 Numbering:

 Meth
 Eth
 Prop
 But
 Pent
 Hex
 Hept
 Oct
 Non
 Dec

Qualities of a group:
 They have a specific functional group.
 They can be expressed by using a General Formula.
 They exhibit similar types of chemical reactions.
 With the increase of atomic mass their melting and boiling
point also increase.
 There’s a difference of -CH2- between 2 molecules, one
after one.

Note: Carbon has a Valency of 4.

 Name Functional Group General Formula
Alkane C-C CnH2n+2
Alkene C=C CH2n
Alkyne C≡O CH2n-2
Alcohol -OH CnH2n + OH
Aldehyde -CHO CnH2n=1 + CHO/R + CHO
Carboxylic Acid -COOH R - COOH

Note: This isn’t part of the above.

Alkyl Group -CnH2n+1/-R

NOTE: When writing down the chain of a compound, the

carbon in the functional group(if there is one) is counted in
the total amount.