INTRODUCTION

A Web application (Web app) is an application

program that is supplied via the Internet via a
browser interface and is kept on a remote
server. By definition, web services are web
applications, and most websites—though not
all—contain web applications. Jarel Remick,
editor of Web.AppStorm, claims that a Web
app is any component of a website that
provides a service to the user.

Web applications can be created for a wide

range of purposes and are accessible to
everyone, from businesses to individuals, for a
number of functions. Webmail, online
calculators, and online stores are a few
examples of frequently used Web apps. While
some Web apps are only accessible through a
particular browser, the majority are accessible
through all browsers.

workings of web applications

Since web apps are accessed through a
network, downloading is not necessary.
Through a web browser like Google Chrome,
Mozilla Firefox, or Safari, users can visit a Web
application.

A web app requires a database, an application

server, and a web server in order to function.
While the application server completes the
given task, web servers handle client requests.
Any necessary data can be kept in a database.
Web apps may be created by small
development teams and often have quick
development cycles. Most web applications are
created using Cascading Style Sheets, HTML5,
or JavaScript (CSS). These languages are
frequently used for client-side programming,
which aids in creating an application's front
end. The scripts that a Web application will use
are created through server-side programming.
Ruby,
Java, and Python are frequently used in server-
side development.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Now, it's crucial to keep in mind that the ideal

method to handle performance issues is to
detect and solve them before they ever have
an impact on users. A strong maintenance plan
is one of the best tools you can carry along.
Prepare a downtime strategy, and draft
scalability and redundancy strategies.
Consider the user load you will need to
manage during the upcoming month and the
upcoming year. Of course, you should also
routinely test your load and keep an eye on
how your production is doing.

Nevertheless, despite your best efforts, things

will still happen. Following are some of the
typical reasons of web app performance issues
and possible solutions.

Problem 1: Poorly written code

Numerous web application problems, such as

ineffective algorithms, memory leaks, and
application deadlocks, can be caused by poorly
written code. Performance can also be
hampered by integrated legacy systems or
outdated software. Make sure your teams are
utilizing all the tools available to them,
including automated tools like profilers and
industry-recognized best practices for
programming, such as code reviews.

Problem 2: Unoptimized databases

The highest levels of security and performance
are possible with an optimized database,
whereas an unoptimized database can
completely ruin a commercial program.
Missing indexes cause SQL queries to execute
slowly, which can cause a whole website to
become unresponsive. Make sure to check for
any ineffective queries using scripts and file
statistics.
Problem 3: Unmanaged growth of data
Data systems typically deteriorate with time.
Your success with web performance depends
on creating a strategy to manage and track
data as it expands. Choosing a responsible
party for data expansion in your company is
the first step. Your team will then need to
conduct research and choose the best storage
option for your data demands. Examine all of
your possibilities, including databases, caches,
and more complex tiered storage systems.

Problem 4: Traffic spikes

In general, we view an increase in traffic as
positive. However, everyone that has
encountered significant traffic increases
following a marketing promotion or viral video
is aware of what might occur if you are not
adequately prepared for them. Setting up an
early warning system using simulated user
monitoring systems is crucial. By doing this,
you'll be able to tell whether traffic is having
an adverse effect on transactions before your
users suffer.

Problem 5: Poor load distribution

Slow response times can be caused by
improperly allocating new site visitors to
overloaded servers instead of others with
available cycles. Even if the system as a whole
is far under capacity, there will be issues if
there are too many users on one server.
Testing using a tool like NeoLoad is essential
since it will enable you to identify any current
infrastructure issues.
Problem 6: Default configurations
System tuning must be done correctly.
Although default configurations make it
simple to set up and use new components,
they aren't necessarily suitable for your web
applications in a real-world production
environment. Review the thread counts,
allocated memory, and permissions. Inspect
every setting. Verify that all configuration
parameters are appropriate for the demands
made on your web application and are not set
up in a particular way merely for convenience.

Problem 7: DNS, firewall, and network

connectivity
The majority of online traffic is made up of
DNS requests. This is why a DNS problem can
be so problematic, stopping users from
accessing your website and leading to errors,
404s, and misdirected pathways. For access
and productivity, network connectivity and
firewall effectiveness are equally important.
To identify current issues, use DNS monitoring
safety measures. Switches should also be
updated, VLAN tags checked, and jobs
distributed among servers. These are only a
few methods for resolving problems with this
kind of performance.

Problem 8: Troublesome third-party services

You are aware that some slowdowns may
occur if you use third-party services. Who
hasn't experienced a delayed page while
waiting for an advertisement to load from
another ad server? It's crucial to identify
whether a problem is coming from your end or
the third-party provider if your users are
having issues. Consider making some design
adjustments to shield your website from at
least some of the effects of a third-party
service issue if you decide to keep utilizing the
third-party service. Finally, confirm that the
performance assurances are understood by
both your business and the off-service
provider.

Problem 9: Shared resources and virtual

machines
Virtual machines are used by almost all web
applications today for scalability,
management, and system recovery. These
virtual systems are set up with hundreds of
VMs on a single physical server, which can
occasionally cause issues where one sluggish
system affects all the others. After all, conflict
is inevitable. System monitoring is important
so you can respond quickly if one VM is
causing issues.

Problem 10: The domino effect

Last but not least, be aware that a failure in
one place could have an unanticipated impact
on other places. It becomes challenging to
understand what is truly happening when
issues build atop one another. Your staff must
be taught to identify the underlying causes of
issues and to go back through difficulties to
identify the true offender. Consider even
emulating Netflix's Chaos Monkey tactic,
which involves injecting unusual problems into
the network to test its capacity for resilience
and recovery.
Address performance issues proactively

It is clear why we must evaluate load

performance at higher user levels in
advance now that you have an overview of
the most typical performance issues. For
advice on how to get started, look at the
Practical introduction to performance
testing article. Utilize simulated user
scripts that navigate and carry out
transactions to better understand the site's
shortcomings.

HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY

The capability of web-based applications used to
be highly constrained. However, the potential
reach of web-based solutions has significantly
expanded because to improvements in technology,
security, and internet speeds. Today, we have
web-based CRM systems, Microsoft Office,
corporate accounting systems, and more. When
compared to native, client-based software, web-
based apps provide a number of important
advantages. What is a Web-Based System? Here
are just a few advantages of web-based apps for
business. An application that can be accessed
through HTTP is known as a web-based system.
Applications that run on a web browser are
typically referred to as web-based. However, it can
also be used to describe programs that only load a
very little portion of the solution on the client's
computer. Lower Development CostsA web-based
application runs in a web browser. The host server
for a web-based system could be a local server or
it could be accessed via the internet. As a result, a
single responsive web application can be used with
various types of devices. There is no need to test
web applications on various operating systems,
even though they must be tested on various
browsers. Development and testing are greatly
facilitated by this. Easy Installation and
MaintenanceUnlike traditional software that is
loaded on each device, web apps run from a host
server, cutting development expenses and
shortening the development process. The local
machines are not installed. All software updates
are carried out centrally. As a result, installing and
upgrading software is less expensive. Users can
access a web-based system from any location,
guaranteeing that everyone is using the same
version of the software. Providing they have a web
browser, an internet connection, and the proper
login information. Users may now access the data
they require even if they are not in the office,
thanks to this. Easy Data Sharing and Collaboration
Web-based technologies make it much simpler to
share data and collaborate on projects, which
opens the door to staff members working
remotely. Users can share data and collaborate on
projects since data is kept in a single, central
location. Web-based systems are also simpler to
integrate than standalone desktop applications.
Centralized SecuritySecurity is managed by an IT
expert because web apps are installed on web
servers. This prevents the storage of important
company data on numerous local client PCs, which
are less secure.Through a web application,
employees can access data when they are not in
the office. Reduced Hardware CostsWeb-based
systems can do away with the requirement for
strong client PCs, making it unnecessary for data to
be stored elsewhere other than the safe, central
place. The host server handles the processing. The
host server can be designed to handle
simultaneous, peak demand effectively. Thus, the
requirements for client PCs' storage, processor,
and memory can be decreased. For some
businesses, this can result in significant cost
savings when applied across the entire
organization. Enhanced EfficiencyIn the majority of
businesses, the adoption of web-based solutions
results in the streamlining of business processes.
Workflow-based solutions can frequently take the
role of paper-based operations. An increase in
employee productivity and a decrease in costs can
result from business process improvements.
Adaptable to Changing Workloads The installation
of web-based applications does not require the
client's PC to be loaded with any software. Setting
up a new user and the necessary safe access
controls is all that is required. For seasonal
enterprises or those that are developing, this may
be extremely advantageous. Greater Information
Availability Web-based systems make it simpler to
provide access to real-time information. Users can
be added or removed very quickly. Online reports
and digital dashboards can take the role of paper
reports, which could take days to create and
deliver. This can enhance decision-making across
the board for a business, both in terms of quality
and speed. Custom web-based software
development can boost productivity and
significantly reduce costs for enterprises.
Applications that previously had to be client-based
can now be deployed on the web because internet
access is almost universally available and internet
speeds have significantly increased. While this is
the case in developed Western nations, it is not
the case globally. Internet connectivity is spotty in
several nations. Therefore, widespread adoption
of web-based applications might still be
impossible. Web-based solutions may not yet be
fully utilized by international organizations with
overseas offices. For domestic organizations,
however, web-based systems have a bright future.
The cornerstone of many future software solutions
is likely to be web-based, from web-based office
programs, such content management systems and
productivity tools, to specialized web-based
software designed expressly for your firm.

SCOPE
Comparing web-based apps versus desktop
programs, there are numerous business benefits.
These programs can be accessed online from any
computer, eliminating the need to physically
install them on any device you wish to use them
from.

LIMITATION
Less Integration with Device Functions – Access to
native mobile device functions like the camera and
location services is more limited in web apps. Web
apps are not native to any one operating system,
hence they occasionally are unable to access
functionality tailored to that OS.
DELIMITATION
Reduced Speed - It's probable that an online
program will run a little more slowly than one that
is hosted locally. Support for different browsers -
Regrettably, not everyone uses the same browser.
This implies that when your app is being
developed, you must make sure that it is
supported by a wide range of browsers.