Quiz 2

Name: Hameedgul hamidi

Reg num: MPE009

Talc is prospected by three methods which are:

1. Radon gas emanation method
2. Geophysical method (magnetic survey) as talc mother-rock is dolomite and magnesite
3. Geochemical method

Magnetic Survey:
Magnetic methods, which are probably the oldest of geophysical exploration methods, thrived after the
World War II. Magnetic surveys measure the intensity of the earth's magnetic field. Local deviations from
this field are caused by the presence of minerals and rocks which are magnetic or in which magnetism is
induced by the earth's magnetic field.

 Gravity and magnetic data may be used to sense structures several kilometers deep.
 Magnetic field measured during a survey is a reflection of the underlying rock type,
magnetic surveys are useful for the direct detection of, for example, magnetite-bearing or
pyrrhotite-bearing iron, nickel, or copper-lead-zinc deposits, and for geologic mapping.
 Instruments used:
o Portable Magnetometer:
Ground magnetic surveys are increasingly used in mineral exploration since small, portable magnetometers
have been developed.
o Fluxgate magnetometer
o Proton precession magnetometer
 How much magnetic intensity is used:
The intensity of the magnetic field is measured in gammas (1 gamma = 10.6 nT, i. e. Nanotesla). The total
earth's field ranges from 20,000-50,000 gammas and the local magnitude depends on latitude and longitude;
it is subject to variations of 10-30 gammas in daily background, and of 1000 gammas or more caused by
magnetic storms which are related to sunspot activity. These disturbances may at times interfere with
magnetic surveys in which minor contrasts have to be resolved, but most anomalies of exploration
significance are of a much larger magnitude.
 Magnetic surveys cover large areas quickly and provide a preliminary assessment ofthe
distribution of rock types, structures, and ore deposits