BBA-HM
Verbal Ability
Reading and Vocabulary – 3: Understanding Tone and Theme
Number of Questions : 44
Directions for questions 1 to 4: Read the passage
and answer the questions that follow.
Narrative
PepsiCo Inc.’s Chief Financial Officer Indra Nooyi
made an impression on former Chairman Roger
Enrico in 2000 when she talked him into trimming a
bid for Quaker Oats Co. “just a little bit.” The $14
billion offer was low enough for PepsiCo to afford
and high enough to keep Quaker’s executives from
balking, Enrico said in an interview yesterday. Nooyi
got the deal done, giving PepsiCo control of Gatorade
and the dominant share of the market for sports
drinks. “It ended up being one of the best decisions
in Pepsi Co’s history,” Enrico said. Nooyi, 50, will
replace Steve Reinemund as chief executive officer
in October, making PepsiCo the largest U.S.
company to be run by a woman.
Irene Rosenfeld, 53, who ran PepsiCo’s Frito-Lay
division, left in June to ready Kraft Foods Inc. for a
spin-off from Altria Group Inc. Brenda Barnes, 52,
leading the restructuring of Sara Lee Corp. as its
CEO, was chief of Pepsi-Cola North America in the
1990s. Nooyi “is coming from a nice pool of women
that has been developed over time,” said Debbie Soon,
head of executive leadership initiatives for New York
research firm Catalyst. Last year, 27 percent of
PepsiCo’s corporate officers were women, compared
with an average of 16 percent for Fortune 500
companies, according to Catalyst.
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CEX–5647/20
The highest percentage of female executives among
Fortune 500 companies is at San Francisco-based
clothing retailer Gap Inc., with 46 percent, according
to Catalyst. “Pepsi is a great meritocracy,” said
Gerard Roche, senior chairman of executive recruiter
Heidrick & Struggles International Inc. “They say,
‘Let’s get somebody good and if she happens to be
a gal, that’s all the better.’”
Reinemund, 58, said yesterday on a call with
analysts that he has “worked shoulder-to-shoulder”
with Nooyi for the past five years and “considered
her my partner in leading PepsiCo.” Nooyi declined
to comment for this story, spokeswoman Lynn
Markley said. Nooyi serves on the boards of Motorola
Inc. and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and
is known for doing extensive research before any
decision.
Three years ago, she spent the Christmas holiday
learning about a new technology system that
Purchase, New York-based PepsiCo was about to
install, said Jeffrey Sonnenfeld, senior associate dean
at the Yale University School of Management. He
has known Nooyi, Reinemund and other PepsiCo
executives for a decade. “She knew the whole system
and its capabilities inside and out, almost as well
as the technicians,” Sonnenfeld said.
Nooyi joined PepsiCo 12 years ago after working as
a strategic planning executive at Asea Brown Boveri
Inc., Motorola Inc. and Boston Consulting Group.
One of her first jobs at the soft-drink maker was to
help Enrico decide what to do about the company’s
restaurant unit, which included KFC, Taco Bell and
Pizza Hut.
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A couple of years later, Enrico sold shares of the
restaurant group to the public, creating Yum! Brands
Inc. Nooyi was involved in more than a dozen other
acquisitions when she was CFO, including
PepsiCo’s 1998 purchase of Tropicana Products Inc.
for $3.3 billion, giving it the top-selling juice in the
U.S. with a 32 percent share of the market. PepsiCo
now gets less than 20 percent of sales from soft
drinks, compared with 80 percent for Atlanta-based
Coca-Cola. PepsiCo leads in non-carbonated drinks
with a 79 percent U.S. market share for Gatorade,
compared with 19 percent for Coca- Cola’s Powerade,
according to industry journal Beverage Digest.
PepsiCo’s Aquafina holds 15 percent of the bottled
water market in the U.S., while Coca-Cola’s Dasani
has 9 percent. Total non-soda drink sales in the U.S.
amounted to approximately $30 billion this year,
which last year was one-third less than it, according
to Beverage Digest. On the other hand the soda
market is approximately $75 billion, which last year
was one-fifth smaller than it.
1. If there is a global ban on the consumption of
soft drinks, then which of the following can
be inferred from the passage?
(a) PepsiCo and Coca Cola will be equally
affected in terms of profitability.
(b) There will be no impact on the profitability
of PepsiCo and Coca Cola.
(c) The profitability of PepsiCo will not be as
affected as that of Coca Cola.
(d) Yum! Brands Inc. will be most affected.
2. Nooyi’s unwillingness to comment on
Reinemund’s statement that he has “worked
shoulder-to-shoulder” with Nooyi for the past
five years and “considered her my partner in
leading PepsiCo.” implies
I. that she is too modest to admit that she
has been virtually leading the company
from before her appointment as the CEO.
II. that she is not comfortable in
acknowledging Reinemund’s contribution
to her career.
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III. that she does not want to make a hue
and cry about it, as it was in the normal
course of business.
IV. that she is unwilling to accommodate any
controversy whatsoever at this stage.
(a) I and II (b) III only
(c) III and IV (d) None of these
3. According to the passage which of the
following statements is definitely true?
(a) Pepsi Co is the market leader in US in
the non-carbonated drinks category.
(b) The non-carbonated drinks market in the
US is growing at an incredible pace.
(c) Tropicana products contribute the most
to PepsiCo’s leading market share.
(d) The soda market is not as lucrative as it
was in the past decade.
4. All of the companies mentioned in the
passage are with reference to women
executives except
(a) Kraft Foods
(b) Gap Inc
(c) Motorola Inc.
(d) Heidrick & Struggles Inc
Directions for questions 5 to 8: Read the passage
and answer the questions that follow.
Prescriptive
The basic task of the joint drafting committee — to
prepare a strong and credible Lokpal Bill — seems
in danger of subversion by smear campaigns, loose
talk, and backroom machinations. It is imperative
that the principal objective is not lost sight of in this
climate of conspiracy and intrigue: to reach an
agreement on a draft legislation that will put in place
an effective anti-corruption and grievance redressal
mechanism. Anna Hazare won a huge victory when
his stunningly successful protest movement forced
the Centre to agree not only to draft a fresh Bill but
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to do so with civil society activists as a part of the
consultative process. It would be a shame if character
assassination and other forms of pressure were
allowed to sabotage this spirited initiative.
At the same time, it is important that the civil society
activists on the panel do not strike recalcitrant
postures and that they show the open-mindedness
required for such a consultative process. The
Centre’s aborted draft Bill defeated its own purpose
by severely restricting the Lokpal’s discretion to
probe corruption complaints received from the general
public. But certain features of civil society’s proposed
alternative, the so-called Jan Lokpal Bill, have been
rightly criticised as being unworkable, unnecessary,
and excessive. For instance, the Lokpal was originally
envisaged as an Ombudsman and not as a kind of
Supercop who lords it over the Central Bureau of
Investigation (CBI). The Lokpal Bill cannot alter the
very structure of the criminal justice system or be
allowed to compromise institutions that are integral
to our democratic and constitutional order. What India
badly needs is a Lokpal Bill with teeth, which fixes
the glaring weaknesses in the government draft while
staying clear of the eccentricities in the civil society
version.
5. According to the passage, which of the
following statements is true?
(a) The Centre did not allow civil society
activists to be part of the consultative
process.
(b) Civil society activists on the panel need
to be flexible and open-minded.
(c) India needs a Lokpal bill that incorporates
the eccentricities in the civil society
version.
(d) The civil society’s proposed Jan Lokpal
Bill has been rightly criticized.
6. What constitutes an effective Lokpal Bill?
1. Ability to alter the structure of the criminal
justice system.
2. Restricted powers to probe corruption
complaints from general public.
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3. An effective redressal mechanism.
4. The power to produce the desired effect.
5. Active involvement of civil society activists
in the drafting process.
Select the correct answer from the codes
given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 4 and 5 only
(c) 3 and 5 only (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
7. Why does the author think that Anna Hazare
won a “huge victory”?
1. His protest movement forced the Centre
to make changes to the draft of the Lokpal
Bill.
2. Civil society activists were made a part
of the consultative process.
Select the correct answer from the codes
given below:
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
8. What is the essential message being
conveyed by the author of the passage?
(a) In order to prepare a strong and credible
Lokpal Bill, the demands of the civil
society need to be considered.
(b) It is important for the Centre and the civil
society activists to reach an agreement,
and for that both sides need to be
pragmatic and focused on the principal
objective.
(c) The Government should not involve the
civil society activists in the drafting
process as most of the changes
suggested by them are unworkable,
unnecessary, and excessive.
(d) The principal objective is to involve the
civil society in preparing a strong and
credible Lokpal Bill despite the climate
of conspiracy and intrigue.
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Directions for questions 9 to 13: Read the passage
and answer the questions that follow.
Discursive
Sports have many affinities with art. Ice skating and
Tai chi, and dance sport for example, are sports that
come close to artistic spectacles in themselves.
Similarly, there are other activities that have
elements of sport and art in their execution, such as
artistic gymnastics, bodybuilding, free running,
performance art, professional wrestling, yoga,
dressage, culinary arts, marching band etc. Perhaps
the best example is bull-fighting, which in Spain is
reported in the arts pages of newspapers. The fact
that art is so close to sports in some situations is
probably related to the nature of sports. The definition
of “sports” above put forward the idea of an activity
pursued not just for the usual purposes, for example,
running not simply to get places, but running for its
own sake, running as well as we can.
This is similar to a common view of aesthetic value,
which is seen as something over and above the
strictly functional value coming from an object’s
normal use. So an aesthetically pleasing car is one
which doesn’t just get from A to B, but which
impresses us with its grace, poise, and charisma.
Art and sports were probably more clearly linked at
the time of Ancient Greece, when gymnastics and
calisthenics invoked admiration and aesthetic
appreciation for the physical build, prowess and
‘arete’ displayed by participants. The modern term
‘art’ as skill, is related to this ancient Greek term
‘arete’. The closeness of art and sport in these times
was revealed by the nature of the Olympic Games
which, as we have seen, were celebrations of both
sporting and artistic achievements, poetry, sculpture
and architecture.
9. All except which of the following sports
resemble art in the passage?
(a) Ice skating and Tai chi
(b) Dance skating and Yoga
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(c) Salsa and Waltz
(d) Bodybuilding and Free running
10. The reason for sports resembling art is
(a) that there is art in its execution.
(b) that the artistic spectacles in sports are
breathtaking.
(c) that it gives a sense of personal
satisfaction.
(d) that it gets as many admirers as art.
11. Which of the following is comparable to the
aesthetic value of a car?
(a) Poise in a person
(b) Pursuing something for its own sake
(c) Functional value of an object
(d) Options (a) and (b)
12. According to the passage, the affinity of sports
to art stems from
(a) the admiration for the physical built.
(b) the aesthetic nature of the games.
(c) the love for art.
(d) the sports loving Greeks.
13. In the passage, bull-fighting, depicts which of
the following?
(a) The newsworthy factor of the sport.
(b) The fineness of the sport.
(c) The toughness of the bulls.
(d) The artistic element of sports.
Directions for questions 14 to 19: Read the
passage and answer the questions that follow.
I had not met Reggie for several days. He seemed
to be quite preoccupied, but I was not sure why. I
called him several times at home, though I did not
receive any reply. But one fine day, I met him. I found
Reggie in the club one Saturday afternoon. He was
reclining in a long chair, motionless, his eyes fixed
glassily on the ceiling. He frowned a little when I
spoke, “You don’t seem to be doing anything.” I said,
”It’ s not what I am doing, it’s what I am not doing
VA – 05
that matters.” It sounded like an epigram, but 16. From the passage we can presume that the
epigrams are so little associated with Reggie that I mother believes young Willie Bodfish to
ventured to ask what he meant. be______.
(a) recalcitrant (b) intelligent
He sighed “Ah well.” He said, “I suppose the sooner (c) selfish (d) delightful
I tell you, the sooner you’ll go. Do you know Bodfish?”
I shuddered. “Wilkinson Bodfish? I do’’. “Have you 17. On listening to his friend Reggie, the narrator,
ever spent a weekend at Bodfish’s place in the seems worried that Reggie
country?”, I shuddered again, “I have”. “Well. I am (a) may have overworked.
not spending the weekend at Bodfish’s place in the (b) may be exhausted.
country”. “I see you’re not.” “But you don’t understand (c) may be somewhat mad.
I do not mean that I am simply absent from Bodfish’s (d) may not be where he wants to be.
place in the country, I mean that I am deliberately
not spending the weekend there. When you 18. As used in the passage, the word ‘epigram’
interrupted me just now, I was not strolling down means a______.
Bodfish’s garage, listening to his prattle about his (a) sarcastic remark (b) jargon
new car.” I glanced around uneasily. “Reggie, old (c) theorem (d) witty saying
man, you’re, you’re – not – This hot weather –”
19. Which of the following things does Bodfish
“I am perfectly well, and in possession of all my seem to have acquired recently?
faculties. Now tell me. Can you imagine anything (a) Yacht (b) Chalet
more awful than to spend the weekend with Bodfish?” (c) Car (d) Aquarium
On the spur of the moment, I could not. “Can you
imagine anything more delightful, then not spending Meaning of the underlined
a weekend with Bodfish? Well, that’s what I am doing part of the sentence
now. Soon, when you have gone — if you have any
other engagements, please don’t let me keep you
Directions for questions 20 to 29: In the following
— I shall not go into the house and not listen to Mrs
sentences, choose the correct meaning of the
Bodfish on the subject of young Willie Bodfish’s
underlined part.
premature intelligence.”
20. She started feeling low spirited and dejected
14. From the passage, we can conclude that
after losing consecutive matches in the tennis
Wilkinson Bodfish was
competition.
(a) a fine host and friendly companion.
(a) dependant (b) sanguine
(b) a member of the narrator’s club.
(c) optimistic (d) despondent
(c) a bore and a braggart.
(d) a happily married man.
21. The government is expected to be prudent
and exercise good judgement while making
15. The tone of this passage can best be described
use of the common man’s taxes.
as________.
(a) judicial (b) judgemental
(a) factual (b) philosophical
(c) judicious (d) juvenile
(c) narrative (d) critical

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22. The town of Valencia offers a good 29. Egypt’s military council continues to
understanding of the Spanish rural life. demonstrate its utter disrespect and scorn
(a) an insight (b) an incite for the citizens who risked their lives to end
(c) an inside (d) an onsite the President’s authoritarian rule.
(a) contempt (b) rebelliousness
23. It was surprising to see a man like
(c) esteem (d) admiration
Mr. Goswami, who was always known to be
very careful about details, make such an error.
(a) fastidious (b) vivacious Odd Word Out
(c) flustered (d) cadaverous
Directions for questions 30 to 39: Find the odd
24. Despite the efforts of the American word in each of the following set of words.
government, Al-Qaeda still has a lingering and
persisting, though unsuspecting presence in 30. (a) Call (b) Mark
Iraq. (c) Label (d) Address
(a) concealed (b) lurking
(c) bold (d) conspicuous 31. (a) Deep (b) Profound
(c) Superficial (d) Discerning
25. The brightest jewel in the crown of the Indian
democracy will be the act of bestowing the 32. (a) Humiliating (b) Shameful
right to food through the National Food (c) Upsetting (d) Thrilling
Security Act.
33. (a) Mastermind (b) Oaf
(a) handling of (b) acclimatize with
(c) Clown (d) Bumpkin
(c) abatement of (d) conferment of
34. (a) Glory (b) Shame
26. The other major paradigm shift observed in
(c) Acclaim (d) Laurels
recent years is the substitution of political
support of a patron with legal rights.
(a) approval (b) derogation 35. (a) Chubby (b) Corpulent
(c) patronage (d) orphanage (c) Slim (d) Roly-poly

27. I scoured the text but could find no mention 36. (a) Edgy (b) Calm
that the newspaper had estimated and (c) Anxious (d) Uneasy
predicted the opposite weather conditions.
(a) alleviated (b) forecast 37. (a) Reasonable (b) Level-headed
(c) forbade (d) weathered (c) Sound (d) Illogical

28. For Beveridge, idleness was an evil every bit 38. (a) Transitory (b) Ephemeral
as harmful and beguiling as disease or (c) Transient (d) Permanent
squalor.
(a) alluring (b) conspicuous 39. (a) Biology (b) Cartography
(c) dependable (d) insidious (c) Geology (d) Topography

Page 6 VA – 05
 Analogies 42. LANGUID : : ENERGY
(a) Maverick : Rebellion
Directions for questions 40 to 44: A related pair of (b) Scribe : Writing
words is followed by four pairs of words. Select the (c) Empathy : Humanity
pair that best expresses a relationship similar to (d) Messy : Tidiness
that expressed in the original pair.
43. ENRAGE : : PLACATE
40. SHALLOW : : DEPTH (a) Escalate : Abate
(a) Arid : Dryness (b) Defile : Adulterate
(b) Putrid : Corrupt (c) Ameliorate : Alleviate
(c) Aggressive : Fight (d) Exacerbate : Sharpen
(d) Superficial : Thorough
44. GLOBAL : : LOCAL
41. TYPHOON : : DESTRUCTION (a) Idolatrous : Religious
(a) Heartbreak : Depression (b) Miserly : Unique
(b) Asylum : Building (c) Capricious : Erratic
(c) Village : Town (d) Atheist : Theist
(d) Bureau : Office

VA – 05 Page 7
 CEX–5647/20 Verbal Ability – 05
Answers and Explanations
1. c Refer to the last paragraph. It is stated that PepsiCo gets
less than 20 percent of its sales from soft drinks as
compared to the 80 percent of Coca Cola. Hence, option
(c) is correct.
2. d Statement I is incorrect because nothing in the passage
suggests that Nooyi was 'too modest' to comment on any
such statement. Statement II is incorrect because it has
no basis and cannot be inferred from the given passage.
Nothing in the passage suggests that Nooyi would have
made a hue and cry if it was not in the normal course of
action. So, statement III cannot be inferred. Statement IV
is also incorrect as it cannot be inferred from the passage.
The passage only states that Nooyi did not comment on
the statement, but reason for the same cannot be
determined from the given information. Hence, option (d)
is correct.
3. a This is mentioned in the last paragraph. Refer to the line,
“PepsiCo leads in...share for Gatorade...” Hence, option
(a) is correct.
4. d Heidrick & Struggles Inc does not have anything to do
with women executives. There is no information in the
passage to suggest that this company had women
executives.
5. b Refer the to first line of the second paragraph. It is
mentioned that the civil society activists need to be open
minded for the consultative process. Options (a) and (c)
go against what is mentioned in the passage. Option (d)
is incorrect because only certain features of civil society’s
proposed alternative Jan Lokpal Bill have been criticized.
6. c Only statements 3 and 5 can be inferred from the passage.
Statement 3 can be inferred from the line, “It is
imperative...grievance redressal mechanism,” in the first
paragraph. Statement 5 can be inferred from the line,”
Anna Hazare won...the consultative process.” in the first
paragraph. Hence, option (c) is correct.
7. c Refer to the line “Anna Hazare won...the consultative
process” in the first paragraph. Both statements 1 and 2
can be inferred from the given lines. Hence, option (c) is
correct.
8. b Option (a) can be negated because all the demands of
the civil society activists are not workable. Option (c) is
rejected because it can be inferred from the passage
that some of the demands raised by the civil society
activists are pertinent. Option (d) is negated because the
principal object is to have in place an effective anti-
corruption and grievance redressal mechanism. Option
(b) is the only option that can be logically inferred from
the passage.
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BBA-HM
9. c The passage mentions all but the sports mentioned in
option (c). Refer to the line, “Similarly there are...marching
band etc.”
10. a Refer to the lines, “Sports have many...artistic spectales
in themselves” (first paragraph) and “The closeness of
art...sculpture and architecture.” (last paragraph). It can
be inferred from the passage that sports have art in their
execution. Hence, option (a) is correct.
11. d Pursuing something for its own sake is seen as
comparable to the aesthetic value of a car. Furthermore,
a car should not just travel a certain distance but should
impress with its grace and poise. Hence, option (d) is
correct.
12. b Refer to the lines, “The fact that art is so close to sports
in some situations is probably related to the nature of
sports...” and “The closeness of art and sport in these
times was revealed by the nature of the Olympic Games
which, as we have seen, were celebrations of both
sporting and artistic achievements, poetry, sculpture and
architecture.” It can be inferred that the reason for affinity
between the two games was the similarity in their
aesthetic nature i.e. creativity.
13. d The very fact that bull fighting gets reported in the art
pages makes it clear that it has artistic elements. Thus,
option (d) is the correct choice.
14. c In paragraph 2, Reggie tells the author of the passage
that he wouldn’t like to stroll down with Wilkinson Bodfish
in front of the latter’s garage and listen to him going on
and on (prattle) about his new car. From this sentence,
we can conclude that Bodfish was definitely not only a
braggart (he boasting about his new car) but a bore as
well. So, we can safely say that option (c) is the correct
answer. The rest of the options are out of context too.
15. c The passage is a representation of a story wherein the
author is narrating a conversation between him and
Reggie. The tone of the passage is not factual because
the passage does not state any fact. The tone cannot be
described as philosophical because it does not talk about
philosophical ideas or thoughts. Option (d) is incorrect
because the author is not presenting a critique in the
given passage. Hence, option (c) - 'narrative' is the correct
choice.
16. b Reggie, in the last line of the passage, says that he wouldn’t
like to go to Bodfish’s place and listen to the latter’s mother
tell him about his son’s ‘premature intelligence’. From this
phrase, we can presume that Wilkinson Bodfish’s mother
thought that he was an intelligent young fellow. Therefore,
option (b) is the correct answer.
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17. c From the way Reggie talks in the first two paragraphs,
the author fears that the former may have become
somewhat mad! And he tries telling it to Reggie – ‘Reggie,
old man, you’re, you’re – not – This hot weather – ‘but is
interrupted by the former who tells him that he is perfectly
in his senses. Hence, the correct answer is given by
option (c).
18. d An ‘epigram’ is a witty saying. Thus, option (d) is the
correct answer.
19. c The answer is clearly mentioned in the second paragraph
where Reggie tells the author that he wouldn’t like to
listen to Bodfish go on about his ‘new car’. Therefore, the
correct answer is given in option (c).
20. d The meaning of 'despondent' is ‘disheartened and without
hope’ and is therefore the correct meaning of the
underlined phrase. Option (a) is out of context. Option (b)
means ‘confident’ and option (c) is an antonym of
‘despondent’.
21. c The correct answer is ‘judicious’. It means ‘to exhibit sound
judgement’. None of the other options fit in the given
sentence. 'Judgemental' means ‘inclined to making
judgments’. 'Juvenile' means 'childish' and 'judicial' means
'relating to a proper court of law'.
22. a The correct answer is option (a) - 'insight' which means
to discern the true nature of a situation or to perceive in
an intuitive manner. Option (b) means 'to provoke' and is
therefore, out of context.
23. a A 'fastidious' person is one who displays careful and
meticulous attention to detail. 'Cadaverous' means corpse-
like while 'vivacious' means lively and full of spirit.
Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.
24. b Both 'bold' and 'conspicuous' give an opposite meaning
of the underlined phrase in the sentence. 'Concealed'
means hidden. 'Lurking' which means 'existing
unsuspected' fits in perfectly and is therefore, the correct
answer.
25. d The correct answer is option (d) - conferment. 'Abate'
means to become 'less strong' and 'acclimatize' means to
'get used to'. Hence, these are all out of context here.
26. c The correct answer is option (c) - 'patronage', which
means the support or encouragement of a patron.
'Derogation' means to 'belittle' or 'disparage' and so cannot
possibly be the answer here.
27. b 'Forecast' is the correct answer. ‘Forecast’ is used as
present, past and past participle. It does not change its
form. It means to predict weather conditions by analysis
of meteorological data. 'Alleviate' means 'to make
something less severe' and 'weathered' means 'to wear
away due to long exposure to the atmosphere'. Therefore,
both options are unsuitable in the given context.
28. d 'Insidious' which means ‘treacherous’ fits in the sentence
perfectly and is therefore, the correct answer. All the
other options are out of context. ‘To allure’ is to entice by
charm or attraction. ‘Conspicuous’ means striking.
Page 2
29. a The correct answer is 'contempt' which means ‘the state
of being disgraced and scorned’. 'Rebelliousness' means
'resistance' or 'disobedience' and is therefore, out of
context here.
30. a Options (b), (c) and (d) are used for identification and
indication of a particular thing. However, 'call' implies
'sound'.
31. c Options (a), (b) and (d) refer to showing good or
outstanding judgement or understanding. However, option
(c) is the antonym of the rest of the words. ‘Superficial’
means ‘affecting only the surface’.
32. d ‘Thrilling’ is extremely exciting. ‘Humiliating’, ‘shameful’ and
‘upsetting’ are its antonyms. All mean ‘embarrassing;
annoying’.
33. a Options (b), (c) and (d) refer to a clumsy, stupid person.
However, option (a) is the antonym of the rest of the
words.
34. b Options (a), (c) and (d) refer to enthusiastic approval or
acclaim. However, option (b) is the antonym of the rest
of the words.
35. c Options (a), (b) and (d) refer to bulky appearance.
However, option (c) is the antonym of the rest of the
words.
36. b Options (a), (c) and (d) refer to the feeling of anxiety.
Option (b) is the antonym of the rest of the words.
37. d Options (a), (b) and (c) refer to rationality in behaviour or
decision. However, option (d) is the antonym of the rest
of the words.
38. d Options (a), (b) and (c) refer to something that is short-
lived. Option (d) is the opposite.
39. a Option (a) is not related to Geography like the rest of the
choices. ‘Cartography’ is the science or art of making
maps and ‘topography’ is the detailed mapping or charting
of the features of a relatively small area, district, or locality.
40. d Just as a shallow thing lacks depth, a superficial person
lacks thoroughness. This depicts antonymous relationship.
Options (a), (b) and (c) have synonymous relationship.
41. a Just as a typhoon causes destruction, heartbreak causes
depression. Both have cause and effect relationship.
42. d Just as a languid person ‘lacks energy’, a messy person
‘lacks tidiness’ or ‘cleanliness’.
43. a Just as 'placate' is the opposite of 'enrage', 'escalate' is
the opposite of 'abate'. ‘Placate’ means to soothe or mollify
while ‘enrage’ to fill with anger. ‘Escalate’ means to
increase in extent or volume, while ‘abate’ means ‘to
reduce in degree or intensity’.
44. d Just as 'global' is the opposite of 'local', 'atheist' is the
opposite of 'theist'.
VA – 05