Intro3uur Slides

LATEX and MiKTEX
Introduction
http://www.win.tue.nl/∼jknopper/latex/intro
Februari 2012 Jan Willem Knopper (jknopper@win.tue.nl)

Where innovation starts
Contents 2/87
Introduction 3
Text, Symbols and Commands 22
Exercise 36
Document Layout 37
Displaying Text 46
Exercise 53
Mathematics 54
Tables 56
Graphics 68
Including programming statements 79
Exercise 82
/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

Introduction 3/87
LATEX is a document preparation system. It is widely used in the fields of math-

ematics and natural sciences, but also spreading to many other disciplines.
• LATEX is a set of markup commands used with the powerful typesetting pro-
gram TEX.
• totally open software system, free of charge.
• platform independent.

Introduction 3/87
LATEX is a document preparation system. It is widely used in the fields of math-

ematics and natural sciences, but also spreading to many other disciplines.
• LATEX is a set of markup commands used with the powerful typesetting pro-
gram TEX.
• totally open software system, free of charge.
• platform independent.
LATEX is no word processor! LATEX stimulates placing emphasis on content (logi-

cal markup) instead of appearance (typographical markup).

Introduction 4/87

Introduction 4/87
LATEX editor: WinEdt

Introduction 4/87
DVI previewer: Yap

Introduction 4/87
PostScript viewer: GSView

Introduction 4/87
PDF viewer: Adobe (Acrobat) Reader

Introduction 4/87

Introduction 5/87
The LATEX language

• LATEX commands always start with a backslash: \

Introduction 5/87
The LATEX language

• required command arguments are placed between curly brackets: { }

Introduction 5/87
The LATEX language

• optional command arguments are placed between brackets: [ ]

Introduction 5/87
The LATEX language

• comments start with a percentage symbol: %

Introduction 5/87
The LATEX language

• LATEX takes care of the spacing between words and paragraphs (just like
HTML).

Introduction 5/87
The LATEX language

• LATEX takes care of the spacing between words and paragraphs (just like
HTML).
• the commands \begin{ } and \end{ } create environments.

Introduction 6/87
A .tex file
\documentclass[options]{document_class}
% preamble
\begin{document}
% document
\end{document}

Introduction 7/87
A .tex file: intro.tex

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\begin{document}
\section{Introduction}
LaTeX is a document preparation system used to

create documents of high quality typography.
It is mostly used in the fields of mathematics

and natural sciences, but can in fact be used
for any type of publication.
\end{document}

Introduction 8/87
MiKTEX
MiKTEX is an up-to-date TEX implementation for the Windows operating system.
• can be downloaded from http://www.miktex.org
• contains all LATEX related binaries, like
latex.exe, pdflatex.exe, yap.exe, bibtex.exe,
dvips.exe, ps2pdf.exe
• contains all standard packages (will be discussed later)

LATEX Related Programs 9/87
• WinEdt – editor
• Yap – DVI previewer
• GSView – PS previewer
Other useful programs:
• Adobe Acrobat or Adobe Reader – view/edit PDF files
• Corel Designer – Create and export EPS Images
• Libre Office.org Draw – Create and export EPS Images

WinEdt 10/87

WinEdt 11/87

WinEdt 12/87

WinEdt 13/87

WinEdt 14/87

15/87
runs LATEX on the current document. If no errors are found, the re-
sulting DVI file will be opened in Yap.
runs Yap on the generated DVI file.
converts DVI to PostScript.
opens the PostScript file in GSView.
runs PDFLATEX on the current document.
opens the PDF document in Adobe Reader.
opens the document in Yap and jumpt to the current location in
the document.
starts BibTEX(for bibliographies).
generates a master index.
removes all generated auxiliary files (DVI, LOG, PDF, BIB, . . .). Only
the PostScript file will not be deleted.

WinEdt 16/87

Yap 17/87

Yap 18/87
double-click on text for inverse

search

GSView 19/87

WinEdt 20/87

WinEdt 21/87

Text, Symbols and Commands 22/87
A command is an instruction to LATEX to do something special. Three types of

command names:
• the single characters # $ & ~ _ ^ % { } all have special meaning
• to print one of these characters, precede it with a backslash:
\$ \# \% \^
• the backslash character \ plus a sequence of letters, ending with the first
non-letter: \large \Large \bfseries

A command is an instruction to LATEX to do something special. Three types of

command names:
• the single characters # $ & ~ _ ^ % { } all have special meaning
• to print one of these characters, precede it with a backslash:
\$ \# \% \^
• the backslash character \ plus a sequence of letters, ending with the first
non-letter: \large \Large \bfseries
Some commands have a so-called *-form to modify their functionality some-

how. Example:
\section*{Introduction}

Many commands operate on some piece of text, which then appears as an

argument in curly braces following the command name. Examples:
\textbf{bold text}
\begin{document}

Many commands operate on some piece of text, which then appears as an

argument in curly braces following the command name. Examples:
\textbf{bold text}
\begin{document}
Optional arguments are put into square brackets and mandatory arguments
into curly brackets:
\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage[dutch]{babel}

Environments
An environment affects the text within it treating it differently according to the
environment parameters.
This text will not appear centered.
\begin{center}
This text will appear centered.
\end{center}
This text will not appear centered.

Declarations
A declaration is a command that changes the values or meanings of certain
parameters or commands without printing any text. The effect ends when an-
other declaration of the same type is encountered.
This text appears normal while \bfseries this text
appears boldface.

Declarations
A declaration is a command that changes the values or meanings of certain
parameters or commands without printing any text. The effect ends when an-
other declaration of the same type is encountered.
This text appears normal while \bfseries this text
appears boldface.
When the declaration occurs within an environment or within a { } block, its

scope extends only to until the end of this environment or block.
This text appears normal while {\bfseries this text
appears boldface}. This text is normal again.
\begin{center}
\bfseries
This text appears bold.
\end{center}
This text is normal again.

Loading Packages
A package is a set of LATEX commands (or symbols, environments, declarations)
stored in a file with the extension .sty. To invoke a package, simply call
\usepackage{package_name}
in the preamble!
Example: LATEX does not have a command to include graphics, so if we want
to include graphics in our document, we should load the package graphicx
which defines a new command \includegraphics.

Special Characters – Spaces

LATEX takes care of spacing in your document. The following two texts appear
exactly the same in the DVI file:
LaTeX is a document preparation system.

It is widely used in the fields of mathematics
and natural sciences, but also spreading to
many other disciplines.
\section{Introduction}LaTeX is a
document preparation system. It is
widely used in the fields
of
mathematics and natural
sciences,
but also spreading to many other disciplines.


Some rules:
• one blank is the same as a thousand, only the first one counts.
• blanks at the beginning of an input line are ignored.
• blanks terminating a command name are removed.
• the end of a line is treated as a blank.


Some rules:
• one blank is the same as a thousand, only the first one counts.
• blanks at the beginning of an input line are ignored.
• blanks terminating a command name are removed.
• the end of a line is treated as a blank.
To force a space to appear where it would otherwise be ignored: \ .

To force a new line: \newline or \\


Spacing of any desired size may be inserted into the text with the commands
\hspace{10cm}
\hspace*{-3mm}
\hspace has no effect if it should come at the beginning of a line. The *-form
will insert the spacing no matter where it occurs.


\hspace{10cm}
\hspace*{-3mm}
Vertical spacing is created using the \vspace command:

\vspace{10cm}
\vspace*{-3mm}


\hspace{10cm}
\hspace*{-3mm}
Vertical spacing is created using the \vspace command:

\vspace{10cm}
\vspace*{-3mm}
Further commands for increasing the spacing between paragraphs are:

\smallskip \medskip \bigskip

Lengths and units

Lengths consist of a decimal number, followed by a dimensional unit. Some
units:
cm centimeter
mm millimeter
in inch (= 2.54cm)
pt point (1in = 72.27 pt)
em font-specific size: the width of the capital M
ex font-specific size: the height of the letter x

Special Characters – Command Characters

As mentioned before, the characters # $ ~ _ ^ { } % are interpreted as
commands.
To print them as text, give a command consisting of \ plus that character:
\# \$ \~ \_ \^ \{ \} \%
#$˜_ˆ{}%

Special Characters – Command Characters

As mentioned before, the characters # $ ~ _ ^ { } % are interpreted as
commands.
To print them as text, give a command consisting of \ plus that character:
\# \$ \~ \_ \^ \{ \} \%
#$˜_ˆ{}%
To print a backslash, use the command \textbackslash: \

Special Characters – Accents

Diacritical marks or accents can be created with LATEX:
\‘e \’e \^o \"o \~o \=o \v{s} \c{c}
be\"invloeden
het re\"ele deel
Cura\c{c}ao
è é ô ö õ ō š ç
beïnvloeden
het reële deel
Curaçao

Special Characters
Special symbols can be entered directly, but only if the right input encoding
is specified. The input encoding depends on the type and language of the
operating system. We have to load the package inputenc to specify the correct
encoding:
\usepackage[ansinew]{inputenc}
beïnvloeden, reëel, Curaçao

C ƒ © ¥ §
€ƒ©¥§

Special Characters
Special symbols can be entered directly, but only if the right input encoding
is specified. The input encoding depends on the type and language of the
operating system. We have to load the package inputenc to specify the correct
encoding:
\usepackage[ansinew]{inputenc}

C ƒ © ¥ §
€ƒ©¥§
Please note that some of these characters also require the textcomp package.

The Euro Symbol: €

Adobe created a font containing euro symbols which also contains bold, italic
and serif versions. To use these symbols, load the package europs. Now we
can use the following commands:


\EURofc – creates the official Euro symbol: €


\EUR – creates a Euro symbol depending on the current text style


\EUR – creates a Euro symbol depending on the current text style
Bold: €
Italic: €
Sans-serif: €

The date
LATEX contains a macro to print the current date: \today. The format of the
date depends on the language set with the package babel.
\today
February 6, 2012

The date
LATEX contains a macro to print the current date: \today. The format of the
date depends on the language set with the package babel.
\today
February 6, 2012
\selectlanguage{dutch}\today
6 februari 2012

Exercise 36/87
1. create a new LATEX article. Font size: 11pt. Load the package a4wide to
adjust the margins.
2. copy-paste the text from snowwhite.txt in the document body and run LATEX.
Explain what the error message means and fix the error.
3. right before the error, a Euro symbol occurs. Verify that the symbol is not
printed in the DVI file. Make sure that LATEX also prints the Euro symbol.
4. the last line (The End) should be large and centered.
5. create sections: Introduction, The evil stepmother, The great forest, The
seven dwarfs, The murder of Snow White, The funeral, The prince, and The
marriage.
6. create subsections: The cottage, The dwarfs, The encounter, First attempt,
Second attempt, and Third attempt

Document Layout 37/87
Document Class
The first command in a .tex file determines the global processing format for
the entire document:
\documentclass[options]{class}
Supported classes are book, report, article, letter or slides.
Supported options:

Document Class
Supported options:
• font sizes: 10pt 11pt 12pt

Document Class
Supported options:
• paper size: a4paper letterpaper

Document Class
Supported options:
• number of columns: onecolumn twocolumn

Document Class
Supported options:
• number of columns: onecolumn twocolumn
• print style: oneside twoside

Loading packages
Packages are loaded in the preamble. A package is a set of LATEX commands (or
symbols, environments, declarations) stored in a file with the extension .sty.
Important packages:
a4wide uses smaller page margins, which means that more text fits on one
page.
amsmath contains advanced mathematical symbols.
babel loads hyphenation rules for foreign languages.
europs loads the Euro symbol: €.
fancyhdr is used to customise headers and footers.
graphicx defines a command to load external graphics.
hyperref adds interactivity (hyperlinks, bookmarks) to your document.
listings inserting source code with syntax highlighting

Paragraph Formatting
The following parameters affect the appearance of a paragraph:
\parskip the distance between paragraphs, usually in units of ex
\parindent the amount of indentation for the first line of a paragraph
Use the \setlength command to change the values of these parameters.
\setlength{\parskip}{1ex}
\setlength{\parindent}{0mm}

Paragraph Formatting
The following parameters affect the appearance of a paragraph:
\parskip the distance between paragraphs, usually in units of ex
\parindent the amount of indentation for the first line of a paragraph
Use the \setlength command to change the values of these parameters.
\setlength{\parskip}{1ex}
\setlength{\parindent}{0mm}
To suppress the indentation for one paragraph, or to force it:

\noindent
\indent

Parts of the Document – Title Page

\title{Title text}
\author{Author names and addresses}
\date{Date text}
\maketitle


\title{Title text}
\date{Date text}
\maketitle
Use the \and command to define multiple authors:

\author{Jan Willem Knopper\\ jknopper@win.tue.nl \and
Marko Boon\\ marko@win.tue.nl}


\title{Title text}
\date{Date text}
\maketitle
Use the \and command to define multiple authors:

\author{Jan Willem Knopper\\ jknopper@win.tue.nl \and
Marko Boon\\ marko@win.tue.nl}
Use \date{} to omit the date.

Parts of the Document – Abstract

The abstract is produced with the abstract environment:
\begin{abstract}
Text for the abstract.
\end{abstract}
In document class report the abstract appears on a separate page (without
page number).
In document class article the abstract appears below the title.

Parts of the Document – Sections and chapters

The following commands produce automatic, sequential sectioning:
\chapter{ } \chapter*{ }
\section{ } \section*{ }
\subsection{ } \subsection*{ }
\subsubsection{ } \subsubsection*{ }

Parts of the Document – Sections and chapters

The following commands produce automatic, sequential sectioning:
\chapter{ } \chapter*{ }
\section{ } \section*{ }
\subsection{ } \subsection*{ }
\subsubsection{ } \subsubsection*{ }
Remarks:
• The command \chapter exists in document classes book and report
only.
• A * behind the command results in the unnumbered version which will not
be included in the table of contents.

Parts of the Document – Appendix

An appendix is introduced with the declaration \appendix
• Resets the section/chapter counter
• Changes the numbering form from numerals to capital letters (A, B, . . . )
• Replaces the word “Chapter” by “Appendix”.
Please note that the actual word “Appendix” is not added to the table of con-
tents!

Table of Contents
The table of contents is generated and printed with the command
\tableofcontents (normally after title page and abstract).
All entries are created automatically, based on the sectioning commands. You
have to run latex twice to get all references right!

Table of Contents
The table of contents is generated and printed with the command
\tableofcontents (normally after title page and abstract).
All entries are created automatically, based on the sectioning commands. You
have to run latex twice to get all references right!
TeXify and PDFTeXify

If you use the button for (PDF)TeXify instead of (PDF)LaTeX, WinEdt will run
LaTeX, BibTeX, makeindex as many times as necessary.
TeXify
PDFTeXify

Labels and References

The command \label{marker} stores the current value of the relevant
counter (section, chapter, equation, figure, table etc.) at that point in the text.
To refer to a label, use:
\ref to print the section, chapter, equation, figure or table number.
\pageref to print the page number on which the \label command was is-
sued.

Labels and References

The command \label{marker} stores the current value of the relevant
counter (section, chapter, equation, figure, table etc.) at that point in the text.
To refer to a label, use:
\ref to print the section, chapter, equation, figure or table number.
\pageref to print the page number on which the \label command was is-
sued.
\section{Labels and References\label{labels}}
In section \ref{labels} you will find information

on how to create labels and references in \LaTeX.
The sections starts on page \pageref{labels}.

Displaying Text 46/87
Changing Font Style

The following commands and declarations change the current font style:
Command Declaration Result
\emph \em emphasised
\textrm \rmfamily Roman font family
\texttt \ttfamily Typewriter font family
\textsf \sffamily Sans serif font family
\textup \upshape Normal, upright font shape
\textit \itshape Italic font shape
\textsl \slshape Slanted font shape
\textsc \scshape S MALL C APS FONT SHAPE
\textbf \bfseries Boldface font weight
\textmd \mdseries normal (medium) font weight

Changing Font Style – Example

This is normal text with one \textit{italic} word.
{\sffamily This whole \itshape line is \textbf{sans}
serif.}
\textbf{\textit{Bold and italic}}
Do you see the difference?

\emph{emphasised}, \textit{italic}, \textsl{slanted}


serif.}

This is normal text with one italic word. This whole line is sans serif.
Bold and italic
Do you see the difference? emphasised, italic, slanted


serif.}

This is normal text with one italic word. This whole line is sans serif.
Bold and italic
Do you see the difference? emphasised, italic, slanted
This is an italic sentence containing an emphasised word.

Font Size
The font size can be changed using one of the following declarations:
Declaration Result
\tiny smallest
\scriptsize very small
\footnotesize smaller
\small small
\normalsize normal
\large large
\Large larger
\LARGE even larger
\huge still larger
\Huge largest

Lists
There are three environments available for producing formatted lists: itemize,
enumerate and description.
\begin{itemize}
\item This is the first item
\item This is the second item
\item This is an item with a nested list:
\begin{itemize}
\item This list has different labels.
\item Another item.
\end{itemize}
\item the final item?
\item[+] it is even possible to change the label
\end{itemize}

Lists – Itemize
• This is the first item
• This is the second item
• This is an item with a nested list:
– This list has different labels.
– Another item.
• the final item?
+ it is even possible to change the label

Lists – Enumerate
\begin{enumerate}
\item This is the first item
\item This is another item \label{lab}
\item This is an item with a nested list:
\begin{enumerate}
\item This list has different labels.
\item In this item we refer to item \ref{lab}.
\end{enumerate}
\item the final item
\end{enumerate}

Lists – Enumerate
1. This is the first item
2. This is another item
3. This is an item with a nested list:
(a) This list has different labels.
(b) In this item we refer to item 2.
4. the final item

Exercise 53/87
1. add the a4paper option to the document class.

2. use the paragraph formatting commands to set the default paragraph in-
dent to 0 and the default paragraph skip to 1ex.
3. use the appropriate author and title commands to create the title.
4. create an abstract environment
5. add a table of contents after the abstract.
6. change the font size of the last line (The End) to Huge.
7. add a numbered list in section 4.2 (The Dwarfs)

Mathematics 54/87
Mathematical environments:

Mathematics 54/87
• $ ... $
mathematics in a line of text (inline).

Mathematics 54/87
• $ ... $
• \[ ... \]
mathematics in a separate paragraph.

Mathematics 54/87
• $ ... $
• \[ ... \]
• \begin{equation} ... \end{equation}
mathematics in a separate paragraph, including equation number.

Mathematics 54/87
• $ ... $
• \[ ... \]
• \begin{equation} ... \end{equation}
mathematics in a separate paragraph, including equation number.
• \begin{eqnarray} ... \end{eqnarray}
multiline mathematical equations, properly aligned.

Mathematics 55/87
Example
Everybody knows that $\sin \pi$ is equal to $0$.
\begin{eqnarray*}
\lim_{x \rightarrow 0} \frac{\sin x}{x} &=& 1\\
\sum_{k=0}^\infty x^k &=& \frac{1}{1-x} \quad (|x|<1)
\end{eqnarray*}

Mathematics 55/87
Example
Everybody knows that $\sin \pi$ is equal to $0$.
\begin{eqnarray*}
\lim_{x \rightarrow 0} \frac{\sin x}{x} &=& 1\\
\sum_{k=0}^\infty x^k &=& \frac{1}{1-x} \quad (|x|<1)
\end{eqnarray*}
Everybody knows that sin π is equal to 0.
sin x
lim = 1
x→0 x
∞
X 1
xk = (|x| < 1)
1−x
k=0

Tables 56/87
The environments array and tabular create tables and matrices. The usage of
array is the same as for tabular, but it can only be used in math mode.
\begin{array}[pos]{cols}
rows
\end{array}
\begin{tabular}[pos]{cols}
rows
\end{tabular}
The pos argument defines the vertical positioning for the table: t or b (top or
bottom)

Tables 57/87
The cols argument defines the column formatting. The possible formatting
symbols are:
l the column contents are left justified
r the column contents are right justified
c the column contents are centered
p{width } the text in this column is set in a paragraph box of the specified
width.
| draws a vertical line
|| draws a double vertical line

Tables 58/87
The rows contain the actual entries. Each row is terminated with the \\ com-
mand. The column entries are separated by a & symbol.

Tables 58/87
The command \hline draws a horizontal line over the full width.
The command \cline{m-n} draws a horizontal line from the left of column
m to the right of column n.

Tables 58/87
The command \hline draws a horizontal line over the full width.
The command \cline{m-n} draws a horizontal line from the left of column
m to the right of column n.
The command \multicolumn{n}{col}{text} creates a table cell that

extends n columns. The column formatting for this cell is defined by col.

Tables 59/87
Example 1
Stand Eredivisie 6 februari 2011
P W D L Pts +/-
1 PSV 22 14 5 3 47 58-21
2 FC Twente 22 14 5 3 47 45-24
3 Ajax 22 13 5 4 44 44-20
4 FC Groningen 22 13 4 5 43 49-28
5 ADO Den Haag 22 11 5 6 38 40-32
6 AZ 22 10 7 5 37 34-23
7 Roda JC 22 9 8 5 35 37-30
8 FC Utrecht 22 10 4 8 34 36-28
9 Heerenveen 22 8 7 7 31 42-33
10 NAC Breda * 22 9 4 9 30 31-36
11 NEC 22 6 9 7 27 36-38
12 Graafschap 22 6 7 9 25 22-39
13 Heracles Almelo 22 6 6 10 24 32-40
14 Vitesse 22 5 7 10 22 27-37
15 Feyenoord 22 5 6 11 21 25-39
16 Excelsior 22 5 4 13 19 25-45
17 VVV-Venlo 22 4 1 17 13 22-51
18 Willem II 22 1 4 17 7 19-60

Tables 60/87
Example 1
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|cccc|r|c|}
\hline
\multicolumn{8}{|c|}{Eredivisie 6 februari 2011} \\
\hline
& & P & W & D & L & Pts & +/- \\
\hline
1 & PSV & 22 & 14 &
5 & 3 & 47 & 58-21 \\
2 & FC Twente & 22 & 14 &
5 & 3 & 47 & 45-24 \\
...
18 & Willem II & 22 & 1 &

4 & 17 & 7 & 19-60 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
Tables 61/87
Example 2
Model Description Price
APV Desktop: Intel Core i3 530 processor, 3 GB € 399.00
memory, 500 GB Hard disk, Onboard HD video-
card, Dual Layer DVD±ReWriter, excl. OS
APP5 Desktop DeLuxe: Intel Core i5 750 proces- € 699.00
sor, 4 GB memory, 1000 GB Hard disk, ATI
Radeon HD5670 with 512 MB, Dual Layer
DVD±ReWriter, excl. OS

Tables 62/87
Example 2
\begin{tabular}{lp{0.5\textwidth}r}
\bfseries Model & \bfseries Description &
\bfseries Price \\[1ex]
APV & \small \textbf{Desktop}: Intel Core i3 530

processor, 3~GB memory, 500~GB Hard disk,
Onboard HD videocard, Dual Layer DVD$\pm$ReWriter,
excl. OS & \EUR{} 399.00 \\
APP5 & \small \textbf{Desktop DeLuxe}: Intel Core

i5 750 processor, 4~GB memory, 1000~GB Hard disk,
ATI Radeon HD5670 with 512~MB, Dual Layer
DVD$\pm$ReWriter, excl. OS & \EUR{} 699.00 \\
\end{tabular}

Tables 63/87
WinEdt has a useful plug-in to insert tables:

Tables 64/87

Tables 65/87

Tables 66/87

Tables 67/87
Excel to LATEX Add-In

1. download the Excel macro: Excel2LaTeX.xla
2. Start Excel and install the Add-in:
• Tools −→ Add-Ins...
• Browse...
• Browse for the Add-In and click Ok
3. Restart Excel
4. A button has been added to the toolbar:

5. Create a table in Excel, select the table and press this button.
6. Copy-paste to WinEdt

Graphics 68/87
Graphics Inclusion
To include an external graphics file:

Graphics 68/87
Graphics Inclusion
• Load the package graphicx in the preamble:

\usepackage{graphicx}

Graphics 68/87
Graphics Inclusion
• Load the package graphicx in the preamble:

\usepackage{graphicx}
• Include the graphics using this command:

\includegraphics[width=0.7\linewidth]{filename}

Graphics 69/87
EPS PDF JPG GIF PNG

Supported File Formats: LATEX yes no yes ∗ no yes ∗
PDFLATEX no yes yes no yes
Please notice: only EPS and PDF are scalable. Use JPG and PNG just for pho-
tographs!
Many programs can generate EPS images. Use Corel Designer to export im-
ages created in other programs. Copy/Paste the objects in Corel Designer and
export to EPS.
Use EPS2PDF (on your desktop) to convert EPS to PDF.
∗does not work automatically when working with LATEX. You should enter the
coordinates of the bounding box manually.

Graphics 70/87
\includegraphics[options]{filename}

Graphics 70/87
When including EPS or PDF files, use the file name without extension!
LATEX will take the EPS, PDFLATEX will take the PDF.

Graphics 70/87
When including EPS or PDF files, use the file name without extension!
LATEX will take the EPS, PDFLATEX will take the PDF.
Supported options are:

scale=number magnifies the figure by number over its natural size.
width=length specifies the width to which the figure should be scaled
height=length specifies the height to which the figure should be scaled
angle=number rotates the figure counterclockwise over the specified angle
(in degrees)
bb=llx lly urx ury enters the coordinates of the bounding box manually.

Graphics 71/87
You can create a figure environment to create “floating” figures. LATEX will put
the image at the location that you specify, or on the top of the next page if the
figure does not fit at the current page. In a figure environment you can add a
caption and a label to refer to the figure.
\begin{figure}[ht]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics{normal}
\end{center}
\caption{Two dimensional normal distribution}
\label{fig:normal}
\end{figure}

Graphics 71/87
You can create a figure environment to create “floating” figures. LATEX will put
the image at the location that you specify, or on the top of the next page if the
figure does not fit at the current page. In a figure environment you can add a
caption and a label to refer to the figure.
\begin{figure}[ht]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics{normal}
\end{center}
\caption{Two dimensional normal distribution}
\label{fig:normal}
\end{figure}
Now we can refer to the image:

See figure \ref{fig:normal}.

Graphics 72/87
WinEdt has a useful plug-in to insert pictures:

Graphics 73/87

Graphics 74/87
Remove absolute path

and extension

Graphics 75/87
Scalable and non-scalable graphics

1
P
7Π

6
Π

6
O 1

Graphics 76/87
Scalable and non-scalable graphics

P
Π

6
1
Scalable graphics formats: Non-scalable graphics formats:
EPS, PDF, WMF, EMF, SVG. JPG, GIF, BMP, PNG.
But also: all scalable formats!

Graphics 77/87
Scalable Graphics Software

• Corel Designer,
• CorelDraw,
• Adobe Illustrator,
• Microsoft Visio,
• Microsoft Office Drawing,
• OpenOffice.org Draw,
• all computer algebra software (Mathematica, Matlab, Maple)
Non-scalable Graphics Software

• Adobe PhotoShop,
• Paint Shop Pro,
• MS Paint,
• all digital photo editing software!

Graphics 78/87
Including JPG/PNG Images

LATEX (unlike PDFLATEX) cannot determine the bounding box automatically.
JPEG Image, 2304 × 1728 pixels,

72dpi, taken with 4.0 megapixel digital
camera

Graphics 78/87
Including JPG/PNG Images

LATEX (unlike PDFLATEX) cannot determine the bounding box automatically.
JPEG Image, 2304 × 1728 pixels,

72dpi, taken with 4.0 megapixel digital
camera
\includegraphics[width=8cm,bb=0 0 2304 1728]

{holiday.jpg}

Including programming statements 79/87
The package listings formats listings. It defines the following commands:

• \lstlisting{...} for inline programming statements.
• \begin{lstlisting} ... \end{lstlisting} for multi-line list-
ings.
• \lstinputlisting{filename} imports a complete source file

Customizing listings
Using the command \lstset you can customize the language and appear-
ance of the listing:
\lstset{
language=Java,
basicstyle=\color{black}\ttfamily,
commentstyle=\color{green}\itshape\ttfamily,
keywordstyle=\color{blue}\bfseries\ttfamily,
showstringspaces=false,
frame=single, % boxed listings
backgroundcolor=\color{white}
}
Supported languages: too many to mention. Included are Basic, C, C++, Del-
phi, Fortran, HTML, Java, Mathematica, Matlab, Pascal, Perl, PHP, SAS, SQL,
TeX, VBScript, XML.

Alternatively, you can specify options like this:
\definecolor{myyellow}{rgb}{1.00,1.00,0.50}
\begin{lstlisting}[language=Pascal,
backgroundcolor=\color{myyellow}]
readln(N);
for i := 1 to N do
begin
writeln(random)
end
\end{lstlisting}

Alternatively, you can specify options like this:
\definecolor{myyellow}{rgb}{1.00,1.00,0.50}
\begin{lstlisting}[language=Pascal,
backgroundcolor=\color{myyellow}]
readln(N);
for i := 1 to N do
begin
writeln(random)
end
\end{lstlisting}
readln(N);
for i := 1 to N do
begin
writeln(random)
end

Exercise 82/87
1. insert the picture snowwhite.jpg between the title and the abstract.

I want to know more about LATEX!!! 83/87
• The LaTeX manual, written by Piet van Oostrum. This is available at the
sales point of TU/e syllabi. PDF version already on your laptop!
A Guide to LaTeX, by Helmut Kopka.
• ISBN 0-321-17385-6.
The LaTeX Companion Second Edition, by Mittelbach

• and Goossens. ISBN 0-201-36299-6.
• TU/e LaTeX FAQ: http://www.win.tue.nl/latex

• information about a package: Start Menu, MiKTeX group, Documentation,
LaTeX Packages Help.

WinEdt

WinEdt

WinEdt

WinEdt

Intro3uur Slides

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Intro3uur Slides

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

LATEX and MiKTEX

Februari 2012 Jan Willem Knopper (jknopper@win.tue.nl)

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

LATEX is a document preparation system. It is widely used in the fields of math-

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

LATEX is a document preparation system. It is widely used in the fields of math-

LATEX is no word processor! LATEX stimulates placing emphasis on content (logi-

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

LATEX editor: WinEdt

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

DVI previewer: Yap

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

PostScript viewer: GSView

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

PDF viewer: Adobe (Acrobat) Reader

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

The LATEX language

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

The LATEX language

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

The LATEX language

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

The LATEX language

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

The LATEX language

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

The LATEX language

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

A .tex file: intro.tex

LaTeX is a document preparation system used to

It is mostly used in the fields of mathematics

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

double-click on text for inverse

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

A command is an instruction to LATEX to do something special. Three types of

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

A command is an instruction to LATEX to do something special. Three types of

Some commands have a so-called *-form to modify their functionality some-

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

Many commands operate on some piece of text, which then appears as an

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

Many commands operate on some piece of text, which then appears as an

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012

When the declaration occurs within an environment or within a { } block, its

/ department of mathematics and computer science Februari 2012