Amalgam 7.

Element responsible for elimination fo Gamma

2 phase:
1. Give reasons: To obtain better amalgam filling a. Zn
properties, the minimum mercury amount should
b. Ag
be used during mixing
c. Cu
a. To decrease setting expansion
d. Sn
b. decrease stiffness
c. decrease creep 8. High copper amalgam is characterized by
d. decrease gamma 2 phase elimination of
e. decrease corrosion resistance a. Ag3Sn (gamma phase)
f. decrease gamma phase b. Sn8Hg (gamma2)
c. Cu6Sn5 (eta phase)
2. What does the gamma-1 phase (Ag2Hg3) in
d. Ag2Hg3 (gamma 1)
dental amalgam represent
a. Most corrodible phase 9. High copper amalgam is stronger than low
b. Highest creep value copper amalgam due to
c. Main matrix phase a. Elimination of gamma 1
d. Strongest phase b. Presence of eta phase
c. Elimination of gamma 2
3. The element of dental amalgam composition
d. Absence of zinc
that increases creep is:
a. Silver 10. The element of dental amalgam composition
b. Zinc that increases creep is:
c. Tin a. Zinc
d. Copper b. Silver
c. Copper
4. Corrosion of dental amalgam can be minimized
d. Tin
by:
a. Addition of tin to the alloy 11. Tin cannot be eliminated from dental
b. Use of conventional amalgam amalgam alloy because it:
c. Finishing and polishing of amalgam a. decreases creep
d. Delayed condensation b. increases corrosion resistance
c. decreases reativity with Hg and help
5. Copper is added during manufacturing to act as:
amalgamation
a. Scavenger
d. Increases reactivity with Hg and increase
b. Strengthening agent
amalgamation
c. Nucleating agent
d. Whitening agent 12. Self sealability of dental amalgam is related to
a. corrosion behavior
6. Dental amalgam can be used as:
b. Brittleness
a. Inlay restoration
c. viscoelastic property
b. Luting material
d. ability to bond chemically to tooth
c. Core buildup
d. Onlay restoration 13. Why is the use of preproportioned capsules
preferred?
a. increases trituration time
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b. increases exposure to mercury a. Decreases the strength.
c. increases Hg/powder ratio b. Increases the creep.
d. reduces Hg/powder ratio c. Increases the setting expansion.
d. a &b.
14. How Is bonding between dental amalgam and e. All of the above.
the tooth achieved
a. Mismatching in coefficient of thermal expansion 21. the use of preporportioned dental amalgam
b. chemical bonding and mechanical interlocking capsules resulted in
c. chemical bonding a. minimal exposure to Hg
d. mechanical interlocking b. reduced Hg/powder ratio
c. longer trituation time
15. The use of excess mercury will d. all of the above
a. increase strength e. a & b
b. increase corrosion
c. decrease setting expansion 22. compared to composite , dental amalgam is
d. decrease creep a. more technique sensitive
b). more irritant
16. Eta phase could not be found after setting in c. more wear resistant
the microstructure of d. none of the above
a. high copper admixed
b. zinc containing unicompositional 23. the strongest and least corrodible phase in
c. low copper dental amalgam admixed high copper amalgam is
d. high copper unicompositional a. Ag3Sn
b. Ag2Hg3
17. Zinc is added during the manufacturing of c. Sn6Hg8
dental amalgam alloy to act as: d. Cu3Sn
a. Nucleating agent.
b. Scavenger. 24. corrosion of dental amalgam is minimized by
c. Setting retarder.
a. use high copper amalgam
d. None of the above.
b. finishing of amalgam
18. Dental amalgam can be used for all of the c. proper condensation
following clinical applications except: d. all of the above
a. Core for full crowns.
b. Posterior direct restoration. 24. decrease the amoung of Hg result in
c. Anterior direct restoration. a. increase settting expansion
d. Retrograde filling material in endodontics. b. decrease strength
c. decrease creep
19. All of the following elements of dental
d. none of the above
amalgam decrease the creep except:
a. Silver. 25. gamma 2 phase couldn’t be found within the
b. Copper. first 24 hours after setting in the microstructure of
c. Tin. a. low copper amalgam
d. Zinc. b. high copper admixed amalgam
20. The presence of excess mercury in the c. high copper unicompositional amalgam
amalgam mix: d. all of the above

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26. dental amalgam is used for all of the following a. smooth surface restoration
except b. high strength restoration
a. core for full crown c. low strength restoration
b. direct posterior restoration d. high marginal sealing
c. indirect posterior restoration
33. Homogenization and stress relief (aging)
d. cusp build up
processes are important for the production of
27. the most corrodible phase in admixed high spherical amalgam alloy particles
copper amalgam is a. True
a. Ag3Sn b. False
b. Ag2Hg3
33. Non zinc containing amalgam could be used as
c. Sn8Hg
a filling for children
d. Cu3Sn
a. true
28. Admixed amalgam alloy should be shaked well b. false
before use:
a. to remove oxide layer on particles 34. Give reason: unavoidable creep that occurs in
b. to allow for even distribution of particles dental amalgam
c. to allow proper wetting with Hg a. due to its viscoelastic nature
d. to allow aging of the lathe cut particles b. due to presence of silver
c. in zinc containing amalgam
29. Zinc containing amalgam if used without good d. low corrosion resistance
moisture isolation may lead to the following
35. Type of dental amalgam powder that need
except
both homogenization and annealing is:
a. alkaline taste
a. spherical
b. delayed expansion
b. spheroidal
c. postoperative pain
c. lathe cute
d. blistering of the surface
d. both lathe and spherical
30. which amalgam particle type and size is
36. amalgamation reaction refers to:
preferred for better properties
a. chemical reaction between amalgam alloy and
a. lathe cut and coarse cut
mercury
b. spherical and coarse cut
b. oxidation of dental amalgam powder during
c. lathe cut and fine size
storage
d. spherical and fine size
c. elimination of gamma 2 in conventional amalgam
31. the most reactive element with Hg in amalgam d. melting of dental amalgam alloy elements
is: together
a. Ag
37. the most corrodible phase is:
b. Sn
a. n phase
c. Cu
b. silver tin phase
d. Zn
c. silver mercury phase
32. Delayed condensation of dental amalgam d. tin mercury phase
results in:
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38. delayed expansion of zinc containing amalgam
is due to
a. formation of more oxygen gas
b. formation of more gamma 2
c. formation of more gamma 1
d. formation of more hydrogen gas
39. how can creep be decreased:
a. delayed condensation
b. placing a stiff base under amalgam
c. using low copper amalgam
d. using low Hg/alloy ratio