination
Taurodontism
Talon’s Cusp
Leong’s Cusp
Shape and Form
Crown
Dens Invaginatus
Peg-shaped Lateral
Hutchinson Incisor
Mulberry Molar
Shape and Form
Root
Concresence
Enamel Pearl
Dilaceration
Flexion
Ankylosis
F u s io n
joining of 2 developing
tooth germs
resulti n g i n a singl e
large tooth stru ctu re
Fig. 1-55
Ge m in a tio n
Formation of 2 teet h
from a single enamel
or ga n
partial cleavage
appearance of 2 cr own s
t h a t share same root
canal
elongated crowns
• resulting in pulp
chambers t h a t have
apical occlusal height
Taurodontism
Down syndrome
Klinefelter’s syndrome
Taurodontism
No t r e atme nt is required
Dens Evaginatus
Talon’s Cusp
Leung’s Premolar
Dental
pulp
Talon’s C us p
well-delineated additional
cusp
developmental condition
located on occlusal
surface between buccal +
lingual cusps of premolars
unilaterally or bilaterally
Dens Invaginatus
(Dens in Dente)
deep surface invagination
of cr own or r oot t h a t is lined
by enam el
2 forms:
coronal
radicular
Dens Invaginatus
(Dens in Dente)
depth vari es fr om sl i gh t
enlarg emen t of ci ngu lum
to a de ep i nfolding t h a t
extends to apex
Histologically,
Classified into
Type I
Type II
Type III
Dens Invaginatus
(Dens in Dente)
Type I
• confined to the crown
Type II
• extends below cemento
enamel junction
• ends in a blind sac
• may or may not
communicate with
adjacent dental pulp
Dens Invaginatus
(Dens in Dente)
Type III
smaller t h a n normal
Figure 7: Right lateral view prior to Figure 8: Right lateral view after bonding.
bonding.
characteristic of congenital
syphilis
la t er a l incisor s a r e peg-sh a p ed
or screwdriver-shaped
widely spaced
with a crescent-shaped
deformity
Hutchinson ’s Incisor
English surgeon +
pathologist who 1 st
described it
Mulberry Molar
characterized by multiple
rounded rudimentary enamel
cusps on permanent 1 st molars
Mulberry Molar
Root
Concresence
Enamel Pearl
Dilaceration
Flexion
Ankylosis
Co n c re s c e n c e
uncommon, minor
abnormalities,
which are formed on normal
teeth
Enamel Pearls
may be detected on
radiographic examination
Enamel Pearls
angulation or a sharp
bend or curve in root
or crown of a formed tooth
t r a u m a to a developing
tooth can cause root to for m
a t a n angle to normal
axis of tooth
rare deformity
D ila c e ra tio n
movement of crown or
of the crown a nd par t of root
from remaining developing
root may result in sharp
angulation after tooth
completes development
D ila c e ra tio n
may be a result of t r a u m a to
the developing tooth
An k y lo sis
also known as
“submerged teeth”
undergone variable
degree of root resor ption
An k y lo sis
have become ankylosed
to bone
(3) Shape/Form
Hereditary Enamel
Dysplasia
Hereditary Brown Enamel
Hereditary Brow Opalescent
Teeth
Am e lo g e n e s is
I mpe r f ec ta
group of conditions caused by
defects in the genes encoding
enamel matrix proteins
amelogenin mutated in
enamelin in patients
others with this
condition
Am e lo g e n e s is
I mpe r f ec ta
deciduous
permanent
hypoplasia
hypomaturation
hypocalcified
Am e lo g e n e s is
I mpe r f ec ta
No t r eatment except for
improvement of cosmetic
appearance
H y po pla s t ic
A m e l o g e n e s i s I m pe r fec ta
inadequate formation of m atrix
enamel is randomly:
pitted
grooved or very thin
h a r d + translucent
abnormal contour
absent interproximal
contact points
Radiographically:
no t r e at me nt is necessary
Hypomaturation
A m e l o g e n e s i s Impe r fe cta
enamel is normal in form on
eruption but:
opaque
white to brownish-yellow
softer t h a n normal
tends to chip from
underlying dentin
Hypomaturation
A m e l o g e n e s i s I mpe r f ec ta
Radiographically:
poorly calcified
Radiographically:
Radiographically:
bulbous crowns
cervical constriction
thin roots
early obliteration of root s
canals + pulp chamb ers
D e n t i n o g e n e s i s Impe r fec ta
Treatment:
Classification:
Type I
Type II
Type III
Ty pe I D e n t i n o g e n e s i s
I mpe r f ec ta
occurs in families with
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
“Bradwine type”
periapical radiolucencies
Ty pe III D e n t i n o g e n e s i s
I mpe r f ec ta
enamel appears normal
normal enamel
hereditary disease
Dentin Dysplasia
Classification:
periapical lesion
Radiographically:
Radiographically:
(Deciduous)
roots are extremely short
pulps almost completely
obliterated
(Permanent)
abnormally large pulp
chambers in coronal portion of
tooth
Regional
Od o n t o d y s p la s ia
also known as:
Odontogenic Dysplasia
Odontogenesis Imperfecta
Ghost Teeth
Regional
Od o n t o d y s pla s i a
one or several teeth in a
localized area are affected
etiology is unknown
Regional
Od o n t o d y s p la s ia
teeth affected may exhibit
a delay or total failure in
eruption
marked reduction in
radiodensity
teeth assume a “ghost”
appearance
both enamel + dentin appear
very thin
pulp chamber is exceedingly
large
Regional
Od o n t o d y s p la s ia
Treatment:
enlarged pulps