INVES

Compara
15 Studyof Commercial
Antacids
INTRODUCTION
It is well-known that the food we take undergoes a series of complex reactions
within the body which
constitute what we call digestion and metabolism. These reactions are catalysed by enzymes which are
very specific in their action and can function properly only when the pH of the medium is within a
specific range.
Some enzymes require mildly alkaline conditions while others operate only in weakly acidic
conditions. Amongst the latter category of enzymes are the enzymes which control the digestion of
proteins present in the food as it reaches the stomach.In the stomach dilute hydrochloric acid is
and it provides mildly acidic conditions required for the secreted
functioning
stomach. However, sometimes the stomach begins to secrete an excess of
of protein digesting enzymes in the
is known as gastric hyperacidity and is caused by over hydrochloric acid. This condition
eating and highly spiced food. This interferes in
the normal process of digestion and leads to acute discomfort due to
indigestion.
Now-a-days, there are available many commercial products known as ANTACIDS, which
the excess of HCl secreted in the stomach. The action of neutralize
antacids is based on the fact that a base can
neutralize acid forming salt and water.
An essential requirement of an antacid is
that it must not supply an excess of alkali
lead to alkaline conditions, thus making the enzymes which may
ineffective. This is achieved in the commercial
antacids by incorporating other constituents which help to keep the pH
dyugs counteract the acid secreted in the stomach mainly to within an acidic range. These
provide symptomatic relief and to a lesser
extent to promote healing. Stomach keeps on emptyng itself and the action of the
antacid laste nlef
ashort while, irrespective of the dose taken. It is, therefore, important to take an
intervals. Commonly used antacids are Gelusil, Milk of Magnesia, Digene. antacid at
frequent
OBJECTIVE OF PROJECT

This project aimsat analysing some neutralize.

of the commercial antacids to
determine how much
acid (of agiven normality) they can hydrochloric
240 Comprehenive Practical ChemistryX
EXPERIMENT 1

AIM: To analyse the given samples of commercial antacids by determining the amount of
hydrochloric acid they can neutralize.
REQUIREMENTS
Burette, pipette, titration flask, measuring flask, beakers, weight box, fractional weights, sodium
hydroxide, sodium carbonate, hydrochloricacid, phenolphthalein.
PROCEDURE
1. Prepare 1 litre of approximately 0.1 N HCl solution by diluting 10 ml of the concentrated acid
to one litre.
2. Similarly, make 1 litre of approximately 0.1 N NaOH solution by dissolving 4.0 g of NaOH to
prepare one litre of solution.
3. Prepare 0.1 NNa,CO, solution by weighing exactly 1.325 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate and
then dissolving it in water to prepare exactly 250 ml of solution.
4. Standardise the HClsolution by titrating it against the standard Na,CO,
solution using methyl
orange as indicator.
5. Similarly, standardise NaOH solution by titrating it against standardised HCl solution using
phenolphthalein as indicator.
6. Powder the various samples of antacid tablets and weigh 1.0 g of each.
7. Adda specific volume of standardised HCl to each of the weighed samples taken in conical flasks.
The acid should be in slight excess, so that it can neutralise all the alkaline component of the
tablet.
8. Add 2 dropsof phenolphthalein and warm the flask till most of powder dissolves. Filter off the
insoluble material.
9. Titrate this solution against the standardised NaOH solution, till a
permanent pinkish tinge is
obtained. Repeat this experiment with diffèrent antacids.

OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS

Standardisation of HClsolution
Volume of 0.1 N Na,CO, solution taken = 20.0 ml
Burette readings Volume of
S. No. acid used
Initial Final
(ml)
1
2
3

Concordant reading =x ml(say)

Investigatory Projects 24

Applying normality equation,

N, V, N, V,
(acid) (base)
1
N, xx= x 20
10

Normality ofHCI,N, =
Standardisation of NaOHsolution.
Volume of the given NaOH solution taken =20.0 ml.
Burette readings Volume of
S. No. acid used
Initial Final
(ml)
1.

2
3.

Concordant reading =y ml (say)

Applying normality equation,
NV,=N,V,
(acid) (base)
2
X
-xy=N, x20
Normality of NaOH, N,=
10x
Analysis of antacidtablete:
Weight of the antacid tablet powder =1.0 g
Volume of HCl solution added .ml (say 40 ml).
Volume of NaOH solution Volume ofHCl solution
Antacid used for neutralising used for neutralising 1.0g
unused HCI of antacid matter
1. Gelusil ml ml
2. Milk of
magnesia ml m
3. Digene ml
4 ml ml

CONCLUSIONS
Ihe antacid for which maximum volume of HCl is used for neutralising, is the most effective.