Physics Kinematics(Inclined Projectile)

KINEMATICS-2D
f) Range of projectile (OA)
PROJECTILE MOTION ON v 20
INCLINED PLANE R= sin  2θ - α  - sinα  . (or)
gcos2α 
Motion of a Projected Body on an
inclined plane : 2v02sin  θ - α  cosθ
 A body is projected up the inclined plane from R=
gcos 2 α
the point O with an initial velocity v0 at an angle

 with horizontal. x For maximum range  2    
v0 2
x
A v 20 1- sinα 
 R max =
gcos 2 α
 g) T 2 g  2 R max

horizontal range (OB)
O B
x' x  R cos 
y' Down the plane : Here, x and y-directions are
x down the plane and perpendicular to plane
y respectively
g sin  y
g cos
u x
 
O g  g sin
B
x 1  
1 g g cos
y  
O
a) Acceleration along x  axis , a x = -gsin α u x  u cos(   ), ax  g sin 
b) Acceleration along y  axis , a y = - g c o s α u y  u sin(   ), a y   g cos 
c) Component of velocity along x  axis
Proceeding in the similar manner , we get the
u x = v0cos  θ - α  following results
d) Component of velocity along y  axis
2u sin(   )
T ,
u y = v0sin  θ -α  g cos 
2v0sin  θ - α  u2
R sin  2     sin  
e) Time of flight T =
gcosα g cos 2  

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 Kinematics(Inclined Projectile) Physics

W.E -1: A particle is projected horizontally with  Relative motion between projectiles: The
a speed “u” from the top of plane inclined path of projectile as seen from another
projectile
at an angle “  ” with the horizontal. How
Suppose two bodies A and B are projected
far from the point of projection will the simultaneously from the same point with initial
particle strike the plane ? velocities u1 and u2 at angles 1 and 2 with
u
horizontal.
 The instantaneous positions of the two bodies
are given by
y 1 2
Body A : x1  u1 cos 1t , y1  u1 sin 1t  gt
R 2
Body B :
 1 2
x x2  u2 cos  2t , y2  u2 sin  2t  gt
x 2

R  x2  y 2
y  x   u1 cos 1  u2 cos  2  t
  tan  
x 
y   u1 sin 1  u2 sin  2  t

2 y u1 sin 1  u2 sin  2
 x 2   x tan    x 1  tan 2   x sec  slope = x  u cos   u cos 
1 1 2 2

1 2 y 1 gt 2 i) If u1 sin 1  u 2 sin  2 ( initial vertical

x  ut ; y gt ; 
2 x 2 ut y
components) then slope 0
gt 2u x
tan   ; t tan 
2u g y
2u 2 2u 2
x  ut tan  ;  R  tan  sec 
g g
W.E 2: A projectile has the maximum range of
500m. If the projectile is now thrown up x
The path is a horizontal straight line
on an inclined plane of 300 with the same
ii) If u1 cos 1  u 2 cos  2 ( initial horizontal
speed , what is the distance covered by it
along the inclined plane? components)
Then slope
u2 y
Sol: R max =
g

y
u2 
 500 = or u = 500g x
g
x
v 2 - u 2 = 2 as
The path is a vertical straight line.
0 - 500g = 2×  -gsin300  x  For a projectile, w.r.t stationary frame path (or)
x = 500m. trajectory is a parabola.

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 Path of projectile w.r.t frame of another
projectile is a straight line
Acceleration of a projectile relative to another

projectile is zero
When an object is dropped from an aeroplane

moving horizontally with constant velocity
a) Path of the object relative to the earth is
parabola
b) Path of the object relative to pilot is a straight
line vertically down.
W.E -3: A boy aims a gun at a bird from a point,
at a horizontal distance of 100m. If the gun
can impart a velocity of 500m/sec to the
bullet, at what height above the bird must
he aim his gun in order to hit it?
Sol : x = vt or 100 = 500× t ; t  0.2sec.
1 2
Now h  0   10   0.2  = 0.20m = 20cm.
2 a) The initial velocity V0 of the body thrown
W.E - 4:An enemy plane is flying horizontally at
an altitude of 2 km with a speed of 300
ms-1. An army man with an anti - aircraft
gun on the ground sights enemy plane
when it is directly overhead and fires a
shell with a muzzle speed of 600ms-1. At
what angle with the vertical should the
gun be fired so as to hit the plane?
The shell will hit the plane, if the horizontal
distance EP travelled by the plane in time t =
the distance travelled by the shell in the horizontal
direction in the same time, i.e.
u × t = v x × t or u = v x  u = v0 cosθ
u 300
or cosθ = = = 0.5 or   600
v0 600
Therefore, angle wit h the vertical
 900    300.
WE- 5: From points A and B, at the respective
heights of 2m and 6m, two bodies are
thrown simultaneously towards each other,
one is thrown horizontally with a velocity
of 8m/s and the other, downward at an
angle 450 to the horizontal at an initial
velocity v0 such that the bodies collide in
flight. The horizontal distance between
points A and B equal to 8m . Then find
at an angle 450
b) The time of flight t of the bodies before
colliding
c) The coordinate (x,y) of the point of
collision (consider the bottom of the
tower A as origin) is
B
450

V
4m
0

Sol. Let G be the position of the gun and E that of the

A
enemy plane flying horizontally with speed.
Sol : 2m 2m
E P
u
8m
v0 a) From diagram
vy 4 1
tan    tan   .................(1)
8 2
 ˆ v = -v cos450 ˆi - v sin450 ˆj
v A = 8i, B 0 0
0
(90 -)
  v  v
v BA =  - 0 - 8  i - 0 j
 Ground  2  2

G Direction of vBA
vx
-1
u = 300ms , when the shell is fired with a speed v0 2
tanθ =
v0 , vx  v0 cos  2 v0 + 8 2 .................(2)
 
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 Kinematics(Inclined Projectile) Physics
From eq (1) and eq (2) 4. A bomb is dropped from an aeroplane flying
2v0 = v0 + 8 2 , v0 = 11.28m / s horizontally with uniform speed. The path
of the bomb is
A) a vertical straight line for a stationary observer
  v0  v
b) v BA =  - - 8  iˆ - 0 ˆj on the ground
 2  2
B) a parabola for the pilot of the aeroplane

v0 = 8 2 Þ v BA = -16iˆ - 8jˆ
C) a vertical straight line for the pilot and

| v BA | t = SBA parabola for a stationary observer on the
ground
  16 
2
  8 
2
t  82  42
D) a horizontal straight line for the pilot and
80 1 parabola for a stationary observer on the
t   t  0.5s ground
320 4
5. A and B are two trains moving parallel to
c) x = v x t =  8 0.5  = 4
each other. If a ball is thrown vertically up
1 2 1 1 from the train A, the path of the ball is
y' = gt = ×10× = 1.25
2 2 4 A) parabola for an observer standing on the
y = 2 - y' = 0.75 ground
B) vertical straight line for an observer in B when
B is moving with the same speed in the same
1. The path of one projectile as seen from direction of A
another projectile is a ( if horizontal
components of velocities are equal ) C) a parabola for an observer in B when B is
moving with same speed but in opposite
A) straight line B) parabola
direction
C) hyperbola D) circle
D) all the above are true
2. The acceleration of a projectile relative to
6.. A ball is thrown from rear end to the front
another projectile is
end of a compartment of a train which is
A) -g B) g C) 2g D) 0 moving at constant horizontal velocity. An
3. A stone is just dropped from the window of a observer sitting in the compartment and
train moving along a horizontal straight track another observer standing on the ground
with uniform speed. The path of the stone is draw the trajectory of the ball. They will have

A) a parabola for an observer standing by the A) equal horizontal and equal vertical ranges
side of the track B) equal vertical ranges but different horizontal
B) a horizontal straight line for an observer inside ranges
the train C) different vertical ranges but equal horizontal
ranges
C) both (A)&(B) are true
D) different vertical and different horizontal
D) (A) is true but (B) is false
ranges

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 Physics Kinematics(Inclined Projectile)
7. The initial velocity of the particle along the 11. The acceleration of the particle perpendicular to
plane is________m/s. the incline plane is_______(S.I units)

A) 5 B) 5 3
A) 5 B) 5 3 C) 10 D) 10 3 C) 10 D) None of these
8. The initial horizontal velocity of the 12. The initial vertical component of velocity of the
particle_______m/s. particle is_____m/s.

A) 5 B) 5 3 C) 10 D) None
A) 8 B) 6 C) 4 D) 2
13. The initial velocity parallel to the incline plane
9. The initial velocity perpendicular to the in- is________m/s.
clined plane is_______m/s.
v = 3m / s

30º

A) 1.5 B) 3 C) 2 3 D) 3 /2
14. The velocity with which the particle hits the plane
A) 6 B) 8 C) 10 D) None
normally is_______m/s.
10. The acceleration of the particle along the
inclined plane is_____( S.I unints)

A) 5 B) 5 3 C) 10 D) 10 3
A) 5 B) 5 3 C) 10 D) None

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 Kinematics(Inclined Projectile) Physics
15. The time of flight (in seconds) in the given 18. In the given problem, the range along the
problem is inclined plane will be maximum when  is equal
to

2 4    
A) B) 3 C) D) None A)  B) 
3 3 4 6 2 6
16. The range (in metres) on the inclined plane in 
the given problem is_____ C) D) None of these
6
19. In the given problem, the range along the
inclined plane will be maximum when  is
equal to

20 30 40
A) B) C) D) None
3 3 3
17. The maximum distance (in meters) of the
particle perpendicular to the plane in the given    
A)  B) 
4 6 2 2
problem is_______  g  10m /s 2 

C)  D) None of these
4
20. Time taken by the projectile to reach from A
to B is t. Then the distance AB is equal to

18 16
A) B)
5 3 5 3

14 ut 3ut
C) D) None of these A) B) C) 3ut D) 2u
5 3 3 2

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 Physics Kinematics(Inclined Projectile)
21. A shell is fired from a gun from the bottom of a
hill along its slope. The slope of the hill is
  300 , and the angle of the barrel to the
horizontal   600 . The initial velocity v of the
shell is 21 m/sec. Then distance of point from
the gun at which shell will fall  g  9.8m / s 2 
A) 10m B) 20m
A) = 1 B) >1
C) 30m D) 40m
C) < 1 D) Cannot be determined
22. The maximum range of rifle bullet on the
horizontal ground is 6km its maximum range on 26. Given in a diagram OC  CA . And C is the
an inclined of 300 will be mid point of the projectile OCA. The time
taken to cover OC is T1 and the time taken to
A) 1km B) 2km
cover CA is T2 , then the ratio T1 T2 is
C) 4km D) 6km
23. A particle is projected from the bottom of an
inclined plane of inclination 300. At what angle
 (from the horizontal) should the particle be
projected to get the maximum range on the
inclined plane.
A) 600 B) 450
C) 300 D) None of these A) = 1 B) >1
24. The maximum range of the projectile along the C) < 1 D) cannot be determined
inclined plane for the given problem is given as EXERCISE-I KEY
1) A 2) D 3) C 4) C
5) 4 6) 2 7) B 8) A
9) A 10) A 11) B 12) A
13) A 14)A 15) A 16) D
17) A 18) C 19) A 20) A
21) C 22) C 23) A 24) B
u2 u2
A) g 1  sin  B) g 1  sin  25) A 26) C
    HINTS & SOLUTIONS
u2 1. The path of one projectile as seen from another
C) g 1  cos  D) None projectile is a straight line
 
2. The acceleration of a projectile relative to an-
25. Given in the diagram OB  BA . The time other projectile is 0
taken to cover OB is T1 and the time taken to 9) A stone is just dropped from the window of a
cover BA is T2 then the ratio T1 T2 is train moving along a horizontal straight track with
uniform speed. The path of the stone is

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 Kinematics(Inclined Projectile) Physics
a parabola for an observer standing by the side 2
of the track a horizontal straight line for an 16. R  2u sin  cos    
2
observer inside the train g cos 
3. Both A and B
4. A bomb is dropped from an aeroplane flying 17. v 2  u 2  2aH max
horizontally with uniform speed. The path of the v at H max  0
bomb is a vertical straight line for the pilot and
parabola for a stationary observer on the ground v  u sin 37 0
5. A and B are two trains moving parallel to each
other. If a ball is thrown vertically up from the a  g cos 300
train A, the path of the ball is parabola for an
observer standing on the ground, vertical straight 3 9 1
2  10   H  100  
line for an observer in B when B is moving with 2 5 5
the same speed in the same direction of A; a 18
parabola for an observer in B when B is moving H
with same speed but in opposite direction 5 3
6. equal vertical ranges but different horizontal 
ranges 18.  
6
7. u along plane = u
 
0 3 19.  
cos30  10   5 3m / s 4 6
2
8. Initial horizontal velocity = u sin370 ut
20. u cos 600  t  ABcos 300 AB 
3
4
 10  = 8m/sec
5 2 1 1
2   21  
9. u sin 370 = Initial velocity R 2 2
21. 3  R = 30m
3 9.8 
 10   6m / sec 4
5
10. a rel  a sin  u2 u2
22. R max  R max  6km
g 1  sin   g
10
 10  sin 30 0   5m / sec
2 u2 2 u2
0 R max  
11. a  a cos    30 g 1  sin 300  3 g
 10  cos 30 0  5 3m / sec
2
  6  4km Rmax = 4km
1 3
12. u  u sin   10   5m / sec
2
2u 2 sin  cos     
13. Velocity parallel to the Incline is = u sin600 23. R 
g cos 2 
3
 3 = 1.5m/sec  
2    max .range 
4 2
1
14. Velocity = u sin 300 = 10   5m / sec
2 300
0
  45   300
2u sin  2
15. T  g   0  300  300  600

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 Physics Kinematics(Inclined Projectile)
2
u 2. A particle is projected with a certain velocity
24. R max  g 1  sin 
  at an angle α above the horizontal from foot
25. Along vertical Y = 0 of an inclined plane of inclination 30o . If the
1 particle strikes the plane normally then α is
y  uyt  a yt2 equal to
2
1 o 1  1  o 1
 3
0   u sin   t  g cos t 2 A) 30  tan   B) 30  tan  2 
2 2 3  
2u sin  2u sin 
t
g cos 
Time for OA =
g cos 
C) 60o
o 1
D) 30  tan 2 3  
3. A particle is projected at an angle 600 with
Vy  0 At maximum height
speed 10 3 m/s from the point A, as shown
Vy  u y  a y t in the figure. At the same time the wedge is
u sin  u sin  made to move with speed 10 3 m/s towards
t T1 
g cos  g cos  right as shown in the figure. Then the time
after which particle will strike with wedge is
u sin 
T2  T  T T2   T1  T2  1
g cos 
26. Less than 1
10 3m / s
10 3m / s
PROJECTILE MOTION ON
INCLINED PLANE 30 60
1. A particle is projected from an inclined plane A
OP1 from A with velocity v1 =8ms–1 at an 4
A) 2s B) 2 3s C) s D) None of
angle 600 with horizontal. An another particle 3
is projected at the same instant from B with
velocity v2 =16ms–1 and perpendicular to the these
plane OP2 as shown in the figure. After time COLLISIONS BETWEEN PROJECTILES
10 3 sec there separation was minimum and 4. A particle is projected from a point A
found to be 70m. Then find distance AB. withvelocity u 2 at an angle of 45o with
v1 v2 horizontal as shown in figure. It strikes the
P1 plane BC at right angles. The velocity of the
60 particle at the time of collision is
A P2
90
B
45 30
O
A) 250 m B) 500 m
3u u 2u
C) 750 m D) 1000 m A) B) C) D) u
2 2 3

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 Kinematics(Inclined Projectile) Physics
5. A particle is dropped from point P at time 7. Two particles A and B are projected
t = 0. At the same time another particle is simultaneously from the two towers of height
thrown from point O as shown in the figure 10m and 20m respectively. Particle A is
and it collides with the particle P. projected with an initial speed of 10 2m / s
Acceleration due to gravity is along the
at an angle of 450 with horizontal, while
negative y-axis. If the two particles collide
particle B is projected horizontally with speed
2s after they start, find the initial v0 of the 10m/s. If they collide in air, what is the
particle which was projected from O. Point distance d between the towers?
O is not necessarily on ground. 10 m/s B
y 10 2m / s
2m P
45
A 20 m
10 m v0
10 m
 x
O d
A) 10 m B) 20 m C) 30 m D) 40 m
A) 6 m / s ,   tan  1 (1) with X  axis 8. In the figure shown, the two projectiles are
fired simultaneously. The minimum distance
B) 26 m / s ,   tan 1 (5) with X  axis between them during their flight is
C) 2 m / s ,   tan 1 (2) with X  axis 20 3 m / s
1
D) 13m / s ,   tan (4) with X  axis
20 m/s
6. Shots are fired simultaneously from the top
and bottom of a vertical cliff at angles  and
60 30
 and they strike an object simultaneously
20 3 m / s
at the same point. If the horizontal distance
of the object from the cliff is a, the height of A) 20 m B) 10 3 m C) 10 m D) zero
the cliff is 9. In the direction shown in figure with
U
velocities v A  20m / s and vB  10m / s
respectively.
 1
o' 1
They collide in air after s . Find the
2
m
P distance x.
v a vB = 10 m/s
2 n
 vA = 20 m/s
o
A  B
a(cot   cot  )
A) B) a(sin   tan  ) x
cot  cot 
a tan  A) 2 3 m B) 3 3 m
C) D) a(cot   cot  ) C) 4 3 m D) 5 3 m
tan 

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 Physics Kinematics(Inclined Projectile)

MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS

10. Two projectiles A and B are fired Passage-1
simultaneously as shown in figure. They Two projectiles are projected simultaneously from
collide in air at point at time t. Then the top and bottom of a vertical tower of height h
at angl es 45 0 and 60 0 above horizontal
y(m) respectively. Body strike at the same point on
ground at distance 20m from the foot of the tower
2 B
20 after same time.
12. The speed of projectile projected from the
bottom is
u1 P
20
A) 40 m/s B) m/ s
1 3
10
A
20
C) 40 3m / s D)
m/ s
x(m) 3
0 10 20 13. The ratio of the speed of the projectile projected
from the top and the speed of the
A) t  u1 cos θ1  u 2 cos θ 2   20 projectile projected from the bottom of tower is
A) 1: 2 B) 1: 3
B) t  u1 sin θ1  u 2 sin θ 2   10
C) Both (A) and (B) are correct C) 5 :1 D) 7 :1
14. The time of flight of projectiles is
D) Both (A) and (B) are wrong
1 1
11. From an inclined plane two particles P, Q are A) (3) 4 B) 2(3) 4

projected with same speed at same angle θ , 1 1

C) 3(3) 4 D) 4(3) 4
one up and other down the plane as shown in
Passage-2
figure. Which of the following statement(s) Two guns situated on top of a hill of height 10m
is/are correct ? fire one shot each with the same speed 5 3 m/s
at some interval of time. One gun fires horizontally
 Q and the other fires upwards at an angle of 600
with the horizontal. The shots collide in air at a
 point P. Find
 15. The time interval between the firings and
P A) 1 s B) 2s C) 3 s D) 4s
A)The particles will collide the plane with same 16. the coordinates of point P. Take the origin
speed of coordinate system at the foot of the hill
B) The times of flight of each particle are same right below the muzzle and trajectories in the
xy-plane.
C) Both particles strike the plane perpendicularly
D) The particles will collide in mid air if projected A)  5 m , 5 m  
B) 5 3 m,5 3m 
simultaneuosly and time of flight of each
particle is less than the time of collision

C) 5 3 m ,5m  
D) 5 m , 5 3m 

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 Kinematics(Inclined Projectile) Physics

MATRIX MATCHING TYPE
17. A particle is projected on an inclined plane
which is inclined at 300 with the horizontal as
shown in fig. Initial speed of the particle
isv0,and inclined plane is sufficiently large.
Match the Column – I and Column – II
v0
30
30
19. In the given figure, the angle of inclination
of the inclined plane is 300. A particle is
projected with horizontal velocity V0 from
height H. Find the horizontal velocity V0(in
m/s) so that the particle hits the inclined
plane perpendicularly. Given, H = 4m, g =10
m/s2
90
H
90
30
20. A particle is projected from point 0 on the

Column – I Column – II ground with velocity u  5 5 m/s at angle

  tan 1  0.5  . It strikes at a point C on a
v0
A) Range on the inclined plane P) fixed smooth plane AB having inclination of
g 3
370 with horizontal as shown in figure.
Calculate the velocity of particle with which
2v0
B) Velocity of the particle is Q) it strikes inclined plane AB ( in m/s)
g 3
B
parallel to the inclined plane at time
C
y
4v0 5 5
C) Time after which particle R)
3g  37°
x
O
strikes the plane is 10/3 m A

21. Two particles A and B are projected from a

2v02 point O on a horizontal plane, with velocities
D) For the given velocity S)
3g 20m/s and 20 2m / s respectively at angles
maximum range on the inclined plane 30 0 and 450 with the horizontal respectively
(angle of projection changing) in the same plane. If the maximum separation
2
INTEGER ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS is x 12   32  . Find x (in meters).
18. A heavy particle is projected from a point at Assume that the two particles get stuck to
the foot of a fixed plane, inclined at an angle the ground when they fall over it.
450 to the horizontal, in the vertical plane B
containing the line of greatest slope through
the point. If  ( 450 ) is the inclination to the
A
horizontal of the initial direction of projection, 45°
30°
for what value of tan  will the particle strike
O
the plane horizontal.

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 Physics Kinematics(Inclined Projectile)

EXERCISE-2 - KEY 1 3
or tan  α  30o   o

1) A 2) B 3) A 4) C 5) B 2 tan 30 2
6) A 7) B 8) D 9) D 10) B
 3
11) B,D 12) D 13) A 14) B 15) A  α  30o  tan 1 
 2 
16) C 17) A S,B  P,C  Q,D  S  
18) 2 19) 4 20) 10 21) 40
HINTS & SOLUTIONS
1. VB. A horizontal  v2 cos 60  v1 cos 60  12m / s =
3. 30
VB. A vertical  v2 sin 60  v1 sin 60  4 3m / s
 = 30
2
VB. A  12 
2

 4 3   192 In the frame of wedge the particle appears to be
projected up the plane as shown in figure.
2U sin 
X Its time of flight is
70
m g cos   2s
4. Let ν be the velocity at time of collision. Then,
A B
u 2 cos 45o  νsin 60o

45 30
vsin 60
x  v21t  192  10 3  240m 60
from le ABC
vcos 60
AB 2  Ac 2  Bc 2  AB  250m.
60

1  3ν 2
u
 u 2    2  ν
2 3
u (or)
B
2. At the moment of collision
 u
30 tan 600   3
 gt  u 
t AB  time of flight of the projectile 2 2u
v  u 2   gt  u  
2u sin  α  30 o
 3
 o
g cos 30 5. x   U cos   t  2 ; U cos   1
Now component of velocity along the plane
becomes zero at point B. 1 2
 U sin   t  gt  10 U sin   5
2
 0  u cos  α  30    g sin 30  T
o o

2 2
2usin  α  30 o
 V  U cos     U sin  
or u cos  α  30o    gsin 30o  o
gcos30  26 ; Tan  5

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 Kinematics(Inclined Projectile) Physics
6. Coordinates of P w.r.t O and O' as origins are 11.
(a, n) and (a, -m) The height of t he
cliff = h = m + n  Q

gx 2 
y  x tan   
2u 2 cos 2  P
ga 2 u
  m  a tan  
2u 2 cos 2 
2 gh ga 2
v0  ;  n  a tan  
2  cot 2  2v 2 cos 2   

 ( m  n)  a (tan   tan  ) u
because u cos   v cos  because both the 
shots reach P simultaneously. This is possible only Q
If the horizontal components of the velocities are
equal.
7. In the frame of B 
rest T1  T2

10m Further acceleration of both the particles is g

10m/s
downwards. Therefore, relative acceleration
between the two is zero or relative motion
20m/s between the two is uniform. Now relative velocity
of P with respect to Q is towards PQ. Therefore,
10m 10m
collision will take place between the two in mid
air.
d
(12, 13, 14)
10
t  1s d  20 1  20m. U
10 R1   U cos   t  2 3
8. In a reference frame, take a differentiation of 2
distance between projectiles is zero.
U 10 2 U 1
1 2 3  20 ; U  
9. From 2 20sin   10 ; sin   2 4
3 V 2
2
1 (15,16) : Let gun 1 and gun 2 to be fired at an interval
  30 ;  20 cos 30  2  x
o
x  5 3m t , such that t1  t2  t ---------- (1)
10. X A  X B Where t1 and t2 are the respective times taken by
the two shots to reach point P.
 10   u1 cos θ1  t  30   u 2 cos θ 2  t
For gun 1 :
or t  u1 cos θ1  u 2 cos θ 2   20 x-component y-component
1 2 1 2
y A  y B  10   u1 sin θ1  t  gt x  xi  vi cos 600 t1 y  yi  vi sin 600 t1  gt1
2 2
1
 20   u 2 sin θ 2  t  gt 2 1 3 1
2 or x  xi  vi t1 y  yi  vi t1  gt12
2 2 2
  u1 sin θ1  u 2 sin θ 2  t  10

80 IIT CO Spark Programme Narayana CO School

 Physics Kinematics(Inclined Projectile)
For gun 2 : 18. Let the particle be projected from O with velocity
x-component y-component u and strike the plane at a point P after time t.
1 2 Let ON=PN=h; then OP= h 2 .
x  xi  vi cos 00 t2 y  yi  vi sin 00 t2  gt2
2 If the particle strikes the plane horizontally, then
1 its vertical component of velocity at P is zero.
x  xi  vi t2 y  yi  g t 22
2 Along horizontal direction
(a) Now we can equate x- and y-coordinates of shots h  (u cos  )(t ) --------------- (1)
1 Along vertical direction, 0  u sin   gt
i.e., vi t1  vi t2 or t1  2t2
2
or u sin   gt ---------------(2)
3 1 1
and vi t1  gt12   gt22 P
2 2 2
u cos 
3 1
or vi t1  g (t22  t12 )  0 On substituting t1
2 2
from eqn. (2) into eqn. (3), we get u h

3 1 
vi (2t2 )  g ( 3t22 )  0 or
2 2 45
O N
 3 
t2  3vi  gt2   0 or
 2  1 2
and h  u sin  t  gt ---------(3)
2 vi 2 5 3 2
t2  0 and t2      1s
3 g 3  10  Using eqns. (1) and (2) in (3)

Therefore, t1  2t2  2(1)  2s 1

(u cos  )(t )  (u sin  )(t )  (u sin  )t ;
2
t  t1  t2  2  1  1s
tan   2
(b) The coordinates of P at which the two shots collide
are x  xi  vi t2 = 0  (5 3)(1) = 5 3 m 0 0 v0 cos300
19. 0  v0 cos 30  g sin30 t  t  .....(1)
1 2 1 g sin 00
2
and y  yi  gt2 = 10  (10)(1) = 5 m 1
2 2  H cos 30 0  v0 sin 30 0 t  g cos 30 0 t 2 ..(2)
2
2v02 sin 300 cos 600
17. Range R  By equation (1) and (2), we get
g cos 2 300
v02  cot2   2gH
Time when velocity is parallel to plane v0 H 1   v0   4m / s   300 
g 2  5
v0
0
sin 30  gcso30 t  0 0
; t  20. Let (x,y) be the coordinates of point C. Now x
g 3 compnent of point C = OA+AD
2v0 sin 30o
Time of flight T  x 
10
 y cot 37 0 
10  4 y
....... 1
g cos 30o
3 3
v02
Maximum range R 
As point C lies on the trajectory of a parabola
g1sin 30 o
we have

Narayana CO School IIT CO Spark Programme 81

 Kinematics(Inclined Projectile) Physics

gx 2
y  x tan   .......(2)
242 cos 2  PROJECTILE MOTION ON INCLINED
1 2 PLANE
Given that tan   , cos  
2 5 1. A body has maximum range R1 when
From (1) and (2) we get y=1.25m projected up the inclined plane. The same
Hence x=5m boby when projected down the inclined plane.
Hence the coordinates of point C are (5m, it has maximum range R2 . Find its maximum
1.25m) Let VY be the vertical component of horizontal range. Assume the equal speed of
velocity of the particle just before collision at V projection in each case and the boby is
= u+at. projected onto the e greatest slope.
 x  v0
VY  u sin   g  
 u cos  
v0
1 5 P O
VY  5 5   10  0
5 5 5 cos 
Thus at C the particle has only horizontal Q
component of velocity,
2 
Vx  u cos   5 5   10m / s
5
2R1 R2 2R1 R2
1 A) R  R  R B) R  R  R
2  20  1 2 1 2
21. T  2  2sec
A
10 R1 R2 4R1 R2
C) R  R  R D) R  R  R
1 1 2 1 2
2  20 2 
TB  2  4sec
2. A particle P is projected from a point on the
10
surface of smooth inclined plane.
1 Simultaneously another particle Q is
S rel  urel t  arel t 2
2 released on the smooth inclined plane from
 3 1    1  1   the same position. P and Q collide on the
   20 i  20 j  t   20 2 i  20 2 j  t 
 2 20   2 2   inclined plane after t = 4 second. The speed
  
of projection of P is (Take g = 10 m/s2)
  
 
  10 3 i  10 j  20 j  t P
 
Q
 
 
 10

 
3  2 i  10 j  t

 
60
S max  20  
3  2 i  20 j, at t  2
A) 5 m/s B) 10 m/s
2 C) 15 m/s D) 20 m/s
 20 12   32   40m

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 Physics
3. A particle is projected from surface of the in
clined plane with speed u and at an angle θ
with the horizontal. After some time the
particle collides elastically with the smooth 6.
fixed inclined plane for the first time and
subsequently moves in vertical direction.
Starting from projection, find the time taken
by the particle to reach maximum height.
(Neglect time of collision)

Kinematics(Inclined Projectile)
COLLISIONS
BETWEENPROJECTILES
A particle A is projected from the ground with
an initial velocity of 10 m/s at an angle of 60°
with horizontal. From what height should an
another particle B be projected horizontally
with velocity 5 m/s so that both the particles
collide in ground at point C if both are
projected simultaneously g = 10 m/s2.
B 5m/s

45

2ucosθ 2u sinθ h 10m/s

A) B)
g g
u  sin θ+cos θ  2u 60
C) D) A C
g g
4. A perfectly elastic particle is projected with (A) 10 m (B) 15 m (C) 20 m (D) 30
a velocity v on a vertical plane through the m
line of greatest slope of an inclined plane of 7. A smooth square platform ABCD is moving
elevation  . If after striking the plane, the towards right with a uniform speed ν. At what
particle rebounds vertically, show that it will
angle θ must a particle be projected from A
return to the point of projection at the end of
time equal to with speed u so that it strikes the point B?
B C
6v 6v
A) B) u V
g 1  8sin 2  g 1  sin 2 

A D
v v
C) D)
g 1  8sin 2  g 1  sin 2  1  u  1  ν 
A) sin   B) cos  
5. Two bodies A and B are projected from the ν u
same place in same vertical plane with veloci 1  u  1  ν 
ties v1 and v2 .From a long inclined plane as C) cos   D) sin  
ν u
shown Find the ratio of their times of flight
8. Two particles are projected from the same
v2 point on ground simultaneously with speeds
v1 are 20 m / s and 20 / 3 m / s at angles 30o
A B and 60 o with the horizontal in the same

direction. The maximum distance between
v1 sin  2v1 sin v1 sin  v1 cos  them till both of them strike the ground is
A) B) C) D) approximately (g = 10m/s2)
v2 v2 2v2 v2
A) 23.1 m B) 16.4 m C) 30.2 m D) 10.4 m

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 Kinematics(Inclined Projectile) Physics
9. Two particles A and B are projected 12. A shell is projected from a gun with a muzzle
simultaneously from a point situated on a velocity v. The gun is fitted with a trolley car
horizontal plane.The particle A is projected at an angle  as shown in the fig. if the trolley
vertically up with a velocity ν A while the car is made to move with constant velocity v
towards right, find the horizontal range of the
particle B is projected up at an angle of 30o
shell relative to ground.
with horizontal with a velocity ν B . After 5 s
the particles were observed moving mutually u
perpendicular to each other. The velocity of V
projection of the particle ν and ν 
A B

respectively are

A) 5ms 1 ,100 ms 1 2u sin   u cos   v 

A) R 
g
B) 100 ms 1 ,50 ms1
2u sin   u cos   v 
C) ν A can have any value grater than B) R 
g
25ms 1 ,100 ms 1 u sin   u cos   v 
C) R 
D) 20ms 1 , 25 ms 1 2g

10. An aircraft moving with a speed of 250 m/s u sin   u cos   v 

is at a height of 6000m, just overhead of an D) R 
g
antiaircraft gun. If the muzzle velocity is 500
m/s, the firing angle  should be: 13. Two guns are projected at each other, one
upward at an angle of 300and the other at
250m/s the same of depression, the muzzles being
30m apart as shown in the figure. If the guns
500m/s are shot with velocities of 350m/s upward and
6000m 300 m/s downward respectively. where the
bullets may meet.


A) 300 B) 450 B
C) 600 D) none of these. 30 m
P
11. A cannon fires successively two shells with
velocit y v 0 =250 m/s, the first at an angle
y
30
1  600 and the second at an angle A X
0
 2  45 to the horizontal, the azimuth being A) x = 14m,y = 8.07m
the same. Neglecting the air drag, find the
B) x = 4m,y = 4.07m
time interval between firings leading to the
collision of the shells C) x = 10m,y = 10.07m
A) 4 sec B) 7 sec C) 17 sec D) 11 sec D) x=5m,y = 1 8.07m

84 IIT CO Spark Programme Narayana CO School

 Physics Kinematics(Inclined Projectile)
14. Two particles A and B are projected in same x
vertical plane as shown in the figure. Their y

initial positions (t = 0), initial speed and angle v B

of projections are indicated in the diagram. u
Q
If initial angle of projection B  370 , what
A
should be initial speed of projection of
h P
particle B, so that it hits particle A. 30 60
O
U A  60m / s
Which of the following is/are correct

A) The time of flight 2s

53 B
A B B) The velocity with which the particle strikes
100m the plane OB=10 m/s

A) 80 m/s B) 75 m/s C) The height of the point P from point O is 5m

C) 40 m/s D) 45 m/s D) The distance PQ = 20m
MULTI ANSWER QUESTIONS 17. Two balls are thrown from an inclined plane
15. Two shells are fired from cannon with speed at angle of projection  with the plane, one
u each, at angles of  and  respectively up the incline and other down the incline as
with the horizontal. The time interval between shown in figure (T stands for total time of
the shots is T. They collide in mid air after
flight) :
time t from the first shot. Which of the
v0 v1
following conditions must be satisfied? v0

A)    h2

h1

B) t cos   (t  T ) cos  v1
 R1 R1
 
C) (t  T ) cos   t cos 

1 1 v02 sin 2 
D)  u sin  t  gt  (u sin  )(t T)  g(t T )
2 2

2 2 A) h1  h2 
2 g cos 
16. Two inclined planes OA and OB having
inclina tion 30 0 and 60 0 with the 2v0 sin 
horizontal respectively intersect each other B) T1  T2 
g cos 
at O, as shown in figure. A particle is projected
from point P with a velocity C) R2  R1  g (sin  )T12
u  10 3m / s along a direction perpendicular
D) v1  v2
to plane OA. If the particle strikes plane OB
perpendicular at Q

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 Kinematics(Inclined Projectile) Physics

18. An aeroplane at a constant speed releases A) relation between x- coordinate & time is
a bomb. As the bomb drops away from the x  t  t2 / 4 .
aeroplane, B) maximum x-coordinate is 1m
A) It will always be vertically below the aeroplane C) total distance traveled is 2m
B) It will always be vertically below the aeroplane D) average speed is 0.5 m/s
only if the aeroplane was flying horizontallly.
21. A railway compartment is 16 m long, 2.4 m
C) It will always be vertically below the aeroplane wide and 3.2 m high. It is moving with a
only if the aeroplane was flying at an angle of
velocity ‘v’. A particle moving horizontally
450 to the horizontal
with a speed ‘u’, perpendicular to the
D) It will gradually fall behind the aeroplane if the direction of ‘v’ enters through a hole at an
aeroplane was flying horizontally. upper corner A and strikes the diagonally
19. Two particles are projected with speed 4 m/ opposite corner B. Assume g = 10 m/s2.
s and 3 m/s simultaneously from same point
2.4 m
as shown in the figure. Then : v
A) Their relative velocity is along vertical direction O A
B u
B) Their relative acceleration is non-zero and it 3.2 m
is along vertical direction
16 m
C) They will hit the surface simultaneously
D) Their relative velocity is constant and has A) v = 20 m/s
magnitude 1.4 m/s B) u = 3 m/s
4 m/s C) To an observer inside the compartment, the
path of the particle is a parabola
3 m/s D) To a stationary observer outside the
compartment,the path of the particle is parabola
0
53 22. Two particles A and B are projected from the
0
37 same point with the same speed but at
different angles  and  with the
20. A particle moves along x-axis with constant
horizontal, such that the maximum height of
acceleration and its x-position depend on
A is two–third of the horizontal range of B.
time ‘t’ as shown in the following graph
(parabola); then in interval 0 to 4 sec. Then which of the following relations are true
?
A) range of A = maximum height of B
B) 3(1 – cos 2  ) = 8 sin 2 

C) maximum value of  is sin–1 (3/4)

D) maximum horizontal range of A = u2/g and
x
(m) 1 1  3 
45 45 this occurs when   sin  
2 8
4 t(sec)

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 Physics Kinematics(Inclined Projectile)
23. Two particles are projected from the same 25. the time of flight of the shell is:
point , with the same speed, in the same
u cos  2u sin  u u sin 
vertical plane, at different angles with the A) B) C) D)
horizontal. A frame of reference is fixed to g sin  g cos  g g sin 
one particle. The position vector of the other 26. the difference in range of the shell relative
 to the trolley car and ground is:
particle as observed from this frame is r
Which of the follwing satements are correct?
u 2 sin 2 u 2 cos2 
 A) B)
A) direction of r does not change g cos  2 g sin 

B) r changes in magnitude and direction with u 2 sin  sin  2U 2 sin  cos(   )
C) D)
time 2g g cos2 

C) The magnitude of r increases linearly with 27. after what time should the shell be fired such
time that it will go vertically up?
 u cos  u sin    
D) The direction of r changes with time; its
A) B)
magnitude may or may not change, depending g sin  g cos  sin 
on the angles of projection
u cos     u cos    
COMPREHENSION TYPE C)
g cos 
D)
g sin  cos 
Passage-1
MATRIX MATCH TYPE
A cannon is fixed with a smooth massive trolley
28. A particle projected onto an inclined plane:
car at an angle  as shown in the figure. The
trolley car slides from rest down the inclined plane vx''
vx
of angle of inclination  . C
B
The muzzle velocity of the shell fired at t  t0
from the cannon is u, such that the shell moves x vy'
perpendicular to the inclined plane just after the vy vx
A  x
t=0

Column-I Column-II
firing.
v 'y
A) v P) > 1
 y

24. The value of t0 is: 2v y

B) tAC Q)
g cos 
u cos  u cos 
A) B) x vx  v ' x
g g cos  C) R)
x' g sin 
u cos  u sin 
C) D) t AB
g sin  g cos 
D) t S) 1
BC

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EXERCISE -III KEY 2. It can be observed from figure that P and Q shall
collide if the initial component of velocity ‘P’ on
1) B 2) B 3) C 4) A 5)A inclined plane i.e. along incline u = 0 that is particle
6)B 7) B 8) A 9) C 10) C is projected perpendicular to incline.
11) D 12) A 13) A 14) A
2u
15) A,B,D 16) A,B,C,D  Time of light T  g cos 
17) A,B,C,D 18) A 19) A,D
gT cos 
20) A,B,C,D 21) A,B,C,D u   10m / s
22) B,D 23) A,C 24) C 25) B 26) D 2
27) D 28) A-S, B-Q,R C- P, D-S 3. After the elastic collision with inclined plane the
projectile moves in vertical direction. The
HINTS & SOLUTIONS inclination of plane with horizontal is 45o. Hence
1. As derive earlier, for upward projection, velocity of particle just before collision should be
horizontal.
v02 Time required to reach maximum height
Rmax   R1 ...(i)
g 1  sin  
C
For downward projection, 45°
2 uy = ucos
v 0 45°
Rmin   R2 ...(ii)
g 1  sin   B
For a projection of horizontal surface substituting u
  0, 
A
v02 45°
Then, we have Rmax   R  say  ...(iii)
g
u sin  u cos 
To establish a relation between R, R1 and R2 ,  t AB  t BC  
g g
we need to eliminate sin  . 4. The path of the motion of particle is as shown in
figure.
1 1
Adding R form eq.(i) with R from eq.(ii) Q
1 2
y v
v 
2 1 1 x
we have R  R  R Then, p
1 2 g sin
  g cos
2R1 R2 o
R
R1  R2
Let particle is projected at an angle  with the
v0 plane.
P O v0 Its displacement along y-axis becomes zero in time
R1
T. Then we have
R2 Q 1 2v sin 
y  uy T  ay T 2 or T  . ..
 2 g cos 

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 Physics Kinematics(Inclined Projectile)
(i) Let v is the velocity with which particle After solving, we get Total times
strikes the plane  is the angle which it makes 6v
with t he vertical. Then we have, 
v sin   v cos   g sin  T ...(ii) g 1  8sin 2 

and v cos   v sin   g cos  T ...(iii) 2vy 2v1 sin 2v

T1   , T2  2
ay g cos g cos
2v sin 
From(ii), v sin   v cos   g sin   5. T1 v1 sin
g cos  
T2 v2
v cos  2v sin 
or v  ...(iv)
sin  cos  2U sin 
6. t  3 S  1 gt 2 h  15m
Substituting the value of T in equation (ii) and g 2
(iii), 7. Particle will strike the point B if velocity of particle
 2v sin   with respect to platform is along AB or
v cos   v sin   g cos    ...(vi) component of its relative velocity along AD is
 g cos  
1  ν 
Dividing equation (v) by (vi), we have zero. i.e., u cos θ  ν or θ  cos  
u
cos  2sin  tan  8. Components of velocities of both the particles in
tan    cot   2 tan 
sin  vertical direction are equal. Therefore, their time
of flights are equal and their relative motion is in
3 tan 
 cos   horizontal direction only. Thus, the maximum
1  9 tan 2  distance between them is equal to the difference
in their horizontal ranges.
1  9 tan 2 
1  20 
2
sin 60o  400  3
R1    34.64 m
 g 10  2
3tan  20  o
2

  sin120 400  3
Total time taken by paticle is equal to the sum of R2   3
  11.55 m
time taken from O to P and P to Q and then from g 10  3  2
Q to P to Q. Thus total time  Smax  34.64  11.55  23.09 m  23.1m
= 2 T + 2t=2(T+t) For t, we hae 0 = v- gt
2U 5g
9. TA   5s TA  5s U
v g 2
or t 
g
U  25 m / s.
 2v sin  v  For any value U  25 the projectile will move
 Total time  2  g cos   g 
  only in vertical direction.So B should move in
 2v sin  1  v cos  2v sin    horizontal direction at maximum height it is
 2    
 g cos  g  sin  cos    horizontal.

2U sin  U
 3tan   Ta  5   30o
2v   g 2 10
2v cos   1  9 tan 2  
  U  100m / s
g sin  g sin 

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10. 500 cos   250   1

  u cos   v  iˆ  u sin  ˆj in s  ut  at 2
 cos   1/ 2    60o 2
11.  1 
Riˆ   u cos   v  tiˆ   ut sin   gt 2  ˆj
 2 
250 m/s
250 m/s
Compating the coefficients of iˆ and ĵ ,we
obtain R   u cos   v  t ...(i) and
0
y
600 45 1 2
ut sin   gt  0 ...(ii) From eq.(ii),
2
x
2u sin 
at collision horizontal distances covered by the we find t  . Finally, substituting
both the particles are equal g
2u sin 
1 1 t eq.(i), we have
250 t1  250 t2 ..... (1) g
2 2
2u sin   u cos   v 
at collision vertical distances covered by the both R Ans.
g
the particles are equal
13. Conceptual
3 1
250 t1  g t12 60 sin 53 vB sin37
2 2
1 1
 250  t2  g t22 ..... (2) 14.
2 2
60 cos53 vB cos37
solve (1) & (2) get t1t2
Vrel in along line joining the particles 60 sin 53
12. The velocity of projection of the shell is = VBsin 37 VB=80m/s
  
v s  v sc  v c . Substituting 15. For collision
  T1  T2 sin   sin   
v sc  u cos  iˆ  u sin  ˆj and v c  v iˆ
x1  x 2 t cos    t  T  cos 
y
u y1  y2
1 2 1 2
   U sin   t gt  U sin   t  T   g  t  T 
2 2
x 16. Consider the motion of particle along the axes
shown in figure. We have
R
u x  u, ax   g sin 600
For horizntal range R of the shell its displacement
 u y  0, a y   g cos 600
can be given as s  Riˆ Substituting
    (a) As the particle strikes the plane OB
a   g ˆj , s  Riˆ, and u  vs
perpendicularly,  vx  0 as vx  u x  a xt

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or 0  u  g sin 600 t 18. It will always be vertically below the plane

19..
u 10 3 4m/A
 t  g sin 600   2s
3
10  3m/A
2
(b) Initial velocity along y-axis is zero. The
velocity along y-axis after 2 s; v y  u y  a y t
0
37
0 53
1
= 0  g cos 600  2 = 10   2  10m / s
2
(c) We have, vx2  u x2  2ax s Vrelx  0

Since vx  0 and Vrely  4sin 53o  3sin 37 o  1.4m / s

ax  g sin 600 , u  10 3m / s arelx  0

 0  (10 3) 2  2  g sin 60 0  (OQ ) arel y  0

10 2  3 dx t t
or OQ   10 3m 20.  1 1  0 t  2s
3 dt 2 2
2  10 
2
t2
1 xt x  1m
Distance PO  0  g sin 300  (2) 2 4
2 total distance = 2m.
1 1 2
=  10   4  10m Average speed Vav   0.5 m / s .
2 2 24
Therefore height h of point P, 21. (a, b, c, d) consider the vertical motion of the
1 particle after entering the compartment. Let it
h  PQ sin 300  10   5m reach the floor in time ‘t’
2
1
(d) Distance PQ  PO 2  OQ 2 3.2  10 t 2 or t = 0.8 s
2
Due to the velocity component ‘u’, which remain
= PQ  (10) 2  (10 3)2  20m constant, it covers a distance of 2.4 m in 0.8 s
V02 sin 2  u
2.4m
 3m / s
17. h1h2  0.8s
2 g cos 
2V0 sin  16 m
T1T2  Also v   20 m / s
g cos  0.8

1 v 2 sin 2  2 2 sin 2  4
R1  V0 cos  T1  g sin  T12 22.  U sin 2   sin 2 
2 2g 3 g 3
3
1 0  sin 2   1 0  sin 2   1   sin 1  
R2  V0 cos  T1  g sin  T12 4
2
 R2  R1  g sin  T12

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3sin2   4sin2 a x  g sin  U x  U cos 

31 cos2   8sin2 a y  g cos  Vy  V sin 
2
U sin 2 2Vy
RA  2V sin 
g Time of flight T 
ay g cos 
T
Rmax at   26. Distance moved by shell
4
1 2
1 3 =  Vo cos   t  g sin  t
  sin 1   2
2 8
2U sin 
RA  H max. B t on solving
g cos 
23. Let u = the speed of projection, 1 and 2 = the 2U 2 sin 
  x cos    
angles of projection. Let r1 and r2 be the g cos 2 
position vectors of the two particles in a ground

frame . r1 = (u cos 1 ) ; 27. Vx  U x ;   a x  cos   t  U cos    
 1 
t i   u sin1  t  gt 2  j g sin  cos  t  U cos     ;
 2 
U cos    
   1 2  t
r2 = (u cos 2 ) t i   u sin2  t  2 gt  j g sin  cos 
 
The position vector of one particle with respect 2V y
to another is 28. t AC 
   g cos 
r  r1  r2  u  cos 1  cos  2  t  i
Vx1  Vx  g sin  t AC
 u  sin 1  sin  2  t  j
V  Vx1
t AC  x
 at i  bt j   a i  b j  t , g sin 
 
t AB
where a and b are constants. 1
t DC
24. Velocity along tralley is zero i.e., Vx  U x  a x t
x1
1
0  U cos    g sin   t ; x1
U cos  (first half of time body causes more distance
t . tahn second half of time)
g sin 
25.
x
y

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