Laboratory Experiment No.

5
Potentiometric Determination of the Purity and Dissociation Constant of Potassium Hydrogen
Phthalate
Name: Convento, Julleen Ann Marie O. Date Performed: Feb. 11,2020
Section and Group #:CH12FA4, 3 Date Submitted: Mar.20,2020

1.Objectives:
1.1To apply the principles of potentiometry in the determination of the equivalence point in a
titration
1.2To determine the purity of KHP using potentiometric titration
1.3To derive the acid dissociation constant of KHP from the potentiometric data
1.4To standardize the prepared solution

2.Discussion:

Potentiometry is the procedure through which the quantity of the given test substance is
determined by the measured addition of titrant until the entire test substance undergoes
reaction. This method is used for getting more accurate results. After the process, the potential
difference between the two electrodes (namely the reference and indicator electrode) is
measured in conditions where a thermodynamic equilibrium is maintained and the current
passing through the electrodes does not disturb this equilibrium.

Potentiometric titration is a laboratory method to determine the concentration of a given

analyte. It is used in the characterization of acids. In this method, there is no use of a chemical
indicator. Instead, the electric potential across the substance is measured. Potentiometric
Titration has two types: direct and indirect. In direct, there is a constant potential reference
electrode are compared while in indirect, the ph is measured at each addition of titrant.

Graph is used in this titration. It contains the volume of the titrant delivered from a buret
against the voltage produced by two electrodes in the solution being titrated.
3.Materials:
APPARATUS REAGENTS
pH electrodes KHP (Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate)
Burette 0.1 N NaOH
pH meter pH buffer solutions

4.Procedure:
Kindly refer to page 24 of Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Manual

5.Data and Results:

Volume (mL) pH
0 4.733
2 4.794
4 4.868
6 4.944
8 5.015
10 5.084
12 5.150
14 5.201
16 5.259
18 5.310
20 5.361
22 5.414
24 5.454
26 5.508
28 5.550
30 5.635
32 5.677
34 5.725
36 5.769
38 5.817
40 5.866
42 5.917
44 5.968
46 6.053
 75 9.750

Chart 1 - Experiment 5 data

12

10

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 75

x-axis: volume; y-axis pH level; This graph shows that the pH level of
the water used in this experiment is base.

6.Question/s:

1.1. Write a chemical equation which represents the acid dissociation constant for
potassium hydrogen phthalate.

KHP(aq)⇌K+(aq)+HP−(aq)
HP−(aq)+H2O(l)⇌H+3O(aq)+P2−(aq)
 Laboratory Experiment No. 8
Preparation and Standardization of Potassium Permanganate Solution
Name: Convento, Julleen Ann Marie O. Date Performed: Mar.8,2020
Section and Group #:CH12FA4, 3 Date Submitted: Mar.20,2020

1.Objectives:
1.1To prepare a standard 0.1 N permanganate solution and 1.5 N sulfuric acid solution
1.2To standardize a permanganate solution

2.Discussion:
Permanganate titration with potassium permanganate solution (KMnO4) as standard solution is
one of the oxidation-reduction titration methods. KMnO4 is a vigorous oxidant in an acidic
solution, and its electrode reaction and standard electrode potential.
Each atom in an equation can be assigned an oxidation number according to certain rules.
Oxidation occurs when the oxidation number of an atom increases while reduction occurs when
the oxidation number increases.
A chemical reaction that involves a transfer of electrons between two species is called
oxidation-reaction also known as redox reaction. An oxidation-reduction reaction is any
chemical reaction in which the oxidation number of a molecule, atom, or ion change by gaining
or losing an electron. Redox reactions are common and vital to some of the basic functions of
life including photosynthesis, respiration, combustion, corrosion and rusting.

3.Materials:
APPARATUS REAGENTS
analytical balance KMnO4 crystals
wash bottle concentrated sulfuric acid
buret dry Na2C2O4
25-ml pipet distilled water
50-ml beaker
500-ml beaker
5-ml measuring pipet
250-ml volumetric flask
250-ml Erlenmeyer flask

4.Procedure:
Kindly refer to page 39-40 of Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Manual

5.Data and Results:

First determination Second determination

Mass of sodium oxalate 0.2699 g 0.2703 g
Moles of sodium oxalate 2.014x103 mol 2.017x103mol
Final reading of KMnO4 16 ml 20ml
Initial reading of KMnO4 0 ml 0ml
Volume of KMnO4 used (mL) 16 ml 20 ml
Volume of KMnO4 used (L) 0.016 L 0.020L
Moles of KMnO4 (Show 1.6X103mol 2X103mol
calculations)
Molarity of KMnO4 (show 4.965x10-2M 5.966x103M
calculations)
Average molarity of KMnO4 5.4655X10-2M 5.4655X10-2M
(%) error 50.35% 41.34%

6.Calculation:

MM KMnO4 = 158. 034 g/mol KMnO4 = 0.1M

Na2C2O4 = 134 g/mol H2SO4 = 1.5 M

1. FIRST DETERMINATION

Moles of Na2C2O4 = 0.2699 g Na2C2O4 x 1mol Na2C2O4

134 g Na2C2O4

= 2.014 x 10-3 mol

2. SECOND DETERMINATION

Moles of Na2C2O4 = 0.2703 g Na2C2O4 x 1mol Na2C2O4

134 g Na2C2O4

= 2.017 x 10-3 mol

VOLUME OF KMnO4 (Liters)

1. 16 mL KMnO4 x 1 L = 0.016 L
1000 mL

2. 20 mL KMnO4 x 1 L = 0.020 L
1000 mL

MOLE OF KMnO4

1. 0.016 L KMnO4 x 0.1 mol = 1.6 x 10-3 mol

L

2. 0.020 L KMnO4 x 0.1 mol = 2 x 10-3 mol

L

5 Na2C2O4 + 2 KMnO4 + 8 H2SO4 → K2SO4 + 5 Na2C2O + 2MnSO4 + 10 CO2 + 8H2O

EXCESS AND LIMITING

1. 1 x 10-3 mol KMnO4 x 5mol Na2C2O4 = 2.5 x 10-3 mol Na2C2O4

2 mol KMnO4

2.014 x 10-3 mol Na2C2O4x 2mol KMnO4 = 8.056 x 10-4 mol KMnO4
5 mol Na2C2O4

LIMITING: KMnO4
EXCESS: Na2C2O4

M KMnO4 = 1.6 x 10-3 mol KMnO4 - 8.056 x 10-4 mol KMnO4

0.016 L
 = 4.965 x 10-2 M

2. 2.017 x 10-3 mol Na2C2O4x 2mol KMnO4 = 8.068 x 10-3 mol KMnO4
5 mol Na2C2O4

M KMnO4 = 2 x 10-3 mol KMnO4 - 8.068 x 10-4 mol KMnO4

0.020 L

= 5.966 x 10-2 M

AVERAGE MOLARITY OF KMnO4

AVEn = (4.965 x 10-2 M) + (5.866 x 10-2 M)

2

=5.4655 x 10-2 M

% Error

1. O.1 M KMnO4 - 4.965 x 10-2 M KMnO4 x 100%

0.1 M

=50.35%

2. O.1 M KMnO4 - 5.866 x 10-2 M KMnO4 x 100%

0.1 M

=41.34%