Infrastructure Development

Program in the Philippines:

Looking back at the
experiences of President
Benigno Aquino III and
Rodrigo Roa Duterte

Genuine M. Uko -Discussant

711 Seminar on the Administration of
Economic Development
Aquino Administration

TERM 2010-2016
Philippine Star one News July 5, 2021
Projects implemented during Aquino’s
term were:

 Automatic Fare Collection System (P1.

72 billion)

 Daang Hari-SLEX Link Road (P2.01

billion)

 PPP for School Infrastructure Phase

2 (P3.86 billion)
 Integrated Transport System (P5.08
billion)
Modernization of Philippine Orthopedic
Center (P5.69 billion)
 PPP School Infrastructure Phase 1
(P16.28 billion) and
 Ninoy Aquino International Airport
Expressway (P15.52 billion).
Continuation…

 Automatic Fare Collection System (P1.

72 billion)
 Daang Hari-SLEX Link Road (P2.01
billion)
PPP for School Infrastructure Phase 2
(P3.86 billion)
Public-Private Partnership Center
Aquino signed EO No. 8 renaming
“Reorganizing and Renaming the Build-
Operate-and-Transfer (BOT) Center, signed by
the previous president Gloria Macapagal-
Arroyo, to the Public-Private Partnership
(PPP) Center of the Philippines.

The Aquino administration launched PPP to

create feasible infrastructure that would help
the country’s goal of achieving sustainable
and inclusive economic growth.
Continuation…

 Department of Transportation and

Communication (DOTC) projects
(LRT, Line 2 Extension, LRT Line 1
Cavite Extension, MRT Line 7, and the
Commuter Line to Clark)
Continuation…

 Department of Public Works and

Highways (DPWH) projects:
(Caraga Brodge in Davao Oriental,
Gapas-Abucay-Morong Road in Bataan,
and the Integrated Transport System
Harbor Link Segment 10 in Manila
Continuation…

 Philippine Rural Development

Project. The PRDP is a World Bank
assisted program aimed to address
poverty in rural areas. (Construction
of rehabilitation of roads, bridges and
other rural infrastructures to improve
access to markets and basic services.
 INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAMS
Project title Project description Status
School Building  The project will Completed. 652
Project for Basic involve classrooms
Education upgrading/improveme were
nt, road asset constructed in
preservation and 152 sites in
preventive Region III and
maintenance and IV-A complete
institutional capacity with furniture
development. and toilets.
 (Department of
Education )
 INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAMS
Project title Project description Status
Road Improvement and The Project involves: (a)
Institutional improvement/reconstruction
Development Project of 11 road sections (10 contract
(formerly Road Sector packages) along nine national
Institutional roads with a total length of
Development and about 339.804 km under the
Investment Program) Asset Preservation (AP)
component; (b) conduct of
Detailed Engineering Designs
(DED) for AP and Road
rehabilitation/improvement
(RI) of 14 road sections; and,
(c) Institutional Capacity
Development (ICD) in support
of DPWH’s mandate and
development objectives.
 INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAMS
Project title Project Description Status
Bridge  The Umiray Bridge Completed.
Construction project involves the The project
Project for construction of a 358 was
lineal meter (lm) bridge completed
Expanded
that will cross the last
Agrarian Reform Umiray River along the November
Communities boundaries of Barangay 2013, and
Development Umiray, Dingalan in opened to the
Umiray Bridge Aurora Province and public in
Barangay Umiray, December
General Nakar in Quezon 2013.
Province.
 INFRASTURCTURE PROGRAMS
Project title Project Description Status
Road  The Project involves: (a) Under
Improvement and improvement/reconstruct implementat
Institutional ion of 11 road sections (10 ion.
contract packages) along
Development
nine national roads with a
Project (formerly total length of about
Road Sector 339.804 km under the
Institutional Asset Preservation (AP)
Development and component;
Investment
Program)
 INFRASTURCTURE PROGRAMS
Project title Project Description Status
Road Improvement  (b) conduct of Detailed Under
and Institutional Engineering Designs implementa
Development (DED) for AP and Road tion
rehabilitation/improve
Project (formerly
ment (RI) of 14 road
Road Sector sections; and, (c)
Institutional Institutional Capacity
Development and Development (ICD) in
Investment support of DPWH’s
Program) mandate and
development
objectives.
 INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAMS
Project title Project Description Status
Proposed Change in  The project is Completed.
Scope of the Post- composed of two
Ondoy and Pepeng components: -
Rehabilitation of Flood
Short-Term
Control Facilities. For
Infrastructure the flood control,
Rehabilitation repair works consist of
Project (POPSTIRP) restoration of
embankments, slope
protectio, bank
protection, and other
drainage facilities; and
-Rehabilitation of
National Roads and
Bridges.
 INFRASTURCTURE PROGRAMS
Project title Project Description Status
Arterial Road  The Plaridel Bypass is Under
Bypass Project 24.61 km in length Implementa
(Plaridel Bypass (14.65 km under the tion
completed Phase I that
Road), Phase I
used a separate loan,
and 9.96 km under
Phase II). The ARBP II
involves Contract
Packages III and IV of
the Plaridel Bypass
Road (BustosSan
Rafael, Bulacan).
 INFRASTURCTURE PROGRAMS
Project title Project Description Status
Metro Manila Priority  Involves the replacement Under
Bridges Seismic of Lambingan Bridge and Implementa
Improvement Project Guadalupe Bridge tion
Central Luzon Link  The project involves the Under
Expressway (CLLex) construction of a 30.7 km Implementa
Phase I four-lane expressway tion
from Tarlac City to
Cabanatuan City. The
project will be
implemented in two
phases: (i) Tarlac City to
Cabanatuan City section;
and (ii) Cabanatuan City
to San Jose City section.
 INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAMS
Project title Project Description Status
Davao City Bypass  The proposed Davao Under
Construction City Bypass Project is Implementa
Project divided into three tion
sections, namely:
South, Center and
North sections. It has a
total length of 44.58
kilometers which is
composed of a road
section of 37.17 kms; a
tunnel section of 2.28
kms; and bridge
sections with 5.13 kms.
 INFRASTURCTURE PROGRAMS
Project title Project Description Status
Samar Pacific  The project involves Under
Coastal Road the improvement of Implementa
(Resubmission Due the 27.75 km. unpaved tion
section of the 109.30
to Change in Cost
km Samar Pacific
and Scope of Coastal Road, and the
Works) construction of the
following three (3)
bridges: a) Simora
Bridge (140 lm); b)
Jangtud Bridge (30 lm)
and c) Pinaculan
Bridge (50 lm).
 INFRASTURCTURE PROGRAMS
Project title Project description Status
Daang Hari SLEX  The project involves Completed.
Link Road Projec the construction of a
four-kilometer, four-
lane Portland Cement
Concrete Pavement
(PCCP) toll road
connecting Daang Hari
in Bacoor, Cavite to
SLEC near the Susana
Heights Interchange,
and passing through
the New Bilibid Prison
(NBP) Reservation
 INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAMS
Project title Project description Status
Daang Hari SLEX  The project involves Completed.
Link Road Projec the construction of a
four-kilometer, four-
lane Portland Cement
Concrete Pavement
(PCCP) toll road
connecting Daang Hari
in Bacoor, Cavite to
SLEC near the Susana
Heights Interchange,
and passing through
the New Bilibid Prison
(NBP) Reservation
Budget Allocation and Expenditure
 Based on the expenditure allocation of the
Aquino budget from 2011 to 2016 (and 2017)
(see Table VII.2), Social Services such as
education, health, social welfare and
employment, among others, continue to get
the biggest share of the national budget.
 The economic services sector follows next to
fund major services in agriculture and
agrarian reform, communications, roads, and
other transport.
 The rest of the budget pie goes to debt
burden, general public services and defense
(Figure VII.2).
Economy
Promise: Part of Aquino’s social
contract was improving the economy
and promoting inclusive growth.
Delivery: The gross domestic product
(GDP) of the Philippines grew at an
average of above 6% annual growth
rate under Aquino, with the country
pivoting from being the “sick man of
Asia” to “Asia’s next Tiger economy.”
INVESTMENT GRADE STATUS

22 positive
major rating
International
credit rating
agencies.
NEDA Secretary Karl Chua, who was then a Senior
Economist at the World Bank, said in 2016 that
the Aquino administration had effectively lowered
the interest rates to 4% from about 12% a decade
before.

12%

4%
DUTERTE ADMINISTRATION
TERM 2017-2022
President Rodrigo Duterte’s administration has made tackling
the country’s infrastructure deficit a major priority. The fourth
item on the President’s 10-point Socio-Economic Agenda calls
for boosting annual infrastructure spending to account for 5%
of GDP, “with Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) playing a key
role”.
SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT GOALS
 Focuses on Industry,
Innovation and
Infrastructure
 Promote sustainable
industrialization
 Increase access to
technology and
innovation and
improve
infrastructure for all.

Item # 4 Develop Sustainable and

resilient infrastructure, including
transport systems and energy
10 Point Agenda of Duterte

Continuity and Acceleration of

Infrastructure Development
(Government aimed to invest heavily in
infrastructure projects such as roads, bridges,
airports and railways, to promote economic
growth and connectivity)
Duterte shepherded the “Golden
Age of Infrastructure” of the
Philippines through his “Build
Build Build (BBB) Program" by
building railways, trains,
subway, highways, roads, new
ports, airports, bridges, and
even building classrooms for
students.
 Inaugurated new highways, roads and
skyways.
 Bought new trains.
 Some of the important rail
infrastructure projects include the
Common Station, MRT-3 Rehabilitation,
MRT-7, Metro Manila Subway, LRT-1
Cavite Extension Project, LRT-2 West
Extension, Subic-Clark Cargo Railway,
the massive North-South Commuter
Railway (NSCR) Project, and the
Mindanao Railway.
Kalayaan Bridge, which is part
of the BGC-Ortigas Center Link
Project, reducing the usual one
hour travel time between the
two business districts to just 12
minutes.
Other completed projects were the
Poro Point Freeport Zone Road in La
Union, and the Junction Lanao-
Pagadian-Zamboanga City Road.
Projects under construction include
the Sorsogon City Coastal By-Pass
Road to be completed by the end of
2021 and the Davao City Coastal Road,
which will be completed by 2023.
Central Business Portal elevated the
country’s global standing in doing
business and improve its
competitiveness.
Business portal as a single site for
all business-related transactions
such as securing business permits,
licenses, and clearances. (PND)
Through partnership with private
sector, the Duterte government was
able to open Stage 3 of the Metro
Manila Skyway, decongesting EDSA
and other major roads in Metro
Manila.
 Take aways:
 The journey towards stable and sustainable
growth and prosperity that leaves no one
behind is long, winding, and challenging.
 The Aquino administration has done its
tasks to bring us somewhere near that
ideal, to the best of its ability, anchored on
a more transparent, participatory and
accountable government.
 It hoped that good governance could
translate into good economics where
growth is stable, sustained and inclusive.
 Take aways:
 It expanded social services but at the end of its
term, poverty incidence remained at 21.6%, still
notches behind the target of 17%.
 It made strides in peace building and climate
change policy and program planning.
 However, problems in service delivery and
implementation of government programs, as
well as political hurdles, undermined these
gains.
 Nevertheless, the fundamental framework for
sound governing and governance has been laid
out or enhanced from previous administrations.
Infrastructure development plays a
vital role in the success of our
economy.
Serve as key impetus and facilitators
to balanced development
Diffuse economic activities and
development from the urban centers
of the country to rural areas.
More infrastructure
projects will lead to
inclusive growth and greater
productivity and progress, which
can be achieved through
improved mobility, including
efficient access to goods and
services.
"If your actions inspire others to
dream more, learn more, do more
and become more, you are a
leader.“
John Quincy Adams
References:
Albert, J.R.G. (2014, December 3). The costs and benefits
of Pantawid Pamilya. Rappler.com. Retrieved from
https://www.rappler.com/thoughtleaders/76723-costs-
benefits-pantawid-pamilya Albert, J.R.G.

Quimba, F., & Ramos, A.P. (2011, August). Why are some
Filipino children not in school? PIDS Policy Notes, 2011-
66. Makati City, Philippines: Philippine Institute for
Development Studies. Retrieved from
https://dirp4.pids.gov.ph/ris/pn/pidspn1116.pdf

Amer, R., & Zou, K. (Eds.). (2011). Conflict management

and dispute settlement in East Asia. Oxford, United
Kingdom: Routledge.