Important parts of the Periodic Table

1st Group: Alkali Metal

H, Li, N, K, Rb, Cs, Fr

 Mnemonic Phrase: Hideous Little Nasty Kids Rub Cats Fur

2nd Group:

Be Mg Ca Sr Ba Ra

Mnemonic Phrase: Beer Mugs Can Serve Bar Rats

14th Group:

C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Fl

Mnemonic Phrase: Can Simple Germans Snare Tiny Public Flatly

16th Group:

O, S, Se, Te, Po, Lv

Mnemonic Phrase: Ottoman Sultan Sends Textiles to Poor Ladies

17th Group: Halogen

F, Cl, Br, I, At, Ts

Mnemonic Phrase: Fast Clouds Break I At Talantis

 Important parts of the Periodic Table
18th Group:

He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xenon, Rn, Og

Mnemonic Phrase: He Never Arrived; Karen eXited with Ron to Ogsgard

1. Determining the position of an element in the periodic table.

Ans: We can determine the element’s position from its last sub-
shell and electrons in that shell.

Explanation: Ca(20): 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2. We can see that it
has 2 e- in its last sub-shell from which we can determine that it’s
in Group 2/Main Group 2 and the last sub-shell is 4 which means
that it’s in the 4th row. So ‘Ca’ is in the 4th row of Group 2.

Note: It’s necessary to count all the e- in the last shell, for example

N(7): 1s2 2s2 2p3. Here there are 5 e- in the last sub-shell and as
2s2, and 2p3 exist in the same subshell, add both of their e-
together along with adding 10 to the amount of e-. So Nitrogen’s
position would be 2nd-row 15th group.

Explanation: The reason we add 10 to the amount of e- in the last

sub-shell is that in the periodic table group 3-12 are sub-groups,
while 1-2 and 13-18 are main groups.

Note: If an element’s farthest subshell is an ‘s’ and if its previous

subshell is ‘d’ then add their e- together.
Example: Fe(26) = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6 4s2, here add 6+2 = 8
to get the group number. Fe’s position is 4th-row 8th group.