ek#Q

uaxs lj uekt+
i<+uk dSlk\

eq¶rh jt+kmygd+ v'kjQh

vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj eqEcbZ

lEc) vLlS;n egewn v'kjQ nk#Ùkg+d+hd+
oÙkLuhQ] tkes v'kjQ njxkg fdNkSNk 'kjhQ
ft+yk vEcsMdj uxj ;wih
uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 2 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

lokZfèkdkj lqjf{kr gS
uke fdrkc% ,ykeqUUkkl csgqdfeLlykrs eD'kwiQjZkl
(ek#iQ) uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk oSQlk gS\
ys[kd% eqÝrh jt+kmygd+ v'kjiQh feLckgh
vuqoknd % ekSykuk eksgEen tkfcj gqlSu feLckgh
izdk'ku lu% tuojh] 2017 bZ-
dqy i`"B% 40
eqY;% 40@&

feyus ds irs
 vLlS;n egewn v'kjiQ nk#Rrg+d+hd+ oÙkLuhiQ
tkes v'kjiQ fdNkSNk 'kjhiQ] vEcsMdjuxj] ;w-ih-
 vgys lqUur fjlpZ lsaVj] tksxs'ojh] eqEcbZ egkjk"Vª
9987517752
 eDrck iSQt+kus 'kjiQ [k+kud+kg v'kjfiQ;k glfu;k
ljdkjs dyka tkes v'kjiQ fdNkSNk 'kjhiQ ;w-ih-
 vyv'kjiQ ,osQMeh fnYyh&9891105516
 vyv'kjiQ ,osQMeh] jktegy] lkgscxat] >kj[k.M
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 enjlk v'kjfiQ;k x+jhcuokt+ ubZ cLrh jktegy lkgscxat
>kj[k.M] 7764078380
 eDrck vyv'kjiQ 736] fudV [kkudkg v'kjfiQ;k]
[kq'kkeniqjk] ekysxk¡o] egkjk"Vª
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 3 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

vtZs+ ukf'kj
fcfLeYykfgjZgekfujZghe

vgys lqUur fjlpZ lsaVj eqEcbZ (ARC) lEc¼ vLlS;n

egewn v'kjiQ nk#Ùkg+d+hd+ oÙkLuhiQ tkes v'kjiQ fdNkSNk
eqdn~nlk dh tkfuc ls blls igys dbZ fdrkcsa izdkf'kr
gksdj d+kjsbZu&,&fdjke ls luns dcwfy;r izkIr dj pqdh gSaA
fiQjd+&,&ogkfc;k xqejkg (xSj eqd+Yysnhu o vgys g+nhl) osQ
jn~ esa ^rdZ jisQ;nSu*] ^uekt+ esa ukiQ osQ uhps gkFk ckaèkuk*]
^fiQLd+s ;t+hn*] ^yd+cs bekes vkt+e*] ^fiQjd+&,&eqftZ;k vkSj
ogkfc;k*] ^r'kg~gqn esa maxyh fgykuk* vkSj ^'kgknrs bekes glu*
dh izdk'ku osQ ckn t+sjs ut+j fjlkyk ^uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk
dSlk\* izdkf'kr djus dh lv+knr gkfly gks jgh gSA oqQN
myek vgys g+nhl osQ iQrkos vkSj rgjhjksa ls ekMuZ vgys g+nhl
(Modern Ahle Hadith) ukStokuksa esa uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us dk
#tgku vke gksrk tk jgk gSA fygkt+k t:jr eglwl gqbZ fd bl
fo"k; ij Hkh ,d rg+d+hd+h vkSj eqnYyy fjlkyk izdkf'kr dj
fn;k tk, rkfd bl x+yr iQg~eh dk bt+kyk dj fn;k tk, fd
uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk fcyk djkgr tkbt+ gSA
vygenqfyYykg bl tkes fjlkys esa fdrkc o lqUur dh
jkS'kuh esa vkSj vklkjs lgkck o rkcsbZu vkSj dqN myek;s vgys
g+nhl osQ vd+oky ls ;s lkfcr fd;k x;k gS fd fcyk m+t+z uaxs
lj uekt+ i<+uk f[kykisQ lqUur gSA
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 4 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

ckuh;s lsaVj gtwj dkbns feYyr xqys xqyt+kjs xkSfl;r
egewnqy e'kkb[k+ ekSykuk vcqyeq[+rkj lS;n 'kkg eksgEen egewn
v'kjiQ v'kjiQh thykuh dh et+cwr ljijLrh esa lsaVj nkSjs gkft+j
(orZeku dky) osQ rd+kt+ksa osQ eqrkfcd+ nhu o lqfUu;r dh
f[k+nekr vatke ns jgk gSA fygkt+k bldh gekftgr rjDdh osQ
fy, gj eqfEdu rvkoqu is'k djuk gj lqUuh eqlyeku dh nhuh
o feYyh ft+Eesnkjh gSA
Qd+r
vjkdhus vgys lqUur fjlpZ lsaVj eqEcbZ
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 5 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

nqvkbZ;k dysekr
dkbns feYyr eg+ewnqy e'kkb[k+ ekSykuk vygkt v''kkg vcqy
eq[+rkj lS;n eksgEen egewn v'kjQ v'kjQh thykuh
lTtknk u'kha vkLrkuk vkfy;k v'kjfQ;k fdNkSNk 'kjhQ

lEiw.kZ eqlyeku og gS tks viuh djuh vkSj dFkuh esa

jlwyqYykg lyYykgks vySfg olYye dh fl¼karksa ij dk;Zjr
gksA ,d lR; eqlyeku viuh rch;r ij 'kjh;r dks ojh;rk
nsrk gSA ge eqlyekuksa dks ogh ilan djuk pkfg, tks vYykg
osQ jlwy vkSj vkiosQ lgkck (lkfFk;ksa) dks ilan FkkA vg+knhl o
vklkjs lgkck osQ vè;;u ls irk pyrk gS fd vYykg osQ jlwy
lyYykgks vySfg olYye vkSj vkiosQ lgkck (lkfFk;ksa) dks
Vksih ;k vekek (ixM+h) osQ lkFk uekt+ i<+uk ilan FkkA dHkh
vkius vkSj viosQ lgkck us fcuk fdlh mt+z ('kjvh dkj.k) osQ
uaxs lj uekt+ ugha i<+h] rks ge eqlyekuksa dks Hkh pkfg, fd
gqtwj vySfgLlykrks oLlyke osQ bl ilanhnk rjhosQ dks viuk,aA
oqQjku gdhe esa uekt+ osQ oD+r t+hur (ltus laojus)
bf[+r;kj djus dh rjx+hc nh xbZ gS vkSj uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk
t+hur osQ f[kykiQ gS] blh fcuk ij pkjksa et+kfgc osQ iqQD+gk o
eqTrgsnhu (bekekas) us bldks eD:g iQjek;k gS] ysfdu vktdy
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 6 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

iSQ'kuijLr ukStokuksa esa uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us dk #Tgku vke gksrk

tk jgk gS] blfy, ,sls viQjkn dh bLykg+ dh [k+kfrj vgys
lqUr fjlpZ lsaVj dh tkfuc ls ;s eq[+rl+j tkes o eqiQhn iqLrd
izdkf'kr dh tk jgh gSA blesa nykby ls ;s lkfcr fd;k x;k gS
fd cx+Sj fdlh mt+z osQ fliZQ lqLrh o dkfgyh ;k iSQ'ku osQ rkSj
ij uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk eD:g o f[k+ykisQ lqUur gSA vYykg
rckjd o rvkyk iqLrd osQ ys[kd] vgys lqUur fjlpZ lsaVj
osQ reke dkjoqQuku] mysek] eqgD+sd+hu] vjkdhu o eqvkosuhu
dks nksuksa tgka dh iQykg o dke;kch vrk iQjek,] lsaVj dks
rjD+d+h osQ iFk ij Mky ns vkSj bldh f[k+nekr dks yksd izfl¼
cuk,A vkehu

iQd+r nqvk xks o nqvk tks

iQd+hj v'kjiQh o xnk&,&thykuh
vcqyeq[+rkj lS;n egewn v'kjiQ v'kjiQh thykuh
lTtknk u'kha vkLrkuk vkfy;k v'kjfiQ;k fdNkSNk 'kjhiQ
24 jchmy vkf[+kj 1438fg- eqrkfdc 23 tuojh 2017bZ-
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 7 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk f[k+ykQs lqUur

fcfLeYykfgjZgekfujZghe

fcyk mt+z uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk f[kykisQ lqUur gSA fdlh

,d g+nhl ls Hkh lkfcr ugha fd gqtwj jlwys vdje lyYYkkgks
vySfg olYye us dHkh uaxs lj [kqn uekt+ i<+h gks ;k vius
fdlh lgkch dks i<+us dk gqDe fn;k gks vkSj dksbZ ,d fjok;r
Hkh ,slh ugha ftlls ;s lkfcr gks fd fdlh lckgh us fcyk mt+z
uaxs lj uekt+ i<+h gksA
jlwyqYykg lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye dk r+jhd+k ;s Fkk fd
vke vkSd+kr esa Hkh vki uaxs lj ugha gksrs FksA ljs eqckjd ij ;k
rks ixM+h (vekek) gksrh ;k Vksih gksrhA gkyrs ,gjke osQ flok
vke gkykr ftlesa gkyrs uekt+ Hkh nkf[ky gS] esa vki uaxs lj
ugha jgrs FksA vkidk ,d vekek Fkk ftls vke rkSj ij ck¡èkrs
Fks] mldk uke vkius ^vLlgkc* j[kk FkkA ixM+h osQ uhps Vksih
igurs FksA bCuqy vlhj vytt+jh fy[krs gSa%
rtZZqek% (vjch dh vLy bckjr mnwZ fdrkc esa ekStwn gS)¶jlwyqYYkkg
lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye viuh gj bLrsekyh pht+ dk uke
j[krs FksA vkidk ,d vekek Fkk ftldks ^vLLkgkc* dgk tkrk
FkkA vki vekek osQ uhps lj ls fpidh jgus okyh Vksih igurs
Fks¸A (mlnqy x+kck] Hkkx&1 i`"B&37)
eqgfn~nl vyh d+kjh us gt+jr bCus vCckl jft+;Yykgq vUgqek
dh fjok;r dks bCus vlkfdj osQ gokys ls uD+y fd;k gS%
g+nhl&1 rtZek& ¶gt+jr bCus vCckl jft+;Yykgq vagqek ls
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 8 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

fjok;r gS fd gqtjw lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye vekek osQ uhps

Vksfi;k¡ igurs Fks vkSj dHkh fliZQ Vksih igurs vkSj dHkh cxSj+ Vksih
osQ vekek ck¡èkrs Fks¸A (fedkZryq eiQkrhg] Hkkx&7] g- 2774)
eqYyk vyh dkjh us bl g+nhl dks t+bZiQ d+jkj fn;k gS] vkSj
og g+nhl ftlesa ;s dgk x;k gS fd gekjs vkSj eq'jsdhu osQ
chp iQdZ+ ;s gS fd ge Vksih ij vekek ck¡èkrs gSa vkSj eq'jsdhu
fliZQ vekek ck¡èkrs gSaA bl g+nhl dh lun Hkh vxpZs t+bZi+Q gS
ysfdu blosQ ckoqtwn myek us ;s iQjek;k gS fd cxS+j Vksih osQ
fliZQ vekek ckaèkuk eq'jsdhu dk r+jhdk gS vkSj lghg g+nhl esa
eq'jsdhu dh eq[k+kfyiQr dk gqDe fn;k x;k gS] blfy, cx+Sj
Vksih osQ fliZQ vekek ckaèkuk ugha pkfg,] tSlk fd eqYyk vyh
d+kjh us fejd+kr esa fy[kk gSA
g+nhl&2 bekes frfeZt+h us gt+jr mej jft+;Yykgq vUgq dh ;s
fjok;r ft+ozQ dh gS fd jlwyqYykg lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye us
lcls Å¡ps ntZs osQ 'kghn dh fjiQvr o cyUnh dk ft+ozQ djrs
oD+r vius lj dks Å¡pk mBkrs gq, iQjek;k% D+;ker osQ fnu
yksx mldks ;w¡ lj mBk dj ns[ksaxsA ;s bj'kkn iQjekrs oD+r vki
lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye dh Vksih ;k fjok;r c;ku djrs oD+r
gt+jr mej jft+;Yykgq vUgq dh Vksih fxj xbZA (lquu frfeZt+h]
Hkkx&3] i`"B 229)
vxj lj ls fxjus okyh Vksih gqtwj uch;s vdje lyYYkkgks
vySfg olYye dh Fkh rks bl g+nhl ls t+kfgj gS fd gqtwj
vke gkykr esa uaxs lj ugha jgrs Fks vkSj vxj Vksih gt+jr
mej jft+;Yykgq vUgq dh Fkh rks blls t+kfgj gksrk gS fd
lgkc&,&fdjke vke gkykr esa uaxs lj ugha jgrs FksA
g+nhl&3 lg+hg+ cq[k+kjh o eqfLye esa gt+jrs vCnqYYkkg fcu mej
jft+;Yykgq vUgq ls fjok;r gS fd jlwyqYykg lyYYkkgks vySfg
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 9 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

olYye ls iwNk x;k fd ,gjke ckaèkus okys dk fyckl D;k

gks\ vkius tokc fn;kA
rtZek% rqe (,gjke esa)u d+ehl+ iguks u vekek] u iktkek] u
Vksih] u [kqiQ (peM+s osQ ekst+s)A
bl g+nhl ls ekywe gqvk fd lgkc&,&fdjke dk fyckl
vke gkykr esa d+ehl+] iktkek] vekek vkSj Vksih gksrh FkhA gkyrs
uekt+ Hkh blesa nkf[k+y gSA vxj cx+Sj Vksih osQ uekt+ i<+uk eluwu
gksrk rks [kqn vkils uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk vkSj lgkc&,&fdjke
jft+okuqYykgs rvkyk vySfge vtebZu dks i<+us dk gqde nsuk
lkfcr gksrk vkSj tSlk fd gkyrs ,gjke dks vkius vke gkykr
ls eqLrluk djuk lfcr ugha rks ekywe gqvk fd Vksih ;k vekek
osQ lkFk uekt+ i<+uk erywc o eluwu gSA
g+nhl&4 rtZek% gt+jr okby fcu gtj jft+;Yykgq vUgq ls
fjok;r gS] mUgksaus iQjek;k% eSaus uch djhe lyYYkkgks vySfg
olYye vkSj vki osQ vlgkc dks ns[kk] tkM+s osQ ekSle esa og
Vksfi;ksa vkSj pknjksa esa uekt+ i<+rs FksA muosQ gkFk pknjksa osQ vUnj
gksrs vkSj mUgsa lhus rd mBkrs FksA
bl g+nhl ls ekywe gqvk fd jlwy lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye
vkSj lgkc&,&fdjke Vksfi;ka igudj uekt+ vnk djrs FksA
bekes frcjkuh us iQjek;k%
g+nhl&4 rtZek% gt+jr eqx+hjk fcu 'kksvck jt+h vYykgq vUgq
ls fjok;r gS] mUgksaus iQjek;k fd eSa nks [k+l+yrksa osQ ckjs esa
vc fdlh vkSj ls ugha iwNwaxk] D;ksafd eSaus mUgsa jlqy lyYYkkgks
vySfg olYye esa ns[kh gSaA ,d [kqÝ+iSQu (peM+s osQ ekst+s) ij
elg djuk vkSj nwljh beke dk viuh jbÕ;r (iztk) dh
bD+rnk esa uekt+ i<+ukA ,d liQj esa ge jlwy lyYYkkgks vySfg
olYye osQ lkFk FksA ,d txg geus D+;ke fd;kA uch djhe
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 10 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye viuh gktr osQ fy, x,] tc okil

vk, rks eSaus oqtw dk ikuh is'k fd;kA oqtw djrs oD+r vki tqCc;s
eqckjd dh vkLrhu u p<+k losQ] D;ksafd vkLrhu rax FkhA vkius
tqCcs osQ vanj dh rjiQ ls gkFkksa dks fudkyk vkSj èkks;kA is'kkuh
dh fed+nkj lj osQ vxys fgLls dk elg fd;k fiQj vekek ij
gkFk isQjk vkSj [kqÝ+iSQu (peM+s osQ ekst+ksa) ij elg fd;k fiQj
ge dkiQ+ys osQ ikl vk,A yksx vCnqjZgeku fcu vkSiQ dks viuk
beke cukdj uekt+ i<+ jgs FksA geus muosQ lkFk ,d fjdvr
ikbZA jlwy lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye us viuh nwljh fjdv+r
ckn esa iwjh dhA
fr+cjkuh dh ,d nwljh fjok;r esa ;s Hkh gS%
rtZek% jlwy lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye dh vken dh otg ls
vCnqjZgeku fcu vkSiQ ihNs gVus yxs rks vki lyYYkkgks vySfg
olYye us b'kkjs ls gqde fn;k fd viuh txg Bgjs jgksA fiQj
tks fjdv+r geus beke osQ lkFk ikbZ] i<+h vkSj tks NwV xbZ Fkh
mls ckn esa iwjk fd;kA
bl g+nhl ls ekywe gqvk fd jlwy lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye
oqtw iQjekrs oD+r vekek igus gq, FksA oqtw djrs oD+r vkius
vekek lj ls ugha mrkjk] tc fd ;s oD+r blosQ fy, equkflc
Fkk rks t+kfgj ;gh gS fd vkius uekt+ esa nkf[k+y gksrs oD+r Hkh
vekek dks ugha mrkjk vkSj vekek osQ lkFk uekt+ vnk iQjekbZA
g+nhl&6 rtZek% bekes vCnqjZt+kdk us iQjek;k fd gesa [kcj nh
vCnqYykg fcu eqgjZj us] mUgksaus dgk eq>s [k+cj nh ;t+hn fcu
vle us] mUgksaus us gt+jr vcw gqjSjk ls lquk] og iQjekrs Fks
fd jlwy lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye vekek osQ dksus ij ltnk
iQjekrs FksA bCus eqgjZj us dgk% eq>s lqyseku fcu ewlk us [k+cj
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 11 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

nh edgwy osQ gokys ls mUgksaus uch;s vdje lyYYkkgks vySfg

olYye ls blh rjgA (eqlUuiQ vCnqjZt+kd] Hkkx&1] i`"B&400)
lkfyg fcu g;oku rkcsbZ dh eqjly fjok;r ;g gS%
g+nhl&7 rtZek% jlwys djhe lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye us
,d O;fDr dks ns[kk tks uekt+ i<+ jgk FkkA mlus is'kkuh rd
vekek ckaèk j[kk Fkk vkSj mlh ij ltnk dj jgk FkkA jlwy
lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye us mldh is'kkuh ls vekek dks gVk
fn;kA (lquus dqcjk fyy cSgd+h Hkkx&2] i`"B&151)
vxpZs ;s fjok;r eqjly gS ysfdu tqEgwj vbEek osQ ut+nhd
ed+cwy gSA cSgdh us iQjek;k% ;s eqjly fjok;r ed+cwy eqjly
fjok;r dh 'kkfgn gSA og 'k[+l vekek cakèkdj uekt+ vnk dj
jgk FkkA mls vki lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye us vekek ckaèkus
ls euk ugha iQjek;k] fliZQ ;s fd;k fd is'kkuh ls vekek dks
gVk fn;k rkfd ltnk vPNs rjhosQ ls is'kkuh ij gksA blls irk
pyk fd vekek osQ lkFk uekt+ vnk djuk lgkck dk r+jhd+k Fkk
vkSj gqtwj dks ;s ilan Fkk oukZ vekek mrkjdj [k+kyh lj uekt+
i<+us dk gqDe nsrsA
g+nhl&8 rtZek% gt+jr vul fcu ekfyd jft+;Yykgq vUgq ls
fjok;r gS mUgksaus iQjek;k% eSa us jlwyqYYkkg lyYYkkgks vySfg
olYye dks oqtw djrs gq, ns[kk vki d+r+jh vekek esa FksA vkius
vekek osQ vanj gkFk Mkydj lj osQ vxys fgLlk dk elg
iQjek;k vkSj vekek dks ugha mrkjkA bl g+nhl dks vcw nkmQn
us r[k+jht fd;k gSA (lquus oqQcjk Hkkx&1] i`"B 100)
blls t+kfgj ;gh gS fd oqtw osQ ckn uekt+ i<+rs odr vkius
vekek dks ugha mrkjk D;ksa fd oqtw dk oD+r] vekek dks mrkjus
dk ,d equkflc oD+r Fkk] tc ogka ugha mrkjk rks t+kfgj gS
fd uekt+ osQ oD+r Hkh ugha mrkjk gksxkA uekt+ esa mrkjus dh
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 12 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

ckr f[kyki+sQ t+kfgj gS fygktk blosQ lcwr ij nyhy pkfg,

vkSj bl ij dksbZ nyhy ekStwn ughaA blls lkfcr gqvk fd gqtwj
lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye vkekek osQ lkFk uekt+ vnk iQjekrs
Fks] uaxs lj ughaA

lgkck o rkcsbZu&,&fdjke] vekek ds lkFk uekt+ i<+rs Fks%

vklkjs lgkck o rkcsbZu
1- bekes vCnqjZt+kd+ us iQjek;k%
rtZek% vCnqYykg fcu t+jkZj us dgk fd eSaus gt+jr vul
jt+hvYYkkgq vUgq dks ns[kk] 'kkSpky; (cSrqy[kyk) ls vk,A og
lisQn] ?kqaMh yxh gqbZ Vksih igus gq, FksA mUgksaus Vksih ij gkFk isQjk
(lj ij elg djus osQ ckn) vkSj jksb±nkj L;kg jax osQ ikbrkcs
(tks fd [kqiQ@ekst+s dh rjg Fks) ij elg fd;k fiQj uekt+ vnk
dhA lqfiQ;ku lkSjh us dgk fd Vksih vekek dh eaft+y esa gS
(Vksih osQ lkFk uekt+ i<+uk Hkh eluwu gS)A
2- bCuqy eqaft+j us c;ku fd;k%
rtZek% gels g+nhl c;ku dh bLekbZy fcu vEekj us] mUgksaus
dgk gels g+nhl c;ku dh ;t+hn fcu gk:u us] mUgksaus dgk gesa
[k+cj nh vkfle us] mUgksaus dgk% eSaus gt+jrs vul jft+;Yykgq
vUgq dks ns[kk] vkius oqt+w fd;k vkSj vius vekek vkSj [kqÝ+iSQu
ij elg fd;k fiQj gesa iQt+Z uekt+ i<+kbZ (vkSlr iQh lquu o
btek oy bf[+rykiQ&1] i`"B 468)
3- beke vCnqjZt+kd+ iQjekrs gSa%
rtZek% lkSjh ls ejoh gS] vkfle osQ gokys ls mUgksaus dgk% eSaus
vul fcu ekfyd dks ns[kk] mUgksaus bfLratk fd;k fiQj [kM+s gq,
oqt+w fd;k rks vius vekek ij elg fd;k fiQj mBs vkSj iQtZ+
uekt+ i<+hA (eqlUuiQ vCnqjZT+t+kd)
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 13 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

4- gt+jr tkfcj jft+;Yykgq vUgq us coDr+s t+:jr ,d diM+s esa

uekt+ i<+us dk rjhdk v+eyh rkSj ij crk;k fd vxj fdlh osQ
ikl fliZQ ,d gh pknj gks rks mlls uekt+ i<+us dk rjhd+k ;s
gS fd pknj dks xqn~nh dh rjiQ ls ck¡èk nsA blls b'kkjk feyrk
gS fd fliZQ ,d pknj e;Llj gks rks Hkh uekt+ vnk djus dk
eluwu r+jhd+k ;s gS fd lj ij Hkh pknj dk ,d fgLlk gksA
pqukaps lghg cq[k+kjh esa gS%
rtZek% gt+jr tkfcj jft+;Yykgq vUgq us ,d ,t+kj esa uekt+
i<+h ftls mUgksaus xqn~nh dh rjiQ ls (lj ij) ck¡èk fy;k FkkA
(lghg cq[k+kjh g+nhl 352)
g+nhl 3 esa vekek ij elg rcvu (lj osQ elg osQ ckn)
FkkA jlwy vdje lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye us igys pkSFkkbZ lj
dk elg iQjek;k fiQj vekek ij gkFkksa dks isQj fy;kA tSlk fd
eqlUuisQ vCnqjZt+kd dh bl fjok;r esa bldh ot+kgr ekStwn gS%
rtZek% beke vCnqjZT+t+kd us gEekn ls] mUgksaus d+rkng ls fjok;r
dh fd uch lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye vius vekek ij elg
iQjekrs] bldk eryc ;s gS fd vki lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye
vius gkFk dks lj osQ is'kkuh okys fgLls (vxys fgLls) ij
j[kdj elg djrs fiQj vekek ij gkFk isQj ysrs FksA (,St+u)
bl fjok;r esa et+hn bldh ot+kgr ekStwn gS%
rtZek% fg'kke fcu mjok vius okfyn gt+jr mjok ls fjok;r
djrs gSa fd og (oqt+w djrs oDr) vekek dks mrkj ysrs Fks fiQj
lj dk elg djrs FksA (,St+u)
beke cSgd+h us gt+jr bCu mej jt+h vYykg vUgq dh ;s
fjok;r ft+ozQ dh gSA
rtZek% ukisQ us bCu mej ls fjok;r dh gS fd og tc vius
lj dk elg djrs Fks rks Vksih dks mBk ysrs vkSj lj osQ vxys
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 14 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

fgLls ij elg djrs FksA (lquus oqQcjk&1] 101)

bl fjok;r dks nkjsoqQruh us viuh lquu esa ft+ozQ fd;k gSA
bekes cx+oh fy[krs gSa%
rtZek% vDlj vgys bYe us lj osQ cnys fliZQ vekek ij elg
dks tkbt+ ugha dgkA (rÝlhjs cx+oh&2] 22)
beke iQ[k+#n~nhu jkt+h us iQjek;k%
rtZek% vekek ij elg dks dkiQh le>uk tkbt+ ughaA gekjh
nyhy ;s gS fd vk;rs djhek ls ;s lkfcr gksrk gS fd lj ij
elg djuk okftc gSA (rÝlh#jZkt+h&11] 305)
5- bekes cSgd+h us viuh lun osQ lkFk gt+jr glu cljh
jft+;Yykgq vUgq ls fjok;r dh%
rtZek% jlwy lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye osQ vLgkc ltnk
djrs Fks bl gky esa fd muosQ gkFk muosQ diM+ksa esa gksrs
vkSj dksbZ vkneh vius vekes ij ltnk djrkA (lquus oqQcjk
fyycSgdh&2] 153)A
bl fjok;r ls ;s lkfcr gqvk fd lgkc&,&fdjke veweu
vekek osQ lkFk uekt+ vnk iQjekrs Fks vkSj Vksih osQ lkFk i<+uk
Hkh lkfcr gSA
6- lquus vcw nkmQn esa gS%
rtZek% gt+jr vcw ok;y jft+;Yykgq vUgq ls ejoh gS mUgksaus
iQjek;k eSaus jlwy lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye dks ns[kk] vki
us uekt+ osQ 'kq: esa nksuksa gkFkksa dks dkuksa rd mBk;kA fiQj
lgkc&,&fdjke osQ ikl vk;k rks mUgsa ns[kk fd uekt+ osQ 'kq:
esa lhus rd gkFk mBkrs vksj muosQ ljksa ij Vksfi;k¡ gksrha vksj
cnu ij pknjsa (lquus vcw nkmQn] 193)
7- bCus vch 'kSck iQjekrs gSa%
rtZek% gt+jr vul fcu ekfyd jft+;Yykgq vUgq ls fjok;r gS
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 15 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

fd gt+jr mej jt+htvYykgq vUgq us ,d vkneh dks ,slh Vksih

igudj uekt+ i<+rs gq, ns[kk ftldk van#uh fgLlk ykseM+h osQ
peM+s dk cuk gqvk FkkA vkius mldks mrjok fn;k vkSj iQjek;k%
D;k ekywe] gks ldrk gS bldh ftYn ukikd gksA
bl fjok;r ls bruk rks t+:j lkfcr gqvk fd lgkc&,&fdjke
osQ nkSj esa Hkh yksx Vksfi;ksa osQ lkFk uekt+ i<+k djrs FksA
8- bekes cSgd+h us gt+jr vEekj jft+;Yykgq vUgq dh ;s fjok;r
ft+ozQ dh gS%
rtZek% eygku fcu lkScku dgrs gSa fd gt+jr vEekj fcu
;kflj jft+;Yykgq vUgq owQiQk esa ,d lky gekjs vehj jgsA
og gj tqek dks L;kg vekek igudj [kqRck nsrs FksA (lquus
oqQcjk&33] 350)
bl fjok;r ls t+kfgj gS fd gt+jr vEekj fcu ;kflj
jft+;Yykgq vUgq tqek dh uekt+ vekek igudj i<+k;k djrs FksA
D;ksafd ;s ,grseky fd vekek osQ lkFk [kqR+ck nsdj uekt+ osQ
oD+r vekek mrkj nsrs Fks] t+kfgj osQ f[kykiQ vkSj cs nyhy gSA
9- v;kt+ fcu vCnqYykg vydj'kh dh eqjly fjok;r gS%
rtZek% uch lyYYkkgks vySfg olYye us ,d 'k[+l dks vekek
osQ isap ij ltnk djrs gq, ns[kk rks b'kkjs ls gqDe fn;k fd
vekek dks mQij mBkdj is'kkuh dks t+kfgj dj nks (vkSj is'kkuh
ij ltnk djks) (,St+u)
10- gt+jr mcknk fcu lkfer jft+;Yykgq vUgq vekek osQ lkFk
uekt+ i<+rs FksA bCus vch 'kSck us viuh lun osQ lkFk uD+y
iQjek;k%
rtZek% gt+jr mcknk fcu lkfer ls ejoh gS fd og tc uekt+
osQ fy, [kM+s gksrs rks vekek dks is'kkuh ls gVkdj is'kkuh dks
t+kfgj dj nsrs FksA (rkfd is'kkuh ij ltnk gks) eqlUuiQ&1] 240)
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 16 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

11-eqlUuiQ bCu vch 'kSck gh esa gS%

rtZek% gt+jr vyh jft+;Yykgq vUgq us iQjek;k% tc dksbZ
uekt+ i<+s rks is'kkuh ls vekek dks gVk ysA (,st+u)
12- mlh esa gS%
rtZek% gt+jr bCus mej jft+;Yykgq vUgq vekek osQ isap ij
ltnk ugha djrs FksA (,st+u)
eqgfn~nl vCnqjZT+t+kd us bczkghe u[k+bZ dh fjok;r uD+y dh
fd yksx (lgkck o rkcsbZu) eq[+rfyiQ izdkj dh Vksfi;ksa osQ
lkFk uekt+ i<+k djrs FksA iQjekrs gSa%
13- rtZek% bczkghe u[k+bZ us dgk fd yksx (elkrhd+) (e[+lwl
'kkeh tqCcksa) vkSj czkful vkSj R+;kfyl (e[+lwl Vksfi;ksa) esa
uekt+ vnk djrs FksA (lnhZ osQ lcc) mu tqCcksa ls gkFk ugha
fudkyrs FksA (eqlUUkiQ vCnqjZT+t+kd&1] 401)
eqgfn~nl vcw uks,se us fg'kke dh fjok;r ft+ozQ dh gSA
fg'kke us dgk%
14- rtZek% eSaus ealwj fcu t+kt+ku (rkcsbZ) osQ igyw eas tqes osQ
fnu okflr+ dh tkes efLtn esa uekt+ i<+hA mUgksua s nks [k+Re oqQjvku
i<+k vkSj rhljh ckj rOoklhu (lqjg rk-lh-ehe-) rdA (fgfy;rqy
vkSfy;k esa lqjg ugy gS) og ckjg xt+ dk vekek igus gq, FksA
vkalw iwN
a rs&iwN
a rs mudk vekek Hkhx x;kA fiQj mUgksua s mldks vius
lkeus j[k fn;kA (fgy;rqy vkSfy;k&3] 57)
bl fjok;r dks vYykek t+gch us Hkh viuh fdrkc ls;js
vkykeqUuqcyk esa ft+ozQ fd;k gSA
eqlUuiQ bCu vch 'kSck esa gS%
15- rtZek% gt+jr glu cljh ls euowQy gS fd og vekek osQ
isap ij ltnk djrs FksA (eqlUuiQ&1] 239)
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 17 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

edgwy rkcbZ tks eqfLye] vcw nkmQn vkSj ulbZ] bCus ektk osQ
jkoh gSa
16- eqlUuiQ bCus 'kSck gh esa gS%
rtZek% edgwy ls eudwy gS fd og vekek osQ chp ij ltnk
djrs FksA eksgEen fcu jkf'kn dgrs gSa fd eSaus muls iwNk ,slk
D;ksa djrs gSa rks mUgksaus tokc fn;k% eSa dadfj;ksa dh BaMd ls
viuh vk¡[k dks uqdlku igqapus dk [kkSiQ eglwl djrk gw¡A
(,st+u)
17- beke cq[k+kjh us rkyhd+u ;s fjok;r uD+y dh%
rtZek% gt+jr glu cljh us iQjek;k fd yksx (lgkck) vekek
vkSj Vksih ij (vekek o Vksih igus gq,) ltnk djrs FksA (lghg
cq[k+kjh&1] 86)
18- bczkghes u[k+bZ rkcsbZ ;s ilan djrs Fks fd uekt+h vekek dks
is'kkuh ls gVk ysA pqukaps eqlUuiQ bCus vch 'kSck esa gS%
rtZek% bczkghe u[k+bZ ls ejoh gS og vekek okys osQ fy,
;s ilan djrs Fks fd ixM+h osQ isap dks is'kkuh ls gVk ysA
(eqlUuiQ&1] 240)
19- gt+jr eksgEen bCu lhjhu rkcsbZ vekek osQ isap ij ltnk
djus dks ukilan le>rs FksA bCus vch 'kSck iQjekrs gSa%
rtZek% bCus lhjhu ls ejoh gS fd mUgksaus vekek osQ isap ij
ltnk djus dks ukilan le>kA (,st+u)
Qk;nk%
vxpZs vekek osQ isap vkSj Vksih osQ fdukus ij ltnk djuk
tkbt+ gS ysfdu csgrj ;s gS fd [kqyh is'kkuh ij ltnk djsA
et+owQjk fjok;rksa ls ekywe gqvk fd lgkc&,&fdjke vkSj
rkcsbZus bt+ke Hkh [kqys lj uekt+ ugha i<+rs FksA
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 18 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

eqUdsjhu dk ekSd+Q+
vgys g+nhl x+Sj eqd+Yysnhu osQ oqQN myek xpZs uaxs lj
uekt+ i<+us dks ukilanhnk v+ey d+jkj nsrs gSa ysfdu bl elys
esa Hkh og vg+uki+Q dks yv+u rv+u dk fu'kkuk cukrs gSa vkSj mu
ij ;s byt+ke j[krs gSa fd og Vksih ;k vekek osQ lkFk uekt+
i<+us dks iQt+Z o okftc le>rs gSaA vg+uki+Q ij ogkfc;ksa dh
;s >wBh rqger gSA fiQd+gs guiQh dh reke eksvrcj fdrkcksa esa
gS fd lj <k¡idj uekt+ i<+uk eluwu o ilanhnk gSA vxj dksbZ
lqLrh o dkfgyh ls [kqys lj uekt+ i<+s rks ;s eD:g gSA
pqukUps fiQd+gs guiQh dh eksvrcj fdrkc vyeqghrqy
cqjgkuh esa gS%
rtZek% dkfgyh dh cqfu;kn ij [kqys lj uekt+ i<+uk eD:g
gSA vxj vkftt+h o [kq'kw osQ rkSj ij ,slk fd;k rks dksbZ gtZ
ugha cfYd vPNk gSA ,slk gh 'kS[+kqy bLyke vcwy glu lx+nh
ls eud+wy gSA (eqg+hrs cqjgkuh&1] 377)
vybuk;k 'kjgqy fgnk;k esa gS%
rtZek% rhu diM+ksa rgcUn] deht+ vkSj vekek esa uekt+ i<+uk
eqLrgc gSA (vybuk;k&2] 447)
nqj#ygqDdke 'kjgs x+qj#y vgdke esa gS%
rtZek% lqLrh vkSj ykijokgh ls [kqys lj uekt+ i<+uk ed:g
gSA vxj bfUdlkjh osQ fy, gks rks ed:g ugha gSA (ckcqy
eD:gkr&1] 109)
gkfly dyke ;s gS fd vg+uki+Q osQ ut+nhd uekt+ esa lj
dks <+kiuk iQt+Z ;k okftc ugha] ysfdu ogkch vgys g+nhl]
vg+uki+Q ij bl ckr dh rqger yxkrs gSaA gd+hd+r ;s gS fd tc
fiQjd+&,&vgys g+nhl osQ ekMuZ ukStoku vkSj gV~èkeZ voke uaxs
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 19 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

lj uekt+ i<+rs gSa vkSj vgys lqUur osQ yksx mudks blls nwj
jgus dh ckr dgrs gSa rks og myVs mu gha ij loky Bksadrs
gSa fd D;k uekt+ esa Vksih yxuk iQt+Z ;k okftc gS\ efLtn osQ
vke eqDr+ nh ,slh dV~ gqTtrh djus okys ogkfc;ksa dks vius&vius
vankt+ esa gLcs gky le>krs cq>krs gSa vkSj mudh gV~èkehZ ij viuh
ukjkt+xh dk bt+gkj djrs gSAa njvly ;s ukjkt+xh mudh dV~gTq trh
vkSj g~VèkehZ dk urhtk gS] fd uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us dks xks;k og
lqUur le>rs gSAa vxj egt+ tkbt+ gksus dh otg ls og uaxs lj
uekt+ i<+us dh ft+n djrs gSa rks d+eht+ iguuk dgka okftc ;k
iQt+Z gS\ uekt+ esa l=k Nqikuk iQtZ gSA fliZQ ,d yqxa h ;k fliZQ
iktkek esa Hkh i<+uk tkbt+ gS] rks ,sls ekMuZ uekft+;ksa dks pkfg,
fd fliZQ ,d yqxa h ;k fliZQ iktkek igudj uekt+ i<+k djsAa
iktkek Hkh D;k okftc gS] ?kqVuksa rd dk ,d pM~Mk gh igu fy;k
djsAa cfYd oqQN yksxksa osQ ut+nhd jku Hkh Nqikuk okftc ugha rks
,d pM~Mh gh ij uekt+ vnk dj fy;k djsAa rgt+hcs iQjax dh
[kkeks'k rkbZn dk gquj lh[ksa dksbZ ogkch ekSyfo;ksa ls%
mEehns gwj us lc oqQN fl[kk j[kk gS okbt+ dks
;s gt+jr ns[kus esa lhèks lkns Hkksys Hkkys gSsa
lqfUu;ksa dks gnisQ eyker cukrs gq, ,d ogkch v+kfye
(vcw vnuku eksgEen equhj d+ej uokcqn~nhu) fy[krs gSa%
gekjs ;gk¡ bl flyflys esa cM+s r'kn~nqn (dV~VjiaFk) ls
dke fy;k tkrk gSA vxj dksbZ uaxs lj uekt+ i<+ ys rks mls
cM+h [k+'kexha vk¡[kksa (xqLls) ls rkM+k tkrk gS] tSls fd mlls
dksbZ cgqr gh f?kukouk tqeZ ljt+n gks x;k] vkSj ml 'k[+l dks
cM+k cqjk le>k tkrk gSA tSls fd mlus dksbZ xqukgs dchjk dk
,ykfu;k bfrZdkc dj fy;k gksA (Vksih o ixM+h ls ;k uaxs lj
uekt+ i`"B 7)
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 20 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

jkfd+e vtZ+ djrk gS fd uekt+ esa lqLrh o dkfgyh dh

cqfu;kn ij cfYd tku cw>dj mls ,d ekewyh eluwu r+jhd+k
le>dj uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk D;k cqjk v+ey ugha\ tc ogkfc;ksa
dks [kqn bd+jkj gS fd lqLrh o dkfgyh dh cqfu;kn ij uaxs
lj uekt+ i<+uk ukilanhnk v+ey gS rks D;k ukilanhnk v+ey
vPNk gksrk gS\ fiQj mlls ckt+ jgus dh ryd+hu djus ij
myVs ryd+hu djus okyksa ls my>ko djuk vkSj bL+ykg oQcwy
u djosQ gV~èkehZ ij mrj vkuk tSlk fd vkt dy osQ oqQN
vgys g+nhl ukStoku djrs gSa] D;k ;s vkSj Hkh cqjk ughaA vxj
,sls iSQ'ku ijLr vkSj dV~Vjokn vgys g+nhl ukStokuksa dks uaxs
lj uekt+ i<+us dh otg ls vgys lqUur osQ viQjkn [k'kexha
vk¡[kksa ls ns[krs gSa rks D;k cqjk djrs gSa\ bls f'kn~nr ilanh dguk
tekv+rh rvLlqc o cstk rjiQnkjh osQ lkFk&lkFk uaxs lj uekt+
i<+us okyksa dks [kqyh NwV nsuk vkSj ,d lqUur ls cst+kj djuk gSA
vgys g+nhl ekSyoh et+hn fy[krs gSa% oqQN yksx f'kn~nrs
bglkl esa bl gn~ rd eqCryk gks tkrs gSa fd ikl dksbZ jkseky
;k Vksih u gks vksj efLtn ls Hkh fdlh pht osQ e;Llj u vkus
ij deht+ osQ cVu [kksy ysrs gSa vksj dkyj mBk dj mls xys
dh ctk, lj ij j[k ysrs gSa rkfd lj uaxk u jgsA (,St+u)
jkfd+e (ys[kd) dgrk gS fd ogkch ekSyoh dh ;s eux<+r
ckr gSA vgys lqUur osQ yksx tc uekt+ dks vkrs gSa rks Vksih ;k
oqQN viQjkn #eky oxSjk lj ij j[kus osQ fy, lkFk ys vkrs
gSaA tks yksx uekt+ osQ ikcan gksrs gSa og vius ikl Vksih] #eky
Hkh j[krs gSaA vxj dHkh ,slk gks x;k fd Vksih ;k #eky oxS+jk
ykuk dksbZ 'k[+l Hkwy x;k rks fdlh nwljs uekt+h ls #eky ekax
ysrk gS vkSj oqQN u feyus dh lwjr esa uaxs lj uekt+ i<+ ysrk
gSA vkt rd ,slk dksbZ O;fDr ut+j ugha vk;k ftlus Vksih oxSjk
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 21 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

u feyus dh lwjr esa vius oqQjrsZ dk dk dkyj mBkdj lj ij

j[k fy;k gks vkSj ;s eqfEdu Hkh ugha fd oqQrsZ dk dkyj mBkdj
lj ij j[k fy;k tk, vkSj mls lj ij j[kdj uekt+ i<+h tk,A
ogkch ekSyoh us tks oqQN fy[kk gS og yksxksa dks xqEjkg djus osQ
fy, gSA ;s mudk ,d eux<+r eÝ+:t+k gS] ftldk g+d+hd+r ls
dksbZ rkYyqd+ ughaA vxj eku Hkh fy;k tk, fd fdlh 'k[+l us
viuh ykbYeh vkSj uknkuh ls ,slk fd;k gh gks rks D;k mlosQ
bl v+ey dks nyhy cukdj vgys lqUur dks yv+u rv+u djuk
nq#Lr gS vkSj ;s dguk lg+hg+ gS fd vgys lqUur osQ yksx uekt+
esa lj <k¡ius dks okftc le>rs gSa\ fdlh ,d tkfgy vkneh
osQ v+ey dks ns[kdj mls vgys lqUur osQ myek vkSj ft+Eesnkj
viQjkn dk v+ey d+jkj nsuk dkSulh n;kurnkjh gS\
ckr nj vly ;s gS fd vgys g+nhl tks oqQN dgrs gSa
og fo'ks"k rkSj rj vg+uki+Q dh nq'euh esa dgrs gSaA pqukaps ,d
vgys g+nhl v+kfye us viuh gh tekv+r osQ cM+s v+kfye 'kS[k+
ukfl#n~nhu vyckuh ij blfy, ukjkt+xh t+kfgj dh gS fd uaxs
lj i<+us dh djkgr osQ elys esa mudk ogh ekSd+iQ gS tks
vg+uki+Q dk gSA
nsf[k, 'kS[k+ vcw [k+kfyn lqYyeh ,d loky osQ tokc esa
fy[krs gSa%
rtZek% esjk bjknk ;s gS fd ;gka ij viuh jk; is'k d:¡ tks
eqgfn~nls 'kke beke eksgEen ukls#n~nhu vyckuh dh jk; ls
eq[+rfyiQ+ gSA mudh jk; ;s gS fd uekt+ esa lj dks uaxk j[kuk
eD:g (?k`f.kr) gSA mudk roZQ ;s gS fd ;s vxyksa (lyiQ) osQ
ut+nhd vPNh fLFkfr ughaA ;s vtuch fLFkfr dkfiQjksa ls bLykeh
'kgjksa esa vkbZ gSA vyckuh us ml g+nhl dks t+bZiQ (lun osQ
vkèkkj ij tks dEt+ksj gks) dgk gS] ftls bCus vlkfdj us bCus
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 22 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

vCckl jft+;Yykgq vUgq ls fjok;r dh gS fd jlwy lyYYkkgks

vySfg olYye us dHkh dHkkj viuh Vksih dks mrkjdj lkeus
lq=kk (uekt+ osQ fy, inkZ) cuk fy;kA vki mudh iwjh ckr
rekeqyfeUUg i`"B 164&165 esa ns[ksaA vyckuh dh rjg eqrk[+[ksjhus
vg+uki+Q (ckn osQ guiQh fo}kuksa) Hkh [kqys lj uekt+ dks eD:g
dgrs gSaA cfYd fgUnksikd osQ yksx ml O;fDr osQ lj ij pir
yxkrs gSa tks [kqys lj uekt+ i<+rk gS] vkSj cM+h ukilanhnxh osQ
lkFk mlosQ lj ij dksbZ diM+k j[k nsrs gSaA eSa vkSj esjs v+ykok
nwljs yksxksa dk Hkh ekuuk gS fd 'kS[k+ vyckuh ckoqtwn blosQ
fd mUgsa guiQh fi+QD+g esa riQD+dqg de gS] mudk >qdko ges'kk
vfèkdka'k elkby esa vg+uki+Q osQ vd+oky (ckrksa) dh rjiQ
jgrk gSA gekjs oqQN vgckc us gufiQ;krs vyckuh (og guiQh
elkby ftUgsa vyckuh us rLyhe fd;k gS) dks bDV~Bk djus
dh dksf'k'k dh gSA ge tYn gh viuh osclkbV ij ,d 'kh"kZd
tkjh djsaxs rkfd gufiQ;krs vyckuh osQ fo"k; ij fopkj&foe'kZ
osQ fy, yksx blesa fgLlk ysa vkSj tgka rd gks losQ mu elkby
dks tek fd;k tk,A (vj'khiQ eqYrd+k vgys g+nhl 64&94]
cgokyk edrc&,&'kkfeyk)
ikBd dks vanktk+ gks x;k gksxk fd i{kikriw.kZ vgys g+nhl
ekSyfo;ksa dks vg+uki+Q ls fdruk n~os"k o nq'euh gSA ;s vgys
g+nhl ekSyoh vius eksgfn~nl o beke ij fliZQ bl otg ls xqjkZ
jgs gSa fd mUgksaus uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us osQ elys esa guhfiQ;ksa dk
leFkZu fd;k gSA
uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us ls uekt+ iQkfln ugha gksrh (ugha VwVrh)]
bldk ;s eryc ugha fd yksxksa dks uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us ij
izksRlkfgr fd;k tk;A gekjk eqUosQjhu (vgys g+nhl) ls erHksn
bl ckr ij gS fd og uaxs lj uekt+ vnk djus dk ukStokuksa dks
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 23 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

xks;k c<+kok nsrs gSaA ;gh otg gS fd vgys g+nhl dh efLtn esa
gj uekt+ esa oqQN yksx uaxs lj uekt+ vnk djrs gq, ut+j vkrs
gSaA D+;kes gSnkjkckn osQ nkSjku jkfd+e (ys[kd) us dbZ efLtnksa esa
[kqn viuh vka[kksa ls bldk eq'kkgnk (fujh{k.k) fd;k gSA vgys
lqUur o tekv+r osQ yksx uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us dks f[k+ykisQ lqUur
le>rs gSa] blfy, blls [kqn Hkh ijgst+ djrs gSa vkSj nwljksa dks
Hkh ijgst+ djus dh fgnk;r nsrs gSaA tks yksx uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us
dks viuh v+knr cukrs gSa vkSj blesa oqQN gtZ ugha le>rs mUgsa
vgys lqUur o tekv+r osQ yksx le>kus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSa]
vxj og ugha ekurs vkSj vius bl f[k+ykisQ lqUur v+ey gh
dks lghg le>rs gSa vkSj bl ij dV~ gqTtrh djrs gSa rks vgys
lqUur mldks cqjk le>rs gSa] ysfdu ogkfc;k bldks f'kn~nr
ilanh (pjeiaFk) dgrs gSaA D;k f[k+ykisQ lqUur v+ey ogkfc;k
osQ ut+nhd cqjk ugha vkSj D;k dksbZ 'k[+l f[k+ykisQ lqUur v+ey
dks gh lghg le>s vkSj mlh ij [kqn pys vkSj nwljksa dks pyk,
rks mls cqjk le>uk vkSj ml ij ukjkt+xh O;Dr djuk 'kjh;r
dh n`f"V ls x+yr gS\
,d ogkch ekSyoh lkgc viuh tekv+r (yqRiQ dh ckr ;s
gS fd mUgksaus us viuh tekv+r dks vgys lqUur ls [kkfjt fy[kk
gSA) dk ekSd+iQ c;ku djrs gq, fy[krs gSa%
¶rhljk fxjksg vygs g+nhl dk gS ftuosQ ut+nhd uaxs lj
uekt+ rks gks tkrh gS] fo'ks"k rkSj ij tc ;s crkSjs t+:jr gksA
ysfdu egt+ lqLrh o ykijokgh dh fcuk ij uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us
dks iSQ'ku gh cuk ysuk] mls og Hkh ialn ugha djrsA cfYd
g+ufi+Q;ksa dh rjg bl lwjr dks og Hkh xSj eqLrglu (Bhd ugha)
;k eD:g o ukilanhnk d+jkj nsrs gSaA (Vksih o ixM+h ls ;k uaxs
lj uekt+ i`"B&19)
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 24 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

tc uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us dks g+ufi+Q;ksa dh rjg vgys g+nhl

gt+jkr Hkh uilanhnk o eD:g le>rs gSa rks fiQj bl elys esa
vgys lqUur ij og xjtrs vkSj cjlrs D;ksa gSa\ vgys g+nhl
ukStokuksa esa bldk fjokt izfrfnu c<+rk tk jgk gS] ogkch myek
mUgsa blls jksdrs D;ksa ugha gS\ vxj vgys lqUur osQ yksx mUgsa
jksdrs gSa rks lqèkkj izkIr djus osQ ctk, og ;s dgrs gSa fd D;k
blls uekt+ ugha gksrh\ tc uekt+ gks tkrh gS rks fiQj D;ksa u
i<+sa\ blls vankt+k gksrk gS fd ogkch ekSyoh mUgsa bldh NwV
nsrs gSa] oukZ og cgl ugha djrsA
izfl¼ vgys g+nhl v+kfye ekSykuk lS;n eksgEen nkmQn
x+T+kuoh dk ,d iQRok lkIrkfgd ^vy&,srslke* if=kdk ykgkSj
ftYn&11] ozQekad 18 esa izdkf'kr gqvk gSA mlesa og fy[krs gSa%
¶vxj iSQ'ku dh otg ls uaxs lj uekt+ i<+h rks eD:g gksxhA
vkSj vkftt+h o fouezrk ;k vius vkidks dErj vkadus osQ
[+;ky ls (uaxs lj) i<+h rks ;s ulkjk osQ lkFk r'kCcqg (bZlkb;ksa
dh rjg) gksxkA¸
lqLrh o vkyL; dh fcuk ij uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk eD:g
gS blls rks gesa bRrsiQkd+ gS ysfdu vkftt+h osQ rkSj ij i<+us
esa ulkjk osQ lkFk r'kCcqg gS blosQ lqcwr ij ekSykuk x+T+uoh
lkgc us dksbZ nyhy is'k ugha dh] blfy, ekSykuk dk ;s viuk
t+krh [+;ky gSA vc ge eqUosQjhu osQ nykby (roZQ) vkSj muosQ
tokckr dks foLrkj ls mYys[k djrs gSa%

eqUdsjhu ds 'kqCgkr vkSj muds tokckr

'kqcg ua- 1% eqUosQjhu us vius ekSd+iQ+ osQ lqcwr ij gt+jr bCus
vCckl jt+hvYykg vUgq dh bl fjok;r dks is'k fd;k gS
ftldks bCus eatw+j vi+Qjhd+h us mYys[k fd;k gS%
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 25 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

rtZek% jlwy lyYykgks vySfg olYye us uekt+ i<+rs oD+r

dHkh&dHkkj viuh Vksih dks mrkj dj vius lkeus lq=kk cuk
fy;k (inkZ) (eq[+rlj rkjh[k+ fne'd&2] 364)
'kqcg dk tokc% rkjh[k+s nfe'd+ esa ;s fjok;r ugha feyh]
eq[+rl+j rkjh[k+s nfe'd+ esa bCus eatwj us bls ntZ fd;k gSA eqYyk
vyh d+kjh] fl;wr+h] twcSnh oxS+jk us bldks bCu vlkfdj osQ
gokys ls ft+ozQ fd;k gSA lcus gt+jrs bCus vCckl jt+hvYykg
vUgq ls fjok;r dh gS ysfdu fdlh us mldh lun ft+ozQ ugha
dhA bl g+nhl dh u dksbZ eqrkcs (lgk;d) fjok;r gS vkSj u
'kkfgn] cfYd lg+hg+ vgknhl blosQ f[k+ykiQ gSaA l+g+hg+ vgknhl
ls lkfcr gS fd gqtwj vekek ;k Vksih osQ lkFk uekt+ vnk
iQjekrs FksA gt+jr bCus vCckl jft+;Yykgq vUgqek dh tkfuc
ealwc ;s g+nhl cslun Hkh gS vkSj mldk eru ('kCn) vgknhls
l+g+hg+k osQ myV Hkh] fygkt+k bl g+nhl ls ;s nyhy idM+uk
x+yr+ gS fd gqtwj lyYykgks vySfg olYye uaxs lj uekt+ vnk
iQjekrs Fks fygkt+k fcyk djkgr uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk tkbt+ gSA
of.kZr g+nhl osQ rkYyqd+ ls myek osQ [+;kykr mYys[k fd;s
tkrs gSa%
bCuqLlqc+dh us dgk% (rtZek) ¶eSaus bldh lun ugha ikbZ¸
(r[+jht vgknhl vg~;k, myweqn~nhu&3] i`"B 1452)
tS+uqn~nhu bCuqybjkd+h us ;s g+nhl vkSj ,d nwljh g+nhl uD+y
djus osQ ckn nksuksa osQ rkYyqd+ ls fy[kk% (rtZek) ¶nksuksa dh
lun t+bZiQ gS¸ (r[+jht vgknhl vg~;k,&1] i`"B 861)
e'kgwj vgys g+nhl v+kfye 'kS[k+ ukls#n~nhu vyckuh fy[krs
gSa%
rtZek% mYys[k fd;s x, g+nhl dks bl ckr dh nyhy cukuk
l+ghg ugha fd uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk eD:g ughaA bldh nks
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 26 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj
otgsa gSaA ,d ;s gS fd ;s g+nhl t+bZiQ gSA mlosQ t+bZiQ gksus dh
;gh nyhy dkiQh gS fd bldks bCus vlkfdj osQ flok fdlh
us fjok;r ugha fd;k gSA eSaus blosQ det+ksj gksus osQ dkj.k dks
flyflyrqy vgknhlqT+tbZiQk 2538 esa Li"V dj fn;k gSA nwljk
dkj.k ;s gS fd vxj ;s g+nhl lghg gks fiQj Hkh blls ;s lkfcr
ugha gksrk fd ges'kk vkSj fcyk t+:jr uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk cx+jS
djkgr osQ tkbt+ gSA D;ksfa d bl g+nhl ls ;s t+kfgj gksrk gS fd
dHkh vxj lq=kk (vkMZ) osQ fy, dksbZ pht+ izkIr ugha gqbZ rks vki
lyYykgks vySfg olYye us Vksih dks lkeus j[k fy;kA D;ksafd
lq=kk cukuk T+;knk vge gS] blfy, fd bl rkYyqd+ ls vgknhl
okfjn gSaA (rekeqyfeUUkg iQh rkyhosQ+ fiQfDgLlqUkg&1] 164)
e'kgwj vgys g+nhl vkfye 'kS[k+ vCnqjZgeku eqckjdiqjh
fy[krs gSa%
rtZek% gt+jr bCus vCckl jft+;Yykgq vUgq dh fjok;r dh
lun eq>s ekywe ughaA fygkt+k irk ugha ;s nyhy cuus osQ
d+kfcy gS Hkh ;k ughaA (rqgiQrqy vg+ot+h&5] 393)
[kqlyklk ;s gS fd gt+jr bCu vCckl jt+hvYYkkgq vUgqek
dh g+nhl cs lun vkSj det+ksj (t+bZiQ) gksus dh otg ls eqLun
l+g+hg+ vgknhl o vklkj osQ eqd+kcys esa d+kfcys gqTtr ugha]
vkSj mldks l+g+hg+ eku Hkh fy;k tk, rks Hkh blls ;g lkfcr
ugha gksrk fd cxSj fdlh vge dkj.k osQ lqLrh o dkfgyh ;k
iSQ'ku osQ rkSj ij uUxs lj uekt+ i<+uk fcuk djkgr osQ tkbt+
gSA gqtwj us dHkh ,slk D;k gksxk fd dksbZ equkflc pht+ lq=kk osQ
fy, ugha feyh gks rks bl ed+ln ls Vksih dks gh lkeus j[k
fn;k gksxk fd dksbZ xqt+jus okyk csèkM+d lkeus ls u xqt+j tk,A
tc xqt+jus okyk lkeus Vksih dks ns[ksxk rks lkeus ls u xqt+jsxkA
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 27 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

bldk ;s eryc ugha fd Vksih lq=kk cu ldrh gSA vkSj ;s ugha

fd vc yksx lj ls Vksih mrkjdj mlh dks lq=kk cukus yxsaA
'kqcg ua- 2% rtZek% gels g+nhl c;ku dh vCnqYykg fcu
eksgEen t+qgjh us] mUgksaus dgk ge ls g+nhl c;ku dh lqfiQ;ku
fcu m+,suk us] mUgksaus dgk eSaus 'kjhd dks ns[kk] mUgksaus vlj osQ
oD+r ,d tukt+s dh uekt+ i<+kbZ rks viuh Vksih dks mrkj dj
vius lkeus j[k fn;kA (lquus vch nkmQn 1@451)
'kjhd us yksxksa dks uekt+s tukt+k i<+kbZ rks uUxs ljA D;ksafd
mUgksaus viuh Vksih dks mrkj dj lkeus j[k fn;k FkkA blls ekywe
gqvk fd uUxs lj uekt+ i<+uk eD:g ughaA
'kqcg dk tokc% viuh rjiQ ls oqQN dgus ls csgrj ;s gS fd
[kqn vgys g+nhl o ogkch v+kfye dh ckr gh bl 'kqcg osQ
tokc esa uD+y dj nh tk,A tekvrs vgys g+nhl osQ eksv+rcj
v+kfye ekSykuk bLekbZy lyiQh lkgc us bl nyhy dks dbZ
dkj.kksa ls ckfr+y (x+yr) d+jkj nsrs gq, ;s fy[kk%
izFke dkj.k& (;s nyhy ckfry gS) blfy, fd ;s u rks ejiwQ
g+nhl (uch dh gnhl) gS fd blesa uch;s vdje lyYykgks
vySfg olYye dk dksbZ v+ey c;ku gqvk gks vkSj u gh ;s
fdlh lgkch dk vlj (lgkch dh ckr ;k dke) gS] cfYd ;s
lgkck osQ ckn okyksa esa ls fdlh dk vlj gSA
f}fr; dkj.k% ;s fd ;s Hkh ekywe ugha fd ;s 'kjhd dkSu cqtxq Z
gS]a 'kjhd fcu vCnqYykg fcu vch uej rkcbZ gSa ;k fd 'kjhd fcu
vCnqYykg rcs rkcbZ (rkcbZ osQ ckn) gSa vkSj bu nksuksa esa pkgs dksbZ
Hkh D;ksa u gks nksuksa esa gh deks cs'k det+kjs h (t+kv
s iQ) ik;h tkrh gSA
fygkt+k ;s vlj Hkh t+biZ Q gqvk vkSj fiQj ;s fd ;s mudk v+ey gS
tks fdlh rjg d+kfcys gqTtr (nyhy cukus ykbd+) ughaA
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 28 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

r`rh; dkj.k% blfy, Hkh bl vlj dks nyhy ugha cuk;k tk

ldrk fd beke vcw nkmQn us bl vlj ([k+cj) dks viuh
lquu osQ ¶ckcqy[+kr+ bt+k ye ;wtn vlk¸ osQ rgr okfjn fd;k
gS fd tc vlk u gks rks lq=kk osQ fy, ydhj [khapus dk C;kuA
beke lkgc osQ vankt+s c;ku ls t+kfgj gksrk gS fd ;gka fdlh
vge dkj.ko'k lj uaxk j[kk x;k gS D;ksafd tc mUgsa lq=kk osQ
fy, dksb pht+ ugha feyh rks mUgksaus lq=kk dk dke Vksih ls ys
fy;kA t+:jr vkSj mt+z ls lj uaxk j[kk tk, rks blesa cgl ughaA
cgl blesa gS fd iSQ'ku vkSj v+knr osQ rkSj ij uekt+ esa lj
uUxk j[kuk dgka rd nq#Lr gS\ (c&gokyk Vksih ;k ixM+h ls
;k uUxs lj uekt+ i`-29)
ekSykuk bLekbZy lYiQh lkgc dh et+owQjk lkjh ckrksa ls
vg+uki+Q dks bÙksiQkd ugha vg+uki+Q osQ ut+nhd u Vksih lq=kk cu
ldrh gS vksj u gh dksbZ [k+r (ydhj) D;ksafd lghg vgknhl
esa dtkok (eqv[+[kjrqjZgy) ftldh yEckbZ ,d x+t+ ls de
ugha gksrh Fkh] ls NksVh fdlh pht+ dks lq=kk cukus dk ft+ozQ ughaA
;gk¡ ij ekSykuk bLekbZy lyiQh dh ckr dks blfy, uD+y fd;k
x;k gS fd mUgksaus Hkh vljs et+owQj dks fcyk t+:jr uUxs lj
uekt+ i<+us dh nyhy ugha ekuk gS vkSj vljs ([kc+j) et+owQjk
ls fcyk djkgr uUxs lj uekt+ i<+us osQ tokt+ ij bfLrnyky
dks ckfry d+jkj fn;k gSA fygkt+k bu ekMuZ vgys g+nhl ogkch
gt+jkr dks vgys lqUur osQ mysek dh u lgh vius gh v+kfye
dh ckr eku ysuh pkfg, vkSj uUxs lj uekt+ i<+us dh v+knr
NksM+ nsuh pkfg,A
'kqcg ua- 3% bCus vnh us vydkfey esa ;s ejiwQv g+nhl ft+ozQ
dh gS%
rtZek% gels g+nhl c;ku dh glu fcu lqfiQ;ku us] mUgksaus
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 29 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

dgk ge ls g+nhl c;ku dh gehn fcu oqQrScg us] mUgksaus dgk

ge ls g+nhl c;ku dh vcw vÕ;wc nfe'dh us] mUgksaus dgk
fd gels g+nhl c;ku dh cfd+;k us] mUgksaus dgk fd ge ls
g+nhl c;ku dh eqcf''kj fcu mcSn us mugksaus gde fcu mrSck
ls] mUgksaus vCnqjZgeku fcu vch ySyk ls] mUgksaus gt+jr vyh
fcu vch r+kfyc jt+h vYykgq vUgq ls mUgksaus jlwy lyYykgks
vySfg olYye lsA vkius iQjek;k% rqe efLtn esa vkvks uaxs
lj vkSj ljksa dks <+k¡i dj] ;d+huu vekes eqlyekuksa osQ rkt gSaA
(vydkfey----8@164)
'kqcg dk tokc% ;s g+nhl d+kfcys bfLrn~yky (nyhy cuus osQ
ykbd+) ughaA bldk jkoh eqcf''kj fcu mcSn owQiQh (e`R;q lky
170 fg-) et:g (nks"kh) gSA [kqn bCus vnh us bldks okgh
(l[+r det+kj) d+jkj fn;k gS vkSj mldh nl eqUdj (cgqr
det+ksj) vg+knhl ft+ozQ dh gSa muesa ls ;s g+nhl Hkh gSA
 t+gch fy[krs gSa% rtZqek bCu vnh us eqcf''kj dks okgh
(l[+r t+bZiQ) dgkA vkSj mudh nl eqUdj vgknhl dks
ft+ozQ fd;k gSA (rkjh[+kqy bLyke 4@490)
 [kqn bCu vnh fy[krs gS%
rtZqek% eSaus bczkghe fcu nqghe dks dgrs gq, lquk] mUgksaus dgk
fd eSaus eksgEen fcu vkSiQ dks dgrs gq, lquk] mUgksaus dgk
fd eSaus vgen fcu gEcy dks iQjekrs gq, lqukA eqcf''kj fcu
mcSn gEl+ esa eqd+he Fks vkSj owQiQk (cx+nkn osQ ,d LFkku dk
uke) dk jgus okys FksA esjk [+;ky gS fd buls cfd+;k vksj
vcqy eqx+hjk us fjok;r dh gSA mudks vgknhl ekStw] >wV gSaA
(vydkfey 8@161)
 beke cq[+kkjh us iQjek;k% eqcf''kj fcu mcSn eqUd#y g+nhl
FksA (,st+u)
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 30 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

t+cgh
 us iQjek;k fd eqcf''kj fdjkvrs oqQjku esa bf'rx+ky
(oqQjku i<+us esa e'kxwy jgrs Fks) j[krs Fks vkSj t+Cr g+nhl
(g+nhl ;kn djus) ls x+kfiQy gks x, FksA (eht+kuqy ,rsnky
3@433)
 nkjsoqQR+uh us iQjek;k% er:d (rkjh[k+qy bLyke 4@490)
 bCus gCcku us dgk% rtZek& eqcf''kj fcu mcSn us fld+g
jkfo;ksa ls ekStw+ fjok;kr fjok;r dh gSA mudh g+nhl dks
fy[kuk gyky ugha] exj rkTtqc osQ rkSj ij (bdeky
rgt+hcqy deky 11@62)
 vcw gkfre us dgk% t+bZiqQy g+nhlA
 tkst+dkuh us dgk% er#oqQy g+nhl
 vcw vgen gkfde us dgk% rtZek& mudh g+nhl nq#Lr
ughaA
 ;g~;k fcu eksbZu us t+bZiQ dgk (bdeky rgt+hcqy deky
11@63)
gkflys dyke ;s gS fd g+nhls et+owQj ukd+kfcys bfLrukn gS]
D;ksfd og eqUdj cfYd oqQN ukosQnhu osQ eqrkfcd+ ekStw (x<+h
gqbZ) gSA ogkch xS+j eqd+fYyn vkfye 'kS[+k vyckuh us iSQt+qy
d+nhj fyyequkoh osQ gkf'k;s esa mldks ekStw fy[kk gSA fygkt+k
blls ;s lkfcr djuk fd uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk fcyk djkgr
tkbt+ gS] nq#Lr ughaA
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 31 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk f[kykQs lqUur& mysek&,&vgys

g+nhl ds vd+oky
izeq[k vgys g+nhl èkeZxq: eqfgCcqYykg jk'nh flaèkh dk ys[k
ftldks vgys g+nhl osQ rtZeku lkIrkfgd if=kdk ^vy,rslke
ykgkSj* us izdkf'kr fd;k Fkk fiQj ckn esa bls ckt+kcrk fdrkc
dh 'kDy esa izdkf'kr fd;k x;k gSA mlesa og fy[krs gSa%
vgknhl dh ryk'k ls ekywe gksrk gS fd vkagtjr lyYykgks
vySfg olYye vkSj lgkc&,&fdjke lj ij ;k rks vekek ckaèks
jgrs ;k lj ij Vksfi;ka gksrh FkhaA jkfoQeqy gq:iQ (ys[kd) osQ
bYe dh g~n rd flok;s gt o mejk osQ dksbZ ,slh lghg+ g+nhl
ns[kus esa ugha vkbZ ftlesa ;s gks fd vkagt+jr lyYykgks vySfg
olYye uaxs lj ?kwers fiQjrs (pyrs&fiQjrs) Fks ;k dHkh ljs
eqckjd ij vekek oxSjk Fkk] ysfdu efLtn esa vkdj vekek
mrkj dj j[k fy;k vkSj uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uh 'kq: dhA fdlh
eqg+rje nksLr dh ut+j esa ,slh dksbZ g+nhl gks rks t+:j eqLriQhn
fd;k tk,A (uekt+ esa lj <akius dk elyk 3]4)

'kS[+k fcu ckt+ dk QRok

izfl¼ vgys g+nhl èkeZxq: 'kS[k+ vCnqy vt+ht fcu ckt+ ls
iQRok iwNk x;kA
rtZqek% D;k ;s tkbt+ gS fd eSa uaxs lj cxSj vekek osQ tqek
dk [kqRck nw¡ vkSj uekft+;ksa dh beker d:¡\ iQRok ls uokt+saA
vYykg vkidks cnyk (vtz) nsxkA
bldk tokc nsrs gq, bCus ckt+ fy[krs gSa%
rtZek% vekek eqLrgc gSA ;s t+hur gS vYykg dk iQjeku gS%
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 32 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

gj uekt+ osQ oD+r t+hur bf[+r;kj djksA vekek uekt+ osQ fy,
'krZ ughA fygkt+k cxS+j vekek osQ uekt+ i<+h rks t+jj (uqDlku)
ugha (iQkfln ugha gksxh) ,gjke okyk [kqys lj uekt+ i<+sxk
vkSj lkjs ,gjke okys enZ ,slk gh djsaxsA vekek t+hur gSA tc
cxS+j vekek osQ uekt+ i<+s ;k [kqRck ns rks [kqRck lg+hg+ vkSj
uekt+ lghg gksxh ysfdu viQt+y ogh gS tks gekjs jc tYyk
o vyk osQ bj'kkn ls lkfcr gksrk gSA (,s vkne dh vkSykn rqe
gj uekt+ osQ oD+r t+hur bf[+r;kj djks)A (etewvk iQrkok fcu
ckt+ 30@254)A

'kS[k+ mlSehu ds QRos dk rud+hnh tk;t+k

vgys g+nhl ogkfc;ksa osQ izfl¼ eqÝrh 'kS[k+ lkysg mlSehu
ls loky fd;k x;k% rtZek&D;k beke osQ fy, nq#Lr gS fd
yksxksa dks uaxs lj uekt+ i<+k;s\ mlosQ tokc esa fy[krs gSa%
rtZek% gk¡! beke osQ fy, tk;t+ gS fd og yksxksa dks uaxs lj
uekt+ i<+k;s] D;ksafd lj dks Nqikuk uekt+ dh 'krk±s esa ls ughaA
ysfdu beke vxj ,slh dkSe esa gks ftldh v+knr ;s gks fd
mlosQ viQjkn lj Nqikus dk fyckl Hkh bLrseky djrs gksa rks
beke lj dks Nqik,A D;ksafd vYykg rvkyk dk bj'kkn gS% ¶gj
uekt+ osQ oD+r t+hur bf[+r;kj djks¸ ;gk¡ ij t+hur lj osQ
fyckl vkSj cnu osQ fyckl nksuksa dks 'kkfey gSA blh rjg vxj
eqD+rnh ;k eqUiQfjn (,osQyk 'k[+l) uUxs lj uekt+ i<+s rks dksbZ
gtZ ughaA (etewvk iQrkok bCu mlSehu 17@451)
'kS[k+ mlSehu tSlk iQRok nsus dk vankt+ bf[+r;kj djus okys
oqQN vgys g+nhl v+kfyeksa osQ iQRoksa ls gh vgys g+nhl ukStokuksa
dks uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us dh NwV feyrh gSA pqukUps og uaxs lj
uekt+ i<+us dh ,slh v+knr cuk ysrs gSa xks;k uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 33 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

gh lqUur gSA 'kS[+k mlSehu us vius iQRos eas ;s ugha fy[kk fd

tkbt+ rks gS ysfdu eD:g] f[kykisQ vnc o f[kykiQs lqUur gSA
fygkt+k uaxs lj ugha i<+uk pkfg, cfYd tkbt+ fy[kk vkSj lkFk
gh lkFk ;s Hkh fy[k fn;k fd blesa dksbZ gtZ ughaA tc 'kS[k+
mlSehu osQ cd+kSy blesa dksbZ d+ckgr (uqD+lku) ugha rks vgys
g+nhl ekMuZ ukStoku ogh dj jgs gSaA
'kS[k+ mlSehu us ;s Hkh fy[kk fd ysfdu beke vxj ,slh
dkSe esa gks fd mudh v+knr] fyckl ls lj <k¡iuk gks rks beke
lj <k¡idj uekt+ i<+k;sA blls ;s ykft+e vkrk gS fd vxj beke
,sls yksxksa esa gks tks lj <k¡ius dks t+hur u le>rs gksa cfYd
lj dks [kqyk j[kuk gh muosQ ut+nhd t+hur gks tSlk fd ekMuZ
ukStoku le>rs gSa rks ,sls yksxksa esa beke dks uaxs lj uekt+
i<+kuk pkfg,A D;ksafd ogk¡ lj [kqyk j[kuk gh t+hur gSA u tkus
;s bfTrgknh ckr 'kS[+k lkgc us dgk ls <aw< fudkyh gS\
'kkjsv+ vySfgLlyke vkSj vkiosQ vlgkc us uekt+ esa cfYd
vke gkykr esa vekek o Vksih dks eqlyekuksa osQ fy, t+hur
d+jkj fn;k gS rks fcyk fdlh rÝ+jhd+ osQ eqlyekuksa osQ fy, ;s
t+hur gS] mls bf[+r;kj djuk pkfg,A fo'ks"k rkSj ij gkyrs uekt+
esa eqlyekuksa dks t+hur bf[+r;kj djus dh rjx+hc nh xbZ gS rks
vke gkykr esa u lgh de ls de gkyrs uekt+ esa eqlyekuksa
dks Vksih ;k vekek iguuk pkfg,A ;gh uch;s djhe lyYykgks
vySfg olYye vkSj lgkc&,&fdjke jft+;Yykgq vUgqe dh
lqUur gSA pkgs beke gks ;k eqD+rnh ;k eqUiQfjn (vosQyk)A
ysfdu 'kS[k+ mlSehu lkgc us ;s 'kks'kk dgka ls fudkyk fd
vxj beke ,sls yksxksa esa gks fd Vksih ;k vekek ls lj <k¡iuk
mudh v+knr gks rks beke dks lj <k¡idj uekt+ i<+kuh pkfg,
vkSj lj dks <k¡iuk ftudh v+knr u gks mudks uaxs lj uekt+
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 34 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

i<+kuk pkfg,A 'kS[k+ lkgc osQ vankt+ ls rks ;s t+kfgj gks jgk gS
fd vxj muls dksbZ ;s loky djrk fd eSa cxS+j oqQrkZ osQ fliZQ
iktkek igudj uekt+ i<+kmQa rks tkbt+ gS ;k ugha\ rks 'kS[k+
lkgc dk tokc Hkh 'kk;n ;w¡ gksrk%
¶gk¡ tkbt+ gSA D;ksafd lj ls ysdj ukiQ rd Nqikuk uekt+
osQ 'kjkbr+ esa ls ughaA gk¡ beke vxj ,sls yksxksa esa gks ftudh
v+knr gks fd og lj vkSj daèks ls ysdj ukiQ rd fyckl ls
Nqikrs gSa rks beke dks oqQrkZ igudj uekt+ i<+kuk pkfg,A vxj
cx+Sj oqQrkZ osQ fliZQ iktkek igudj uekt+ i<+s [+okg beke gks
;k eqD+rnh ;k eqUiQfjn rks dksbZ gtZ ugha¸
vxj fdlh osQ loky ij 'kS[k+ mlSehu lkgc dk ;s iQRok
gksrk rks 'kk;n vgys g+nhl dh efLtnksa esa uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us
okys uekft+;ksa osQ njfe;ku fliZQ iktkek ;k yqaxh esa eycwl nks
pkj nsgkrh vgys g+nhl Hkh ut+j vkus yxrs vkSj èkhjs&èkhjs mudh
la[;k c<+rh tkrhA lp gS%
xj geha eqÝ+rh geha iQRok dkjs bÝ+rk reke [kkgn 'kqn
(vxj ,slk gh iQrok vkSj eqÝrh gks rks fiQj iQRok dk [kqnk gh
gkfi+Qt+ gS)

'kS[+k vyckuh dk QRok

uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us dh djkgr osQ elys esa vgys g+nhl osQ
'kS[+k vyckuh] vg+uki+Q osQ lkFk gSa] blfy, oqQN myek&,&vgys
g+nhl us mu ij eyker dh gSA bl elys esa 'kS[+k vyckuh dk
ut+fj;k 'kS[+k mlSehu osQ ut+fj;s ls vyx gSA
'kS[k+ vyckuh fy[krs gSa%
rtZek% bl elys esa gekjh jk; ;s gS fd uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk
eD:g gSA D;ksafd ;s ckr eqlYye gS fd eqlyeku lcls
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 35 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

dkfey bLykeh r+jhosQ ij uekt+ es nkf[k+y gks] ;s eqLrg+c

gS ml g+nhl dh fcuk ij tks fdrkc esa igys xqt+jhA ;d+huh
rkSj ij vYykg rvkyk lcls T+;knk bl ckr dk eqLrfg+d+ gS
fd mlosQ njckj esa t+hur bf[+r;kj dh tk, vkSj vlykiQ osQ
miZQ esa uaxs lj jguk vPNh gkyr ugha ekuh tkrhA blh izdkj
jkLrksa esa pyuk vkSj bcknr dh tgxksa esa uaxs lj nkf[k+y gksuk
vPNk ughA cfyd ;s vtuch gkyr cgqr ls eqfLye ns'k esa
ml oD+r nkf[k+y gqbZ tc fd ogka dkfiQjksa dh vken gqbZA og
viuh cqjh v+knrsa eqfLye ns'kksa esa [khap yk, vkSj eqlyeku muosQ
f'k"; gks x,A eqlyekuksa us mu dkfiQjksa dh v+knrksa dh rd+yhn
(vuqdj.k) djosQ vius bLykeh O;fDrRo dks u"V dj fn;kA rks
ckn esa vkus okyh ;s gkyr bl yk;d+ ugha fd mlosQ eqd+kfcys
esa iwoZ (bLykeh) ijEijkvksa dks NksM+ fn;k tk,A fdlh Hkh gky
esa mldks uaxs lj uekt+ izkjaHk djus osQ tokt+ dh nyhy u
cuk;k tk,A (fiQD+gqLLkqUur&1@164)A
ikBdx.k! t+jk è;ku ls ns[ksa] e'kgwj x+Sj eqdfYyn vgys
g+nhl v+kfye 'kS[+k ukls#n~nhu vyckuh lkgc ;s dg jgs gSa fd
uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk eD:g vkSj bLykeh ijEijk osQ f[kykiQ gSA
ysfdu xS+j eqd+Yysnhu gh osQ eqÝrh 'kS[k+ mlSehu dgrs gSa fd uaxs
lj uekt+ i<+uk tkbt+ gSA blesa dksbZ gtZ ughaA xS+j eqd+Yysnhu
gh ls iSQlyk r+yc fd;k tk, fd buosQ nksuksa eqLrun v+kfyeksa
esa ls fdldh ckr Bhd gS\

,d vko';d lwpuk
oqQN vgys g+nhl osQ èkeZxq:vksa dh ys[kksa ls fo'ks"k rkSj
ij ukStokuksa dks uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us dks c<+kok fey jgk
gSA mysek&,&vgys g+nhl vius ogkch fe'ku dh rcyhx+ o
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 36 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

b'kkvr osQ fy, t+;knk rj vaxzst+h i<+s fy[ks ukStokuksa dks pqurs
gSa] fygkt+k og mUgsa mudh rfc;r vkSj ilan osQ eqrkfcd 'kjv+h
elkby crkrs gSaA ekMuZ ukStokuksa dks 'kwV&cwV] VkbZ esa eYcwl
gksuk vkSj uaxs lj jguk ilan gS] mlh dks og t+hur le>rs gSa
rks ogkch myek mUgsa ;s iQRok nsrs gSa fd mlh gkyr esa uekt+
i<+uk tkbt+ gS] blesa dksbZ gtZ ugha] tSlk fd 'kS[k mlSehu osQ
iQRos ls t+kfgj gSA
bldk ifj.kke ;g gks jgk gS fd vgys g+nhl ukStokuksa osQ
cgdkos esa vkdj oqQN ukokfd+iQ lqUuh ukStoku Hkh uaxs lj
uekt+ i<+uk ilan djrs gSa vkSj efLtnksa esa uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us
okyksa dh la[;k c<+rh pyh tk jgh gSA ,slk eglwl gks jgk gS
fd ;gh gky oqQN fnuksa jgk rks vgys g+nhl efLtnsa ppZ vkSj
fxtkZ?kj dk eat+j is'k djrh ut+j vk,axh 'kk;n bl [k+rjs dks
eglwl djrs gq, x+Sj eqD+dysnhu osQ eqgfn~nl 'kS[k+ vyckuh us
uaxs lj uekt+ i<+us dh djkgr dks cM+s l[+r vUnkt+ esa c;ku
fd;k gS] tSlk fd mQij fy[kk x;kA ysfdu 'kS[k+ vyckuh osQ
lewg gh osQ oqQN vfroknh myek us 'kS[k+ vyckuh dks Hkh ugha
NksM+k vksj muij guiQh gksus dk iQRo yxk fn;k gkaykfd guiQh
gksuk vgys g+nhl ogkch myek osQ ;gk¡ eqf'jd gksus osQ leku
gSA vYykg dh iukgA
,sls dfBu ifjLFkfr esa fo'ks"k rkSj ij ukStokuksa ls vkxzg gS
fd og vkSj le; esa u lgh de ls de uekt+ osQ oDrksa esa
iwjs fyckl esa efLtn esa vk,a vkSj ,sls oL=k osQ lkFk uekt+ i<+s
ftlls mudh uekt+sa eD:g u gksaA vxj 'kVZ o iSaV gks rks brus
pqLr o rax vkSj ckjhd u gksa fd 'kjhj dk dksbZ vax fn[ksA oqQN
ukStoku ,slh 'kVZ vkSj iSaV bLrseky djrs gSa fd #owQv o ltns
esa tkrs gSa rks dej ls uhps dk oqQN vax tks lqjhu ls feyk
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 37 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

gksrk gS] t+kfgj gks tkrk gS gkykafd ukiQ (ukHkh) osQ uhps dk
fgLlk dej] lqjhu dks <k¡iuk uekt+ lghg gksus osQ fy, 'krZ gSA
oqQN yksx V[+kuksa ls uhps yVdus okyh iSaV igudj uekt+ i<+rs
gSaA gkykafd mlls uekt+ eD:g gksrh gSA oqQN yksx V[k+uksa ls
uhps okys fgLls dks uekt+ i<+rs oD+r lesVdj mQij dj ysrs gSa
vkSj le>rs gSa fd blls djkgr lekIr gks xbZ] gkaykfd diM+k
eksM+dj uekt+ i<+uk Hkh djkgr ls [k+kyh ughaA
eqlyekuksa dks ;kn j[kuk pkfg, fd bl rjg osQ iSQ'ku
okys oL=k okLro esa fiQfjafx;ksa dk vfo"dkj gS ftldk ed+l~n
eqlyekuksa dks mudh bLykeh lH;rk o fyckl ls nwj djuk vkSj
mudh bcknrksa dks ukfd+l+ o cslokc cukuk gSA
oqQN ukStoku ,sl Vh'kVZ igurs gSa vkSj igu dj uekt+ i<+rs
gSa ftuesa tkunkj dh rLohj gksrh gS] oqQN esa xSj tkunkj dh
ysfdu ;gwn o ulkjk dh dyhlk o fxtkZ oxS+jk dh rLohj gksrh
gS] oqQN esa xSj eqgT+t+c tqEys fy[ks gksrs gSa vkSj ukStoku uknkuh esa
,slh 'kVZ igudj efLtnksa eas vkrs gS vkSj mlh fyckl esa uekt+
i<+rs gSaA mlls eqlyekuksa dks l[+r ijgst+ djus dh vko';drk
gSA bl izdkj dk oL=k igudj efltn esa vkuk gh ugha pkfg,
pstk, fd mlesa uekt+ vnk dh tk,A
vYykg rvkyk bj'kkn iQjekrk gS%
rtZek% ,s vkne dh vkSykn gj uekt+ osQ oD+r viuh t+hur
bf[+r;kj djks vkSj [kkvks fi;ks vkSj iqQtwy[kphZ u djks okLro esa og
(vYykg) iqQtwy[kphZ djus okyksa dks ilan ugha iQjekrk gSA
vYykg rvkyk us gj uekt+ osQ oD+r t+hur bf[+r;kj djus
dk gqDe fn;k gSA gt+jr bCus vCckl jft+;Yykgq vUgqek dk
dkSy gS fd t+hur ls eqjkn oL=k gS (nqjsZ ealwj 31@154)
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 38 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

beke rkml rkcbZ us vekek dks t+hur okys fyckl esa ekuk
gS vkSj Vksih vekek dh eaft+y esa gSA fygkt+k Vksih Hkh t+hur
okys fyckl esa 'kkfey gSA

uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk pkjksa et+kfgc esa eD:g gS

vgukQ dk et+gc%
vYykek cqjgkuqn~nhu egewn fcu vgen ektk cq[+kkjh guiQh
(nsgkUr 616 fg-) us fy[kk gS%
rtZek% vxj lj Nqikus dk fyckl gks fiQj Hkh ykijokgh
dh otg ls uaxs lj uekt+ i<+s rks eD:g gS vkSj vkftt+h vkSj
fouezrk osQ fy, gks rks eqLrgc gSA (eqghrs cqjgkuh&5@310)A
vYykek t+Suqn~nhu bCus uqtSe feLjh (nsgkUr o"kZ 970fg-) us
fy[kk gS%
rtZek% vxj ,d yqaxh esa uekt+ i<+h rks gks tk,xh exj
eD:g gksxhA blh rjg cxSj fdlh 'kjbZ dkj.k osQ fliZQ iktkek
esa uekt+ i<+h rks eD:g gksxh vkSj blh rjg lqLrh o dkfgyh
dh otg ls uaxs lj uekt+ i<+h rks eD:g gksxhA (cgjs jkbd+
2@27)A
mlh esa t+[+khjk osQ gokys ls gsA
rtZek% rks 'kS[k+ (tks g+nhl esa gS) dk eyrc ;s gS fd yEcs
diM+s dks bl rjg iguuk fd mlosQ dqN fgLls dks lj ij j[ks
vkSj oqQN dks nksuksa daèkksa ij vkSj iwjs cnu ij j[ksA (,st+u)
vYykek r+g+r+koh (nsgkUr o"kZ 1231 fg-) us iQjek;k%
rtZqek% uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk eD:g gSA D;ksafd blesa od+kj
dks NksM+uk gSA (;kuh ?kfV;k gkyr esa uekt+ i<+uk gS) (gkf'k;k
rgrkoh&1@359)
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 39 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

ekfyfd;ksa dk et+gc%
ekyfd;k osQ ut+nhd Hkh Vksih ;k vekek osQ lkFk uekt+
i<+uk eluwu gS] vkSj uaxs lj i<+uk ed:g gSA vcqy oyhn
eksgEen #'n ekfydh] (nsgkUr lu~ 250 fg-) uekt+ esa vekek
;k Vksih osQ bLrsgckc dks c;ku djrs gq, fy[krs gSa%
rtZek% uekt+h vius jc ls ge dyke gksrk gS vkSj vius
jpf;rk osQ lkeus [kM+k gksrk gS fygkt+k og bl ckr dk T+;knk
g+d+nkj gS fd rqe mlosQ lkeus t+hur bf[+r;kj djksA gt+jr
vCnqYykg fcu mej jft+;Yykgq vUgq us vius [kkfne dks ns[kk
og cx+Sj pknj osQ uekt+ i<+ jgk Fkk rks vkius mlls iQjek;k%
rsjk D;k [+;ky gS vxj eSa rq>s ckt+kj Hkstrk rks D;k blh gkyr
esa pyk tkrk\ mlus dgk% ughaA vkius iQjek;k% vYykg ml
vkneh ls T+;knk gd+nkj gS ftlosQ fy, rqe teky ([kqclwjrh)
bf[+r;kj djrs gks (vyc;ku oÙkglhy 17@19)
vYykek d+jkiQh ekydh fy[krs gSa%
rtZek% fdrkc (vy eqnOouk) esa iQjek;k% esjs ut+nhd ilanhnk
;s gS fd eqlYyh vekek osQ fdukjs dks is'kkuh ls gVk, rkfd
ltns esa is'kkuh dk oqQN fgLlk t+ehu ij yxsA (t+[k+hjk 2@196)
'kkfQbZ;ksa dk et+gc
'kokisQ dk et+gc Hkh ;gh gS fd fcyk fdlh mt+z osQ uaxs
lj uekt+ i<+uk f[kykisQ lqUur] eD:g gS%
vYykek 'kElqn~nhu eksgEen fcu vgen [k+r+hc 'kkiQbZ] nsgkUr
977 fg- fy[krs gSa%
rtZek% enZ osQ fy, eLuwu gS fd uekt+ osQ fy, vius [kwclwjr
diM+s igusA deht] vekek] Vksih ;k pknj ,t+kj (ywaxh) ;k
iktkek igus (eqXuh------1@400)
 uaxs lj uekt+ i<+uk dSlk\ 40 vgyslqUur fjlpZ lsaVj

vYykek nE;kr+h 'kkiQbZ fy[krs gSa%

rtZek% ;kuh v+knru ftl fyckl ls teky bf[+rk;kj fd;k
tkrk gS mldks ikcanh ls uekt+ esa igusA vxpZs nks ls t+k,n gksa
(,vkurqÙkkyschu 1@135)
gacfy;ksa dk et+gc%
fiQD+gs gacyh dh izfl¼ fdrkc vymn~ng 'kjg mEnk osQ
eqg''kh 'kS[k+ mlkek vyh eksgEen lqyseku fy[krs gSa%
rtZek% gt+jr bCus mej jft+;Yykgq vUgqek dk dkSy gS fd
uekt+ esa lj dks <kiuk mldh t+hur esa ls gSA vlykiQ esa ls
fdlh us nwljs ls dgk% D;k rqe ilan djrs gks fd yksx rqedks
uaxs lj ns[ksa rks mUgksaus tokc fn;k ughaA rks mUgksaus iQjek;k%
rqEgkjk jc bl ckr dk T+;knk g+d+nkj gS fd rqe mlosQ lkeus
t+hur bf[+r;kj djksA (rkyhd+ vyy mn~nr 'kjg mEnk 50@12)

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