EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE

Gov. D. Mangubat Ave., Brgy. Burol Main, City of Dasmariñas, Cavite 4114, Philippines Tel.
Nos. (046) 416-4339/41 www.eac.edu.ph

` SCHOOL OF NURSING

CARE OF MOTHER, CHILD, ADOLESCENT (WELL CLIENTS) RLE

Aure, Nikol

Bandilla, Faullen Mae

Bautista, Ivan

Etac, Rouie

Liwanag, Erica Laine

Manaois, Jet Zigtrix

Montero, Shaniah

Paglicawan, Abigail

Puente, Patricia Nicole

Group Leader: Verga, Jasmine G.

BSN 2-3A

QF-PQM-035 (02.27.2021) Rev.3

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 EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE
Gov. D. Mangubat Ave., Brgy. Burol Main, City of Dasmariñas, Cavite 4114, Philippines Tel.
Nos. (046) 416-4339/41 www.eac.edu.ph

` SCHOOL OF NURSING

Parenteral medications enter the body by injection through the tissue and circulatory
system. Injection medications are absorbed more quickly and are used with patients who are
nauseated, vomiting, restricted from taking oral fluids, or unable to swallow.

1. Intramuscular Injection (IM) is a technique used to deliver a medication deep into the
muscles. This allows the medication to be absorbed into the bloodstream quickly.

Angle of Insertion: 90°

Dosage: 0.5 to 1.0 mL in infants and young children & 0.5 to 2.0 mL for adults A

doctor may use an intramuscular shot if:

 they cannot locate an appropriate vein

 the particular drug would irritate the veins
 the digestive system would render pills ineffective

Vaccines given: DTaP, DT, Hib, hepA, hepB, HPV, IIV, MCV, PCV, rabies, Td, Tdap and
RZV (Shingrix).

QF-PQM-035 (02.27.2021) Rev.3

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 EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE
Gov. D. Mangubat Ave., Brgy. Burol Main, City of Dasmariñas, Cavite 4114, Philippines Tel.
Nos. (046) 416-4339/41 www.eac.edu.ph

` SCHOOL OF NURSING

2. Intradermal Injection (ID) - a shallow oí supeíficial injection of a substance into the

deímis, which is located between the epideímis and the hypodeímis. ľhe ID injection
íoute has the longest absoíption time of all paíenteíal íoutes. ľhese types of injections
aíe used foí sensitivity tests, such as tubeículosis (TB), alleígy, and local anesthesia
tests.

Most common sites aíe:

 Inneí suíface of the foíeaím and uppeí back, undeí scapula.
 Choose an injection site that is fíee fíom lesions, íashes, moles, oí
scaís, which may alteí the visual inspection of the test íesults.

Equipments used foí ID injections:

 ľubeículin syíinge calibíated in tenths and hundíedths of a milliliteí, and a ¼ to ½
in, 26- oí 27-gauge needle. ľhe dosage of an ID injection is usually undeí 0.5 mL.
ľhe angle of administíation foí an ID injection is 10 to 15 degíees.
 Once the ID injection is completed, a bleb (small blister) should
appeaí undeí the skin. ľhe píesence of the bleb indicates that the
medication has been coííectly placed in the demis.

3. Suppository is a form of medicine contained in a small piece of solid material.

Injection Sites: A suppository is inserted into the rectum, vagina, or urethra and the medicine is
absorbed into the bloodstream.

How to insert suppository: Gently insert the suppository into the anus, narrow end first.
Push it in about 1 inch for adults, or half an inch for infants. In older children, push the
suppository in approximately half to one inch, depending on their size

Types of Suppositories

Rectal suppositories are used for administering medications when you cannot do so orally. Such
methods may be especially helpful for young children and older adults who cannot take
medications by mouth.

 For rectal dosage form (suppositories): For allergy symptoms: Adults and teenagers 12.5
milligrams (mg) before meals and at bedtime; or 25 mg at bedtime as needed. Children 2
years of age and older. Your doctor will determine dose based on the weight and/or size
of the child.

QF-PQM-035 (02.27.2021) Rev.3

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 EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE
Gov. D. Mangubat Ave., Brgy. Burol Main, City of Dasmariñas, Cavite 4114, Philippines Tel.
Nos. (046) 416-4339/41 www.eac.edu.ph

` SCHOOL OF NURSING
 Vaginal suppositories are solid medications that are inserted into the vagina with a
special applicator. The body absorbs drugs from vaginal suppositories quickly. They
work faster than medications you take by mouth. This is because suppositories melt
inside the body and absorb directly into the bloodstream.
 Dosing Adults and teenagers 150 milligrams (mg) (one vaginal suppository) inserted
into the vagina at bedtime for three nights in a row. Children up to 12 years of age—
Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
 Urethral suppositories is used to treat men who have erectile dysfunction (also called
sexual impotence).
 Dosing Adults One suppository inserted into the urethra once a day, 10 to 30 minutes
before sexual intercourse. Do not use more than 2 suppositories each day. Children
Use is not recommended

A PERSON MAY NEED TO USE THEM IF THEY:

 are having seizures and cannot take medicines by mouth

 are unable to swallow medication for any reason
 are vomiting and cannot keep pills or liquids down
 have a blockage that stops the medication moving through the digestive system

4. Subcutaneous Injection

• Subcutaneous means under the skin.

• In this type of injection, a short needle is used to inject a drug into the tissue layer between
the skin and the muscle. Medication given this way is usually absorbed more slowly than if
injected into a vein, sometimes over a period of 24 hours.

• This type of injection is used when other methods of administration might be less effective.
For example, some medications can’t be given by mouth because acid and enzymes in the
stomach would destroy them.

• The location of injection is important for subcutaneous injections. The drug needs to be
injected into the fatty tissue just below the skin. Some areas of the body have a more easily
accessible layer of tissue, where a needle injected under the skin will not hit muscle, bone, or
blood vessels.

QF-PQM-035 (02.27.2021) Rev.3

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 EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE
Gov. D. Mangubat Ave., Brgy. Burol Main, City of Dasmariñas, Cavite 4114, Philippines Tel.
Nos. (046) 416-4339/41 www.eac.edu.ph

` SCHOOL OF

The most common injection sites are:

1. Abdomen: at or under the level of the belly button, about two inches away from the navel

2. Arm: back or side of the upper arm

3.Thigh: front of the thigh

Angle: 45 degrees

Dosage: The dosage that can be given subcutaneous injection is usually less than 1 ml, but
up to 2 ml is safe.

QF-PQM-035 (02.27.2021) Rev.3

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 EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE
Gov. D. Mangubat Ave., Brgy. Burol Main, City of Dasmariñas, Cavite 4114, Philippines Tel.
Nos. (046) 416-4339/41 www.eac.edu.ph

` SCHOOL OF

5. IV intravenous - A medicine or other substance is directly injected into the

bloodstream through a vein during an IV intravenous injection.

The most common injections sites:

For the short-term IV line include forearm location, such as the wrist or elbow, or the back of the
hand. Some situations may require using the outer surface of the foot.

Angle: The needle should always be inserted into a vein with the bevel(opening) pointing up, at
a 15 to 30-degree angle, and in a direction that points toward the heart.

Dosage: A syringe is inserted into your catheter to quickly send a one-time dose of a drug
into your bloodstream.

Many different types of medications can be given by IV. Some of the drugs more commonly
given by this method include:

 chemotherapy drugs such as doxorubicin, vincristine, cisplatin, and paclitaxel

 antibiotics such as vancomycin, meropenem, and gentamicin

 antifungal drugs such as micafungin and amphotericin

 pain relief medications such as hydromorphone and morphine

QF-PQM-035 (02.27.2021) Rev.3

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 EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE
Gov. D. Mangubat Ave., Brgy. Burol Main, City of Dasmariñas, Cavite 4114, Philippines Tel.
Nos. (046) 416-4339/41 www.eac.edu.ph

` SCHOOL OF

 drugs for low blood pressure such as dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and
dobutamine

 immunoglobulin medications (IVIG)

Intravenous (IV) administration avoids the first-pass drug effect resulting in direct entry of
drugs into the systemic circulation and consequently an immediate drug effect. Intravenously
administered drugs are given either as a “bolus” (within 1–30 min) or an infusion over a period
of many hours.

6. Sublingual involves placing a drug under your tongue to dissolve and absorb into your blood
through the tissue there. This is not a common route of administration, but it offers rapid
absorption into the systemic circulation. The most common example of sublingual administration
is glyceryl trinitrate in the treatment of acute angina.

The doctor may prescribe sublingual or buccal drugs under any of the following circumstances:

 the drug needs to get into your system quickly

 you have trouble swallowing medication

 the medication doesn’t absorb very well in the stomach

 the effects of the drug would be decreased by digestion For

prevention or treatment of angina:

Adults—2.5 to 6.5 milligrams (mg) 3 to 4 times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose as
needed.

Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.

QF-PQM-035 (02.27.2021) Rev.3

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• • • SERVICE
 EMILIO AGUINALDO COLLEGE
Gov. D. Mangubat Ave., Brgy. Burol Main, City of Dasmariñas, Cavite 4114, Philippines Tel.
Nos. (046) 416-4339/41 www.eac.edu.ph

` SCHOOL OF

DOH IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM

Tetanus Toxoid

Tetanus Toxoid is used to prevent tetanus. Tetanus is a serious illness that causes convulsions
(seizures) and severe muscle spasms that can be strong enough to cause bone fractures of the spine.

Immunization against tetanus is recommended for all infants 6 to 8 weeks of age and
older, all children, and all adults.

For injection dosage forms:

Adults, children, and infants 6 weeks of age and older—One dose is given at your first visit, then
a second dose is given four to eight weeks later. Depending on the product given, you may
receive a third dose four to eight weeks after the second dose, and a fourth dose six to twelve
months after that; or you may receive a third dose six to twelve months after the second dose.
Everyone should receive a booster dose every ten years.

route:

The doses are injected under the skin or into a muscle. The preferred injection site in infants and
young children is the vastus lateralis muscle of the thigh.

QF-PQM-035 (02.27.2021) Rev.3

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