Chapter 15: Rectilinear motion

(U.R.M)

Experiment 15.1, Page 168.

Characteristics of U.R.M:

Uniform:

Rectilinear: trjectory is a straight line.

 v = constant ≠ 0 a=0

Example: Two cars A and B. A is moving at a speed vA = 12 m/s, and starts from O.

B is moving at a speed vB = 10 m/s, and starts from a point 6m from O.

Time equation:

Car A: xA = vA × t + x0 = 12 × t
0

Car B: xB = vB × t + x0 = 10 × t + 6

t X1 X2
2
3
4
Graphical Representation:

x x

x=v×t + x0 x=v×t

x0≠0 x0=0

x0

t t

v a

v = constant

a=0

t t
Experiment 15.2, Page 170.

.
Characteristics of U.A.R.M:

Uniform:

Accelerated:

Rectilinear: trjectory is a straight line.

 a = constant ≠ 0
v  v0
At any instant t: vav = a0,t =
t  t0
0
v  v0
a=
t

v – v0 = a × t

v = a × t + v0

Object starting from rest:

If v0 = 0 => v = a × t .

v/t = a => v = a × t
X = ½ at2 + v0t + x0
= a => x = ½ a t2
 Graphical Representation:

U.A.R.M: a > 0, v U.D.R.M: a< 0, v

x x0≠0 x x0≠0
2
x= ½ at +v0t + x0
x0=0
x0=0
x0 x0

t t

v v
v = a × t + v0
v0 ≠0 v0
v0 ≠0
v0
v0=0
t t

a a
a>0
a = constant
t
a<0
 Graphical Representation:

U.A.R.M: a > 0, v U.D.R.M: a< 0, v

x x
2
x= ½ at +v0t + x0

x0 x0≠0 x0

t t

x x

x0=0

t t

v v
v = a × t + v0
v0

v0 v0 ≠0
t t

v0=0
v=a×t

a a

a>0 a = constant
t

a<0
Uniform Rectilinear Motion
(U.R.M)
a=0

Horizontal
axis
v = constant ≠ 0

Horizontal Line
x = vt + x0

Straight Line