Ed3/Ed4 1.

The alkanes 287/254 they :

21*
• Have general fórmula ________
• only have single bonds ( saturated)
• Do _ _ _ decolourise bromine water, stays orange.
• Are Generally unreactive but used as fuel in combustion/ burning
• Methane + oxygen ---> carbon dioxide + water

2. The Alkenes290/257 they :

.Have general formula _________
.contain a ____________ (Unsaturated )
._ _ decolourise bromine water: orange to colourless.
.Are more Reactive than alkanes as they have the double bond with 4 electrons squashed together
. Undergo 2 types of reaction.
1. Combustion
Ethene + oxygen ---> carbon dioxide + water
2. Addition reaction ( small molecule adds across the double bond)
(i) Add hydrogen to make ____________297/264 hydrogenation

(ii)Add halogen (e.g. Bromine) to make_____________297 /263 Halogenation

1.De nition
A giant molecule made by (iii)Add water to make ____________298/264 hydration
joining many small molecules
called monomers

2. Polymers 1. Formation
*examples a) Fermentation of sugars
The Hydrocarbons using yeast .
a)Addtion
polymer 325/284 299/265 equation only
eg.1 326/284 Organic
Po

b) Hydration Reaction of
reactions
ym omo l
M

Eg.2 327/285 ethene with

ac

er

steam using a catalyst .

r

s/

*bene ts Best method for the environment. Why?

e
Th hols
le
cu

*disadvantages 299/265 here is the equation with

le

co
s

Conditions and catalyst.

b)condensation polymers 328/287

Al
Examples are :
2. Reactions
a) Combustion as a fuel 301/267 here is
H2O the equation
Made by joining:
a) dicarboxylic acid and diamine

b) Esteri cation. Making ester ( sweet smelling

gaminoacids
b) amino acids an ocoat compounds) 🍭 🍪 🍧 🍨 🌹 302/268 equation
3. Natural macromolecules
Are mainly condensation polymers,
examples are 331/290
1
2
3 3. Uses 302/268
. Fuel ⛽ 🔥
4.Hydrolysis (degrade)
The breaking up polymers using .solvent 💅 💋 👩🎨
acids or alkalis and heating.

proteins ---> amino acids

.antiseptic👩⚕ 💉
Starch ---> glucose
Make vinegar
Make esters

I
 Edition 4 1. The alkanes

21*
. General fórmula ________
• only have single bonds ( saturated)
• Do ________decolourise bromine water, stays orange
• Generally unreactive: used as fuel in combustion/ burning
• Methane + oxygen ---> carbon dioxide + water

2. The Alkenes
.General formula _________
. They contain a ____________ (And Unsaturated )
.They _____ decolourise bromine water: orange to colourless.
.More Reactive than alkanes as they have the double bond.
. Undergo 2 types of reaction.
1. Combustion

2. Addition reaction ( small molecule adds across the double bond)

. Add hydrogen to make ____________p264

.Add halogen (e.g. Bromine) to make_____________

1.De nition
A giant molecule made by
joining many small molecules .Add water to make ____________p265
called monomers

2. Polymers 1. Formation
a) Fermentation of sugars
*examples The Hydrocarbons P266 equation only
a)Addtion polymer
eg.1 p284 Organic
Po

b) Reaction of ethene with

reactions
ym omo l
M

Eg.2 p285 steam using a catalyst

ac

er

P265 equation only

r

s/

*bene ts
e
Th hols
le
cu

*disadvantages
le

co
s

b)condensation polymers see p 287

Al

2. Reactions
a) Combustion p267 equation
Made by joining:
a) dicarboxylic acid and diamine

b) Esteri cation. Making ester ( sweet smelling

b) amino acids
compounds) 🍭 🍪 🍧 🍨 🌹 p268 equation
3. Natural macromolecules
Are mainly condensation polymers,
examples are p290
1
2
3 3. Uses page 268
. Fuel ⛽ 🔥
4.Hydrolysis
The breaking up polymers using .solvent 💅 💋 👩🎨
acids or alkalis and heating.

proteins ---> amino acids

.antiseptic👩⚕ 💉
Starch ---> glucose
Make vinegar
Make esters