INDUSTRIAL SAFETY &

LABOUR WELFARE

INTERNSHIP REPORT
(14 May 2022 – 18 June 2022)

By

PUNEET CHAUDHARY
(20BME1121)

SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING

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CERTIFICATE

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I express my deepest gratitude to Prof. K Karunamurthy and Prof. Vijayalakshmi who devoted their
utmost efforts and time to participate in useful decision-making and provide the necessary best of
myself. That has been a successful learning process for me. I choose this moment to thank them for
their contributions.

Puneet chaudhary
[20BME1121]

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 ABSTRACT

In recent years, there have been many improvements in technologies and machines of different
fields, and each technology or machine comes from a different industrial background, so there
is a growing demand for industries with full process work and therefore a large amount of
work is required, of course, the more hour of work required, higher the risk of accident and to
minimize the industrial safety is of utmost importance.
The Labor Welfare Department aims to improve working conditions, maintain better labor
relations, strictly enforce labor laws, and carry out social welfare activities for industrial
workers and their families. Industrial progress depends on a satisfied workforce, and in this
regard the importance of workplace wellness measures has long been recognized.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
S.No. Contents Page No.
Certificate 2
Acknowledgement 3
Abstract 4
About the Course 6
1.1 Introduction to Industrial Safety 7
1.2 Objectives of Industrial Safety 7
2.1 Introduction to Labour Welfare 8
2.2 Objectives of Labour Welfare 8

3.1 Occupational Health Hazards 9

3.2 Safety Gears 10

3.3 Fire Safety 10-11
3.4 Occupational Health and Safety Management 12
3.5 HR Policies 13
3.6 Safety in Construction Industries 14
3.7 Environmental safety 15
3.8 Personal Survival Techniques 16
3.9 Elementary First Aid 16
4 Skills Learned 17
5 Conclusion 17
6 References 17

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 About the course

This is a value added course in industrial safety and Labour welfare and is
considered a valuable course for understanding the current safety and welfare
needs of workers working in an industry, or the safety that concern the
Environment, which has been seen to be equivalent to the basic course "Industrial
Internship" (MEE1902), so on completion of this course students may be eligible
for an Industrial Internship examination.

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 1. Introduction to Industrial safety
As the name suggests, industrial safety refers to the safety management practices that apply to the industrial
sector. Those processes aim to protect industrial workers, machinery, facilities, structures, and the
environment. Industrial safety is overseen by federal, state and local laws and regulations. The Occupational
Safety and Health Association (OSHA) is the primary regulatory body in the United States dedicated to
workplace safety, including the industrial sector. Objectives Preventing work-related fatalities, disabling
injuries, illness, and damage to machinery or materials Ensuring continued production by preventing
disruptive incidents Reducing workers compensation costs, maintaining lower insurance rates, and minimizing
indirect costs associated with accidents Strengthening safety culture and increasing employee morale Meeting
vendor and client expectations.

1.1 Objectives of Industrial safety

A practical objective of industrial safety is to mitigate the impact of the environment on manufacturing units
and individuals, and the role of industrial safety professionals is to find levers or opportunities for significant
improvement through concrete efforts. The objectives of an industrial security system are:

 Industrial safety is needed to check all the possible chances of accidents for preventing loss of life and
permanent disability of any industrial employee, any damage to machine and material.
 It is needed to eliminate accidents causing work stoppage and production loss.
 It is needed to reduce workman’s compensation, insurance rate, and all the cost of accidents.
 It is needed to increase production means to a higher standard of living.

Overall, the objective of industrial safety is to create a safe working environment for employees while
minimizing the risks of accidents and injuries

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2.1 Introduction to labour welfare

Labour welfare relates to taking care of the well-being of workers by employers, trade unions, governmental
and non-governmental institutions and agencies. Welfare includes anything that is done for the comfort and
improvement of employees and is provided over and above the wages.
Welfare helps in keeping the morale and motivation of the employees high so as to retain the employees for
a longer duration. Employee welfare includes monitoring of working conditions, creation of industrial
harmony through infrastructure for health, industrial relations and insurance against disease, accident and
unemployment for the workers and their families.

2.1 Objectives of labour welfare

The objectives of labour welfare are to promote the well-being and quality of life of workers and to ensure
that they have access to basic facilities and services that can help them lead a healthy and productive life.
Some specific objectives of labour welfare include:
 To provide better work life, personal and social life and health to the labour force.
 Dissatisfaction regarding work life among the workforce creates industrial conflict and dispute. Labour
welfare aims at minimizing industrial dispute and industrial conflict.
 To increase production by increasing efficiency.
 To provide a better physical work environment.
 To improve the standard of living of the workers.
 Labour welfare programmed aims at helping the laborer to overcome problems like absenteeism,
increased turnover, indebtedness, alcoholism, etc., which make the laborer both physically and
psychologically weak.

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3.1 Occupational health hazards
Occupational hazards in industry refer to hazards and potential hazards that workers may encounter
while performing their duties. These hazards can negatively affect the health and safety of employees
and lead to injury, illness, disability and death. Occupational injuries can be caused by a variety of
factors, including exposure to hazardous materials, improper working conditions, inadequate safety
precautions, and inadequate training.

It is the employer's responsibility to identify and assess these risks and implement measures to
eliminate or minimize them to ensure the health and safety of workers. This includes providing
personal protective equipment, implementing safety protocols and procedures, conducting safety
training, and monitoring work conditions to identify and mitigate potential hazards. In general,
occupational injury management is very important to protect the health of workers, reduce workplace
injuries and illnesses, and promote a safe and healthy work environment.

Some common occupational health hazards that are prevalent in industries include:

Chemical hazards: There are many kinds of hazardous chemicals and toxins in different
workplaces, including environmental smoke, cleaning products, acids, pesticides, carbon
monoxide, and flammable liquids.
Physical hazards: These are hazards in the environment that can harm your body without you
actually touching it, like radiation, prolonged exposure to sunlight, extreme high or low
temperatures, and loud noise.
Biological hazards: In some settings, such as farms, zoos, hospitals or medical offices, or veterinary
clinics, workers can be exposed to biological health hazards like blood, fungi, mold, viruses, animal
droppings, and insect bites.
Ergonomic hazards: These hazards put strain on your body over a period of time. You may just
feel sore or cramped in the short term, but repeatedly sitting or standing in awkward positions or
completing the same movements over and over, across a long period of time, can lead to long-
term injury and illness.
Safety: This category includes any condition, substance, or object that can injure a worker, like
working from heights, spills on floors, machinery with moving parts, confined spaces, steep stairs, or
exposed electrical wiring.
Work organization hazards: Workplace violence, discrimination, lack of respect, sexual harassment,
and other conditions are hazardous to mental, emotional, and physical health.

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3.2 Safety Gears
Safety equipment is equipment or devices designed to protect people from potential hazards and injuries while
performing certain activities and tasks. Safety equipment is any tool or clothing used to significantly reduce the
likelihood of an accident occurring.

This is because it is specifically made to protect against certain tasks where there is a risk of accidents.

These gears are usually used in industrial workshops, construction sites and hazardous environments to reduce the
risk of accidents. Each type of safety equipment is designed to protect a specific part of the body from potential
injuries such as head injuries, eye injuries, hand injuries, leg injuries, and breathing problems.

 Safety shoes: The resilient shoes protect the workers' feet from potential injuries that occur from
any heavy machines and equipment hitting the feet.
 Face shield- Industrial Safety Equipment: A face shield protects the workers’ faces when using
lathes and similar machinery or equipment as it produces plenty of flying chips. They are
comfortable and easy to use and can be flipped upwards when not in use.
 Earplugs or earmuffs: Used to protect the ears from loud noises or industrial noise pollution.
 Respirators: Used to protect workers from inhaling harmful dust, fumes, gases, and vapors.
 Safety gloves: Used to protect the hands from cuts, punctures, burns, or chemical exposure.
 Steel-toed boots: Used to protect the feet from heavy objects or equipment.
 Reflective vests or jackets: Used to increase visibility and help workers to be seen in low-light
conditions.
 Fall protection equipment: Includes harnesses, lanyards, and anchor points to prevent falls from
heights.
 Fire-resistant clothing: Used to protect workers from burns or fire hazards.
 Chemical protective clothing: Used to protect workers from exposure to hazardous chemicals or
substances.

3.3 Fire Safety

Fire safety is essential in any workplace. Because fire can cause a lot of loss of life and property.
Today, in this post, we will learn about fire safety and workplace safety.

In the chemical industry, whether at home or at work, fire safety is very important and should not be
neglected. Fire not only threatens human lives, but also damages property and the environment. Many
people die in fires every year. Therefore, ensuring fire safety in the workplace is very important.

Safety is everyone's responsibility, so employees, management, EHS departments, production

departments, maintenance departments and many others must work at their level to maintain a safe
work environment.

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Workplace fire safety tips:

 Fire safety awareness: Awareness is the most important thing that every person who works in a
manufacturing site where all the production and maintenance activities are carried out must be aware
of the dangers that surround them. You must be aware of the necessary actions in case of fire. Be. In
addition to firefighting procedures, employees must be aware of the fire hazards associated with their
jobs.
 Fire prevention plan: According to OSHA's fire plan, the fire plan must be communicated orally or in
writing if the employer has 10 or fewer employees, and if the employer has more than 10 employees,
the fire plan must be provided in writing to all employees.
 Emergency response team: An emergency response team should be established at the workplace.
Since firefighters cannot reach all locations, ERT members must be appointed from among the
employees working in the plant who can immediately respond to the fire before the firefighters arrive.
 Fire Emergency plan: According to OSHA, it’s the responsibility of an employer to create a Fire
emergency plan. Fire at the workplace is always a non-desirable thing but in the case of fire, the
facility should be prepared for such a situation, and hence, a fire emergency plan is required.
A fire emergency plan should include:
 Enough fire emergency exit and routes
 Evacuation procedures
 Emergency doors that open easily.
 Emergency lighting where needed.
 Fire exit layout if possible then emergency map
 Assembly point

Types of fire:

Class A (solid combustibles): Fires involving solid combustible materials of organic nature such as
wood, paper, rubber, plastics, etc.
Class B (Flammable Liquids): Fires involving flammable liquids or liquefiable solids.
Class C (Flammable Gases): Fires involving flammable gases under pressure including liquefied gases.
Class D (Flammable metals): Fires involving combustible metals, such as magnesium, aluminum, zinc,
sodium, potassium, etc.
Class F (Combustible Cooking Media): Fires involving particularly hot or deep oil and grease fires, such
as deep fat fryers in commercial kitchens or overheated oil pan fires in homes.

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3.4 Occupational Health and Safety Management
An occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS) is more than just a health and safety
program. It includes health and safety policies, systems, standards and records, and incorporates health
and safety activities and programs into other business processes. Having an effective management
system improves your ability to continuously identify hazards and control hazards in your workplace.

Components of an effective OHS management system

 Management leadership and commitment: Leadership and commitment by senior
management (CEO or senior management) provides vision, sets policy, sets goals, and provides
resources to lead and support the implementation of OHS management programs and systems.
 Safe work procedure and written instruction: Safe work procedures and practices ensure
that everyone in your organization knows their responsibilities and performs their duties
effectively. There should be safe work practices at the organizational level, such as how risk
assessments are conducted, and safe work practices at the worker level, such as proper lockout
procedures.
 Health and safety training and instruction: Everyone in the workplace, from senior
management to front-line employees, must understand their responsibilities in implementing
and maintaining a healthy and safe workplace. Senior management must understand their role
in establishing policies and continuing to drive OHS management systems and programs.
Employers must ensure that workers are trained, qualified and competent to perform their jobs.
Supervisors must provide proper direction and supervision to workers so that they can perform
their work safely. Workers must also follow the procedures for which they have been trained
and work safely.
 Identifying hazards and managing risk: Risk management in the workplace involves
identifying hazards, assessing the risks posed by those hazards, and managing risk to prevent
harm to employees.
 Inspection of premises, equipment, workplaces & work practices: Workplace inspections
help identify hazards on an ongoing basis and prevent unsafe working conditions from
occurring.
 Investigation of incidents: By conducting an incident investigation, you can identify the direct
and root cause of a dangerous situation. It also identifies ways to prevent similar incidents from
happening in the future. Occupational health and safety regulations have specific requirements
for documenting and reporting incident investigations that employers must comply with.
 Program administration: Regular evaluation of the organization's performance in meeting its
safety and health objectives is essential to improving the OHS management system. Keeping
accurate records of the OHS management system activities gives you this information that
helps you in continuous improvement.
 Joint health and safety committee & representatives: Joint health and safety committees and
health and safety officers bring together employers and workers to help organizations jointly
identify and resolve workplace health and safety issues. We will also contribute to the
development and implementation of the OHS management system.

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3.5 HR Policies

Personnel strategy is also described as a set of concepts and codes of conduct that regulate the organization's
interactions with its employees. This type of proposed policy sets guidelines for a wide range of
employment relationships within the company. The purpose and relevance of human resource laws is
obvious. All businesses need policies to promote fairness and equity in employee relations.
HR Department Policies and Practices are critical in SMEs because they give an outline, management,
uniformity, justice, and rationality. They also guarantee that employment laws are followed and that
workers are aware of their obligations and the Business’s goals.

Here are a few HR policies followed in the industry:

 Labor contract: In India, it is important to keep proper records for employees working in a
company. Employee contracts act as an umbrella that covers a list of HR policies and agreements.
As per the Indian Employment Act, you need to file the appropriate documents for your employees to properly
navigate the complex and varied employment framework.
So having accurate and up-to-date documents that prove your employees' compliance with the company can
help you in the long run and save you from legal trouble later. Therefore, labor and wage laws must be followed
when processing documents.

 Employee wages: Employee payroll is one of the key aspects of workforce management. The task of the
human resources department of the company is the effective management of employee rights. This includes
offering competitive salaries to employees and continuing to follow government policies.
Various laws passed by the government cover the rights of employees. The most notable is the Minimum Wage
Act of 1948. This law sets a certain wage as the minimum wage for skilled and unskilled workers. This law
requires employees to receive a "basic" salary to meet their living expenses.

 Code of conduct: Code of conduct is a corporate policy and includes vision, mission and ethics. It was
created to inform employees of the process of workplace behavior and to maintain order.
A code of conduct is a type of personnel policy that contains company rules that employees must follow. This
policy includes dress codes, equal pay for all, electronic use policies, conflict of interest, media policies and
good work environment. It also includes rules and penalties for employees who violate or violate the code of
conduct.

 Leave policy: Depending on their needs, all companies should have a proper leave policy that clearly
states the leave that can be used throughout the year. This policy should include the proper division of
leave into paid leave, sick leave, temporary leave, etc. Holidays should also be mentioned.

 Employee provident fund: All employers are responsible for setting up social security fund accounts
for each employee. The Employees' Provident Fund Act of 1947 provides income security to retired
employees. It is like a security fund that provides employees with various benefits such as housing
allowance, health insurance and retirement pension.

 System audit: The COR auditor examines key aspects of the OHS management system to ensure
that its quality and effectiveness meet the expectations of the COR program standards and guidelines.
This maintains the validity and value of the COR certification.

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3.6 Safety measure in industry:
 Encourage employees to report any unsafe working conditions: In case there’s something you
don’t see, make sure your employees feel empowered to come forward and report equipment or
conditions that are safety risks.

 Mandated training for new hires: When hiring people to do dangerous jobs, like operating a forklift
or working with heavy machinery, it’s important to make sure employees are trained in-house. And, in
accordance with federal and state requirements.

 Offer ongoing safety training: When an employee is up to date on job safety, they’re more likely to
work safely. Regular safety training sessions benefit all.

 Allow only authorized personnel to use machinery: If an employee hasn’t been officially trained to
use a certain machine, they shouldn’t be using it.

 Provide personal protective equipment to all employees who need it: Think: safety glasses, hard
hats, steel-toed boots, aprons, gloves, and more. Encourage all employees to wear personal protective
equipment when and wherever necessary.

 Hang mirrors and warning signs to combat blind spots: If your employees are operating heavy
machinery in the workplace, help them see at all angles with corner mirrors and blind spot signs. It’s a
simple, affordable solution to prevent larger problems.

 Prevent slips, trips and falls: Ask employees to report or clean any spills or leaks across the facility.
Also, perform regular maintenance on spots with worn, ripped, or damaged flooring that could cause
trips or falls.

 Store flammable liquids away from the work area: If your employees work with any combustible
materials, keep only the amount they need for the job nearby. Store the rest safely in approved
containers in an assigned storage area.

 Store all other materials in their proper places: At the end of the workday, make sure employees
clean up their spaces and store all materials in their designated places.

 Keep aisles and exits clear of clutter: In case of emergency, all routes should be clear. Pay special
attention to clearing paths to stairways and fire doors.

 Promote a substance-free workspace: Employees who use drugs or alcohol while on the clock can
do serious damage. Substance use can lead to injured employees or other team members.

 Create a safety incentive program: Where there’s a reward, there’s motivation to earn that reward.
One of the best ways to support a safe workspace is to reward employees for maintaining one

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3.7 Environmental Safety
Environmental safety is defined as rules, regulations and procedures that are put in place to ensure that there is
no risk to the health and safety of workers and residents living near industrial activities and to prevent
unwanted environmental damage. There are workplaces, laboratories and industrial sites around.
Environmental safety is a major concern in any industrial activity. Negligence or non-compliance increases
the probability of accidents leading to injury, disease and release into the environment.

Environmental safety is generally classified into three subcategories: occupational health and safety programs,
environmental management, and chemical safety.

Injuries and illnesses caused by work-related operations and situations hinder personal productivity. If an
employee is injured or disabled, medical expenses and lost wages are paid. It also leads to economic losses for
the company and the government. That's why occupational health and safety (OSH) programs are strictly
enforced for companies that work with hazardous chemicals, fumes, emissions, and waste.

Environmental control is another aspect of environmental safety that deals with the proper control and
disposal of pollutants and other environmental threats. Environmental controls include engineering solutions
and administrative controls to minimize inhalation exposure, skin and eye contact, ingestion, and injection
hazards.

Chemical safety is another environmental safety concern that primarily focuses on ensuring that hazardous
chemicals are properly stored, used, and disposed of. Businesses must be aware of the chemical safety
regulations, as it not only saves lives and preserves the environment, but also prevents regulatory penalties and
fines for non-compliance.

The following are some examples of general environmental controls for facilities:

 Safety color codes for pipes and cans

 Marking hazards
 Provision of safety signs (Danger,
 Caution, and Instruction signs)
Lockout/Tag-out (LO/TO)
 Provision of sanitation facilities

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3.8 Personal Survival Techniques

The following are some personal survival techniques that may be helpful during an industrial disaster:
 Be prepared: always Keep a disaster kit ready. It should contain essential items such as food,
water, first aid supplies, a flashlight, a whistle, a radio, and any necessary medication.
 Evacuate when necessary: If authorities recommend or order an evacuation, do not hesitate
to leave. Follow the designated evacuation routes and avoid shortcuts that may put you in
danger.
 Avoid contaminated areas: Stay away from areas that may be contaminated by hazardous
materials or chemicals. If you come into contact with any hazardous material, remove
contaminated clothing and seek medical attention immediately.
 Stay calm: Panic can be dangerous in an emergency situation. Stay calm and focused and try to
think logically about what you need to do to stay safe.

3.9 Elementary First Aid

Elementary first aid is a basic level of medical care that can be given to someone who has been injured or
is in distress. In industries, it is important for employees to be trained in basic first aid so that they can
respond quickly and effectively in the event of an emergency. Here are some of the key elements of
elementary first aid that are important in industries:

 Bandaging and splinting in case of any injury or wound.

 Tables like paracetamol should be available in the elementary first aid to take if feeling fever
or unwell.
 Tablets for dizziness, vomiting or feeling unwell.
 Necessary antibiotics and capsules should be there in the first aid kit.
 Antiseptic lotions and solutions like Savlon, Dettol, etc. to apply on a wound or injury.
 Employees should be trained in CPR so that they can provide immediate help in case someone
stops breathing or their heart stops beating.
 Necessary equipment's like digital blood pressure measuring instruments, weighing machine, etc.
 There should be medical person in the industry or contact should be there with nearest hospital so
that necessary actions can be taken in case of emergency.

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4 Skills Learned

The course offered is very informative and gave lots of learning about Industrial safety and labour welfare.
Start from safety measures required in the industry, needs of the safety measures, types of safety measures
that can be employed, labour welfare, hazard evaluation and safety management. The skills I learned from
this course is about how to do safety management and important measures needed to be taken to ensure
safety and welfare of the labourers working in the industry so that they can perform with their full
potential and reduce chances of any injury or mishap.

5. Conclusion

At the end of the course, I have successfully learned about industrial safety and labour welfare
and I am confident that this course has been so useful to me that I will be able to apply it in the
real world as well, if need be, I also believe that this course will be of great use for the future.

6. Refrences :

 https://www.safeopedia.com/definition/1052/industrial-safety
 https://www.preservearticles.com/human-resource-management/labourwelfare/31213
 https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/occupational-hazards
 https://www.startuphrtoolkit.com/hr-policies-in-india/

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