DEUTERONOMY PART 3,

DEUTERONOMY Chapter 20

Rules for Military Service

Deuteronomy 20:1 If you have to go to war, you may find yourselves facing an enemy army bigger
than yours and with horses and chariots. But do not be afraid! YHWH your god who rescued you
from Egypt, will help you fight. 2 And when the battle is now at hand, the priest shall stand before
the army, and speak to the people in this manner:

3 "Soldiers of Israel, listen to me! Today when you go into battle, do not be afraid of the enemy,
and when you see them, do not panic." 4 For it is YHWH your god who advances with you, to fight
with you against your enemies, and who is able to save you.

5 Then the family elders will say to the troops: If any of you have built a new house, but haven't
yet moved in, you may go home. It is not right for you to die in battle and for somebody else to
live in your new house.

6 If any of you have planted a vineyard but haven't had your first grape harvest, you may go home.
It isn't right for you to die in battle and for somebody else to enjoy your grapes.

7 If any of you are engaged to be married, you may go back home and get married. It isn't right for
you to die in battle and for somebody else to marry the woman you are engaged to.

8 Finally, if any of you are afraid, you may go home. We don't want you to discourage the other
soldiers. 9 When the elders are finished giving these orders, they will appoint officers to be in
command of the army.

10 "When you go to attack a city, you must first offer peace to the people there. 11 If they accept
your offer and open their gates, all the people in it shall be subject to compulsory labor and shall
work for you. 12 But if the city refuses to make peace with you and fights against you, you should
surround the city. 13 And when YHWH your god lets you take the city, you must kill all the men in
it. 14 But you may take for yourselves the women, the children, the livestock, and everything else
in the city. 15 You may use all these things. YHWH your god has given these things to you.

16 However, you must not spare anyone's life in the cities of these nations that YHWH your God is
giving you as your inherent property. 17 But you shall utterly exterminate the Hittites, the
Amorites, the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, as YHWH your god has
commanded you.

18 Otherwise, they will teach you to do all the disgusting things they do for their gods, and you
will sin against YHWH your god.

19 This is what you must do whenever you blockade a city for a long time in order to capture it in
war. Don't harm any of its fruit trees with an ax, for you can eat the fruit. Never cut those trees
down, because the trees of the field are not people you have come to do battle. 20 You may cut
down trees that you know are not fruit trees and use them to assist in your blockade until you
capture the city.

DEUTERONOMY Chapter 21

Atonement for an Unsolved Murder

Deuteronomy 21:1 "Suppose someone is found murdered in a field in the land YHWH your god
is giving you, and you don't know who committed the murder. 2 Then your elders and judges
shall come forth and determine the distance to the cities from the one who is slain. 3 and it shall
be that the elders of the city which is closest to the dead man shall take a heifer, which has not
served, and which has not drawn in the yoke; 4 They and some of the priests will take this heifer
to a nearby valley where there is a stream, but no crops. Once they reach the valley, the leaders
will break the heifer's neck. 5 The priests must be there, because YHWH your god has chosen
them to be his special servants at the place of worship. YHWH has chosen them to bless the
people in his name and to be judges in all legal cases, whether property or injury is involved. 6
And all the elders of that city closest to the slain man shall wash their hands over the heifer
whose neck was broken in the valley, 7 and say, "We had no part in this murder, and we don't
know who did it.

8 But since an innocent person was murdered, we beg you, our god to accept this sacrifice and
forgive Israel. We are your people, and you rescued us. Please do not hold this crime against us." 9
If you obey YHWH and do these things, you will be free of blood guilt before YHWH.

Marrying a War Bride

10 From time to time, you men will serve as soldiers and go off to war. YHWH your god will help
you defeat your enemies, and you will take many prisoners. 11 Among these prisoners may be
beautiful women, and you may want to marry one of them. 12 But first you must bring her into
your home, and have her shave her head, cut her nails, get rid of her foreign clothes, and start
wearing Israelite clothes. 13 She must be allowed to mourn a month for her father and mother,
before you can marry her.

14 But later, if it happens that you are no longer pleased with her, let her go wherever she wants.
You must never sell her or mistreat her as if she were a slave, since you've already had sex with
her.15 "A man might have two wives. He might love one wife more than the other. Both wives
might have children for him, but the firstborn son might be from the wife he does not love. 16
When the man divides his property among his children, he cannot transfer the rights of the
firstborn to the son of his favorite wife.

Inheritance Rights of the Firstborn

17 The man must accept the firstborn son from the wife he does not love. The man must give that
son a double share of everything he owns because that son is his first child. The right of the
firstborn still belongs to that son.

A Disobedient Son Who is Stubborn

18 "A man might have a son who is stubborn and disobedient. He does not obey his father or
mother. They punish the son, but he still refuses to listen to them.

19 His father and mother must then take him to the elders of the town at the town meeting place.
20 They must testify to the elders of the town: 'Our son is stubborn and refuses to obey. He does
not do anything we tell him to do. He eats and he drinks too much.'
21 Then the men in the town must kill the disobedient son with stones. By doing this you will
remove this evil influence from your group. Everyone in Israel will hear about this and be afraid.

Cursed is Anyone Hung on a Post

22 And if a man has committed a sin worthy of death and he is put to death and afterward you
hang him on a post, 23 you must not let that body stay on the post overnight. You must be sure to
bury this man on the same day, because the one who hangs on a post is accursed by God, and you
must not let the land that YHWH your god is giving you become polluted.

DEUTERONOMY Chapter 22

Miscellaneous Laws

Deuteronomy 22:1 "If you see that a neighbor's ox or sheep is running loose, you must not ignore
it. 2 Be sure to take it back to its owner. 3 That's what you should do if you find anything that
belongs to someone else. Do whatever you can to help, whether you find a cow or sheep or
donkey, some clothing or anything else belonging to someone else. 4 "If your neighbor's donkey
or ox has fallen down on the road, you must not ignore it. You must help your neighbor lift it up
again. 5 'A woman must not dress herself like a man, nor a man like a woman; anyone who does
this is detestable to YHWH your God.

6 "You might be walking along a path and find a bird's nest in a tree or on the ground. If the
mother bird is sitting with her baby birds or on the eggs, you must not take the mother bird with
the babies. 7 You may take the babies for yourself, but you must let the mother go. If you obey
these laws, things will go well for you, and you will live a long time. 8 When you build a new
house, then you shall put parapet around your flat roof, so that no one may fall from there and
bring blood guilt upon your house.

9 "Do not plant a different crop in the same field with your grapevines; if you do, you are
forbidden to use either the grapes or the produce of the other crop. 10 "Do not hitch an ox and a
donkey together for plowing. 11 "Do not wear cloth made by weaving wool and linen together.
12 On the four edges of your robe, with which your body is covered, put ornaments of twisted
threads.

Marriage Violations

13 "Suppose a man marries a young woman and later he decides he doesn't want her. 14 So he
makes up false charges against her, accusing her of not being a virgin when they got married. 15
"If this happens, the young woman's parents are to take the blood-stained wedding sheet that
proves she was a virgin, and they are to show it in court to the town elders.
16 If her father says to them, 'I gave my daughter to this man in marriage, and now he doesn't
want her. 17 He has made false charges against her, saying that she was not a virgin when he
married her. But here is the proof that my daughter was a virgin; look at the bloodstains on the
wedding sheet!'

18 Then the town leaders are to take the husband and beat him. 19 They are also to fine him a
hundred pieces of silver and give the money to the young woman's father, because the man has
brought disgrace on an Israelite woman. Moreover, she will continue to be his wife, and he can
never divorce her as long as he lives.

20 "But if the charge is true and there is no proof that she was a virgin, 21 then they are to take
her out to the entrance of her father's house, where the men of her city are to stone her to death.
She has done a shameful thing among our people by having intercourse before she was married,
while she was still living in her father's house. In this way you will get rid of this evil.

22 If a man is caught having intercourse with another man's wife, both of them are to be put to
death. In this way you will get rid of this evil.

23 Suppose a man is caught in a town having intercourse with a young woman who is engaged to
someone else. 24 You are to take them outside the town and stone them to death. She is to die
because she did not cry out for help, although she was in a town, where she could have been
heard. And the man is to die because he had intercourse with someone who was engaged. In this
way you will get rid of this evil.

25 "Suppose a man out in the countryside rapes a young woman who is engaged to someone else.
Then only the man is to be put to death; 26 nothing is to be done to the woman, because she has
not committed a sin worthy of death. This case is the same as when one man attacks another man
and murders him. 27 The man raped the engaged woman in the countryside, and although she
cried for help, there was no one to help her.

28 "Suppose a man is caught raping a young woman who is not engaged. 29 He is to pay her
father the bride price of fifty pieces of silver, and she is to become his wife, because he forced her
to have intercourse with him. He can never divorce her as long as he lives.

30 "No man is to disgrace his father by having intercourse with any of his father's wives.

DEUTERONOMY Chapter 23

Exclusion from Worship of YHWH

Deuteronomy 23:1 No man whose private parts have been wounded or cut off may come into the
meeting of YHWH's people. 2 No one born outside of a legal marriage, or any of their descendants
for ten generations, can fully belong to YHWH's people. 3 "An Ammonite or Moabite may not join
with the men of Israel when they gather to worship YHWH. And none of their descendants, to the
tenth generation, may join in the worship of YHWH.

4 The Ammonites and Moabites refused to give you bread and water on your trip at the time you
came from Egypt. They also tried to hire Balaam, the son of Beor from the Mesopotamian city of
Pethor, to curse you.
5 But YHWH your god refused to do what Balaam asked. Instead, YHWH changed the curse into a
blessing for you because YHWH your god loves you. 6 You must never try to make peace with the
Ammonites or Moabites. As long as you live, do not be friends to them.

7 "You must not hate Edomites, because they are your relatives. You must not hate Egyptians,
because you received hospitality as strangers in their land. 8 The children of the third generation
born to the Edomites and Egyptians may join with the people of Israel to worship YHWH.

Uncleanness in Your Camp

9 When you go forth against your enemies and are in camp, you shall keep yourselves from every
evil thing. 10 If a man becomes unclean because he has had a wet dream during the night, he is to
go outside the camp and stay there 11 until late afternoon. Then he must take a bath, and at sunset
he can go back into camp.
12 "You also must have a place outside the camp where people can use toilet facilities to relieve
themselves. 13 And make sure that you have a small shovel in your equipment. When you go out
to the toilet area, use the shovel to dig a hole. Then, after you relieve yourself, bury the waste in
the hole.

14 You must keep your camp clean of filthy and disgusting things. YHWH is always present in
your camp, ready to rescue you and give you victory over your enemies. But if he sees something
disgusting in your camp, he may turn around and leave.

Other Laws

15 If foreign slaves who escaped from their masters seek refuge with you, do not force them to
return.16 Let them live among you wherever they like and in whatever town they choose. Do not
oppress them. 16 Never be cruel to a runaway slave.

17 There shall be no prostitute among the daughters of Israel, nor shall there be a homosexual
among the sons of Israel. 18 Do not bring to the house of YHWH your god any offering from the
earnings of a prostitute, or of a dog, whether a man or a woman, for both are detestable to YHWH
your god.

19 "Do not charge interest on the loans you make to a fellow Israelite, whether it is money, food,
or anything else that may be loaned with interest. 20 You may charge a foreigner interest, but not
an Israelite. Then YHWH your god will bless you in everything you do once you have entered the
land and taken possession of it.

21 When you make a vow to YHWH, do not be slow to fulfill it: for without doubt YHWH your god
will make you responsible, and will put failure to do so to your account as sin.

22 On the other hand, if you never make a sacred promise, you cannot be guilty of breaking it. 23
Make sure you do what you said you would do in your vow. You freely chose to make your vow to
YHWH your god.

24 If you go into a vineyard that belongs to someone else, you are allowed to eat as many grapes
as you want while you are there. But do not take any with you when you leave. 25 And when you
go through another person's field of grain, you may eat all the grain you can pick with your hands.
But you cannot use a sickle to cut that person's grain and take it away with you.

DEUTERONOMY Chapter 24

Marriage and Divorce

Deuteronomy 24:1 "Suppose a man marries a woman but later discovers something about her that
is shameful. So, he writes her a letter of divorce, gives it to her, and sends her away. 2 When she
has left his house, she may go and become another man's wife.

3 But suppose the new husband also does not like her and sends her away. If that man divorces
her, the first husband may not take her again to be his wife. Or if the new husband dies, her first
husband may not take her again to be his wife. She has become unclean to him. If he married her
again, he would be doing something YHWH hates. 4 You must not sin like this in the land that
YHWH your god is giving you.
5 "When a man is newly married, he must not be sent into the army. And he must not be given
any other special work. For one year he must be free to stay home and make his new wife happy.

More Laws

6 When you lend money to someone, you are allowed to keep something of theirs as a guarantee
that they will pay back the loan. But do not take something they need to make their living or else
they may starve.
7 "If anyone kidnaps a fellow Israelite and treats him as a slave or sells him, the kidnapper must
die. You must cleanse evil from among you.

8 Take heed in the plague of leprosy, that you watch diligently and do according to all that the
Levitical priests shall teach you. Do just as I have commanded them.

9 Remember what YHWH your god did to Miriam as you were coming from Egypt.

10 "When you give someone any kind of loan, you must not go into their house to get security. 11
You must wait outside then the person who you gave the loan will bring out the security to you. 12
If he is a poor man, then he might give the clothes that keep him warm. You must not keep that
security overnight. 13 You must give his security back to him every evening. Then he will have
clothes to sleep in. He will bless you, and YHWH your god will accept this as living right and
doing good.

14' If you hire poor people to work for you, don't hold back their pay, whether they are Israelites
or foreigners who live in your town. 15 Each day before sunset pay them for that day's work; they
need the money and have counted on getting it. If you do not pay them, they will cry out against
you to YHWH, and you will be guilty of sin.

16 "Parents are not to be put to death for crimes committed by their children, and children are not
to be put to death for crimes committed by their parents; people are to be put to death only for a
crime they themselves have committed.

17 Do not deprive a foreigner living among you or an orphan of justice and you must never accept
a widow’s garment as security for her debt.
18 Remember, you were poor slaves in Egypt. And YHWH your god took you from that place and
set you free. That is why I tell you to do these things for the poor.

19 If you forget to bring in a stack of harvested grain, don't go back in the field to get it. Leave it
for the poor, including foreigners, orphans, and widows, and the LORD will make you successful
in everything you do. 20 When you harvest your grain, don't try to get every last bit for yourself,
but leave some for the poor. 21 And when you pick your grapes, go over the vines only once, then
let the poor have what is left.

22 You lived in poverty as slaves in Egypt until YHWH your god rescued you. That's why I am
giving you these laws.

DEUTERONOMY Chapter 25

Merciful Justice

Deuteronomy 25:1 "Suppose two people take a dispute to court, and the judges declare that one is
right and the other is wrong. 2 If the guilty one is sentenced to be beaten, the judge is to make him
lie face downward and have him whipped. The number of lashes will depend on the crime he has
committed. 3 The judge may impose forty strokes but no more; otherwise, by the infliction of
more, serious injury may be caused, and your brother be humiliated before you.

4 "When an animal is being used to separate grain, you must not cover its mouth or stop it from
eating in any other way.

Brothers, Widowhood and Marriage

5 When brothers live together and one of them dies without having a son, his widow must not
marry outside the family. Her husband's brother must marry her and sleep with her. He must do
his duty as her brother-in-law.

6 Then the first son she has will be considered the dead man's son, in order to keep the dead
man's name alive in Israel.

7 If the man refuses to take his brother's wife, she must go to the town meeting place and tell the
elders, 'My husband's brother refuses to keep his brother's name alive in Israel. He will not do the
duty of a husband's brother to me.'

8 Then the elders of the city must call the man and talk to him. If the man remains stubborn and
says, 'I still don't want to take her,' 9 then his brother's wife must come to him in front of the
elders. She must take his sandal off his foot and spit in his face. She must say, 'This is being done
to the man who will not give his brother a son!'
10 From then on, the brother's family will be known in Israel as, 'the family of the man whose
sandal was removed.'

11 "If two Israelite men are fighting and the wife of one tries to rescue her husband by grabbing
the testicles of the other man, 12 then you must cut off her hand and show no pity.13 "Two men
might be fighting against each other. One man's wife might come to help her husband, but she
must not grab the other man's testicles.

Weights and Measures

14 In your house, you must always use full and honest measures.15 If you weigh and measure
things honestly, YHWH your god will let you enjoy a long life in the land he is giving you.

16 For the one that does this is an abomination to YHWH your god, as is everyone who does
injustice.

Revenge on Amalek

17 People of Israel, do you remember what the Amalekites did to you after you came out of Egypt?
18 You were tired, and they followed along behind, attacking those who could not keep up with
the others. This showed that the Amalekites have no respect for GOD. 19 YHWH your god will
help you capture the land, and he will give you peace. But when that day comes, you must wipe
out Amalek so completely that no one will remember they ever lived.

DEUTERONOMY Chapter 26

Giving Thanks for Your Deliverance

Deuteronomy 26:1 Now when you have come into the land which YHWH is giving you for your
heritage, and you have made it yours and are living in it; 2 you will gather the crops that grow in
the land YHWH your god is giving you. You must take some of the first crops you gather and put
them in baskets. Then take that part of your harvest to the place that YHWH your god chooses to
be the home for his name. 3 And you shall go to the priest who is officiating in those days, and say
to him, I give thanks this day to YHWH your god that I have come to the land which he swore to
our fathers to give us.

4 "Then the priest will take the basket from you. He will put it down in front of the altar of YHWH
your god.

5 Then, in YHWH’s presence you will recite these words: 'My ancestor was a wandering Syrian,
who took his family to Egypt to live. They were few in number when they went there, but they
became a large and powerful nation. 6 The Egyptians were cruel and had no pity on us. They
mistreated our people and forced us into slavery. 7 We called out for help to you, YHWH, the god
of our ancestors. You heard our cries; you knew we were in trouble and abused. 8 Then you
terrified the Egyptians with your mighty miracles and rescued us from Egypt. 9 You brought us
here and gave us this, a land rich with milk and honey. 10 Now, YHWH, I bring to you the best of
the crops that you have given me.

After you say these things, place the basket in front of YHWH's altar and bow down to worship
him.

11 Then you and your family must celebrate by eating a meal at the place of worship to thank
YHWH your god for giving you such a good harvest. And remember to invite the Levites and
foreigners who live in your town.
12 Every year you are to give ten percent of your harvest to YHWH. But every third year, this ten
percent must be given to the poor who live in your town, including Levites, foreigners, orphans,
and widows. That way, they will have enough to eat.

13Then you must pray: YHWH and our god, you have said that ten percent of my harvest is
sacred. I have obeyed your command and given this to the poor, including the Levites, foreigners,
orphans, and widows. 14 'I have not eaten of it while mourning, nor have I removed any of it while
I was unclean, nor offered any of it to the dead. I have listened to the voice of YHWH my god; I
have done according to all that you have commanded me.15 YHWH, look down from your temple
in heaven and bless your people Israel. You promised our ancestors that you would give us this
land rich with milk and honey, and you have kept your promise.

A People Belonging to YHWH

16 Today, YHWH your god has commanded you to obey these laws and teachings with all your
mind and heart. 17 In response, you have agreed that YHWH will be your god, that you will obey
all his laws and teachings, and that you will listen when he speaks to you.

18 Since you have agreed to obey YHWH, he has agreed that you will be his people and that you
will belong to him, just as he promised. 19 YHWH created all nations, but he will make you more
outstanding than any of them, and you will receive more praise and honor. You will belong only to
YHWH, your god, just as he has promised.

DEUTERONOMY Chapter 27

An Altar on Mount Ebal

Deuteronomy 27:1 Then Moses, along with the Elders of Israel commanded the people, saying;
Keep all the commandments, which you are given this day. 2 "The day you cross the Jordan River
and enter the land that YHWH your god is giving you, set up some large stones and cover them
with plaster. 3 Then write on the stones all these commands and teachings. You must do this
immediately when you go across the Jordan River. Then you may go into the land that YHWH is
giving you, a land filled with an abundance of good things. YHWH the god of your ancestors,
promised to give you this land.

4 Therefore after you have passed over the Jordan, set up the stones which I commanded you this
day, in mount Ebal, and you shall surface them with plaster: 5 At this same place, build an altar
for offering sacrifices to YHWH your God. But not with stones that have been chiseled with iron
tools. 6 Look for stones that can be used without being cut. Then offer sacrifices to please YHWH,
burning them completely on the altar.

7 Next offer sacrifices to ask YHWH's blessing and serve the meat at a sacred meal where you will
celebrate in honor of YHWH. 8 And you shall write upon the stones all the words of this law very
plainly.

9 And Moses and the Levitical priests said to all Israel; Be silent and listen, O Israel! This day you
have become the people of YHWH your god. 10 So you must obey the voice of YHWH your god
and do His commandments and statutes which I command you today.
11 And Moses charged the people the same day, saying, 12 After you cross the Jordan River, you
will go to Mount Gerizim and Mount Ebal. The families of Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar,
Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin will go up on Mount Gerizim, where the people of Israel will
hear the blessings for obedience. 12 The families of Reuben, Gad, Asher, Zebulun, Dan, and
Naphtali will go up on Mount Ebal where they will have to listen to the curses for disobedience.

Curses for Disobedience Announced by Levites

13 The people of the Levi tribe will speak each curse in a loud voice, then the rest of the people
will agree to that curse by saying, "Amen!" Here are the curses:

14 We ask YHWH to put a curse on anyone who makes an idol or worships idols, even secretly. 15
YHWH is disgusted with idols.

16 We ask YHWH to put a curse on all who do not show respect for their father and mother.

17 We ask YHWH to put a curse on anyone who moves the rocks that mark property lines.

18 We ask YHWH to put a curse on anyone who tells blind people to go the wrong way.

19 We ask YHWH to put a curse on anyone who keeps the poor from getting justice, whether
these poor are foreigners, widows, or orphans.

20 We ask YHWH to put a curse on any man who sleeps with his father's wife; that man has
shown no respect for his father's marriage.

21 We ask YHWH to put a curse on anyone who has sex with an animal.

22 We ask YHWH to put a curse on any man who sleeps with his sister or his half-sister or his
mother-in-law.

23 We ask YHWH to put a curse on anyone who commits murder, even when there are no
witnesses to the crime.

24 We ask YHWH to put a curse on anyone who accepts money to murder an innocent victim.

25 We ask YHWH to put a curse on anyone who refuses to obey his laws. 26 And so, to each of
these curses, the people will answer, "Amen!"

DEUTERONOMY Chapter 28

Blessings for Obedience

Deuteronomy 28:1 Now, if you listen diligently to the voice of YHWH your god, being watchful to
do all his commandments which I command you this day, 2 YHWH your god will set you high
above all the nations of the earth and all these blessings shall come upon you.

3. YHWH will bless your businesses and make your fields bountiful.
 4. Blessed shall be your offspring, and the fruits of your land, and the herds of your cattle, and
the flocks of your sheep.

5 "YHWH will bless your grain crops and the meals you prepare from them. 6 YHWH will make
you successful in your daily work.

7 YHWH will help you overcome your enemies and scatter them in all directions.

8 YHWH your god is giving you the land, and he will make sure you are successful in everything
you do. Your harvests will be so great that your storehouses will be filled to capacity.

9 If you follow and obey YHWH, he will make you his own special people, just as he promised.

10 Then everyone on earth will know that you belong to YHWH, and they will all hold you in awe.

11 YHWH will give you people lots of children and make sure that your animals give birth to many
young. YHWH promised your ancestors that this land would be yours, and he will make it
produce large crops for you.

12 He will open the storehouses of the heavens where he keeps the water, and he will send rain on
your land at all the right times.

He will make you successful in everything you do. You will have plenty of money, sufficient to
lend to other nations, and you won't need to borrow any yourselves.
13 Obey the laws and teachings that I'm giving you today, and YHWH your god will make Israel a
leader among the nations, and not a follower. Israel will be wealthy and powerful, not poor and
weak.

14 But you must not reject any of his laws and teachings or worship other gods.

Nature of Curses for Disobedience

15 Israel, today I am giving you these laws and teachings of YHWH your god to obey. And if you
do not obey all of them, many curses will fall on you.

16 Your businesses and farms will fail.

17 You will not have enough food to eat.

18 Your population will decline, your crops will be small, and your herds of cattle and flocks of
sheep and goats won't produce many young.

19 YHWH will make you fail in everything you do.

20 No matter what you try to accomplish, YHWH will confuse you, and you will feel his anger.

21 You will not last long, and you may even meet with disaster, all because you rejected GOD.
22 YHWH will allow terrible diseases to attack you, and you will never recover. You will suffer
with burning fever and swelling and pain until you die somewhere in the land that you captured.

23 YHWH will make the sky overhead seem like a bronze roof that keeps out the rain, and the
ground under your feet will become as hard as iron. Your crops will be scorched by the hot east
wind or ruined by mildew.

24 He will send dust and sandstorms instead of rain, and you will be wiped out.

25 YHWH will let you be defeated by your enemies, and you will scatter in all directions. You will
be a horrifying sight for the other nations to see, 26 and no one will bother the birds and wild
animals while they eat your dead bodies.
27 YHWH will make you suffer with diseases that will cause oozing sores or crusty itchy patches
on your skin or boils like the ones that are common in Egypt. And there will be no relief for you!

28 You will become insane and go blind. YHWH will make you so confused, 29 that even in bright
sunshine you will be like a blind person having to feel your way around, and who cannot tell day
from night. For the rest of your life people will beat and rob you, and no one will be able to stop
them.

30 Men will be engaged to women, but before they can get married, their women will be raped by
enemy soldiers.

Some of you will build houses, but never get to live in them.

If you plant a vineyard, you won't be around long enough to enjoy the first harvest.

31 Your cattle will be killed while you watch, but you will not get to eat any of the meat. Your
donkeys and sheep will be stolen from you, and no one will be around to force your enemies to
give them back.

32 Your sons and daughters will be dragged off to a foreign country, while you stand there
helpless. And even if you watch for them until you go blind, you will never see them again.

33 You will work hard on your farms, but everything you harvest will be eaten by foreigners, who
will mistreat you and abuse you for the rest of your life.

34 The things you see will be so horrible that you will go insane,

35 and YHWH will punish you from head to toe with boils that never heal.

36 YHWH will let you and your king be taken captive to a country that you and your ancestors
have never even heard of, and there you will have to worship idols made of wood and stone.

37 People of nearby countries will shudder when they see your terrible troubles, but they will still
ridicule you.

38 You will plant a lot of seed, but gather a small harvest, because locusts will eat your crops.
39 You will plant vineyards and work hard at taking care of them, but you won't gather any
grapes, much less get any wine, and the vines themselves will be eaten by worms.

40 Even if your olive trees grow everywhere in your country, the olives will fall off before they are
ready, and there won't be enough olive oil even for combing your hair.

41 Even your infant sons and daughters will be taken as prisoners of war. 42 Locusts will eat your
crops and strip your trees of leaves and fruit.

43 Foreigners in your towns will become wealthy and powerful, while you become poor and
powerless.

44 You will be so short of money that you will have to borrow from those foreigners. They will be
the leaders in the community, and you will be the followers.

45 Israel; if you don't obey the laws and teachings that YHWH your God is giving you, he will send
all these curses to chase, attack, and destroy you. 46 Then all the people will look at you and your
descendants and realize that YHWH, your god, has placed you under a curse.

47 And, If YHWH makes you wealthy, but you don't joyfully worship and honor him, 48 he will
allow enemies to attack you and make you their slaves. Then you will live in poverty with nothing
to eat, drink, or wear, and your owners will work you to death.

49 Foreigners who speak strange languages will be sent to attack you without warning, just like an
eagle swooping down. 50 They won't show any mercy, and they will have no respect for old people
or pity for children.

51 They will take your cattle, sheep, goats, grain, wine, and olive oil, then leave you to starve. 52
All over the land that YHWH your god gave you, the enemy army will surround your towns. You
may feel safe inside your town walls, but the enemy will tear them down, and 53 while you wait in
horror. you will get so hungry that you will eat the sons and daughters that YHWH gave you.

54 Desperate from hunger, a man who has been gentle and kind will eat his own children 55 and
refuse to share the meal with his brother or wife or with his other children.

56 A woman may have grown up in such luxury that she never had to put a foot on the ground. 57
But times will be so bad that she will secretly eat both her newborn baby and the afterbirth,
without sharing any with her husband or her other children.

58 You must obey everything in The Book of GOD's Law. Because if you don't respect YHWH, 59
he will punish you and your descendants with incurable diseases, 60 like those you were so afraid
of in Egypt.

61 Remember! If YHWH decides to destroy your nation, he can use any disease or disaster, not
just the ones written in The Book of God's Law.

62 You are as numerous now as the stars in the sky, but if you disobey YHWH your god, few of
you will be left.
63 YHWH is happy to make you successful and to help your nation grow while you conquer the
land. But if you disobey him, he will be just as happy to pull you up by your roots.

64 Those of you that survive will be scattered to every nation on earth, and you will have to
worship stone and wood idols that never helped you or your ancestors.

65 You will be restless--always longing for home, but never able to return. 66 You will live in
constant fear of death. 67 Each morning you will wake up to such terrible sights that you will say,
"I wish it were night!" But at night you will be terrified and say, "I wish it were day!"

68 I told you never to go back to Egypt. But then YHWH himself will load you on ships and send
you back. There you will even try to sell yourselves as slaves, but no one will be interested.

DEUTERONOMY Chapter 29

A Covenant in Moab

Deuteronomy 29:1 These are the terms of the covenant YHWH commanded Moses to make with
the Israelites while they were in the land of Moab, in addition to the covenant he had made with
them at Mount Sinai.
2. Moses summoned all Israel and said to them, “You have seen with your own eyes everything
YHWH did in Egypt, to Pharaoh, to all his officials, and to his entire land.

3. You saw with your own eyes the great trials and those great signs and wonders.

4. Yet, even to this day YHWH has not given you a mind to understand, eyes to see, or ears to
hear.

5 While I led you 40 years in the wilderness; your clothes and the sandals on your feet did not
wear out; 6 you did not eat bread or drink wine or beer, so that you might know that he is YHWH
your god.

7 When you reached this place, Sihon king of Heshbon and Og king of Bashan came out against us
in battle, but we defeated them. 8 We took their land and gave it as an inheritance to the
Reubenites, the Gadites, and half the tribe of Manasseh.

9 Therefore, observe the words of this covenant and follow them, so that you will succeed in
everything you do. 10 Today everyone in our nation is standing here in YHWH's presence, 11
including leaders, officials, parents, children, and even those foreigners who cut wood and carry
water for us. 12 We are here at this place of worship to promise that we will keep our part of the
covenant with YHWH our god.

13 With this covenant he is making you his own special people, and he himself will become your
god. He told you this previously. He promised this to your ancestors, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
14 You are not the only ones with whom YHWH, your god is making this covenant with along with
its obligations.
15 He is making it with all of us who stand here in his presence today and also with our
descendants who are not yet born.

16 "You remember what life was like in Egypt and what it was like to travel through the territory
of other nations. 17 You saw their disgusting idols made of wood, stone, silver, and gold.

18 Make sure that no man, woman, family, or tribe standing here today turns from YHWH our
God to worship the gods of other nations. This would be like a root that grows to be a bitter and
poisonous plant.

19 Make sure that there is no one here today who hears these solemn requirements and yet
convinces himself that all will be well with him, even if he stubbornly goes his own way. That
would destroy all of you, good and evil alike.

20 YHWH will not forgive such a man. Instead, his burning anger will flame up against that man,
and all the disasters written in this book will fall on him until YHWH has destroyed him
completely. 21 YHWH will make an example of him before all the nation of Israel and will bring
disaster on him in accordance with all the curses listed in the covenant that is written in this book
of YHWH's teachings.

22 Then, in future generations your descendants and foreigners from distant lands will see the
disasters and sufferings that has been brought on your land. 23 which has become a scorching
desert of salt and sulfur, where nothing is planted, nothing sprouts, and nothing grows. It will be
as lifeless as the land around the cities of Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboiim, after YHWH
became angry and destroyed them.

24 People from other nations will ask, "Why did YHWH destroy this country? Why was he so
furious?"

25 And they will be given this answer: Our ancestors worshiped YHWH but after he brought them
out of Egypt and made a covenant with them, they rejected the covenant 26 and decided to
worship gods that had never helped them.

YHWH had forbidden Israel to worship these gods, 27 and so he became furious and punished the
land with all the curses in the book of God's Law. Then he pulled up Israel by the roots and tossed
them into a foreign country, where they still are today.

28 YHWH became furiously angry, and in his great anger he uprooted them from their land and
threw them into a foreign land, and there they are today.' 29 YHWH, our god hasn't explained the
present or the future, but he has commanded us to obey the laws he gave to us and our
descendants.

DEUTERONOMY Chapter 30

Promise of Restoration Dependent on Returning to YHWH

Deuteronomy 30:1 Now when all these things have come on you, the blessing and the malediction
which I have put before you, if the thought of them comes back to your minds, when you are living
among the nations where YHWH your god has sent you, 2 And you and your descendants will
turn back to YHWH. You will follow him with all your heart and completely obey all his
commands that I have given you today.

3 Then YHWH your god will be kind to you. He will make you free again! He will bring you back
from the nations where he sent you. 4 Even if you were sent to the farthest parts of the earth,
YHWH will gather you from there and bring you back.

5 YHWH your god will bring you to the land your ancestors owned. You will take possession of it,
and YHWH will make you more prosperous and numerous than your ancestors were.

6 YHWH your god will circumcise your hearts and the hearts of your descendants. When you will
love YHWH your god with all your heart and with all your soul, and you will live. 7 Then YHWH
your god will put all these curses on your enemies, those who hate you and persecute you.

8 You will again obey YHWH and follow all his commands that I'm giving you today.

9 YHWH will give you many blessings in everything you do: You will have many children. Your
animals will have many offspring. Your soil will produce many crops. YHWH will again delight in
making you as prosperous as he made your ancestors.

10 He will do this if you obey him and follow his commands and laws that are written in this Book
of Teachings and return to YHWH your god with all your heart and with all your soul.

Choose Between Life and Death

11 This command I am giving you today isn't too hard for you or beyond your reach. 12 It's not in
heaven. You do not have to ask, "Who will go to heaven to get this command for us so that we can
hear it and obey it?" 13 This command isn't on the other side of the sea. You do not have to ask,
"Who will cross the sea to get it for us so that we can hear it and obey it?" 4 No, these words are
very near you. They are in your own mouth and in your heart so that you will obey them. 15 Today
I offer you life and prosperity or death and destruction.

16 This is what I am commanding you today: Love YHWH your god, follow his directions, and
obey his commands, laws, and rules. Then you will live, your population will increase, and YHWH
your god will bless you in the land that you are about to enter and take possession of.

17 But if your hearts might turn away, and you might not listen. You might be tempted to bow
down to other gods and worship them. 18 If you do, I tell you today that you will certainly be
destroyed. You will not live for a long time in the land that you are going to take possession of
when you cross the Jordan River.

19 I call on heaven and earth as witnesses today that I have offered you life or death, blessings, or
malediction. Choose life so that you and your descendants will live.

20 Love YHWH your god, obey him, and be loyal to him. This will be your way of life, and it will
mean a long life for you in the land that YHWH swore to give to your ancestors Abraham, Isaac,
and Jacob.
DEUTERONOMY Chapter 31

A Successor to Moses

Deuteronomy 31:1 And Moses went on speaking the following words to all Israel.

And he said to them. Today, I am 120 years old. I can no longer go out and come in. And YHWH
has told me, I will not cross over this Jordan River. 3 YHWH your god will Himself lead you, and
He will destroy these nations from before you, and you shall dispossess them. And Joshua shall go
over before you, as YHWH has said. 4 And YHWH will do to them as He did to Sihon and Og, the
kings of the Amorites, and to their land, when He destroyed them. 5 And YHWH will give them
over to you, and you shall do to them according to all the commandments which I have
commanded you.

6 Therefore, Be courageous and strong!

Do not be afraid of the nations on the other side of the Jordan. YHWH your god will always be at
your side, and he will never abandon you.

7 Then Moses called Joshua up to the front of the crowd and said: Joshua, be courageous and
strong as you lead these people into their land.

YHWH made a promise long ago to your ancestors that this land would someday belong to Israel.
That time has now come, and you must divide up the land among the people.

8 YHWH will lead you into the land. He will always be with you and help you. So, don't ever be
afraid of your enemies.

A Transfer of the Law

9 Then Moses wrote down GOD's Law and gave it to the Levite priests, who were in charge of
YHWH's Covenant ark, and to the leaders of Israel.

10 He commanded them, "At the end of every seven years, when the year that debts are canceled
comes around, read this aloud at the Festival of Booths. 11 Read it to the people of Israel when
they come to worship YHWH your God at the one place he designates for worship.

12 Call together all the men, women, and children, and the foreigners who live in your towns, so
that everyone may hear it and learn to honor YHWH your god and to obey his teachings faithfully.

13 In this way your descendants who have never heard the Law of YHWH your god will hear it.
And so, they will learn to obey him as long as they live in the land that you are about to occupy
across the Jordan."

YHWH Commissions Joshua

14 YHWH told Moses, "You will soon die, so bring Joshua to the tabernacle tent, and I will
appoint him the leader of Israel." Moses and Joshua went to the tabernacle tent, 15 and YHWH
appeared in a thick cloud right over the entrance to the tent.
16 YHWH said: Moses, you will soon die. But Israel is going into a land where other gods are
worshiped, and Israel will reject me and start worshiping these gods. The people will break the
covenant I made with them, 17 and I will be so furious that I will abandon them and ignore their
prayers. I will send disasters and suffering that will nearly wipe them out.

Finally, they will realize that the disasters happened because I abandoned them.18 They will pray
to me, but then I will ignore them because they were evil and started worshiping other gods.

19 Moses and Joshua: I am going to give you the words to a new song. Write them down and teach
the psalm to the Israelites. If they learn it, they will know what I want them to do, and so they will
have no excuse for not obeying me.

20 I am bringing them into the land that I promised their ancestors. It is a land rich with milk and
honey, and the Israelites will have more than enough food to eat. But they will get fat and turn
their backs on me and start worshiping other gods. The Israelites will reject me and break the
covenant that I made with them.

21 Then, when I punish the Israelites and their descendants with suffering and disasters, I will
remind them that they know the words to this song, so they have no excuse for not obeying me. I
will give them the land that I promised, but I know the way they are going to live later on.

22 Moses wrote down the words to the song right away, and he taught it to the Israelites.

23 And, YHWH told Joshua, "Be courageous and strong!

I will help you lead the people of Israel into the land that I have promised them."

The Psalm is Placed Alongside the Ark of the Covenant

24 Finally, Moses finished writing all the words of these teachings in a book. 25 He gave this
command to the Levites who carried the ark of YHWH’s covenant: 26"Take this Book of teachings
and put it alongside the ark of the covenant YHWH your God, where it will be a witness against
you. 27 I know how rebellious you are. You are impossible to deal with. While I am alive and still
with you, you are rebelling against YHWH. How much more rebellious will you be after I die?

28 Assemble all the leaders of your families and your officers in front of me. As they listen, I will
speak these words and call on heaven and earth to testify against them.

29 I know that after I die you will become thoroughly corrupt and turn from the way I have
commanded you to live. In the days to come disasters will happen to you because you will make
YHWH furious by doing what he considers evil."

30 Then, as the whole congregation of Israel listened, Moses recited all the words of this Psalm:

DEUTERONOMY Chapter 32

The Psalm of Moses

Deuteronomy 32:1 "Listen, O heavens, as I speak! Hear, O earth, the words that I have to say! 2
My teachings will come like a needed rain, like a mist falling to the ground, like a gentle rain on
the soft grass, like rain on the green plants.

3 Join with me in praising the wonderful name of YHWH our god. 4 YHWH is a mighty rock, and
he never does wrong. GOD can always be trusted to bring justice.

5 But you lie and cheat and are unfaithful to him. You have disgraced yourselves and are no longer
worthy to be his children. 6 Israel, YHWH is your father, the one who created you, but you repaid
him by being foolish.

7 Remember the days of old; consider the years of many generations; ask your father, and he will
show you; your elders, they will tell you;

8 When the Most High gave the nations their heritage, separating into groups the children of
men, he had the limits of the peoples marked out, keeping in mind the number of the children of
Israel. 9 but YHWH's portion was his people, Jacob was to be the measure of his inheritance. 10
He found him in a desert land, and in the howling waste of the wilderness; he put his arms around
him, he cared for him, he kept him as the apple of his eye.

11 YHWH was like an eagle teaching its young to fly, always ready to swoop down and catch them
on its back. 12 Israel, YHWH led you, and without the aid of any foreign god,

13 He made them ride on the heights of the earth and fed them with the produce of the fields. He
gave them honey from rocks and olive oil from solid rock. 14 Your flocks and herds produced milk
and yogurt, and you got choice meat from your sheep and goats that grazed in Bashan. Your
wheat was the finest, and you drank the best wine.

15 But, Israel, you grew fat and rebelled against YHWH, your creator; you abandoned the Mighty
Rock, your only place of safety.

16 You provoked him to anger with strange gods; with their abominations they bitterly angered
him. 17 You offered sacrifices to demons, those useless gods that never helped you, foreign gods
that your ancestors never worshiped before. 18 You people forsook the Rock who made you; you
forgot the god who gave you life.

19 "YHWH saw this and became upset. His sons and daughters had made him angry! 20 So, he
said, 'I will turn away from them, then let us see what happens!

They are a rebellious people. They are like children who will not learn their lessons.

21 They made me furious because they worshiped foreign gods and angered me because they
worshiped worthless idols. So, I will use those who are not my people to make them resentful and
a nation of godless fools to make them angry.

22 My anger will flame up and burn, and burn everything on earth, like fire. It will reach to the
world below and consume the roots of the mountains.

23 "I will bring on them endless disasters and use all my weapons against them. 24 They will die
from hunger and fever; they will die from terrible diseases. I will send wild animals to attack
them, and poisonous snakes to bite them. 25 War will bring death in the streets; terrors will strike
in the homes. Young men and young women will die; neither babies nor old people will be spared.

26 I would have destroyed them completely, so that no one would remember them, 27 but I could
not let their enemies boast that they had defeated my people, when it was I myself who had
crushed them.'

28 "Israel is a nation without sense; they have no wisdom at all. 29 They fail to see why, when
they were defeated; they cannot understand what happened.

30 Why were a thousand defeated by one, and ten thousand by only two? It was because YHWH,
their god, had abandoned them; their mighty god had given them up.

31 Their enemies know that their own gods are weak, not mighty like Israel's god.

32 Their enemies, are corrupt as Sodom and Gomorrah, like vines that bear bitter and poisonous
grapes, 33 like wine made from the venom of snakes.

34 But YHWH remembers what their enemies have done; he waits for the right time to punish
them. 35 YHWH will take revenge and punish them. The time will come when they will fall; the
day of their doom is near.

36 YHWH will rescue his people when he sees that their strength is gone. He will have mercy on
those who serve him when he sees how helpless they are.

37 Then YHWH will ask his people, 'Where are those mighty gods you trusted? 38 You fed them
the wealth of your sacrifices and offered them your best wine to drink. Let them come and help
you now; let them run to your rescue.

39 "Now, see that I, and only I, am GOD! There is no other god! I can put people to death, and I
can let people live. I can hurt people, and I can make them well. No one can save another person
from my power!

40 I raise my hand toward heaven and make this promise. As surely as I live forever, these things
will happen!

41 I swear, I will sharpen my flashing sword. I will use it to punish my enemies. I will give them
the punishment they deserve. 42 My enemies will be killed and taken as prisoners. My arrows will
be covered with their blood. My sword will cut off the heads of their soldiers.'

43"The whole world should be happy for GOD's people! GOD punishes people who kill his
servants. He gives his enemies the punishment they deserve. And he makes his land and his
people pure."
44 Moses and Joshua, son of Nun came and sang all the words of this psalm for the Israelites to
hear.

These Teachings are Your Life

45 When Moses finished giving these teachings to the people, 46 he said to them, "You must be
sure to pay attention to all the commands I tell you today. And you must tell your children to obey
completely the commands in this Law.

47 Don't think these teachings are not important. They are your life! Through these teachings you
will live a long time in the land across the Jordan River that you are ready to take."

48 That same day YHWH spoke to Moses. He said, 49 "Go to the Abarim Mountains. Go up on
Mount Nebo in the land of Moab across from the city of Jericho. From there you can see the land
of Canaan that I am giving to the Israelites to live in. 50 And you will die on that mountain. You
will go to be with your people, the same as your brother Aaron died on Mount Hor.

51 This is because you both sinned against me. You were at the waters of Meribah near Kadesh, in
the desert of Zin. There, in front of the Israelites, you did not honor me and show that I am holy.
52 So now you may see the land that I am giving to the Israelites. But you cannot go into that
land."

46 Then he said to them; "You must be sure to pay attention to all the commands I tell you today.
And you must tell your children to obey completely the commands in this Law.

DEUTERONOMY Chapter 33

Moses Blesses the Twelve Tribes of Israel

Deuteronomy 33:1 Moses was a prophet, a man of GOD. and before he died, he blessed the
families of Israel by saying: 2 YHWH came from Mount Sinai; he rose like the sun over Edom and
shone on his people from Mount Paran. Ten thousand angels were with him, a flaming fire at his
right hand. 3 YHWH loves the families of Israel, and he protects his people. They listen to his
words and worship at his feet.

4 I called a meeting of the families of Israel and gave you God's Law. 5 Then you and your leaders
made YHWH your king.

6 You, the family of Reuben, you will live, even though your posterity will always be small.

7 YHWH will listen to you, family of Judah, as you beg to come safely home. You fought your
enemies alone; now YHWH will help you.

8 At Massah and Meribah Spring, YHWH tested you, family of Levi. You were faithful, and so the
priesthood belongs to the Levites. 9 Protecting Israel's covenant with YHWH was more important
to you than the life of your father or mother, or brothers or sisters, or your own children. 10 You
teach GOD's laws to Israel, and at the place of worship you offer sacrifices and burn incense. 11 I
pray that YHWH will bless everything you do and make you strong enough to overcome your
enemies.

12 YHWH, the lord Most High loves you, family of Benjamin. He will live among your hills and
protect you.
13 Descendants of Joseph, YHWH will bless you with precious water from deep wells and with
dew from the sky. 14 Month by month, your fruit will ripen in the sunshine. 15 You will have a
rich harvest from the slopes of the ancient hills.16 GOD who appeared in the burning bush wants
to give you the best the land can produce, and it will be a princely crown on Joseph's head.

17 The armies of Ephraim and Manasseh are majestic and fierce like a bull or a wild ox. They will
run their spears through faraway nations.

18 Be joyful, Zebulun, as your boats set sail; be happy, Issachar, in your tents. 19 The sea will
make you wealthy, and from the sandy beach you will get treasure. So, invite the other families to
celebrate with you and offer sacrifices to YHWH.

20 Family of Gad, YHWH will bless you with more land. So, shout his praises! Your progeny is
like a lion ripping up its victim. 21 Your leaders met together and chose the best land for your
tribe, but you obeyed YHWH and helped the other families.

22 The family of Dan; You are like a lion cub, startled by a snake.

23 YHWH is pleased with you, people of Naphtali. He will bless you and give you the land to the
west and the south.

24 YHWH's greatest blessing is for you, tribe of Asher. You will be the favorite of all the other
families. You will be rich with olive oil 25 and have strong town gates with bronze and iron bolts.
Your people will be powerful for as long as they live.

26 Israel; No other god is like ours. The clouds are his chariot as he rides across the skies to come
and help us. 27 The eternal god is our hiding place; he carries us in his arms. When GOD tells you
to destroy your enemies, he will make them flee before you. 28 Israel, you will live in safety; your
enemies will be gone. The dew will fall from the sky, and you will have plenty of grain and wine.

29 YHWH has rescued you and given you more blessings than any other nation. He protects you
like a shield and is your majestic sword. Your enemies will bow in fear, and you will tread on their
backs.

DEUTERONOMY Chapter 34

The Death of Moses

Deuteronomy 34:1 Then Moses went up on Mount Nebo from the plains of Moab. He went to the
top of Pisgah, across from Jericho. And YHWH showed him the whole land. He could see Gilead
as far as Dan, 2 all of Naphtali, the territory of Ephraim and Manasseh, all the territory of Judah
as far as the Mediterranean Sea, 3 the Negev, and the Jordan Plain-the valley of Jericho (the City
of Palms)-as far as Zoar.

4 Then YHWH said to him, "This is the land I promised with an oath to Abraham, Isaac, and
Jacob. I said I would give it to their descendants. I have let you see it with your own eyes, but you
may not go there."
5 And as YHWH had predicted, his servant Moses died in Moab. 6 He was buried in a valley of
Moab, near Beth Peor. Even today no one knows where his grave is.

7 Moses was 120 years old when he died. His eyesight never became poor, and his physical
strength continued with him until his death. 8 The Israelites mourned for Moses in the plains of
Moab for 30 days. Then, when the time of mourning for him was over. 9 Joshua, son of Nun, was
filled with the Spirit of wisdom. And because Moses had designated him as their leader, the
Israelites obeyed him and did what YHWH had commanded through Moses.

10 There has never been another prophet in Israel like Moses, one whom YHWH dealt directly
with, face to face. 11 He was the one YHWH sent to do all the miraculous signs and amazing
things in Egypt to Pharaoh, to all his officials, and to his whole country. 12 Moses used God’s
mighty hand to do all the spectacular and awe-inspiring deeds that were seen by all.