History of ART:

The Renaissance
Leonardo Da Vinci

Leonardo Da Vinci was a prominent figure of the Renaissance,

known for his skills in painting, sculpture, architecture, and He was known for:
engineering. He began his artistic training in Florence under the • Using contrast between light and dark
sculptor Andrea Verrocchio before moving to Milan where he • Capable of painting detailed facial expressions.
completed several paintings, including The Last Supper, and • Meanings in painting
worked on a monumental sculptures. He later returned to Florence
and completed the famous Mona Lisa.

Famous Paintings and Art works:

Mona Lisa The Last Supper
Leonardo illustrates each disciple's
Portrait of Lisa Gherardini, wife of unique reaction to Jesus's declaration
Francesco del Giocondo. Its mysterious that one of the Apostles will betray him
smile and gaze draws thousands of and then institutes the Eucharist. At the
visitors to the Louvre Museum. Despite center of the composition is Jesus
its seemingly ordinary appearance, the emphasizing his importance. Detailed
painting's simplicity belies Leonardo's facial expression shows grief and sorrow.
talent for realism. The delicate details
of the veil, hair, and fabric show
Leonardo’s attention to detail. The Virgin of The Madonna of The central and
he painting shows
The Rocks Leonardo's use of a Carnation centered motif is the
young Mary seated
The Lady with an Ermine pyramidal
with Baby Jesus on
composition and the
Portrait of Lisa Gherardini, wife of her lap. The faces are
figures interact with
Francesco del Giocondo. Its mysterious put into light while
each other through
smile and gaze draws thousands of all other objects are
gestures and
visitors to the Louvre Museum. Despite darker. The child is
glances. The painting
its seemingly ordinary appearance, the looking up, the
also departs from
painting's simplicity belies Leonardo's mother is looking
traditional holy
talent for realism. The delicate details down. The setting of
signifiers, making
of the veil, hair, and fabric show the portrait is a room
the Holy Family
Leonardo’s attention to detail. with two windows on
appear more human.
each side.
Domenico Ghirlandaio (1449 – 1494)

Domenico was an Italian Renaissance painter born in Florence. He was known for:
Ghirlandaio went on to become a successful artist that produced many • Using contrast between light and dark
frescoes and altarpieces for churches and wealthy patrons. Some of • his realistic depictions of people and his ability
his notable works include the frescoes in the Tornabuoni Chapel of the to capture their individuality
Santa Maria Novella church in Florence and the Last Supper fresco in • His work is characterized by a sense of order
the Ognissanti church.. and harmony

Famous Paintings and Art works:

The Last Supper
The Portrait of Ghirlandaio's interpretations of The Last
Giovanna Tornabuoni Supper show expressions from the figures
This image is a classic example of the but in a quiet peaceful setting.[1] His
Florentine Quattrocento portrait in which figures have character-like expressions
the sitter poses upright, in strict profile and his understanding of common
and bust length with the arms in repose architecture allowed for realistic details
and the hands joined. In the face and throughout his work.
body the features and proportions are
idealised. Madonna occupies a Francesco Sassetti and His
The Adoration
central position
The Old Man with a Young Boy of the Magi inside a pyramidal
Son Teodoro
The combination of full
The picture portrays an older man in composition. The face and profile gives
a red robe, embracing a young child. Child is held up to be the picture formal
The poignancy of the image is seen by the Magi and quality, in keeping with
dramatized by the contrast between the other spectators. its function as a
the man's weathered and wise face, Two Magi are commemoration of a
and the child's delicate profile. the positioned at the loss and regeneration.
deformity of the man's nose, base of the The background shows
evidence of rhinophyma. He has composition, one a Sassetti in Geneva.
presented the portrait in a kisses the child's The head and figure of
naturalistic style, which maintained a foot, and another Sassetti are much
connection between external kneels with his hand repainted
appearances and internal truths. on his chest.
Michelangelo

Michelangelo Was one of the pioneer and greatest influencers

of the Italian Renaissance period. He is best known for his
sculptures of David and pieta. He had a highly individualistic
style, portrayed by muscular figure and dramatic poses.

Famous Paintings and Art works:

David The Entombment
It is the statue of the
biblical hero David. He is
The Entombment Is another example
displayed in a powerful
of Michaelangelo using triangular
pose, with a focused face. It
compositions. The body of the Christ
is characterised by its sense
lowered into the tomb position on the
of muscularity and
apex of the painting.
movement. Also its
attention to anatomical
details.

The Last Judgment The Doni Tondo

The Last Judgment It is painted in the altar
of the Sistine Chapel is another of his
iconic works. It is characterised by its
powerful, emotional imaginary and
dramatic sense of motion.
The Doni Tondo The portrait of the Holy
family is one of his most famous
paintings. It employs a triangular
composite with the virgin Mary and
infant christ at the apex. Characterised
by its bold , sweeping brushstrokes and
his use of dramatic poses and intense
emotions.
Raphael

Raphael He was one of the most talented painters of the Italian

Renaissance. He was a popular architect during his time.Unlike
Michaelangelo's powerful style Raphael was known for his soft, graceful
style, and his ability to use light and shadow to create a sense of
harmony and balance in his compositions. His subjects were also more
secular than Michaelangelo's.

Famous Paintings and Art works:

Portrait of Baldassare
Castiglione School of Athens
Portrait of Baldassare
Castiglione.It depicted Castiglione School of Athens Is one of the most
on a 3/4 pose with his gaze famous of Raphael.It is Painted on the
directed toward the viewers. This Vatican Palace. It displays all the great
portrait is like his many other philosophers of Ancient Greece. Raphael
portraits characterised with a even added his young picture to the
sense of harmony and balance painting.It is characterised with its sense
and Castiglione is depicted in a of harmony and balance..
serene and contemplative poses.

The Madona of the The Sistine Madonna

Meado The Sistine Madonna The painting of the
virgin Mary holding the Christ is one the
Is a perfect example a triangular most renowned works of Raphael. Again
composition by Raphael, unlike the dynamic and asymmetrical
Madonna and the child composition of Michaelangelo and
positioned on tge apex with the Leonardo , Raphael used a harmonical
figures of the St. John the Bapist triangular composition. The virgin Mary
and a young Christ on each side on the apex then the angels gathered
and the landscape on the back around them. It extract the idealism and
emphasising the compostion the beauty of the scene.
 The Italian Renaissance was a period of great artistic and cultural growth that occurred in Italy
from the 14th to the 17th century. This period witnessed the birth of many great artists and
developments of new techniques a d styles in paintings and sculptures.
Some of the key techniques of this period are :
1.Humanism 2.Realism 3.Classicism

4.individualism 5. Patronage
Done By:
• Menatallah Mohamed Gouda
Sec:4 BN:9

• Zakia Hassan Sec: BN: