Topic: Quadrilaterals

Sub-topic: Parallelogram

OBJECTIVES
1. Recall the different kinds of quadrilaterals
2. Identify quadrilaterals that are parallelogram
3. Show camaraderie in doing the activity

Things to Remember:

Definition:
Quadrilateral is a closed figure with four sides.
Parallelogram is a quadrilateral with two pairs of opposite sides parallel
Rectangle is a parallelogram with all angles are right
Rhombus is a parallelogram with all sides congruent
Square is a parallelogram with all sides congruent and with all the angles right.

Let’s Do These!
Study the figure below and name as many parallelograms as you
can. If the parallelogram is special, tell whether if it is a
rectangle, rhombus or square.

A B C D

E F GH I J

K L M N

Examples:
Rhombus BCHF
Parallelogram GIML

1
 I Can Do These!

Using the Cartesian plane, plot each sets of points and connect consecutively to
form a quadrilateral. Identify whether the figure is a parallelogram or not.
1. A (-1,2), B (-1,0), C (1,0), D (1, 2)
2. E (1, 0), F (3, 0), G (0, -2), H (3, -2)
3. I (-4, -2), J (-4, -4), K (0, -2), L (0, -4)
4. M (3, 4), N (2, 2), O (3, 0), P (4, 2)
5. Q (-4, 2); R (-5,1), S (-3, 1), T (-4, -2)

2
 Let’s Do More!

In the picture is the temporary ICT room of Kaong National High

School while the construction of the new building is on-going.
Name all the objects that represent parallelogram in this room.

Challenge Yourself!

Using the schematic diagram of quadrilaterals, classify each statement as

true or false.
a. Every rectangle is a quadrilateral.
b. Every rectangle is a parallelogram.
c. Every square is a rectangle
d. Every parallelogram is a square
e. A square is both a rectangle and a rhombus.

3
Topic: Quadrilaterals
Sub-topic: Parallelogram

OBJECTIVES:
1. Determine the conditions that make a quadrilateral a parallelogram
2. Identify if the quadrilateral is a parallelogram using the given condition
3. Appreciate the importance of quadrilaterals in real life.

Things to Remember:

Conditions that guarantee a quadrilateral a parallelogram:

Opposite sides of a parallelogram are congruent

Opposite angles of a parallelogram are congruent
Consecutive angles of a parallelogram are supplementary
The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other
Either diagonal of a parallelogram forms two congruent triangles

Let’s Do These!

Given: Parallelogram MATH

a. MA M A
b.
c. MS S

H T

4
 I Can Do These!
Complete the table by illustrating the parallelogram being described.
Put markings on the figure to represent the property.

Properties of Parallelogram
Opposite Opposite Opposite Consecutive Diagonals
sides sides angles are angles are bisect each
are parallel
are congruent congruent supplementary other

Let’s Do More!

Alex uses parallelogram DEFG in completing the table.

REASON
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

Challenge Yourself!

A. Identify the following:

a. Quadrilateral BRAD
b. BD and RA
c. and
d. and T
e. DR and BA

B. Complete the statement:

5
f. ̅ ̅ ̅
g.
h. ̅ ̅ ̅
i.
j.

6
Module 5: QUADRILATERALS
Sub-Topic: Quadrilaterals

I – OBJECTIVES
1. Describe the angles, sides and other quantities involving parallelogram
2. Find the measure of angles, sides and other quantities
involving parallelogram
3. Show patience in finding the measure of angles and sides of
a parallelogram

Things to Remember:

The opposite sides of a parallelogram are congruent and parallel

The opposite angles of a parallelogram are congruent.
Consecutive angles of a square/ rectangle are congruent and
supplementary
Diagonals bisect each other.

Let’s Do This!

A .Find the measure of angles and sides in each parallelogram.

e.g 1.
A 9 D P I
50

112
B C N A

note: ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅, ̅ ̅ =
̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ =
=
Consecutive angles are supplementary

7
2. 3
X 0
y0 H O

7
105o
E 14 M
75 y0

HE = , OM =
H= , O=
m x= ,m y= ,m z=_

4. 5.
a x y

b
c
z 100

60 x=
y=
m = z=
m =
m =

Questions
1. Measure NAI and PNA, What did you find?
2. What can you say about the consecutive angles in each figure?
3. Whenyou draw diagonals in each figure. What did you find?
4. Does quadrilateral HOME appear to be a parallelogram? Why?
What specific parallelogram does it represent?

I Can Do This!

Defense! Defense!
Study the following parallelograms below and answer the questions .
Figure Questions Answer
1. a. if AD = 7
What is BC?
A 6 B If AB = 6
What is DC?
7 b. Why did you say
so?

D C

8
2. a.If m ELO=115
L O Find m LOV
115 0 m EVO

b. Why did you say

65 0
so?
E V

3. a. PI = 4 and LP = 6
L I What is KP & PE
b. Why?
P

K E
4. a. If SU = 20
S U What is ER?
b. Why?

E R

Questions
1. How did you get the measure of sides and angles of a
parallelogram?
2. Is the information helpful to find the measure of angles and
sides of a parallelogram?

Let’s Do More!

Do the procedures below and answer the questions that follow.

Materials Needed: bond paper, protractor, ruler, pencil, and compass
Procedure:
1. Mark two points O and P that are 10 cm apart.
2. Draw parallel segments from O and P which are 6 cm each, on
the same side of OP and are perpendicular to OP.
3. Name the endpoints from O and P as H and E, respectively,
and draw HE.
4. Draw the diagonals of the figure formed.
Questions:
1. Measure OHE and PEH. What did you find?
2. What can you say about the four angles of the figure?
3. Measure the diagonals. What did you find?
4. Does quadrilateral HOPE appear to be a parallelogram? Why?
5. What specific parallelogram does it represent
9
 Challenge Yourself!

Choose the letter of the best answer

1.What is the measure of 2 in rhombus
HOME?
a. 75°
b. 90°
c. 105°
d. 180°
2.. Two consecutive angles of a
parallelogram have measures (x + 30)°
and [2(x – 30)]°. What
is the measure of the smaller angle?
a. 30° c. 100°
b. 80° d 140°
3.. In rhombus RHOM, what is the measure of
ROH?
a. 35°
b. 45°
c. 55°
d. 90°
4. In rectangle KAYE, YO = 18 cm. Find the length of diagonal AE.
a. 6 cm
b. 9 cm
c. 18 cm
d. 36 cm

IV – ASSIGNMENT
1. Follow-up
Show More What You’ve Got!
Solve each problem completely and accurately on a clean sheet of paper.
Show your solution and write the theorems or properties you applied to
justify each step in the solution process. You may illustrate each given, to
serve as your guide. Be sure to box your final answer.
A. Given: Quadrilateral WISH is a parallelogram.
a. If m W = x + 15 and m S = 2x + 5, what is m W?
b. If WI = 3y + 3 and HS = y + 13, how long is HS?
c. ❏WISH is a rectangle and its perimeter is 56 cm. One side is 5 cm
less than twice the other side. What are its dimensions and how
large is its area?
d. What is the perimeter and the area of the largest square that can
be formed from rectangle WISH in 1.c.?
B. Given: Quadrilateral POST is an isosceles trapezoid with OS || PT. ER
is its median.
a. If OS = 3x – 2, PT = 2x + 10 and ER = 14, how long is each base?
b. If m P = 2x + 5 and m O = 3x – 10, what is m T?

10
 c. One base is twice the other and ER is 6 cm long. If its perimeter
is 27 cm, how long is each leg?
d. ER is 8.5 in long and one leg measures 9 in. What is its perimeter
if one of the bases is 3 in more than the other?

2. Study how find the measure of angles and sides of trapezoids

11
Module 5: Quadrilaterals
Lesson 1: Trapezoids

I – OBJECTIVES
a. Prove theorems on trapezoids
b. Apply theorems on trapezoids in solving problems.
c. Show camaraderie in doing activities.

II – SUBJECT MATTER
Topic: Quadrilaterals
Sub-Topic: Trapezoid
Materials: Activity Sheets, Laptop and monitor
References: Learner’s Material for Mathematics 9 pp.306-308
Teachers Guide for Mathematics 9 pp.306-308
Math Time p 2
Geometry by Holt

THINGS TO REMEMBER:

Properties of a kite

1. The diagonals are ⊥.

2. It has exactly one pair of opposite s ≌.
3. A diagonal of a kite bisects a pair of opposite s

TRAP is an isosceles trapezoid with median ̅ ̅ ̅ . Determine the

relation exists between each of the following:

1. ̅ ̅ and ̅ ̅ ̅
2.
̅
̅ ̅ and ̅ ̅ ̅
3. ̅ ̅ ̅and ̅ ̅ ̅
4. ̅ ̅ ̅ and̅
̅
̅ ̅
5. T and R
12
 Many different kinds of ornamental/ medicinal plants are found here
in Tagaytay because of its good climate. Restaurants here like Sonya’s
Garden is popular for their fresh and organic dishes. Considering this pot
of fresh flowers.

LOVE is an isosceles trapezoid, find the indicated measures.

If LO = 2x -2 , YU = 15 and EV = 3x+2, find x, LO and EV.

Use isosceles trapezoid TRAP to find the following measure:

2. RP
TP = 18

13
Module 5: Quadrilaterals
Lesson 1: Special Parallelograms

I – OBJECTIVES
a. Prove theorem on special parallelogram.
b. Apply theorem on special parallelogram.
c. Value accumulated knowledge as means of new understanding.

II – SUBJECT MATTER
Topic: Quadrilaterals
Sub-Topic: Special Parallelogram
Materials: Activity Sheets, Laptop and monitor
References: Learner’s Material for Mathematics 9
Teachers Guide for Mathematics 9
Geometry by Holt

THINGS TO REMEMBER:

1. Diagonals of rhombus are perpendicular.

2. Each diagonal of a rhombus bisects a pair of opposite angles.
3. Diagonals of a rectangle are congruent.
4. Diagonals of a square are perpendicular and congruent.

Work in Pairs.

1. A contractor of City Land near Olivarez Plaza, built a wood frame for the
side of a house so that ≌ and ≌ . Using a tape measure, the contractor found
that ̅ ̅ ̅=̅
̅
̅ ̅ . Why must the frame be a rectangle?

Reason: Both pairs of opposite sides

of WXYZ are , so WXYZ is a parallelogram, since ̅ ̅ ̅=̅

14
̅
̅ ̅ , the of WXYZ are , Therefore the frame is a
rectangle by theorem b.

15
 2. Given: PARK is parallelogram

bisects KRA and KPA

Prove: JKLM is a rhombus

Statements Reasons
1. 1. Given

2. 1≌ 2, 3≌ 4 2.

1. ≌ 3.
2. _ 4. ASA

5. ≌ 5.

6. with one pair of consecutive 6.

sides are ≌

Luis of Sonya’s garden is making a frame to provide shelter to his

planted tomatoes; He stretched plastic cover a wooden frame. Each wall of
the frame is a rectangle, with diagonal braces added for support, as shown.
If the brace connecting points A and C has length of 73 inches, how long is
the brace connecting points B and D? What is the length from the point of
intersection to pt A?

If RHOM is a rhombus, , , Find y, RH, HO, OM

Write each as expressions with

positive rational exponents.

16
1. If QUAD is a rectangle,
a. =21 =
b. =13.5, =
c. m QUA=
d. m DQA=38°, m UQA=
e. m QAU=25°, m AEU=

2. If QUAD is a square

a. =17.5 =
b. =37, =
c .m QUA=
d. m QED=
e. m UDA=

17
Topic: Quadrilaterals
Sub-Topic: Midline Theorem

I – OBJECTIVES
a. Proves the Midline Theorem
b. Apply the Midline Theorem
c. Show camaraderie in doing the activity

THINGS TO REMEMBER:

Midline Theorem
The segment whose endpoints are the midpoints of two sides of a triangle is parallel to the
The next theorems can be proved by using the midline
theorem.
If the consecutive midpoints of the sides of a y quadrilateral are joined together, then the qu
If three or more parallel lines cut off congruent segments on one transversal, then they cut

Consider ∆ABC, if M and N are midpoints of ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ , respectively,

and
then ̅ ̅ ̅ is a midline ( or a midsegment). Prove that
̅
̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ and MN = DC.

Statements Reasons
1. Draw ⃗ 1. Construction

18
⃗⃗
⃗ ⃗ , such that ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅
2. 2. Given
3. ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅, ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ 3.
4. 4.

19
5. ∆MAN ∆OCN 5.
6. 6. CPCTC
7. AD || CO 7. If AIAC, then the lines are
parallel.
8. AM CO 8.
9. MD CO 9.
10. MOCD is a parallelogram 10.
11. MN || DC 11. Definition of parallelogram
12. MO DC 12.
13. MO = DC 13.
14. MN + NO = MO 14.
15. MN + MN = MO 15.
16. 2MN = MO 16.
17. 2MN =DC 17.
18. MN = DC (The segment joining 18.
the midpoints of two sides of a triangle
is half as long as the third side.)

Activity: Go for It!

In ∆MCG, A and I are the midpoints of MG and GC, respectively.
Consider each given information and answer the questions that follow.

1. Given: AI = 10.5
Questions:
• What is MC?
•How did you solve for MC?

2. Given: CG = 32
Questions:
• What is GI?
• How did you solve for GI?

3.Given: AG = 7 and CI = 8
Questions: •
What is MG + GC?
• How did you solve for the sum?

4. Given: AI = 3x – 2 and MC = 9x – 13
Questions:
• What is the value of x?
• How did you solve for x?
• What is the sum of AI + MC? Why?

5. Given: MG CG, AG – 2y – 1, IC = y + 5

20
Questions:
• What is the value of y?
• How did you solve for y?
• How long are MG and CG? Why?

M and N are midpoints of AC and AD respectively. Complete each

statement.

1. If MN = 12 then DC =
2. If AD = 36, then AN =
3. If MC = 12.5 then AC =
4. If DC = 37 then MN =
5. If MN = x – 2 and DC = x +10, then DC =

21
Topic: Quadrilaterals
Lesson 1: Trapezoids
Learning Competency 34: Proves theorems on trapezoids and kites.

I – OBJECTIVES
a. Prove theorems on trapezoids
b. Apply theorems on trapezoids in solving problems.
c. Show camaraderie in doing activities.

II – SUBJECT MATTER
Topic: Quadrilaterals
Sub-Topic: Trapezoid
Materials: Activity Sheets, Laptop and monitor
References: Learner’s Material for Mathematics 9 pp.306-308
Teachers Guide for Mathematics 9 pp.306-308
Math Time p 2
Geometry by Holt

THINGS TO REMEMBER:

Properties of a kite

1. The diagonals are ⊥.

2. It has exactly one pair of opposite s ≌.
3. A diagonal of a kite bisects a pair of opposite s

TRAP is an isosceles trapezoid with median ̅ ̅ ̅ . Determine the

relation exists between each of the following:

1. ̅ ̅ and ̅ ̅ ̅
2.
̅
̅ ̅ and ̅ ̅ ̅
3. ̅ ̅ ̅and ̅ ̅ ̅
4. ̅ ̅ ̅ and̅
̅
̅ ̅
5. T and R

22
 Many different kinds of ornamental/ medicinal plants are found here
in Tagaytay because of its good climate. Restaurants here like Sonya’s
Garden is popular for their fresh and organic dishes. Considering this pot
of fresh flowers.

LOVE is an isosceles trapezoid, find the indicated measures.

If LO = 2x -2 , YU = 15 and EV = 3x+2, find x, LO and EV.

Use isosceles trapezoid TRAP to find the following measure:

2. RP
TP = 18

23
Topic: Quadrilaterals
Lesson 1: Kite
Learning Competency 34: Proves theorems on trapezoids and kite.

I – OBJECTIVES
a. Prove theorem on kites
b. Apply theorem on kites in solving problems.
c. Show camaraderie in doing activities

II – SUBJECT MATTER
Topic: Quadrilaterals
Sub-Topic: Kite
Materials: Activity Sheets, Laptop and monitor
References: Learner’s Material for Mathematics 9 pp.306-308
Teachers Guide for Mathematics 9
Math Time p 2
Geometry by Holt

THINGS TO REMEMBER:

1. The diagonals of a kite are ⊥.

2. Exactly one pair of opposite s is ≌.
3. Exactly one diagonal of a kite bisects a pair of opposite s

Given: JKLM is a kite with ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ and ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ Prove: K ≌ M

It is that ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅and ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ . By the Property

̅ ≌ ̅ . This means that ΔJKL ≌ ΔJML by So K≌ M by .

Given: MARI is a kite with diagonals

̅ ̅ ̅ and ̅ ̅ complete the following

24
 1. ̅ ̅

2. ̅
̅
̅ ̅
3. ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅
4. IER is a
5. m MEA =
6. AMI
7. MAI
8. RIA
9. ̅ ̅ ̅
10. AMI

In KITE PQRS, m PQR= 78° and m TRS= 59°, Find

a. m QRT
b. m QPS
c. m PSR

Find the indicated measure if MATH is a kite

1. AT
2. TH

3. MO

4. AO
5. m MOA MT =16

6. m MAH
7. m MHA

8. m ATH
9. m MAT
10. m M + m A + m T + m H = s
25
 Topic: Quadrilaterals
Sub-Topic: Midline Theorem

I – OBJECTIVES
a. Proves the Midline Theorem
b. Apply the Midline Theorem
c. Show camaraderie in doing the activity

THINGS TO REMEMBER:

Midline Theorem
The segment whose endpoints are the midpoints of two sides of a triangle is parallel to the third s
The next theorems can be proved by using the midline
theorem.
If the consecutive midpoints of the sides of a y quadrilateral are joined together, then the quadrila
If three or more parallel lines cut off congruent segments on one transversal, then they cut off con

Consider ∆ABC, if M and N are midpoints of ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ , respectively,

and
then ̅ ̅ ̅ is a midline ( or a midsegment). Prove that
̅
̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ and MN = DC.

Statements Reasons
1. Draw ⃗ 1. Construction
⃗⃗
⃗ ⃗ , such that ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅

26
2. 2. Given
3. ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ , ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ 3.
4. 4.
5. ∆MAN ∆OCN 5.
6. 6. CPCTC

27
7. AD || CO 7. If AIAC, then the lines are parallel.
8. AM CO 8.
9. MD CO 9.
10. MOCD is a parallelogram 10.
11. MN || DC 11. Definition of parallelogram
12. MO DC 12.
13. MO = DC 13.
14. MN + NO = MO 14.
15. MN + MN = MO 15.
16. 2MN = MO 16.
17. 2MN =DC 17.
18. MN = DC (The segment joining the 18.
midpoints of two sides of a triangle is half
as long as the third side.)

Activity: Go for It!

In ∆MCG, A and I are the midpoints of MG and GC, respectively.
Consider each given information and answer the questions that follow.

1. Given: AI = 10.5
Questions:
• What is MC?
•How did you solve for MC?

2. Given: CG = 32
Questions:
• What is GI?
• How did you solve for GI?

3.Given: AG = 7 and CI = 8
Questions: •
What is MG + GC?
• How did you solve for the sum?

4. Given: AI = 3x – 2 and MC = 9x – 13
Questions:
• What is the value of x?
• How did you solve for x?
• What is the sum of AI + MC? Why?

5. Given: MG CG, AG – 2y – 1, IC = y + 5
Questions:
• What is the value of y?
• How did you solve for y?
• How long are MG and CG? Why?

28
M and N are midpoints of AC and AD respectively. Complete each
statement.

6. If MN = 12 then DC = _
7. If AD = 36, then AN =
8. If MC = 12.5 then AC =
9. If DC = 37 then MN =
10. If MN = x – 2 and DC = x +10, then DC =

29
Topic: Quadrilaterals
Lesson 1: Trapezoids
Learning Competency 34: Proves theorems on trapezoids and kites.

I – OBJECTIVES
a. Prove theorems on trapezoids
b. Apply theorems on trapezoids in solving problems.
c. Show camaraderie in doing activities.

II – SUBJECT MATTER
Topic: Quadrilaterals
Sub-Topic: Trapezoid
Materials: Activity Sheets, Laptop and monitor
References: Learner’s Material for Mathematics 9 pp.306-308
Teachers Guide for Mathematics 9 pp.306-308
Math Time p 2
Geometry by Holt

THINGS TO REMEMBER:

Properties of a kite

1. The diagonals are ⊥.

2. It has exactly one pair of opposite s ≌.
3. A diagonal of a kite bisects a pair of opposite s

TRAP is an isosceles trapezoid with median ̅ ̅ ̅ . Determine the

relation exists between each of the following:

4. ̅ ̅ and ̅ ̅ ̅
5.
̅
̅ ̅ and ̅ ̅ ̅
6. ̅ ̅ ̅and ̅ ̅ ̅
7. ̅ ̅ ̅ and̅
̅
̅ ̅
8. T and R

30
 Many different kinds of ornamental/ medicinal plants are found here
in Tagaytay because of its good climate. Restaurants here like Sonya’s
Garden is popular for their fresh and organic dishes. Considering this pot
of fresh flowers.

LOVE is an isosceles trapezoid, find the indicated measures.

If LO = 2x -2 , YU = 15 and EV = 3x+2, find x, LO and EV.

Use isosceles trapezoid TRAP to find the following measure:

2. RP
TP = 18

31
Topic: Quadrilaterals
Lesson 1:Kite
Learning Competency 34: Proves theorems on kite.

I – OBJECTIVES
a. Prove theorem on kites
b. Apply theorem on kites in solving problems.
c. Show camaraderie in doing activities

II – SUBJECT MATTER
Topic: Quadrilaterals
Sub-Topic: Kite
Materials: Activity Sheets, Laptop and monitor
References: Learner’s Material for Mathematics 9 pp.306-308
Teachers Guide for Mathematics 9
Math Time p 2
Geometry by Holt

THINGS TO REMEMBER:

1. The diagonals of a kite are ⊥.

2. Exactly one pair of opposite s is ≌.
3. Exactly one diagonal of a kite bisects a pair of opposite s

Given: JKLM is a kite with ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ and ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ Prove: K ≌ M

It is that ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅and ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ . By the Property

̅ ≌ ̅ . This means that ΔJKL ≌ ΔJML by So K≌ M by .

Given: MARI is a kite with diagonals ̅ ̅ ̅ and ̅ ̅ complete the following

32
 11. ̅ ̅

12. ̅
̅
̅ ̅
13. ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅
14. IER is a
15. m MEA =
16. AMI
17. MAI
18. RIA
19. ̅ ̅ ̅
20. AMI

In KITE PQRS, m PQR= 78° and m TRS= 59°, Find

a. m QRT
b. m QPS
c. m PSR

Find the indicated measure if MATH is a kite

1. AT
2. TH

3. MO
4. AO
5. m MOA MT =16

6. m MAH
7. m MHA

8. m ATH
9. m MAT

10. m M + m A + m T + m H = s
33
Topic: Quadrilaterals
Sub-topic: Solving Problems Involving Parallelograms, Trapezoids and
Kites
Learning Competency 35: Solves problems involving parallelograms,
trapezoids, and kites.
OBJECTIVES
a. state the properties of parallelograms, trapezoids, and kites
b. apply the properties of quadrilaterals in solving problems
c. appreciate the importance of the properties of parallelograms, trapezoids,
and kites in solving real – life problems.

Things to Remember:

To solve problems on parallelograms, trapezoids, and kites, use or apply their properties and

Let’s DoThis !

Solve each problem completely and accurately. Show your solution by applying the
property inside the parenthesis
1. Given: Quadrilateral WISH is a parallelogram.
a. If m / W ?= x + 15 and m / S = 2x + 5, what is m /
W ? ( property on opposite angles)
b. If WI = 3y + 3 and HS = y + 13, how long is HS
? ( property on opposite sides )
2 Given: Quadrilateral POST is an isosceles trapezoid with OS // PT ER is
its median.
a. If OS = 3x – 2 , PT = 2x + 10 and ER = 14, how long is each base?
( property on parallel sides)
b. .If m m
( property on consecutive angles)
1. Given: Quadrilateral LIKE is a kite with ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ and ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅
a. LE is twice LI. If its perimeter is 21 cm, how long is ̅ ̅ ̅ ?
( Property on diagonals)
b. What is its area if one of the diagonals is 4 more than the
other and IE + LK = 16 in

34
 I Can Do This!

A. Given trapezoid ABCD ,̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ; X and Y are midpoints of ̅ ̅ ̅ and ̅ ̅

respectively. D C
1. Find XY if AB = 30 and DC = 18 X YY
2. Find AB if DC = 5 and XY = 8 A B

B.Given ABCD A B
3. If m
4. If DO = 4.5, then DB =
5. If m ? Q D C

C.Find the area of the kite QRST 13cm

T 6cm 6cm R

15cm

Let’s Do More!

Solve the following problems by applying the properties/theorems on

parallelograms, trapezoids, and kites
a. A hectare of land in Amadeo was planted with coffee. Each coffee tree
was allotted 20m2 of land. How many coffee tree were planted on the
said land?

35
36
 b. A square picture frame made up of bamboo sticks has a side of 12.5 in.
Find its perimeter and area.

c. Find the area of a rectangular garden if its perimeter is 32.8 m and

its length is 10. 4 m
d. Find the area of 20 m high trapezoid if the measure of its bases are
16 m and 18 m respectively.
e. The area of a kite is 180 cm2 and the length of the diagonal is 36 cm.
How long is the other diagonal?

Challenge Yourself !

Solve the following problems.

a. In rectangle BCDE, if BC = 16.5 and CD = 4.3, what is the
perimeter of the rectangle?
b. Find the length of a diagonal of a kite whose area is 176 sq. cm
and other diagonal is 16 cm long.
c. Quadrilateral BEST is a parallelogram. If m ( ) and
m ( ) what is m
d. If one of the angles of an isosceles trapezoid is 40, how many
degrees are there in each of the other angles?
e. The lengths of the two sides of a rhombus are 5x – 11 and 2x + 25, find
its perimeter.

37
Topic: Similarity
Lesson 4: Proportion
Learning Competency: Describe proportion

I – OBJECTIVES
a. Describe a proportion
b. Solve for the unknown term in a proportion.
c. Value accumulated knowledge as means of new understanding

II – SUBJECT MATTER
Topic: Similarity
Subtopic: Proportion
References: Learner’s Material for Mathematics 9 pp. 356 – 363
Math Time Grade IX pp. 27 – 31

THINGS TO REMEMBER:

Ratio is used to compare two or more quantities. Quantities involved in ratio are of the s
Proportion is the equality of two ratios.
Fundamental Rule of Proportion

If 𝒘: 𝒙 𝒚: 𝒛, then 𝑤 𝑦 provided that 𝒙 ≠ 𝟎; 𝒛 ≠ 𝟎

𝑥𝑧

Find the missing term in each of the following proportions.

a.

Solution:

38
 b.

Solution:
()

Are the following ratios proportional?

A. Tagaytay City is said to be the little Baguio of the Philippines because

of its cold and fresh air. It is due to many trees planted in the said city.
Do you know that:

B. Determine if the ratios are proportional or not. Write P or NP.

39
 1.
2.
3.
4.

5.

Apply the fundamental law of proportion by finding the missing variable.

Write the answer on the blank before the number.

1. =

2. =
3.
=

4. =

5. =

40
Topic: Similarities
Sub-Topic: Similarities in Right Triangles

OBJECTIVES
Solve problems involving proportions applying the theorems of proportionality.

Things to Remember:

𝑤𝑦
Cross-Multiplication
If, 𝑥𝑧then 𝑤𝑧 𝑥𝑦; 𝑥 ≠ 𝑧 ≠
Property Alternation Property
𝑤𝑦𝑤𝑥
Inverse Property
If, 𝑥𝑧then; 𝑥 ≠ 𝑦𝑦𝑧≠ 𝑧 ≠
𝑥𝑧
If 𝑤𝑥𝑧𝑦 , then; 𝑤
𝑤𝑦 ≠ 𝑥 ≠ 𝑦 ≠
𝑧≠
𝑤𝑦𝑤 𝑥𝑦 𝑧
Addition Property
If, 𝑥𝑧then; 𝑥 ≠ 𝑧 ≠ 𝑥 𝑧
Subtraction Property Sum 𝑤𝑦𝑤
Property
−𝑥𝑦−𝑧
If, 𝑥𝑧then; 𝑥 ≠ 𝑧 ≠ 𝑥 𝑧
𝑢𝑤𝑦𝑢𝑤𝑦𝑢 𝑤 𝑦
If,𝑣𝑥𝑧
then𝑘; 𝑣𝑥𝑧𝑣 𝑥 𝑧
Where 𝑘 is a constant at proportionality and
𝑣≠𝑥≠𝑧≠

Let’s Do This!

a. If e and b represent two non- zero number, find the ratio e : b

if 2e2 + eb – 3b2 = 0.

I Can Do This!

Use the properties of proportion to solve the given problem.

a. If r, s and t represent three positive numbers such that
r : s : t = 4 : 3 : 2 and r2 – s2 – t2 = 27. Find the values of r, s and t.
b. If g : h = 4 : 3, evaluate 4g + h : 8g + h

41
Let’s Do More!

Use the properties of proportion to solve the given problem.

−−
a. If . Find x.

−−
b. Find the value of m if .

Challenge Yourself!

Use the properties of proportion to solve the given problem.

a. If x : y = 7 : 6, find 6x – 5y : 6x + 3y.
b. Evaluate 8a + 4b : 12a + 4b if a : b = 8 : 7

42
Topic: Similarity
Sub-Topic: Fundamental Properties of Proportion

OBJECTIVES
a. Identify the properties of proportion.
b. Describe a proportion.
c. Use the Theorem of proportionality to solve problems involving proportion.

Things to Remember:

Ratio is used to compare two or more quantities. Quantities involved in

ratio are of the same kind so that ratio does not make use of units. However,
when quantities are of different kinds, the comparison of the quantities that
consider the units is called rate.

Proportion is the equality of two ratios.

Fundamental Rule of Proportion

If : : , then provided that ≠ ; ≠

Properties of Proportion

Cross-Multiplication Property If , then ; ≠ ≠

Alternation Property If , then ; ≠ ≠ ≠

Inverse Property If , then ; ≠ ≠ ≠ ≠

Addition Property If , then ; ≠ ≠

−
Subtraction Property If , then − ;≠≠

If , then ;
Sum Property Where is a constant at proportionality and
≠ ≠ ≠

43
 Let’s Do This!

Rewrite the given proportions according to the property indicated in the table
and find out if the ratios in the rewritten proportions are still equal.
a.
Use the cross-multiplication
property to verify that ratios
are equal. Simplify if
necessary. One is done for
you.
Original Proportion
Alternation Property of the
original proportion
Inverse Property of the
original proportion
4y +1 2 = 3a + 12
Addition Property of the
4y + 12 – 12 = 3a + 12 – 12
original proportion 4y = 3a
4y - 12 = 3a - 12
Subtraction Property of the
4y - 12 + 12 = 3a - 12 + 12
original proportion
4y = 3a

b.
Use the cross-multiplication
property to verify that ratios
are equal. Simplify if
necessary. One is done for
you.
Original Proportion 12x = 8y

Alternation Property of the

original proportion
Inverse Property of the
original proportion

Addition Property of the

original proportion

Subtraction Property of the

original proportion

44
 I Can Do This!

Complete each statement.

1. If 5M = 8N, then and .

2. If 6x = 45, then and .

3. If , then .

4. If , then .

−
5. If , then .

Let’s Do More!

Solve the following:

1. Yesterday there were 20 male adults, 177 children and 111 female adults
in the Picnic Grove. What was the ratio of children to male adults?
2. If 3 meters of a pinya cloth cost P200, how much will 9 meters of the same
cloth cost?
3. P2,000 is to be distributed among 3 members of a family in the ratio
5:14:21. How much greater is the largest share than the smallest share?
4. Alden and Maine share P360 in the ratio 4:5. How much does each
receive?
5. A teacher is 160 cm tall, while a boy is 120 cm. What is the ratio of the boy
to that of the teacher?

Challenge Yourself!

Apply the fundamental law of proportion by finding the missing variable. Write
the answer on the blank before the number.
1. =

2. =
3.
=
4. =
5. =

45
Topic: Similarity
Sub-topic: Similarity of Figures
Learning Competency 38: Illustrate Similarity of figures

OBJECTIVES
a. Illustrate similarity of figures
b. Differentiate similar figures from congruent figures
c. Identify similar figures in real – life situations

Things to Remember:

Two or more polygons are similar if their corresponding angles are congruent and corresponding sid

Let’s DoThis !

Apply the conditions on similar polygons. Decide whether the polygons in each
pair are similar. Answer yes, no, or not enough information
Practice 1.

a b.

─ ─

c.

Pracice 2
Tell whether the polygons in each pair are always, sometimes, or
never similar.
a. Two rectangles
b. A regular hexagon and a regul
c. Two squares

46
 I can do this!

Independent Practice
MON MON. Complete the following statements.
a. = ?
Y 14
x
Z 10 X

= O 21
? 12
e
N y M

Let’s Do More!

6. Application
Give the ratio in simplest form. Use the figure below.
a. AD : AE A
b. BD : AD
c. AD : ( AD + DB ) 6 4
d. EC: ( AE + EC ) D E
43
B C

Challenge
Yourself !

A 24
S B
5
F Z T 4

8 W C
Y 9
E 20 X 12
D
47
 Given: Hexagon ABCDEF
a. Find the lengths of the sides of hexagon STWXYZ.
b. Give the ratio of the perimeters of the hexagon

IV – ASSIGNMENT
Given: FADE GLOW

1. F E G L
=
2. If m = 60, name two 60 angles in
GLOW
3. If m 110, then m = A D W O

Study Similarity Theorems

4. What are the similarity theorems?
5. Define AAA, SAS and SSS similarity

theorems Reference: Learner’s Material, pp. 369 –

375

48
Topic: Similarity of Triangles
Sub-Topic: SAS Similarity Theorem and its Proof

OBJECTIVES
a. Show that the two triangles are congruent by SAS Similarity Theorem
b. Prove the condition for similarity of triangles using the SAS theorem
c. Value accumulated knowledge as means of new understanding

Things to Remember:

Side-Angle-Side Similarity Theorem

Two triangles are similar if an angle of one triangle is congruent to an angle of another triangle and

Let’s Do This!

In each pair of given triangles, supply the appropriate condition that makes the
two triangles similar using the SAS similarity theorem. The first one is done for you.

Given: Figure:
A

a. D

b.

c. ABC ~DEC by SAS

Similarity Theorem B C E

Given: Figure:
G

a.
X

b.

c. XYZ ~ GKH by SAS Y Z

Similarity Theorem H K

49
 I Can Do This!

Direction: Write the reasons that are left blank in the proof of SAS Similarity
Theorem. Refer to the hints provided to help you.
Given:
and
E
Prove: ABC ~ DEF
B P
Illustration:

A C D
Proof: Q F
Statements Reasons
1. DP AB 1. Definition of segments

2. 2.

3. ABC DPQ 3. Postulate

4. Congruent triangles are
4. ABC ~ DPQ triangles
5. Triangles similar to the same triangle
5. ABC ~ DEF are

Let’s Do More!
R
X
Given the figure use SAS Similarity Theorem to
prove that:
A

P
Proof:
Hints Statements Reasons
1 Write in a proportion the
ratios of two
corresponding
proportional sides
2 Describe included
angles of the
50
 proportional sides
3 Conclusion based on the
simplified ratios

Challenge Yourself!

Write the statements/reasons that are left blank in the proof of SAS Similarity
Theorem. Refer to the hints provided to help you.

Proof
T Prove: PQR ~ STU
T
Q Proof:
 Construct X on TU X
such that XU = QR
 From X, construct
P R S U
XW parallel to TS
Given: ; intersecting SU at
S W U
W
No. Hints Statements Reasons
1 Which side are parallel By construction
by construction
2 Write the given related to Given
sides
3 Describe angles WXU & Corresponding angles
STU and XWU & TSU are congruent
based on statement 1
4 Are WXU and STU AA Similarity Theorem
similar?
5 Write the equal ratios of Definition of Similar
similar triangles in Polygons
statement 4
6 What can you say about Triangle
triangles PQR and WXU? Congruence Postulate

51
Topic: Similarity of Triangles
Sub-Topic: AA and SSS Similarity Theorem and its Proof

OBJECTIVES
a. Describe AA and SSS Similarity Theorems.
b. Prove the condition for similarity of triangles using the AA and SSS
Similarity theorem
c. Value accumulated knowledge as means of new understanding

Things to Remember:

To prove conditions for similarity of triangles, we may use the following theorems:

AA Similarity Theorem
Two triangles are similar if two angles of one triangle are congruent to two angles of another triangle

SSS Similarity Theorem

Two triangles are similar if the corresponding sides of two triangles are in proportion

Let’s Do This!

Activity
1: A. Use the AA Similarity Theorem in writing an if-then statement
to describe an illustration or in completing a figure based on
an if-then statement.

R
H
O If :

Y
Then: ΔHEY

EP
Given: , ,

52
 Y T
If : ,
Then: ΔBAY ΔTOP
A

B P O

B. Use the SSS Similarity Theorem in writing an if-then statement

to describe an illustration or in completing a figure based on an
if-then statement.

If : If :
==
Then: ΔJOY ΔMAN Then:

Activity 2 : ANSWER MO, SHOW MO

Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Are the given triangles similar?

Yes, they are similar, because they have one set of corresponding angles of equal measure
No, they are not similar.
There is no enough information to tell if they are similar.
Yes, they are similar, because they are triangles.

53
 Which of the following statements describe similar triangle?
Their corresponding angles are equal in measure
Their corresponding sides are proportional
They have the same shape, but may not be the same size.
All of these statements describe similar triangles.

According to the AA Similarity Theorem, two triangles are similar if and

only if they have how many corresponding angles with equal measure?
Two
Four
None
One

4. According to the SSS Similarity Theorem, two triangles are similar if and only if the corresponding s
Congruent
Proportional
not equal
all of the above

I Can Do This!

PERFECT TWO
Determine which two of the three given triangles are similar.

Let’s Do More!

Write the statements or reasons Given: 𝐴𝐵 𝐷𝐶

that are left blank in the proof of AA or
SSS Similarity Theorem. Prove: ΔABE
ΔDCE

54
1.

Statements Reasons
a. Given
b.
c. Corresponding Angles
d. e.
2.
A 𝐴𝑊 = 𝐴𝑇 = 𝑊𝑇
W
Given:
𝐶𝑇𝐶𝐻𝑇𝐻
T H
Prove: ΔATW ΔCHT
C

Statements Reasons
1. Given
2. 3.

Challenge Yourself!

If the triangles are similar, write a similarity statement between each

pair of triangles.

55
Statements Reasons

Statements Reasons

56
Topic: Similarity
Sub-Topic: Right Triangle Similarity and Its Proof

OBJECTIVES
a. Apply properties of similar triangles and proportional theorems to obtain
of a right triangle.
b. Prove the conditions for similarity of right triangles.
c. Appreciate right triangle similarity in real life situation

Things to Remember:

Right Triangle Similarity Theorem (RTST)

If the altitude is drawn to the hypotenuse of a right triangle, then the two triangles formed are similar
Special Properties of Right Triangles
When the altitude is drawn to the hypotenuse of a right triangle,
the length of the altitude is the geometric mean between the segments of
the hypotenuse; and
each leg is the geometric mean between the hypotenuse and the segment of the hypotenuse that is

Let’s Do This!

Complete the table

1. The corresponding sides of the similar triangles.(Refer to the figure
below)

New Larger New Smaller

Original Triangle
Triangle Triangle

Hypotenuse ES

Longer Leg EZ

Shorter Leg SZ

57
Solve for the geometric mean a, b, c

Geometric Means Proportion Answer

Altitude a

Shorter leg s

Longer leg b

I Can Do This!

Write the statements and reasons that are blank in the proof of
Right Triangle Similarity Theorem.

E Given
 MER is a right triangle with angle
 MER as right angle and as the
hypotenuse. EY is an altitude to the
hypotenuse of ΔMER
Prove
M ΔMER  ΔEYR  ΔMYE
Y R
Proof
Statements Reasons
1.1 ΔMER is a right triangle with
angle MER as right angle as the 1.
hypotenuse.
1.2 EY is an altitude to the
hypotenuse of ΔMER

2. EY  2. Definition of altidue
3.  MYE and  EYR are right
angles. 3. Definition of Lines
4.  MYE   EYR   MER 4. Definition of Angles
5.  YME ;
 YRE   ERM 5. Property
6. ΔMYE  ΔMER; ΔMER ~ ΔEYR 6. Similarity Theorem
7. ΔMER  ΔEYR  ΔMYE 7. Property

58
 Let’s Do More!

Answer the following:

1. The school garden of Bulihan NHS is right triangular in shape as shown. From
where his office is, the principal has to walk through the garden to the canteen. How
long is the walk way.

2. Find the missing lengths

b
h 12

y x

Challenge Yourself!

Answer the following;

1. The roof of the Aling Nene’s Food House is to be
built. Suppose AB  AD and AC  BD. If AB =10m
and BC = 8m, how long is BD?

2. Give the indicated proportions. P

A. The altitude of the geometric mean
B. The horizontal leg is a geometric mean
C. The vertical leg is a geometric mean

R
Q

59
Topic: Similarity
Sub-Topic: Special Triangles

OBJECTIVES

a Illustrate special right triangles.

b.Prove the special right triangles
c.Solve problems involving special right triangles.

Things to Remember:

Let’s Do This!

60
 Clues Statements Reasons
1. List down all the Right with measure of
given angle LMK = 60; measure
of angle LKM = 30;
KM = ; LM = ; KL =

2. List down all measure of angle LKN =

constructed angles 30; measure of angle KNL
and segments and = 60;
their measures KN = and LN =

3. Use Angle Addition measure of angle =

Postulate to angle measure of angle LKM +
LKM and angle MKN measure of angle LKN
4. What is measure of measure of angle MKN = Substitution
angle MKN? Simplify.
5. What do you is triangle. Definition of
observe about Equiangular
considering its Triangle
angles?
6. What conclusion is . Equiangular
you make based from Triangle is also
statement 5? equilateral
7. With statement 6, Definition of
what can you say Equilateral
about the sides of ? Triangle
8. Use segment Segment
Addition Postulate for Addition
LN and ML Postulate
9. Replace LN, ML + = 2 =
and MN with their
measurements and
simplify.
10. What is the value *
of ? Property of
Equality
11. Solve for using **
statement 9 Property of
Equality
12. What equation Pythagorean
can you write about ? Theorem
13. Use statement 10 Substitution
in statement 13
14. Simplify the right Power of a
side of statement 13 Product (Law of
Exponent)
15. Solve for Subtraction
Property of

61
 Equality
16. Solve for and *** (Law of
simplify Radicals)
17. Solving for in **** Division Property
statement 16 of Equality and
Rationalization of
Radicals

I Can Do This!

Answer the following:

In an isosceles right triangle with  S as the right angle. Complete the table:

S P
SP PO SO
1. 16 2.
9 3. 4.
11 5. 11

Let’s Do More!

Answer the following problems.

1. The mat used in floor exercise by the Taekwondo
Team of Bulihan NHS for the competition is a square
with a side length of 12 meters. They start at the
corner of the mat and does a kick routine along the
diagonal to the opposite corner. How long is the
player’s path?

2. Bryan is excited to connect his brand new stereo

system to the television set. The directions say that speakers
should be in line with your television 12 feet apart as shown

5
 a. Find the distance between Bryan and the T.V set.
b. Find the distance between Bryan and each speaker

Challenge Yourself!

Find the missing parts of the isosceles right triangle.

A C
1. AT = 13 Find AC and CT
2. AC = 25 Find AT and CT
3. CT = 10 Find AT and AC
4. CT = 30 Find AT and AC
5. CT = 36 Find AT and AC

Find the missing parts of the 30-60-90 triangle on the right.

6. DG = 10 Find GO = OD = G
7. DG = 14 Find GO = OD = 60
8. GO = 8 Find DG = OD =
9. GO = 17 Find DG = OD =
10. OD = Find DG = GO=

30
D O

6
Topic: Similarity
Sub-Topic: Similarities in Right Triangles

OBJECTIVES
a. Determine the property to be used in proving the similarity of two triangles.
b. Apply the Theorems to show the similarity of two triangles.
c. Show patience in proving the similarities of two triangles.

Things to Remember:

To show that two triangles are similar by AAA Similarity Theorem prove that their corresponding ang
To show that two triangles are similar by SAS Similarity Theorem prove that two corresponding side
To show that two triangles are similar by SSS Similarity Theorem prove that the three correspondin

Let’s Do This!

1. Shows that ABC EDF. Based on the following

conditions: / A / E and / C / F.

STATEMENT REASONS
1. / A / E 1. Given
2. / C / F 2. Given
3. m / A + m / C + m/ B = 180 3. The sum of the angles in a
m / E + m / F + m/ D = 180 triangle is 180.
4. m / B = 180 - ( m / A + m / B) 4. Addition Property of Equality
m / D = 180 - ( m / E + m / F) (APE)
5. m / A + m / B = m / E + m / F 5. Algebraic sum of statement # 4
6. m / B = m / D 6. Transitive Property of Equality

6
 (TPE)
7. / B = / D 7. Definition of congruent angles
8. ABC EDF 8. AAA Similarity Theorem

2. Given: ̅
̅
̅ ̅ and ̅ ̅ ̅ bisect each other at O
Prove: MOY ENO

STATEMENT REASON
1. ME and NY bisect each other 1.
at O
2. 2.Definition of line segment bisector
3. 3.Vertical angles are congruent
4. MOY ENO 4.
5. 5.Congruent triangles are also similar

I Can Do This!

- Complete the column below to prove the similarity of the two

triangles.

1. Given: In DEF ̅ ̅ ̅ II ̅ ̅
̅ Prove: DCS DEF

6
6
 STATEMENTS REASONS
1. 1. Given
2. / DCS / DEF 2.
3. 3. Same as reason # 2
4. / D / D 4.
5. DCS DEF 5.

2. Given: ̅ ̅ ̅ II ̅ ̅ ̅
Prove:

STATEMENTS REASONS
1. 1. Given
2. 2. If two II lines are cut by a
transversal then alternate interior
angles are congruent.
3. / B / C 3.
4. / BEA / CED 4.
5. 5. AAA Similarity Theorem
6.
6.

Let’s Do More!

Given: ̅ ̅ ̅
̅
⊥
/ N / MRP ̅
̅ ̅
Prove: PRM PNB

Challenge Yourself!

Given: The figure with =

Prove: PQT SRT

6
Topic: Similarity
Sub-Topic: Pythagorean Theorem and Its Proof

OBJECTIVES

a.Apply the definition of similar triangles to derive the Pythagorean Theorem.

b.Solve problems involving Pythagorean Theorem
c.Appreciate the application of real life situations of Pythagorean Theorem.

Things to Remember:

Pythagorean Theorem

For any right triangle, the sum of the squares of the legs of the triangle is equal to the square of
Basic steps to solve a Pythagorean Theorem problem. Step 1: Write the equation.
Step 2: Substitute the length of the hypotenuse for c and any lengths of the legs for either a or b
Step 3: Solve the equation for the missing side.

6
 Let’s Do This!

A. Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the unknown side of the given right triangle
if two of its sides are given. Note that these lengths are known us Pythagorean
Triples. The last one is done for you.

B.Apply the concepts of similar right triangles to complete the table.

C
Given : ΔABC is a right triangle  ACB as a right angle.
with a
Prove: c2 = a2 + b2 b h

A x D y B
Proof:

Statements Reasons
1. ΔABC is a right triangle with  ACB as 1. Given
a right angle
2. Definition of perpendicular line from a
2. point
3. CD is the altitude of ΔABC 3.

4. 4. Geometric Mean

5. a2 + b2 = x(x+y) + y(x+y) 5.
6. 6.
7. c = x + y 7. Definition of betweeness
8. 8. Substitution
9. a2 + b2 = c2 9.

6
 I Can Do This!

A. Given: Right ∆ABC with B as right angle.

1. If a = 6, c = 8, find b.
2. If a = 21, b = 35, find c.
3. If b = 8, c = 10, find a.

B. Given: Right ΔABC with leg lengths a and b, and hypotenuse length c.
Prove: c2 = a2 +b2

Statements Reasons
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Let’s Do More!

6
Analyze and answer the given problem.

1. In preparing for a competition, Mark who is

168 cm tall, finds that longest string he can use to
maintain his kite flying is 10m. The kite is right
above his friend Kiko, who is six meters away
from him. How high is the kite?

Challenge Yourself!

Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find x in each triangle.

Answer the following. Show the complete solution.

1. If the diagonal of the square is 18 cm, how long is a side?
2. How high up the wall will a 7 m ladder touch if the foot of the ladder is placed 2 m
from the wall?

6
3. Maria needed to reach a window that was 3m above ground level. When she
placed a ladder so that it reached the bottom of the window, the base of the ladder
was 1.8 m from the house. How long was the ladder?

6
Topic: Similarities
Sub-Topic: Similarities in Right Triangles

OBJECTIVES
a. Solve problems involving similarities of two triangles.
b. Apply knowledge and skills related to similar triangles to word problems.
c. Show patience in solving the similarities of two triangles.

Things to Remember:

A. Procedures in solving word problems involving similarity:

Assign variables in triangles.
Determine whether the triangles are similar.
Write the proportional segments.
Substitute the value.
Apply the property of proportion.
Apply multiplicative inverse.

B. How can you use the similarities in triangle in solving word problem?

Let’s Do This!

1 Light ray are reflected from a mirror at an angle congruent to that at

which they strike it. Anton placed a mirror flat on the ground and stood
where they could see the top of the tree in the mirror. If Anton’s
eyes were 170 cm above ground level, and the mirror was 80 cm from
the man and 12 meters from the foot of the tree, how tall is the tree?

7
I Can Do This!

Joy would like to know how tall the Maliksi building of Malabag
National High School is. In order to do this, she holds a book
between her eyes so that the top and bottom of the building are in
line with the edges of the book. If Joy is 150 cm tall and standing
600 cm from the school building, how high is the school building?

Let’s Do More!

Your classmate is 5 ft. tall and casts a shadow of 4 ft. at the

same time that the flagpole casts a 12 ft. shadow, what is the height of
the flagpole?

5 ft

4 ft

Challenge Yourself!

A B

D E