UNIVERSITY OF HARGEISA

COLLEGE OF COMPUTING & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

ONLINE STUDENT ATTENDANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

SUBMITTED TO THE COLLEGE OF COMPUTING AND IT IN PARTIAL

FULFILLMENT OF
THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE

SUBMITTED BY:

Mahamed Abdirashid Mahamoud ID 1817983

Asli Mahamoud Abdilahi ID 1818544
Sumaya Mahamed Daahir ID 1818634
Abdillahi Abdi Jama ID 1818642

August, 2022

I
 DECLARATION

We, hereby declare that the matter printed in the thesis titled Online Student
Attendance Management System is our own work and has not been printed,
published and submitted as research work, thesis or publication in any form in any
University, Research Institution etc.

Mahamed Abdirashid Mahamoud (1817983) Signature __________________

Asli Mahamoud Abdilahi (1818544) Signature __________________

Sumaya Mahamed Daahir (1818634) Signature __________________

Abdillahi Abdi Jama (1818642) Signature __________________

Dated: ____________

II
 RESEARCH COMPLETION CERTIFICATE

Certified that the work contained in this thesis titled

Online Student attendance management system has been carried out and
completed under my supervision by

MAHAMED ABDIRASHID MAHAMOUD (1817983)

ASLI MAHAMOUD ABDILAHI (1818544)

SUMAYA MAHAMED DAHIR (1818634)

ABDILAHI ABDI JAMA (1818642)

Dr: MUSTAFA ISMAIL ELABE

Dr: MUBARIK MAHAMED ABDI
(Head of the Department)
(Project Supervisor)
______________________
______________________

______________________

Date

III
 Acknowledgement
First of all, Thanks to Allah Subhanah Wata’alah for his guidance and support. We would like to
express our deep gratitude to our supervisor, Mr. Mubarak Mohamed Abdi for his fruitful
guidance, valuable suggestions, advice and motivation towards this work. We are also very
grateful and would like to extend our sincere thanks to the principal and staff members of the
department of IT. Finally, many thanks to friends, who have helped and given us suggestions,
support and corrections throughout the project

Thanks for all!

IV
 ABSTRACT
Over the years the manual attendance system has been carried across most of
educational institutions. To overcome the problem of manual attendance, now we
are using a web based attendance management system, which can be implemented
on any computer. This system is being developed to maintain easy access of
information from the database. The application makes use of Wordpress Framework
. It tracks all the details of a student attendance from day one to end of the course.
The conventional method of taking attendance by calling names or signing is very
time consuming, insecure and hence inefficient.

V
 Contents
CHAPTER 1 ............................................................................................................ 1

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 1
1.0 Introduction and Project description .............................................................................................. 1
1.1 Problem Statement ......................................................................................................................... 2
1.2 Objective ........................................................................................................................................ 3
1.3 Scope And Tools............................................................................................................................ 4
1.4 Methodology .................................................................................................................................. 5
1.5 Expected Outcome ......................................................................................................................... 5
1.6 Schedule ......................................................................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER 2 ............................................................................................................ 7

LITERATURE REVIEW ....................................................................................... 7

2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Attendance Management System Process ..................................................................................... 7
2.3 Comparison of Similar System ...................................................................................................... 7
2.4 Proposed Solution .......................................................................................................................... 8
2.5 Advantages of proposed solution................................................................................................... 8
2.6 Review Of Related Works ............................................................................................................. 9
2.7 Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 10
CHAPTER 3 .......................................................................................................... 11

SYSTEM ANALYSIS ........................................................................................... 11

3.0 Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 11
3.1 Description Of The Current System ............................................................................................ 11
3.2 Software Development Life Cycle Model ................................................................................... 11
3.3.1 Requirement Engineering ........................................................................................... 12
3.4.1 Description Of The Proposed System ........................................................................ 14
3.4.2 Advantages of Proposed System ................................................................................ 14
3.5.1 Data flow diagram (DFD)........................................................................................... 14
3.5.2 Context Diagram......................................................................................................... 15
3.5.3 Level Zero Diagrams .................................................................................................. 16

VI
 3.5.4 Level One Diagram .................................................................................................... 17
3.5.5 USE CASE ................................................................................................................. 18
3.5.6 Activity Diagrams....................................................................................................... 18
3.5.7 Sequence Diagrams .................................................................................................... 19
CHAPTER 4 .......................................................................................................... 20

SYSTEM DESIGN ................................................................................................ 20

4.0.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 20
4.1 Architectural Design .................................................................................................................... 20
4.3 user interface Design ................................................................................................................... 20
4.3.1 Available Features: ..................................................................................................... 20
4.3.2 Login form .................................................................................................................. 21
4.3.3 Dashboard ................................................................................................................... 21
4.3.4 Create Class ................................................................................................................ 22
4.3.5 Create Class Teachers ................................................................................................. 23
4.3.6 Create Students ........................................................................................................... 24
4.3.7 Class Teacher Dashboard ........................................................................................... 25
4.4 Take Attendance (Today's Date : 08-02-2022)............................................................................ 25
4.5 Database Design .......................................................................................................................... 26
4.5.1 Attendance .................................................................................................................. 26
4.6 Membership_Userpermissions .................................................................................................... 26
CHAPTER 5 .......................................................................................................... 28

IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING .............................................................. 28

5.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 28
5.2 Implementation ............................................................................................................................ 28
5.3 Implementation Choices .............................................................................................................. 28
5.4 System Testing............................................................................................................................. 32
5.5 Table 4.1 Unit Testing ................................................................................................................. 33
5.6 Sample Code ................................................................................................................................ 35

VII
CHAPTER 6 .......................................................................................................... 43

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ........................... 43

6.1 Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 43
6.2 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 43
6.3 Recommendation ......................................................................................................................... 43
6.4 References: .................................................................................................................................. 44

VIII
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
1.0 Introduction and Project description
Attendance is a basic and most important criteria needed in all the education system. Attendance
is used as a record to assess student consistency in participate the class. Therefore, student is
required to attend all teaching activities held by the institutions. Once attendance is below the
required policy, the student will be subjected to further action or suspended from taking the final
exam depend on the respective institutions they are in. This impractical method will lead to fraud
on number of absentees by students. Beside, this method also easily allow for impersonation as
some student may purposely sign on another student’s name. Besides, lecturer needs to analyze
manually every attendance sheet to identify the number of absentees for both lecture and lab
classes correspond to subject. Then, lecturer needs to count and calculate percentage of present of
all the students manually to identify when warning letter need to be given to the student depend
on his or her number of absents without providing any medical certificate or notice. As a result, it
is time consuming, increase number of works of the lecturer and prone to human error as it is
difficult to ascertain whether the calculation made was correct. Moreover, student needs to spend
unnecessarily time during class session to sign on the attendance sheet. This also disturbing and
student may lose focus when the attendance sheet is passing around during the class session.
Therefore, Student Attendance Management System is proposed to help or reduce lecturer’s work.
This system facilitates to access or manage the attendance information of all the classes. Student
by default is assumed to be present as number of present will be higher than the absentees for most
of the attendance report. After that, lecturer is allowing to change or modify absentee’s attendance
data. The system will automatically count the number of absents and the percentage of present for
all the students based on the subject classes. Once the number of absents exceed the attendance
policy, appropriate warning letter will be generated automatically to be given to the absentee.
Hence, this system provides a tedious work in maintaining attendance records besides saving time
to analyze every attendance list and assuring the calculation made was error-free.

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1.1 Problem Statement
Based on the observation, there is no available student attendance system in University Of
Hargeisa (UOH). UOH is still practicing the manual way of taking daily attendance. Lecturer
distributes attendance sheet to be sign by student during class session or personally marked the
attendance sheet one by one by calling out student name accordingly. However, the attendance
sheet can be lost easily and the whole attendance process is tending to human mistake.
Consequently, data loss may happen and the data in attendance list might be inaccurate due to
deception. Besides, lecturer needs to manually analyze number of absences and calculate the
number of present from the attendance list collected or recorded. Lecturer needs to identify number
of absentees based on each subject with the respective classes that he or she taught. At the end of
the semester, lecturer required to calculate the percentage of present of each student to make sure
the student can take their final exam for the respective subject. Therefore, it is time consuming and
the result of calculation might go wrong when lecturer missed out some of the data in the
attendance record. In addition, lecturer needs to manually write all the details about the attendance
data to the appropriate documents when needed.

Warning letter will be distributed to the student when the student total number of absences is 3 or
6 time from the total class session according to UOH’s student attendance policy. On the other
hand, attendance report also needs to be filled in by all the lecturers at the end of the semester
based on each subject taught. This is to determine whether all the students met the university
attendance policy before student is allow to take the final exam. However, all the attendance data
need to be analyzed manually first before warning letter and attendance report document can be
filled in. All this work has indirectly increased lecturers' work.

This system developed will reduce the manual work and avoid redundant data. By maintaining the
attendance manually, then efficient reports cannot be generated. The system can generate efficient
weekly, consolidate report based on the attendance. As the attendances are maintained in registers
it has been a tough task

for admin and staff to maintain for long time. Instead the software can keep long and retrieve the
information when needed.

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1.2 Objective
The objectives of developing Student Attendance Management System are identified based on the
review of the problem statements. The purposes are listed as below:

i. To store, access and manage student attendance data for every lecture and lab classes.
➢ All the student attendance data will be stored and managed through Student
Attendance Management System.
➢ This system enables lecturer to add, view, make changes or delete on subjects,
classes, students and attendance accordingly. Moreover, saving attendance records
into the system will be more secured as compared to paper-based records.
ii. To automatically calculate number of absences and the percentage of
present of the students based on subjects with respective lecture and lab
classes.
➢ Student Attendance Management System enhances calculation process to be more
accurate and faster. This system by default will do the analysis, which are counting the
number of absences and calculate the percentage of present of all the students based on
the input data. Hence, the calculated value can be ascertained and trusted as the
calculation process is developed to run automatically within the system.
iii. To generate warning letter, attendance report and attendance list
automatically and accurately along with the required details and in correct
format.
iv. Student Attendance Management System will helps to analyze all the attendance data
inserted and then verified either each of the students is following the university attendance
policy. If the attendance policy is being violated, the system will automatically generate
warning letter, The attendance report will be generated based on the overall attendance of
the student for the particular subject. On the other hand, attendance list can be printed out
easily when required as the data is ready to be obtained from the system with the format
based on the manual attendance sheet. Therefore, attendance report, attendance list and
warning letter will be filled, displayed and printed based on the analysis made from the
inputted student attendance details with the approved format.

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1.3 Scope And Tools

SCOPE: This Software is mainly focused and only accommodates the computerized attendance
exercise due to the time and resource constraint.
Proposed system will manage the process of attendance that will be save in specific database. It
will also let the user search and calculate daily attendance monthly.
This study covers purely the formulation of the proposed system as a replacement to the present
system. The proposed system will be implemented within the limit of the existing human resource
and material such as a co-computer requirement and the existing forms of the school.

Limitation: This Software is only covers the monitoring of attendance of the student. This is not
capable of monitoring the attendance regarding their class schedule.
TOOLS:
Language: PHP
PHP version (Recommended): 5,6,7.4
Database: MySQL
Type: Web Application

4
1.4 Methodology
This methodology is used to waterfall model. waterfall model is earliest SDLC approach that was
used for software development.

1.5 Expected Outcome

Provides a fast and efficient service.
i. Reduces wastage.
ii. Easy Report printing with all the criteria combination
iii. Maintain and Generate report of individual student account on
daily/weekly/monthly/yearly basis
iv. Reduction of time lost.

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1.6 Schedule
NO Tasks Start Date End Date Resource
1 PROJECT PROPOSAL 11 APRIL 2022 15 APRIL 2022 Mahamed
Abdirashid
Mahamoud
Asli Mahamoud
Abdilahi
Sumaya Mahamed
Daahir
Abdillahi Abdi Jama
2 CHAPTER 1 15 APRIL 2022 10 MAY 2022 Sumaya Mahamed
INTRODUCTION Daahir
3 CHAPTER 2 16 MAY 2022 30 MAY 2022 Asli Mahamoud
LITERATURE REVIE Abdilahi

4 CHAPTER 3 01 JUNE 2022 22 JUNE 2022 Abdillahi Abdi Jama

SYSTEM ANALYSIS
AND DESING
5 CHAPTER 4 24 JUNE 2022 02 JULY 2022 Mahamed
SYTEM DESIGN Abdirashid
Mahamoud
6 CHAPTER 5 05 JULY 2022 10 JULY 2022 Abdillahi Abdi Jama
IMPLEMENTATION
AND TESTING
7 CHAPTER 6 11 JULY 2022 17 JULY 2022 Mahamed
SUMMARY, Abdirashid
CONCLUSION AND Mahamoud
RECOMMENDATION

6
 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
This chapter contains overview of the broad area and review of developmental technologies and
platforms used as well as the review of related works concerning the Computerized Attendance
Management System.

Nowadays many schools are using a manual monitoring system and most of the time they
accidentally loss their attendance sheet so that they cannot properly monitor the attendance of their
Teachers.

Attendance Monitoring System is a gate pass management system by inputting their user name
and password that will monitor the presence of the teachers of the school. This will lessen the work
of the school personnel in checking the identity of every teacher. It maintains the daily record of
the teachers in log in and log out from school.

2.2 Attendance Management System Process

In the present system all work is done on paper. The whole session attendance is stored in register
and at the of the session the reports are generated. We are not interested in generating report in the
middle of the session or as per the requirement because it takes more time in calculation. At the
end of session, the students who don’t have 75% attendance get a notice.

2.3 Comparison of Similar System

We are similar to the three theories that the computerized systems are better than the manual
systems. The computerized systems provided the company or the university to get access to contact
with his customers, teachers and the community. The computerized systems also increasing the
customer satisfactions and reducing delay time or other costs. In addition, our project proposal has
a lot of benefits:
• Time Savings

As the old saying goes, “time is money”. The amount of time that can be saved by a
business/university is, perhaps, the biggest benefit of using a computerized attendance system.

7
 • Accuracy
An additional benefit of using a computerized attendance system is the accuracy it ensures.
Eighteenth century English poet Alexander Pope is often quoted as having said, “To error
is human.”

2.4 Proposed Solution

As we know the manual system has more corruptions and challenges to declare increasing and
the decreasing as well as the income and outcome, so we prepared the solutions of the above
problems or that challenges.
To overcome the drawbacks of the existing system, the proposed system has been evolved. This
project aims to reduce the paper work and saving time to generate accurate results from the
student’s attendance. The system provides with the best user interface. The efficient reports can
be generated by using this proposed system.

Some of the solutions of the above problems are:

i. there will time management.
ii. Highly secure or data security.
iii. Searching records will be easy by clicking the searching button.
iv. Easy to prepare daily reports.
v. Provides correctness, reliability and efficiency against human errors.
vi. Backup and recovery.
vii. Data privacy.
viii. Sharing data.

2.5 Advantages of proposed solution

i. Effective Way of Communication
ii. Better Way to Store Data
iii. Work Quality
iv. Easy Accessibility

8
2.6 Review Of Related Works

❖ Web Based Student Information Management S.R.Bharamagoudar et al., this paper assist
in automating the existing manual system. It can be monitored and controlled remotely. This
paper provides accurate information always. All years together gathered information can be
saved and can be accessed at any time. The purpose is to design a college website which
contains upto date information of the college. That should improve efficiency of college
record management.
❖ Online Student Attendance System P. N. Garad et al, in this project, we gave access to
three users i.e. Admin, Student, Others. This project is based on client-server. Here, the serve
is Tomcat and client is JSP. In this project teachers or the admin will be filling attendance
and sending message to the student who is absent. They will have privilege to fill attendance
form, update attendance form, send message to the guardian’s account whose child is absent,
also those attendance is less than 75%, and they also have privilege to send message to the
students whose fees are pending. he staff can also view the message whenever they want and
also can modify the details of students. Parents have privilege to view attendance and to view
message sent by the teacher. Students also have their account with the privilege to view
message sent by the subject teacher and to view the attendance.
❖ Web Based Coaching Institute Management System Mayuri Kamble et al, “Coaching
Institute Management System” software developed for an institute has been designed to
achieve maximum efficiency and reduce the time taken to handle the storing activity. It is
designed to replace an existing manual record system thereby reducing time taken for
calculations and for storing data. The system is strong enough to withstand regressive daily
operations under conditions where the database is maintained and cleared over a certain time
of span. The implementation of the system in the organization will considerably reduce data
entry, time and also provide readily calculated reports.

Classroom Attendance Application Pranjul Khare1 et al, the scope of the project is the system on
which the software is installed, i.e. the project is developed as an ANDROID application, and it
will work for a particular institute. Android is a mobile operating system (OS) based on the Linux
kernel and currently developed by Google with a user interface based on direct manipulation. RAD
approaches to software development have put less emphasis on planning tasks and more emphasis

9
on development. It has revealed that an online system for recording and reporting students
’attendances is indeed a needed application in order to make the process more efficient and time-
saving where more than 70% of the sample group agreed to that matter.

2.7 Summary
In this paper we have analyzed four (4) papers based student attendance system. Based on the
studied literature, we have found that there is still scope of improvement in the said system. In
terms of performance and efficiency, this project has provided a convenient method of attendance
marking compared to the traditional method of attendance system. By using databases, the data is
more organized. This system is also a user friendly system as data manipulation and retrieval can
be done via the interface, making it a universal attendance system. Thus, it can be implemented in
either an academic institution or in organizations.

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 CHAPTER 3

SYSTEM ANALYSIS
3.0 Introduction
Analysis can be defined as breaking up of any whole so as to find out their nature, function etc. It
defines design as to make preliminary sketches of; to sketch a pattern or outline for plan. To plan
and carry out especially by artistic arrangement or in a skillful wall. System analysis and design
can be characterized as a set of techniques and processes, a community of interests, a culture and
an intellectual orientation.

This chapter will provide the detail analysis of the current manual system of attendance
management system and problem of the current system l. It also aimed to determine how the
new system will be achieved and fact-finding technique used in the development of the automated
system of attendance management system.

3.1 Description Of The Current System

The Existing system is a manual entry for the students. Here the attendance will be carried out in
the hand-written registers. It will be a tedious job to maintain the record for the user. The human
effort is more here. The retrieval of the information is not as easy as the records are maintained in
the hand-written registers. This application requires correct feed on input into the respective field.
Suppose the wrong inputs are entered, the application resist to work. so, the user finds it difficult
to use.

3.2 Software Development Life Cycle Model

The system development life cycle (SDLC) is a conceptual model used in project management that
describes the stages involved in an information development project, from the feasibility study
through maintenance of the completed software application.

For this project the Incremental Software Development Model (Figure 3.1) will be used.

11
 Concurrent
Activities
Specification Initial Version

Outline Development Intermediate

Description Versions

Validation Final Version

Figure 3.1: Incremental Software development model

3.3.1 Requirement Engineering

This is also known as Requirement Analysis; it is the process of determining user expectations for
a new or modified system. This is divided into Functional and Non-Functional Requirements.

Functional Requirements

This defines the function of a system or its component. It deals with what the system should do or
provide for users. Functional requirements for this software include:

• The Admin and the Teacher Shall be able to Login into the System using their unique
username and password.
• The Admin shall be able to add students, teachers, courses, classes, holidays, check
attendance and validate teacher’s attendance.
• The Teacher shall be check attendance, generate report of student and manage exams.
• The attendee shall provide all the necessary registration details.

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Non-Functional Requirements

Non-Functional requirements are requirements that specifies criteria that can be used to judge the
operation of a system, rather than specific behaviors or Non-functional requirements are the
requirements that specify criteria that can be used to judge the operation of a system. Or simply it
is the quality of the software. Non-Functional requirements for this software include:

I. Scalability.
The system provides different features for both admin and users.

II. Reliability
The system provides reliable recommendation to the users based on matrix factorization algorithm
to expend.

III. Technical feasibility

This is concerned with the specifying equipment and software that successfully satisfy the
requirements. The system is technically feasible as it can be developed easily with Availability.
the help of available technology. The system requires CSS, Bootstrap, Asp.net which is used as
front-end, SQL Server as back-end.

IV. Cost.
Economic analysis is the most frequently used technique for evaluating the effectiveness of the
system. The tangible benefits proposed that the manual work and burden is reduced maximum as
possible, resulting the reduction in manpower requirement and cost incurred on manpower as well.
The system provides many benefits that can’t be measured in terms of money for e.g. user
friendliness, more efficient user response, maintenance of database, etc.

V. Performance
Being a web-based system, the performance depends on the server itself, how the server responses
to the request determine the performance of the system. The system is efficient in resource
utilization like memory, CPU, storage etc.

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 VI. Usability
The system can be used by any user by registering to the site.
3.4.1 Description Of The Proposed System
To overcome the drawbacks of the existing system, the proposed system has been evolved. This
project aims to reduce the paper work and saving time to generate accurate results from the
student’s attendance. The system provides with the best user interface. The efficient reports can
be generated by using this proposed system.

3.4.2 Advantages of Proposed System

✓ It is trouble-free to use.
✓ It is a relatively fast approach to enter attendance
✓ Is highly reliable, approximate result from user
✓ Best user Interface
✓ Efficient reports

3.5.1 Data flow diagram (DFD)

A data flow diagram shows the way information flows through a process or system. It includes
data inputs and outputs, data stores, and the various sub processes the data moves through.
DFDs are built using standardized symbols and notation to describe various entities and their
relationships. A data flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data
through an information system models its process aspects. ...DFDs can also be used for the
visualization of data processing (structured design) Data Flow Diagram (DFD) provides a
visual representation of the flow of information (i.e. data) within a system.

14
 In Data flow diagram (DFD) we have used four types of symbols as describe below

1: Process

Business activity or function where manipulation and transformation of

Data takes places.

2: Data Flow

Represents the flow of information the arrows indicate the direction of

data flow beginning to end.

3: Data Store

Represent the storage of persistent data required and/or produce

by the process

4: Source (External Entity)

External entity can represent a human, system or subsystem.

Its where certain data comes from or goes to...

3.5.2 Context Diagram

The context level diagram allows people to have an outward view of the data flow without detailed
information about what is happening. More detailed information requires the next level diagram,
which is called the Level Zero Diagram. Level zero diagrams explode the context diagram to
obtained details on the attendance that were not shown in the context diagram. In Zero Diagrams,
there are more processes, as shown in Diagram 2. Verifying the arrival time and calculating the
number of times a student is present or absent are introduced. The process that was generalized
initially as a class system is exploded to give more detailed information. When any student walks

15
in class, the instructor records the arrival time, which will be processed to get the validated data
on absenteeism or punctuality.

3.5.3 Level Zero Diagrams

Major functions in tracking class attendance, as seen in the above level Zero diagram, can still be
expounded to give more specific information. Trying to add more information on the level zero
diagrams gives a new level of the diagram that is called Level One Diagram. More complex
functions are split, and more specific functions are introduced to increase the level of
understanding. To give the detailed information on CNAQ attendance report, level one is much
better as compared to context and level zero diagrams. The diagram below shows how the valid
data of students are computed to come up with the number of days attended, and the number of
days the student was absent. The computed data are processed than to give the percentages of
attended days, and the days the students were absent. The dean is provided with the developed
report by the end of the semester. The data generated will be used to either dismiss or retain a
student depending on the percentage indicated by data.

16
3.5.4 Level One Diagram
In conclusion, the data diagram helps in developing a simple graphical way of representing
complex activities that would have been very complex to comprehend. However, the data may
undergo several alterations, which may distort the meaning of the diagram. To track absenteeism
in colleges using such systems as PeopleSoft and data flow diagrams can become effortless.

17
3.5.5 USE CASE
The UML use case diagram is the behavioral diagram that summarizes activities done in a student
attendance management system and its user details. It depicts the graphical representation of the
student attendance management system’s behavioral structure.

3.5.6 Activity Diagrams

Activity Diagram for Student Attendance Management System. The activity diagram used to
describe flow of activity through a series of actions.

18
3.5.7 Sequence Diagrams
The Sequence Diagram for Attendance Management System describes the series of interactions
that occur with the objects when performing the system’s process. A sequence diagram is one of
the UML models used for presenting the workflow, sequence of messages, and interactions within
the Attendance Management System.

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 CHAPTER 4

SYSTEM DESIGN
4.0.1 Introduction
This chapter is all about whole project design, this chapter will analyse and explain project designs,
data design which includes entities and attributes. In this chapter also, analysis interface and
screens design while such as input, output and report designs. In last this chapter analysis controls
design.

4.1 Architectural Design

4.3 user interface Design

User Interface Design: is the design of user interfaces for machines and software, such as
computers, home appliances, mobile devices, and other electronic devices, with the focus on
maximizing usability and the user experience.

4.3.1 Available Features:

• Teacher’s Panel
• Admin Panel
• Manage Class, Sections
• Assign Class Teacher
• Student Management
• Attendance Management

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 • Manage Session and Terms
• View Attendance Report
• Download Attendance Report

4.3.2 Login form

Description

A Login form is used to enter authentication credentials to access a restricted page or form. The
login form contains a field for the username and another for the password. When the login form
is submitted its underlying code checks that the credentials are authentic, giving the user can access
the restricted page. If a user is not able to provide authentic credentials they will not be able to
proceed past the login form.

4.3.3 Dashboard
The definition of dashboard
A dashboard is a visual display of all of your data. While it can be used in all kinds of different
ways, its primary intention is to provide information at-a-glance, such as KPIs. A dashboard
usually sits on its own page and receives information from a linked database.

21
4.3.4 Create Class

▪ The page where the admin or teacher manages the list of classes.

22
4.3.5 Create Class Teachers
The definition of dashboard
A dashboard is a visual display of all of your data. While it can be used in all kinds of different
ways, its primary intention is to provide information at-a-glance, such as KPIs. A dashboard
usually sits on its own page and receives information from a linked database.

23
4.3.6 Create Students

▪ The page where the create students are listed and managed.

24
4.3.7 Class Teacher Dashboard

4.4 Take Attendance (Today's Date : 08-02-2022)

25
4.5 Database Design
Database design is the organization of data according to a database model. The designer
determines what data must be stored and how the data elements interrelate. With this information,
they can begin to fit the data to the database model. Database management system manages the
data accordingly.

4.5.1 Attendance
Column Type Null Default Links to Description MIME

student varchar(40) Yes NULL

regno varchar(40) Yes NULL Stores registration number

week varchar(40) Yes NULL

date date Yes NULL

unit int(10) Yes NULL

attended varchar(40) Yes NULL

id (Primary) int(10) No

4.6 Membership_Userpermissions
Column Type Null Default Links to Comments MIME

permissionID (Primary) int(10) No

memberID varchar(20) No

tableName varchar(100) Yes NULL

allowInsert tinyint(4) Yes NULL

26
allowView tinyint(4) No 0

allowEdit tinyint(4) No 0

allowDelete tinyint(4) No 0

pass_reset_expiry int(10) Yes NULL

27
 CHAPTER 5

IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING

5.1 Introduction
This chapter describes and shows how this standalone system is implemented, developed and
tested, using the appropriate necessary programming languages, tools and technology.

5.2 Implementation
System or Software Implementation is the conversion of the System Requirements into an
executable and working system.

5.3 Implementation Choices

The Online Attendance Management System works as Web application system. It was
implemented using WordPress which include HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, and MySQL was
used for the database and the Integrated Development Environment (IDE) used was Sublime Text
3.0. XAMPP was used as the offline local server.

WordPress: is a free and open-source content management system (CMS) based

on PHP & MySQL. Features include a plugin architecture and a template system. It is most
associated with blogging but supports other types of web content including more
traditional mailing lists and forums, media galleries, and online stores. Used by more than 60

28
million websites, including 33.6% of the top 10 million websites as of April 2019, WordPress is
the most popular website management system in use. WordPress has also been used for other
application domains such as pervasive display systems (PDS).

WordPress was released on May 27, 2003, by its founders, Matt Mullenweg and Mike Little, as
a fork of b2/cafelog. The software is released under the GPLv2 (or later) license.

To function, WordPress has to be installed on a web server, either part of an Internet hosting
service like WordPress.com or a computer running the software package WordPress.org in order
to serve as a network host in its own right. A local computer may be used for single-user testing
and learning purposes.

Hyper Text Mark-up Language (HTML): is the standard markup language for creating web
pages and web applications. With Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and JavaScript, it forms a triad
of cornerstone technologies for the World Wide Web.

Web browsers receive HTML documents from a web server or from local storage and render the
documents into multimedia web pages. HTML describes the structure of a web
page semantically and originally included cues for the appearance of the document.

HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages. With HTML constructs, images and
other objects such as interactive forms may be embedded into the rendered page. HTML provides
a means to create structured documents by denoting structural semantics for text such as headings,
paragraphs, lists, links, quotes and other items. HTML elements are delineated by tags, written
using angle brackets. Tags such as <img /> and <input /> directly introduce content into the

page. Other tags such as <p> surround and provide information about document text and may

include other tags as sub-elements. Browsers do not display the HTML tags, but use them to
interpret the content of the page.

HTML can embed programs written in a scripting language such as JavaScript, which affects the
behavior and content of web pages. Inclusion of CSS defines the look and layout of content.
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), maintainer of both the HTML and the CSS standards,
has encouraged the use of CSS over explicit presentational HTML since 1997

29
Cascading Style Sheet (CSS): is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a
document written in a markup language like HTML. CSS is a cornerstone technology of the World
Wide Web, alongside HTML and JavaScript.

CSS is designed to enable the separation of presentation and content, including layout, colors,
and fonts. This separation can improve content accessibility, provide more flexibility and control
in the specification of presentation characteristics, enable multiple web pages to share formatting
by specifying the relevant CSS in a separate .css file, and reduce complexity and repetition in the
structural content.

Separation of formatting and content also makes it feasible to present the same markup page in
different styles for different rendering methods, such as on-screen, in print, by voice (via speech-
based browser or screen reader), and on Braille-based tactile devices. CSS also has rules for
alternate formatting if the content is accessed on a mobile device.

The name cascading comes from the specified priority scheme to determine which style rule
applies if more than one rule matches a particular element. This cascading priority scheme is
predictable.

The CSS specifications are maintained by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). Internet
media type (MIME type) text/css is registered for use with CSS by RFC 2318 (March 1998). The

W3C operates a free CSS validation service for CSS documents.

In addition to HTML, other markup languages support the use of CSS including XHTML, plain
XML, SVG, and XUL.

JavaScript: often abbreviated as JS, is a high-level, interpreted programming language that

conforms to the ECMA Script specification. JavaScript has curly-bracket syntax, dynamic
typing, prototype-based object-orientation, and first-class functions.

Alongside HTML and CSS, JavaScript is one of the core technologies of the World Wide
Web. JavaScript enables interactive web pages and is an essential part of web applications. The
vast majority of websites use it, and major web browsers have a dedicated JavaScript engine to
execute it.

30
As a multi-paradigm language, JavaScript supports event-driven, functional,
and imperative (including object-oriented and prototype-based) programming styles. It
has APIs for working with text, arrays, dates, regular expressions, and the DOM, but the language
itself does not include any I/O, such as networking, storage, or graphics facilities. It relies upon
the host environment in which it is embedded to provide these features.

Initially only implemented client-side in web browsers, JavaScript engines are now embedded in
many other types of host software, including server-side in web servers and databases, and in non-
web programs such as word processors and PDF software, and in runtime environments that make
JavaScript available for writing mobile and desktop applications, including desktop widgets.

The terms Vanilla JavaScript and Vanilla JS refer to JavaScript not extended by any frameworks
or additional libraries. Scripts written in Vanilla JS are plain JavaScript code.

Although there are similarities between JavaScript and Java, including language name, syntax, and
respective standard libraries, the two languages are distinct and differ greatly in design. JavaScript
was influenced by programming languages such as Self and Scheme.

PHP: is a general-purpose programming language originally designed for web development. It

was originally created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994; the PHP reference implementation is now
produced by The PHP Group. PHP originally stood for Personal Home Page, but it now stands for
the recursive initialism PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor.

PHP code may be executed with a command line interface (CLI), embedded into HTML code, or
it can be used in combination with various web template systems, web content management
systems, and web frameworks. PHP code is usually processed by a PHP interpreter implemented
as a module in a web server or as a Common Gateway Interface (CGI) executable. The web server
combines the results of the interpreted and executed PHP code, which may be any type of data,
including images, with the generated web page. PHP can be used for many programming tasks
outside of the web context, such as standalone graphical applications and robotic drone control.

The standard PHP interpreter, powered by the Zend Engine, is free software released under
the PHP License. PHP has been widely ported and can be deployed on most web servers on almost
every operating system and platform, free of charge.

31
The PHP language evolved without a written formal specification or standard until 2014, with the
original implementation acting as the de facto standard which other implementations aimed to
follow. Since 2014, work has gone on to create a formal PHP specification.

MySQL: MySQL is an Oracle-backed open source relational database management system

(RDBMS) based on Structured Query Language (SQL). MySQL runs on virtually all platforms,
including Linux, UNIX and Windows. Although it can be used in a wide range of applications,
MySQL is most often associated with web applications and online publishing.

XAMPP: XAMPP is a software distribution which provides the Apache web server, MySQL
database (actually MariaDB), Php and Perl (as command-line executables and Apache modules)
all in one package. It is available for Windows, MAC and Linux systems. No configuration is
necessary to integrate Php with MySQL. It is a great fit for this course and provides a relatively

painless installation and way to manage the configuration changes. Also provided is PhpMyAdmin
which gives a GUI tool for managing your MySQL databases.

5.4 System Testing

System testing is to check each step of the program to make sure that the designed software is
working properly. The system was tested by inserting the admin username and password, then
registering some people where the system excellently saved their information in the database, and
it was saved successfully. Then a check attendance of student to confirm the process.

Unit Testing
The software interface and program unit functionalities of the system are tested to check how each
is working (Table 4.1).

32
5.5 Table 4.1 Unit Testing
Test Cases Explanation Result

LOGIN To check if only admin and pass

teacher and student will be
able to login after filling in
the correct details in the
available fields. Check if it
was successful
PREVIEW To check if the admin and Pass
doctor will be able to visit
their respective dashboard

CHECK ATTENDANCE To check if the admin and Pass

teacher will be able to
check the attendance
system. Check if it was
successful
ADD MEMBERS To check if the admin can Pass
add students of different
classes and teachers of
different classes. Check if
it was successful
CHECK EVENT To check if the admin, Pass
teacher or student can
check event. If it was
successful

Integration Testing

Integration testing is the next phase in system testing. The links interactions between MySQL or
one activity and another were tested and everything was working well (Table 4.2).

33
Table Integration Testing

Test
Test Case Expected
Case Test Case Objectives Input Results
Description Output
ID
1. To check the interface Click on the Button To be directed Pass
link between the login LOGIN clicked. to the home
page and the home button. page.
page. Button not Remains Pass
clicked. unchanged.
2. To check the interface Click on the Button To be directed Pass
link between the home Dashboard clicked. to the
page and the button. Dashboard.
Dashboard page. Button not Remains Pass
clicked unchanged.
3. To check the interface Click on Button To be directed Pass
link between the Attendance clicked. to the
Dashboard page and button. Attendance
Attendance page page.
Button not Remains Pass
clicked. unchanged.
4. Check the interface Click on Button To be directed Pass
link between the View/Add clicked. to View/Add
Attendance page and button. Attendance
View/Add window.
Attendance. Button not Remains Pass
clicked. unchanged

34
5.6 Sample Code
createStudents
<?php
error_reporting(0);
include '../Includes/dbcon.php';
include '../Includes/session.php';

if(isset($_POST['save'])){
$firstName=$_POST['firstName'];
$lastName=$_POST['lastName'];
$otherName=$_POST['otherName'];
$admissionNumber=$_POST['admissionNumber'];
$classId=$_POST['classId'];
$classArmId=$_POST['classArmId'];
$dateCreated = date("Y-m-d");
$query=mysqli_query($conn,"select * from tblstudents where admissionNumber ='$admissionNumber'");
$ret=mysqli_fetch_array($query);

if($ret > 0){

$statusMsg = "<div class='alert alert-danger' style='margin-right:700px;'>This Email Address Already

Exists!</div>";
}
else{

$query=mysqli_query($conn,"insert into
tblstudents(firstName,lastName,otherName,admissionNumber,password,classId,classArmId,dateCreated)
value('$firstName','$lastName','$otherName','$admissionNumber','12345','$classId','$classArmId','$dateCrea
ted')");

if ($query) {

$statusMsg = "<div class='alert alert-success' style='margin-right:700px;'>Created Successfully!</div>";

}
else
{
$statusMsg = "<div class='alert alert-danger' style='margin-right:700px;'>An error Occurred!</div>";
}
}
}

35
if (isset($_GET['Id']) && isset($_GET['action']) && $_GET['action'] == "edit")
{
$Id= $_GET['Id'];

$query=mysqli_query($conn,"select * from tblstudents where Id ='$Id'");

$row=mysqli_fetch_array($query);

if(isset($_POST['update'])){

$firstName=$_POST['firstName'];
$lastName=$_POST['lastName'];
$otherName=$_POST['otherName'];

$admissionNumber=$_POST['admissionNumber'];
$classId=$_POST['classId'];
$classArmId=$_POST['classArmId'];
$dateCreated = date("Y-m-d");

$query=mysqli_query($conn,"update tblstudents set firstName='$firstName', lastName='$lastName',

otherName='$otherName', admissionNumber='$admissionNumber',password='12345',
classId='$classId',classArmId='$classArmId'
where Id='$Id'");
if ($query) {

echo "<script type = \"text/javascript\">

window.location = (\"createStudents.php\")
</script>";
}
else
{
$statusMsg = "<div class='alert alert-danger' style='margin-right:700px;'>An error
Occurred!</div>";
}
}
}

if (isset($_GET['Id']) && isset($_GET['action']) && $_GET['action'] == "delete")

{
$Id= $_GET['Id'];
$classArmId= $_GET['classArmId'];

36
 $query = mysqli_query($conn,"DELETE FROM tblstudents WHERE Id='$Id'");

if ($query == TRUE) {

echo "<script type = \"text/javascript\">

window.location = (\"createStudents.php\")
</script>";
}
else{

$statusMsg = "<div class='alert alert-danger' style='margin-right:700px;'>An error Occurred!</div>";

}
}
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<link href="img/logo/attnlg.jpg" rel="icon">
<?php include 'includes/title.php';?>
<link href="../vendor/fontawesome-free/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="../vendor/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="css/ruang-admin.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

<script>
function classArmDropdown(str) {
if (str == "") {
document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML = "";
return;
} else {
if (window.XMLHttpRequest) {
xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
} else {
xmlhttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
}
xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {

37
 document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML = this.responseText;
}
};
xmlhttp.open("GET","ajaxClassArms2.php?cid="+str,true);
xmlhttp.send();
}
}
</script>
</head>

<body id="page-top">
<div id="wrapper">
<!-- Sidebar -->
<?php include "Includes/sidebar.php";?>
<!-- Sidebar -->
<div id="content-wrapper" class="d-flex flex-column">
<div id="content">
<!-- TopBar -->
<?php include "Includes/topbar.php";?>
<!-- Topbar -->

<!-- Container Fluid-->

<div class="container-fluid" id="container-wrapper">
<div class="d-sm-flex align-items-center justify-content-between mb-4">
<h1 class="h3 mb-0 text-gray-800">Create Students</h1>
<ol class="breadcrumb">
<li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="./">Home</a></li>
<li class="breadcrumb-item active" aria-current="page">Create Students</li>
</ol>
</div>

<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-12">
<!-- Form Basic -->
<div class="card mb-4">
<div class="card-header py-3 d-flex flex-row align-items-center justify-content-between">
<h6 class="m-0 font-weight-bold text-primary">Create Students</h6>
<?php echo $statusMsg; ?>
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<form method="post">
<div class="form-group row mb-3">
<div class="col-xl-6">
<label class="form-control-label">Firstname<span class="text-danger ml-2">*</span></label>

38
 <input type="text" class="form-control" name="firstName" value="<?php echo
$row['firstName'];?>" id="exampleInputFirstName" >
</div>
<div class="col-xl-6">
<label class="form-control-label">Lastname<span class="text-danger ml-2">*</span></label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="lastName" value="<?php echo
$row['lastName'];?>" id="exampleInputFirstName" >
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row mb-3">
<div class="col-xl-6">
<label class="form-control-label">Other Name<span class="text-danger ml-
2">*</span></label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="otherName" value="<?php echo
$row['otherName'];?>" id="exampleInputFirstName" >
</div>
<div class="col-xl-6">
<label class="form-control-label">Admission Number<span class="text-danger ml-
2">*</span></label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" required name="admissionNumber" value="<?php echo
$row['admissionNumber'];?>" id="exampleInputFirstName" >
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row mb-3">
<div class="col-xl-6">
<label class="form-control-label">Select Class<span class="text-danger ml-
2">*</span></label>
<?php
$qry= "SELECT * FROM tblclass ORDER BY className ASC";
$result = $conn->query($qry);
$num = $result->num_rows;
if ($num > 0){
echo ' <select required name="classId" onchange="classArmDropdown(this.value)"
class="form-control mb-3">';
echo'<option value="">--Select Class--</option>';
while ($rows = $result->fetch_assoc()){
echo'<option value="'.$rows['Id'].'" >'.$rows['className'].'</option>';
}
echo '</select>';
}
?>
</div>
<div class="col-xl-6">
<label class="form-control-label">Class Arm<span class="text-danger ml-
2">*</span></label>

39
 <?php
echo"<div id='txtHint'></div>";
?>
</div>
</div>
<?php
if (isset($Id))
{
?>
<button type="submit" name="update" class="btn btn-warning">Update</button>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<?php
} else {
?>
<button type="submit" name="save" class="btn btn-primary">Save</button>
<?php
}
?>
</form>
</div>
</div>

<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-12">
<div class="card mb-4">
<div class="card-header py-3 d-flex flex-row align-items-center justify-content-between">
<h6 class="m-0 font-weight-bold text-primary">All Student</h6>
</div>
<div class="table-responsive p-3">
<table class="table align-items-center table-flush table-hover" id="dataTableHover">
<thead class="thead-light">
<tr>
<th>#</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Other Name</th>
<th>Admission No</th>
<th>Class</th>
<th>Class Arm</th>
<th>Date Created</th>
<th>Edit</th>
<th>Delete</th>
</tr>
</thead>

40
 <tbody>

<?php
$query = "SELECT
tblstudents.Id,tblclass.className,tblclassarms.classArmName,tblclassarms.Id AS
classArmId,tblstudents.firstName,
tblstudents.lastName,tblstudents.otherName,tblstudents.admissionNumber,tblstudents.dateCreate
d
FROM tblstudents
INNER JOIN tblclass ON tblclass.Id = tblstudents.classId
INNER JOIN tblclassarms ON tblclassarms.Id = tblstudents.classArmId";
$rs = $conn->query($query);
$num = $rs->num_rows;
$sn=0;
$status="";
if($num > 0)
{
while ($rows = $rs->fetch_assoc())
{
$sn = $sn + 1;
echo"
<tr>
<td>".$sn."</td>
<td>".$rows['firstName']."</td>
<td>".$rows['lastName']."</td>
<td>".$rows['otherName']."</td>
<td>".$rows['admissionNumber']."</td>
<td>".$rows['className']."</td>
<td>".$rows['classArmName']."</td>
<td>".$rows['dateCreated']."</td>
<td><a href='?action=edit&Id=".$rows['Id']."'><i class='fas fa-fw fa-edit'></i></a></td>
<td><a href='?action=delete&Id=".$rows['Id']."'><i class='fas fa-fw fa-
trash'></i></a></td>
</tr>";
}
}
else
{
echo
"<div class='alert alert-danger' role='alert'>
No Record Found!
</div>";
}

?>

41
 </tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

</div>
<!---Container Fluid-->
</div>
<!-- Footer -->
<?php include "Includes/footer.php";?>
<!-- Footer -->
</div>
</div>

<!-- Scroll to top -->

<a class="scroll-to-top rounded" href="#page-top">
<i class="fas fa-angle-up"></i>
</a>

<script src="../vendor/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="../vendor/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
<script src="../vendor/jquery-easing/jquery.easing.min.js"></script>
<script src="js/ruang-admin.min.js"></script>
<!-- Page level plugins -->
<script src="../vendor/datatables/jquery.dataTables.min.js"></script>
<script src="../vendor/datatables/dataTables.bootstrap4.min.js"></script>
<!-- Page level custom scripts -->
<script>
$(document).ready(function () {
$('#dataTable').DataTable(); // ID From dataTable
$('#dataTableHover').DataTable(); // ID From dataTable with Hover
});
</script>
</body>

</html>

42
 CHAPTER 6

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

6.1 Summary
This project a software for online Attendance Management System is developed after reviewing
and analyzing the existing manual system at the investigation stage and a Use Case diagram to
determine the actors of the system.

The design is implemented using Word press, MYSQL for database and XAMPP as the offline
local server. The web application starts with login which contains Admin, teachers or student login,
then the Home Page where Admin, teachers or students can either click on Dashboard to view their
respective dashboard.

6.2 Conclusion
The Attendance Management System is developed using WordPress framework fully meets the
objectives of the system which it has been developed. The system has reached a steady state where
all bugs have been eliminated. The system is operated at a high level of efficiency and all the
teachers and user associated with the system understands its advantage. The system solves the
problem. It was intended to solve as requirement specification.

6.3 Recommendation
As a result of the finding made during the analysis and design stages of this research work. In order
to improve the effectiveness of the site to its greater height and full potential, its recommended
that the following features should be added for future expansion of this project.

• E- Learning (Virtual Classes)

• A website for student forums
• Online Tutorial Classes

For the effective usage of this software and have good management of it, it is necessary to provide
computer to the vital registration centers and staff should be trained to acquire knowledge on how

43
to use the computer and new system. So that the current system needs to be change in order to
meet global standard and modern challenges of information technology.

6.4 References:

1. Patel UA, Swaminarayan Priya R. Development of a student attendance management

system using RFID and face recognition: a review. Int J Adv Res Comput Sci Manag Stud.
2014;2(8):109–19. http://www.w3schools.com
2. Jacksi K. Design and Implementation of Online Submission And Peer Review System: A
Case Study Of E-Journal Of University Of Zakho. Int J Sci Technol Res. 2015;4(8):83–
5.http://www.dotnetspider.com
3. Jacksi K, Badiozamany S. General method for data indexing using clustering methods. Int
J Sci Eng. 2015 Mar;6(3):641–4. http://www.csharpcorner.com
4. . Jacksi K, Dimililer N, and Zeebaree SR. State of the Art Exploration Systems for Linked
Data: A Review. Int J Adv Comput Sci Appl IJACSA. 2016;7(11):155–64.
http://www.codeguru.com
5. Gangagowri G, Muthuselvi J, Sujitha S. Attendance Management System.
http://www.msdn.microsoft.com/net/quickstart/aspplus/default.com
6. Anitha V Pai, Krishna A, Kshama PM, Correa M. Web service for student attendance
management system. www.ijarse.com. 2016 Mar;5(3). http://www.asp.net
7. Arbain N, Nordin NF, Isa NM, Saaidin S. LAS: Web-based laboratory attendance system
by integrating RFID-ARDUINO technology. In IEEE; 2014. p. 89–94.
http://www.fmexpense.com/quickstart/aspplus/default.com
8. Srinidhi M, Roy R. A web enabled secured system for attendance monitoring and real time
location tracking using Biometric and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology.
In IEEE; 2015. p. 1–5. http://www.asptoday.com
9. Arulogun O, Olatunbosun A, Fakolujo O, Olaniyi O. RFID-based student’s attendance
management system. Int J Sci Eng Res. 2013;4(2):1–9.
http://www.4guysfromrolla.com/index.aspx
10. Kassim M, Mazlan H, Zaini N, Salleh MK. Webbased student attendance system using
RFID technology. In IEEE; 2012. p. 213–8. http://www.tutorialspoint.com

44