nga vse of he canal ga, ht eat a reaper we me than 25 per cent of the Greek language Pet raed per cent of the Latin language. It is obvious, hep, ib ect a an ty mean esha Ha, magick at co a tea a sn on cn a ae mo-NOG’-0-mee). A one-to-one system cat hs only one eXtrent spouse one,” gamas, “cat amage «an or WOraR yf marriage; & nian or wom: St any time. From Greek mors, On oan (BIG"-smee). egal involvement by one 8 Quick Vocabulary Builder 37 Person in two or more concurrent marriages. From Latin bis, “twice” or “two,” plus gamos. 3. Polygamy (po-L1G/-smee), Azcustom, once preva: Jent among the Mormons in Utah and encountered today: in some piurts of Asia, Africa, the Near East, etc., in which a man has more than one wife. The frst part of the word is from Greek polys, “many.” 4, Misogamy (me-SOG"amee). Hatred of marriage, ‘From Greck misein, “to hate,” plus gamos, Notice how the Greek and Latin roots discussed in the previous section lead to four new words. 1. Monotheism (MON'-o-thee-iz’-om). The belief in a single, supreme deity. Greck monos, “one,” combined with theos, “god.” 2. Bicuspid (by-KUS'-pid). A tooth with two prongs. Latin bis, “twice” or “two,” and cuspis, “point.” 3. Polyglot (POL'-ce-glot’). Glotta is Greek for {Ronaue" the polyglot is one who speaks many tongues ot guages. 4. Misanthropy _(mo-SAN’-thro-pee). Anthropos is Greck for “man.” We have, then, the haired of man or of mankind: A misanthrope (MISS™on-thrope), therefore, anyone who has a morbid aversion to, or distrust of, fellow men. Lot us take a quick review of the roots we've discovered s0 far. Can you remember the meaning of each word using these roots? stdegitones (Greek), “one,” és in monogamy and mono 2. Gamos (Greek), “marriage,” as in monogamy, biga ‘my, misogamy, and polygamy8 EIGHTH DAY 43, Bis (Latin), “twice” or “two,” as in bigamy and bicuspid “h, Polys (Greek), “many,” as in polygamy and polyglot $. Misein (Greek), *to hate,” as in misogamy and misanthropy 6. Theos (Greek), “god,” as in monotheism, bithelsm, and polytheism f "7, Cuspis (Latin), “poiat,” asin bicuspid 8, Glotia (Greek), “tongue,” as in polyglot 9, Anthropos (Greek), “man,” as in misanthropy vv [Now on to further explorations into roots: 1, Theotogy (thee-OL'-2-jee). The study of God and religion. To theos we add the Greek root, logos, “knowl edge,” “study,” of “word.” 2. Philanthropy (fa-LAN’-thro-pee). Love of mankind. Mos is combined with the Greek philein, se doe. A philanthropist (fo-LAN’-thro-pst), then, who fives money tothe poor, i itrally a “over of his fellow *3 Anthropology (an’-thtS-POL/-2-je). Study of man, iio. science of human development and history—a come ‘ination of anthropos and logos. “A. Philology ((e-LOL/-2-jee). Study of language, ie science of haguistics—iiterally, 2 Tove of words, from Dhilein combined with logos. , v Ready fora test of your ksowledge of Guesk and Latta roar Wile the meaning of each root in the, appropri rote) ie tien give ove example of an English word based on this root, Quick Vocabulery Builder 50, Te | | MEANING EXAMPLE answers: (1) ‘ies, two; (2) gods (3) loves $s "G) artags: angie, CP one (8) point; (9) manyy (10) ma, monkind; (11) study, knowledge, word a ‘To check your examples, refer to previous pages: 7 Con you qualify as a word detective? Keep in mind 2 doves Joes"wo ba dsl snl ty 1oaie the ‘mennings of the italicized words. Guess intelligently, rofer- ng 1 previo explanations a9 tn sb You wn Wite jeaning in the blank line following each sen 1. Some Englishmen wear a monocle (MON’-s-kel). 2, He delivered an inter (on bate ‘a later ‘sting monologue (MON-o- 3, He has a monopoly of the coffee mi see). (ms-NOP| | 60 BIGHTH DAY 4, Ho lives in 2 monastery (MON’-o-stair’-ee). 5. He is iding » bicycle (BY’<0-kel). 4. Manis a biped (BY’-ped). F France and England made a bilateral (by-LAT'-0- zal) agreement. gow). 8. A rectangle is a. polygon (POL 9. misogynist (a9-SAHW-o-nist) shuns the com pany of women, 19, Romans practiced polytheism (POL/-ee-thee-iz om). 11, This tooth is a tricuspid (try -KUS'-pid). 14, The President's wonderful stamp collect envy of plilaielis (fo-LAT-olsts)- ) apes are similar 13. The anthropoid:(AN'-thra-poid! in appearance to humans. 44. Biology Cby-OL/-2 joe) is fascinating science. ———Vv—_" tS Quick Vocabulary Butter ox 45, England is a monarciiy (MON’or-kee). AnsweRst (1) lens for one oye; person; (3) contiol by one person (of the market); (4) place where people live alone; (5) vehicle of two wheels; (6) creature with (8). many-siied figure; * (9), hater of women; (10) belief in ‘many gods; (11) tooth with three points; (12) lovers, hence collectors, of stamps; (13) (2) speech by one mantike; (14) study of lifes (15) ‘count ‘where one person rules a vit Consider, perhaps with emazoment, how many new words you have learned in a very short time by tracing - them back to their Latin. or Greek derivation. Pronounce each aloud as you come to it, and review briefly its meane ing as reflected by the root structure, 1. gamos, marriage ‘monogamy (139-NOG'- 2. monos, one ‘monotheism (MON'-2- ‘oumiee) thee-iz/-onn) , bigamy (BIG’-o-mee) ‘monogamy (ma-NOG'- Polygamy (pe-LIG'-2- ——@-mee)_ | mee) monocle (MON’-9-kal) ‘misogamy (ma-SOG’-3- monologue (MON mee) Tog’) = ‘monopoly. (ma-NOP= alee) monastery (MON'-9- stair’-ec) ‘monarchy (MON’-or- kee)62 3 5. uw bis, twice, two bicuspid (by-KUS'-pid) bicycle Gre biped (BY’- bilateral (by-LAT’-o- rol) bigamous (BIG'-0- mas) aisein, to hate Imisogamy (m2-SOG'->- mee) ‘misogynist (ma-SAHY nist) misanthropy (mo SAN'-thro-pee) logos, word,’ stady, inowiedge : biology (by-OL"-o-jee) theology (thee-OL-2- Fitotory (LOLs jee) anthropology (an-th- POL'-ojee) ). anthropos, man, man kind anthropoid (AN’hr- oid) anthropologist (an-thro~ POL-o-jist) philanthropist (for LAN’-thrpist) misanthrope (MISS'- ‘nsthrope) : usandhropist -—(anis- ‘AN -thro-pist) flotta, tongue polyglot (POL!-re-slot’) EIGHTH DAY 1 polys, many | polygamy (goLIG'-2- mee) polyglot (POL’-ee- Blot) polygon (POL/-20- gon’) pobyelom (POL theee-on) 6. theos, theology (thee-OL!-o- ee < monotheist (MON-> thee-ist) 8. philein, to love poo (f-LOL’-2- Pte (LAT - list) philanthropy (fo-LAN’- thro-pee)* 10. euspis, point bicuspid (by-KUS pid) tricuspid - (try-KUS’- pid) Quick Vocabulary Builder a) . vil Final review time! If you feel a happy and secure control of the material of this chapter, try this simple test, in which you have to fill in one or more blanks in each sentence. Can you make a perfect score without referring to previous iaformation? 1. One who practices monogamy has only one 2. A misogamist nou martiage. 3. Theology i he study of or 4, Biology is the of life. 5. A philatelist collects gence 6. A misanthropist “mankind. 7, Anthropology is the science of... development. 8 A bicuspid has points. 9. A tricuspid has Points. 10. Anthropoid means “similar 16, or in the form of, 11, A polyglot speaks .. 12. A polygon has 13. Under polygamy, a man may have wives. 14, In America, a bigamous marriage is 15. In a monotheistic religion, there is only one 16. A biped has 60 2... 17. A two-wheeled vehicle 18, An agreement endorsed by two sides is called 19, A lens for only one 696 is called @ economia 20. A speech by one person is a 21. Control of the market by one person or group is a 22, A: place where men live in seclusion is @ nn6 EIGHTH DAY 23. A nation’ which has one, usually hereditary, ruler isa 7 24, Belief in many gods is called .. 25. A misogynist hates swans: (1) spouse, wife, husband; (2) hates; (3) mvs (2 mai, be stamps; (6) hates; (7) human, "man’s, mankind's; (8) two; (9) three; (10) Ihuman, human being, man, person, etc.; (11) many;" (12) many; (13) many; (14) ik legal, unlawful, ete; (15) Gods (16) legs, fect; (17) bicycle; (18) bilateral; (19) monocle; (20) monologue; (21) monopo~ yy (22) monastery; (23) | monarchy; (24) polytheism; (25) women, females, efe. A Quick Test of Your Progress to Date You are of course aware that you will never add very rapidly to your vocabulary by merely being exposed to words, or by reading, or by talking, You must have a lan. Here is one way to get ahead with words in everyday life. Is the simplest thing inthe world. Buy a small pocket notebook. When paper, a magazine, or a bovis, of Bisten to and come upon a strange word, enter it in ‘Then look it up inthe dictionary. If you find that its some abstruse or highly technical term, such as, say, syzvey, "an immovable union between. two brachials of a crinoid,” just pass it by. You won't-be using it unless you are Studying to be a professor of biology. Lut if it sounds Tike 2 word {Ut will be helpful to you, take possession of it make if your oom personal property. Seyi sletd many times. Study its defsition, note its derivation, ‘Be fu? 5 read a news or the radio, ir notebook.San E CECE CeCe 6s NinTH DAY also, to copy from the dictioniry the sample sentence in hich ie is used, if such is given, Then write your own Sentence along the lines of the example in the dictionary. "Ail this will take only a few minutce or so, but it is necessary to make the practice a daily habit, Then the fist in your notebook will grow and grow, 9s will your command of English. ‘We want, at this point, to help you gain complete pos- session of any of the words in the first eight chapters that may have once been unfamiliar to you. ‘Tn this review, you have, 48 ustial, the responsibility of gfading yourself. After you have compared your answers With those given at the end of the chapter, we will give ‘you an interpretation of your score and you can then see ‘what progress you have made. 1. The study of the origins of words or of word: histories is called (a) philology; (b) verbology; (c) etymology 2, The “taxicabs” in Ancient Rome gave rise to out word a) ealeulate; (b) supercitious; (6) captain 3, The Greek eyllable graph means +“ (q) seeing; (b) writing; (c) speaking 4. The word run has approximately .. ferent dictionary meanings. (a) 35 (6) 205 (6) 90 5. Some words require emotional maturity to be un- derstood. (a) Tate? or (b) False? och phrase in column B defines « word in colunm A. Match the two coluinns. A Quick Test of Your Progress to Date 67 cA 3 1. vicarious a. appeal to the baser emotions 2 rationalize teal sentimental gregarious. _¢. company-loving 4 obsequious —d. second-hand or substitutional in experience 5. maudlin 6 fawning and servile 6. ascetic f. justify, usually unconsciously - (an unworthy act) 7. pander g. severely self-denying 8. sublimate fh refine; tum into higher or so- cially acceptable channels 9. wanton i worn out; sterile; exhausted 1 from rich or ovetindulgent liv- ' ing 10, effete’, j,_ unrestrained m (Check the correct formas: 1. The obstetrician: (a) delivers babies; (b) treats’ bables; (c) teats women's diseases, 2, The osteopath: (a) slghens text; (6) specialize in skin dix cases; ats diseases by manipulati 5 3, The optometrist: eee (a) sells Tenses; (b) measures your eyes for glasses; (©) operates on your ¢ mee " 4 The podiarta: eee a) treats foot ailments; (b) treats mental ailments; (0) teats are alments Tees 5. The psyehitris is interested in: (a). your stomach; (b) your mind: (¢) your eyes> or——EEIEi«* TT | | cy NINTH DAY A Quick Test of Your Progress to Date ea \ vo w y Write the required verb: ablte the meaning of each of the following. Greek or | 1, To stagnate v 1. logos | 2. To postpone P 2 theos 3. To cheat; to deprive fraudulently M 3. bis 4, To exclude; to ban oO. 4, philein ) 5: Tosatone for ae 5. misein Vv 6. Toentreat I 6 monos | 7. To sparkle s 7. anthropot 8. ‘To disapprove of D 8! potys 9, To spond time inthe country R 9. gamos 410, To charge (someone with) I 10. cuspis oe 1: élotta v wswmns: TC) 65) 0) C4) 6 Fill jn ‘each blank space ‘ith the type of person who Scorings. "Two pot would be most apt to make such a statement. - SBD oles ee 1. “I have good taste in foods and TE (1) 4; (2) & (3) & (4) wines.” (5) bs (6) 8} (7) a; (8) by 2. “Government should experiment.” ©) jy Gopi 3. “Government must not experi Scoring: Two points each ment.” Your Score: 4, “TE they don't want war, give it UI: (1) a5 (2) 6 (3) bs (4) a to them anyway.” (5) b | 5. "My country is the only one Scoring: Two points each worth anything.” [ Your Score: > | 6. "Pain will never make me TV: (1) vegetate; (2) procrastinate; wine” s GY Bab A) ona: (5) 7. "The other fellow comes firs” A... xpiate; (6) importune; (7: 2. "Lcowe firs! sbove al” Pee a peers 18 +9. “There is:no God.” Bove rusticate;” (10) impute Scoring: Two points each den't know whether or. nct ‘there is a God.” i exything will happen as it wil, ‘no matter what we do.” ; Your Score: Vi C1) epicure; (2) liberal; (3) conservative; (4) jingoist;. (51NINTH DAY 5 (6), stoic; (7) ak saat) cent (2) at 0) agnostics "(11 fast Scoring: Two, pin ie sore Word, knowledge, _studys VAD gle (a) twee 0s) es (5) hates (6) ones (2) sian, mankind; (8) many; (9) fartiage; (10) point; (11) fongue coring: Two points each 7 pals Your Score: faximum Score: 104 ae Your Total Score: ‘What Your Score Means | ander suggests the possibility that you may 9 ete terug cow ou fo aang, Wonk let ve me petal tet 2 900 POE ao 60-10 is an average and szcoiable sore, Can you stil etter next time! 2 snus 72-86 stows Betertanaveae erst Coe te deci you ce Yoru nevertheless, improve core next time’ ew and 2-104 Jpaeaten remarkable proses. Your intrest nd 85-104 wtmotivation are high, and your rewards this work will therefore be great. Your Fellow Men We have now a wide and most important group of words to consider. These are the words that deseribe and catalog 8 few of the various classes of our fellowmen and. that ‘identify. some of their activities.’ And here is a helpful game tliat you might like to try. Just jot down om the margin of these pages, opposite each of the. twenty-five words that follow, the name of a friend of yours or a well-known actor or public character, who, you believe, ‘Would best personify the particular word under discussi Dramatizing the word in this fashion will help fix its tear ing in your mind. - You will meet some familiar words in this list, words {fst We have introduced in previous chapters. Bat repel. tion is a part of learning, and very often, wheit a weed ‘appears 2 secon time, it will by presented $x another free and with a considerably enriched ineaning, Let us look over a few of the words that characterize the varied types.of personalities who inbabit our inierere ing world, aTENTH DAY 1. The coquette (K0-KET’). ‘This girl promises much, flirts egregiously, and delivers very lite. 2, The circe (SUR’-see). Her greatest pleasure comes from Loring men to their destruction. 3. The amazon (AM'-0-20n"). She's the tall, strap- png, masculine kind of woman. 4. The’ virago (v-RAY-#0). She is the loud- mouthed, turbulent, batile-axe types a vicious nag and scold. 5, The adonls (#DON’-0s). He's. the hatidsome, Greeks god type who makes the hearts of young gicis fatter. 1. The judas (JO"-tos). Don't trust him. He's the tuaitor who vill sell cut his bestfriend for money. 2. The fulllitarian (fy6-ti’-0-TATR’-2e-an).. The pes mist and eynic who soes no particular point to any thing in lite. 3. The vulgarian (wiLGAIR’-ee-on). He has vulger tastes and manners. 4, Tho pedant (PED’-ont). His greatest delight is mak- ing an uanevessary show of his learning, especially by correcting petty errors. He attaches exaggerated fiportance fo minute and minor details of scholar~ ship. 5. The egolst (BE’-gi-ist.) His credo is selfishness. His interests come fist, and ao one else matters. 6. The ascetic (3-SET-ik). He lives a’severely tem- perate life and avoids human pleasures and vices 7, The esthete (ESS’-theet). He is, person of ne taste and artistic fair. Hence, he is most responsive to, cad delighted with, whatever is beautiful. Words About Your Fellowmen » 1. The demagogue (DEM’-0-goe’). By appeating to prejudices and hatrods of the population, he ‘beets social discontent in order t9 further his owa political ambitions. . . The martinet (mer-t0-NET). He's fanetic'in his insistence on blind discipline from his subordinates, and a tiresome stickler for form and etiquette, 3. The sycophant (SIK’-s-fant). By insincere fiattery and pretended servility, he hopes to make rich or influential people think of him Kindly, esp2cially when they have some erumbs to throw. Wv 1, The atheist (AY'-thee-st). He's sure God is non- existent. : 2. The agnostic (ag-NOSS’tik). He maintains that th ‘human mind is incapable of penetra 7 en mind ating the mystery of divine existence. Pethaps there is exhay ft Noten Enea tae it # Got pecans v 1 Ree et 5 foxy ‘occupation, or art. _ eee Bisiate ae Sie, nt inom of te, a having reached the greatest heights ‘ot Joa eset ee Se re ye 3. The philologist (f2-LOL’-2-jist}. He's a_s¢ of Tanguage and speech. ; ee" TENTH DAY sight. Hence, he often makes prophecies about the future, vw 1, The philatelist (fo-LAT-orlist), He's lector. 2, The numismatist (n00'-MIZ!-mo-tist). He's the eoin + eollector. the stamp cok: vii 1. The gourmet (gd6rMAY"):, He is knowledgeable and fastidious about cating ‘and drinking, devoting himself to excellent food, special wines, exotic sea- “ sonings, ete. 2. The connoisseur (Kon'-o-SUR’). He is a critical judge of excellence in the arts, food, drink, wom- ‘en, ete. ~ vt Test Your Loarning Cen you fil the blank line swith the word that fits each description? |. He docs not believe in God, . He is a skillful practitioner of some art, . He collects rare coins. He has an unusual appreciation of beauty. He is ostentatious about his learn ing. He will betray a friend. Sho is a fit. She is a destructive siren, Words About Your Fellowmen 78 9. He is an offensive stickler for dis- ciptine. 10, He lives only for himself. 11. He lives a simple and “austere existence. 12, He bootlicks the rich and power- ful. 13, He is a false leader of the common people. 14, He's not sure whether or not God exists, 15, Ho claims that life is: completely futite, 16. She's @ masculine woman, big and muscular. 17. She has a sharp tongue anda vicious temper. 18, He has good taste in food. 19. He's extremely handsome, (AAO. He's coarse and uncouth. 21.. He's a beginner in his profession. 22. He's a student of words. 23. Hee says'he can see things that you can't. 24, He's an authoritative judge and critic in some fine art or other area of excellence. 25. He collects stamps. wi UM > Ue > mE ee answers: (1) atheist; (A) esthete; coquettes egoist; (2) virtuoso; (3) numismatist; (5) pedant; (6) judas; (7) (8) circe; (9) martinet;, (10) (11) ascetic; (12) sycophant; 13) ‘demagogue; (14) agnostic; (15) fu- filitarian; (16) amazon; (17) - virago; (18) gourmet; (19) adonis; (20) vulgari- an; (21) tyro; (22) philologist; (23) Slarveyants (24) comnolseur, (25) phiat- elisteo TENTH DAY * Reinforce Your Knowledge Ready for another try at the same words? Check the one 12, 13, 14 15. | 16. | a7. 18, 19. 20. 21, | 2. | 23. | 24, 25. answers: (1) flirtatious; (4) fierce; |. coquette amazon virago adonis judas utilitarian . vulgarian . pedant | M1. i ‘egoist ascetic esthete demagogue ‘martinet sycophant atheist agnostic tyro virtuoso hilologist clairvoyant Philatelist umismatist gourmet ‘connoisseur adjective out of three offered that most nearly fits each sincere, flirtatious, talkative ‘untrustworthy, unapproachable, nag- ing : feminine, alluring, big fierce, docile, feminine feminine, good-looking, wasteful ‘untrustworthy, unapproachable, un- assuming optimistic, pessimist, indifferent courteous, crud, clever corrective, sentimental, sft-hearted ambitious, boring, self-centered puny, puetle, puritanical talkative, tasteful, triumphant traitorous, troublemaking, temperate reckless, easygoing, demanding Sincere, hypocritical, handsome irreligious, youthful, fattering sod-fearing, skeptical, ambitions expert, uncouth, unskilful skilled, indifferent, alluring selfish, ill-mannered, scholarly prophetic, protesting, fearful ‘stamp-involved, coin-involved, book- involved stamp-involved, coin-involved, book- involved fastidious, vulgar, piggish discriminating ignorant, ambitious (2) untrustworthy; (3) big (5) good-looking; (6) untrust- Words Abort, Your Fellowmen 7 (9) G1) puri. (13) teoubnaking, a ypocttical incligious; (17) skeptical; - (18) mikey (19) skilled; (20) scholacly; (21) prophet. ic; (22) stamp-involved; (23) coin-in- volved; (24) fastidious; (25) dhscsiminnts worthy; (7) pessimistic; corrective; (10) self-centered; tanical; (12) tasteful; (4). demanding; (8) crude; x Furthor Reinforcement Every time you test your learni , ard an ey son ome 2m tage oct your Suing eee ds i mre cy si nl Sy cpt sign oll indy yet at Choose the eter of the area from Colum Ht tha Person in Columa 1 is involved in,. —— i 1 1 |. coquette a. strength 2. circe Bb. uselessness 3. amazon ©. obedience 4 viago 4. austere existence 5. adonis ©. preciseness ~ § fdas £. skepticism E tutiarian 8 gaining experience 3. vulgarian 1. all beauty 9. pedant i. stamps 10. egois language |. ascetic truction of UL aietc destruction of males insincere flattery political power ‘marriage ©. firing 13. demagogue 14. martinet 15, sycophant Peer.