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DR. BHARTI GADA’S PRIVATE TUTORIALS

M.D, CBE- (USA)
COACHING FOR VIII, IX, X, BIOLOGY (ICSE/CBSE)
M-09322042356/8767331097
TEST SERIES CRASH COURSE DOUBT SOLVING
ONLINE/OFFLINE GROUP TUITIONS
drbhartigadatutorial@gmail.com

ABSORPTION BY ROOTS
2019
Q1 ) Give suitable biological reason for the following statement .

1 Roots hairs become flaccid and droop when excess fertillisers are added to the moist
soil around them
____________________________________________________________________________

2018

Q.1) Correct the following statements by changing the underlined words:

(i) The cell sap of root hair is Hypotonic.

Q.2) Give appropriate biological or technical terms for the following:

(i) Movement of molecules of a substance from their higher concentration to lower
concentration when they are in direct contact.

Q.3) Differentiate between the following pairs on the basis of what is indicated in the brackets.
(i) Hypotonic solution and Hypertonic solution [condition of a plant cell when placed in
them]

Q.4) Give biological explanations for the following:

(i) Plants growing in fertilized soil are often found to wilt if the soil is not adequately watered.

2017

Q.1) Name the following:

(i) The process by which root hairs absorb water from the soil.

Q.2) Choose the correct answer from each of the four options given below :
(i) Marine fish when placed in tap water bursts because of:
(a) Endosmosis (b) Exosmosis
(c) Diffusion (d) Plasmolysis

Q.3) The statements given below are incorrect. Rewrite the correct statement by changing
the underlined words of the statements:
(i) Free movement of solutes in and out of the cell takes place across the cell membrane.

Q.4) Differentiate between the following on the basis of what is mentioned in brackets :
(i) Active transport and Diffusion [Significance in plants]

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Q.5)The diagram given below represents a plant cell after being placed in a strong sugar
solution. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow:
(i) What is the state of the cell shown in the diagram?
(ii) Name the structure that acts as a semipermeable membrane.
(iii) Label the parts numbered 1 to 4 in the diagram.
(iv) How can the above cell be brought back to its original condition? Mention the scientific
term for the recovery of the cell.
(v) State any two features of the above cell which is not present in animal cells.

2016

Q.1) Choose the correct answer from each of the four options given below:
(i) A plant cell may burst when:
(A) Turgor pressure equalizes wall pressure.
(B) Turgor pressure exceeds wall pressure.
(C) Wall pressure exceeds turgor pressure.
(D) None of the above.

Q.2) The figure given below is a diagrammatic representation of a part of the cross section of
the root in the root hair zone. Study the same and then answer the questions that follow:

(i) Name the parts indicated by the guidelines 1 to 4.

(ii) Which is the process that enables the passage of water from the soil into the root hair?
(iii) Name the pressure that is responsible for the movement of water in the direction indicated
by the arrows. Define it.
(iv) Due to an excess of this pressure sometimes drops of water are found along the leaf
margins of some plants especially in the early mornings. What is the phenomenon called?
(v) Draw a well labeled diagram of the root hair cell as it would appear if an excess of fertiliser
is added to the soil close to it.

2015

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Q.1) Give the Biological / technical term for the following:

(i) The process of uptake of mineral ions against the concentration gradient using energy
from the cell.
Q.2) Differentiate between the following pairs on the basis of what is mentioned within brackets:
(i) Diffusion and Osmosis (Definition)
Q.3) Explain the following terms.
(i) Turgor pressure.

2014

Q.1) Differentiate between the following pairs on the basis of what is mentioned within brackets:
(i) Turgor pressure and wall pressure. (Explain).
Q.2)(A) candidate in order to study the process of osmosis has taken 3 potato cubes and put
them in 3 different beakers containing 3 different solutions. After 24 hours, In the first beaker the
potato cube increased in size, in the second beaker the potato cube decreased in size and in
the third beaker there was no change in the size of the potato cube. The following diagram
shows the result of the same experiment:

(i) Give the technical terms of the solutions used in beakers, 1, 2, 3.

(ii) In beaker 3 the size of the potato cube remains the same. Explain the reason in brief.
(iii) Write the specific feature of the cell sap of root hairs which helps in absorption of water.
(iv) What is osmosis?
(v) How does a cell wall and a cell membrane differ in their permeability?

2013

Q.1) Given below are five groups of terms. In each group arrange and rewrite the terms in the
correct order so as to be in a logical sequence.
For example: Implantation, Parturition, Ovulation, Gestation, Fertilization.
Answer: Ovulation, Fertilization, Implantation, Gestation, Parturition.
(i) Endodermis, Cortex, Soil water, Xylem, Rot hair.

Q.2) Give the biological / technical terms for the following:

(i) A solution in which the relative concentration of water molecules and the solute on
either side of the cell membrane is the same.

Q.3) Give biological reasons for the following:

(i) Wooden frames of doors get jammed during the monsoon season.

Q.4) The figure given below shows the epidermal cells of an onion bulb. This cell was than
transferred to a drop of sugar solution.

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(i) Draw a wall labeled diagram of the epidermal cell as it would appear after immersion I a
strong sugar solution.
(ii) What scientific term is used for the changes as shown in (i) above?
(iii) What should be done to restore the cell back to its original condition?
(iv) Give the scientific term for the recovery of the cell as a result of the step taken in (iii) above.
(v) Define the term osmosis.

2012

Q.1) Name the following:

(i) The phenomenon by which living or dead plant cells absorb water by surface attraction.

Q.2) Give the biological / technical terms for the following:

(i) A membrane which allows the passage of molecules selectively.

Q.3) Given below is the diagram of a cell as seen under the microscope after having been
placed in a solution:

(i) What is the technical term used for the state/ condition of the cell given above?
(ii) Give the technical term for the solution in which the cell was placed.
(iii) Name the parts numbered 1 to 4.
(iv) Is the cell given above a plant cell or an animal cell? Give two reasons in support of your
answer as evident from the diagram.
(v) What would you do to bring this cell back to its original condition?

Q.4) Briefly explain the following:

(i) Osmosis

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2011

Q.1) Rewrite and complete the following sentences by inserting the correct word in the space
indicated:
(i) Wooden doors swell up in rainy season due to _______________.

Q.2) Give reasons for the following:

(i) Potato cubes when placed in water become firm and increase in size.

Q.3) The diagram below represents a layer of epidermal cells showing a fully-grown root hair.
Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow:

(i) Name the parts labelled A, B, C and D.

(ii) The root hair cell is in a turgid state. Name and explain the process that caused this state.
(iii) Mention one distinct difference between the parts labelled A and B.
(iv) Draw a diagram of the above root hair cell as it would appear when a concentrated solution
of fertilizers is added near it.

2010

Q.1) Given below is a set of five terms. Rewrite the terms in logical sequence as directed at the
end of the statement.
(i) Cortical cells, Root hair, Soil water, Endodermis, Xylem. (entry of water into the plant
from soil)

Q.2) Explain the term diffusion.

Q.3)Given diagram shows an apparatus set-up to study a very important physiological process:

(i) Name the process being studied.

(ii) Explain the process.
(iii) What change would you observe in the thistle funnel containing sugar solution after
about 10 minutes?
(iv) Is sugar solution hypertonic or hypotonic?
(v) Name the part of the plant cell which is represented by the sugar solution.
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(vi) Explain why much salt is added to pickles.

Q.4) Explain the term turgidity.

Q.5) Account for the wilted lettuce leaves become crisp/firm when placed in cold water for a while.

2009

Q.1) Identify and name the following process:

(i) Movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower
concentration.

Q. 2) Explain the root pressure.

2008

Q.1) The following paragraph is related to absorption of water from the soil. Copy and complete
thefollowing paragraph by selecting the correct word from those given in the box. You may
use the term only once.

Exosmosis, hypertonic, osmosis, isotonic, hypotonic

cortical,endosmosis

Water enters the root hair from the soil by the process of ____________ (1). This is because
the solution in the soil is ____________ (2) whereas the cell sap in the root hair cell is
__________(3). The water then passes through the ______________ (4) cells by cell to cell
_____________ (5) and reaches the xylem of the root.

Q.2) Given below are sets of 5 terms each. Without changing the first term, rearrange the
remaining four, so as to be in logical sequence as per the directions given in brackets for
each. One has been done for you as an example.
Example : Pathogen, active immunity, produces antibodies, lymphocytes, antigen (defence
mechanism of the body)
Answer: Pathogen antigen lymphocytes produces antibodies
active immunity.
(i) Soil water, xylem, cortex, endodermis, root hair (conduction of water)

Q.3) Rewrite the completed explanation by inserting the key word in the space indicated by ‘^’.

(i) Osmosis is the movement of water molecule from its region of higher concentration
to its region of lower concentration through a ‘^’ membrane.

Q.4) Give the technical term.

(i) The process of mixing of two different substances / molecules.
(ii) Exudation of sap from injured parts of a plant.

Q.5) Differentiate between the following on the basis of what is given in the bracket :
(i) Wall pressure and turgor pressure (Explain briefly).

Q.6) Given below are diagrams of plant cells as seen under the microscope after having been
placed in two different solutions.

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(i) What is the technical twrm for the condition of : 1 . Cell A?

(ii) What is the technical term for the condition of : 2. Cell B?
(iii) From the solutions given in brackets (water, strong sugar solution, 1% salt solution) name
the solution into which:
1. Cell A 2. Cell B was placed before being viewed under the microscope.
(iv) Under what conditions in the soil will the root hair cell resemble:
1. Cell A 2. Cell B.
(v) Name the pressure responsible for the movement of from the root hair cell to the xylem of
the root. How is it set up ?
(vi) Name the pressure that helps in the movement of water up the xylem of the root.

2007

Q.1) Name a solution whose concentration is greater than that of cell sap.

Q.2) Give below are the functions of certain organs / structures found in living organisms. In
each case, name the organ or structure that:-
(i) Transports water from the soil to other parts of the plant.

Q.3) Explain the term osmosis.

Q.4) Given below is a set of terms arranged in logical sequence, representing a process or a
function. Of these, one term is incorrect. Identify the incorrect term and replace it with the
correct term.
(i) Soil water → Root hair → Cells of cortex → Epidermis → xylem.

Q.5) Give reason:

(i) Plants begin to die when excess of soluble fertilizers are added to the soil.

2006

Q.1) Arrange and rewrite the terms in the correct order so as to be in a logical sequence. An
example has been done for you:
e.g., Penis,Testis, Sperm duct, Sperm, Semen.
Answer: Testis → Sperm → Sperm duct → Semen → Penis.
(i) Endodermis, root hair, xylem, soil water, cells of cortex.

Q.2) Explain the following terms: Bleeding.

Q.3) Define hypotonic solution.

Q.4) Give the appropriate terms for the following:

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(i) The arrangement of xylem tissue in a vascular bundle such that the protoxylem is at
the centre and the metaxylem is towards the periphery.

2005

Q.1) Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow:-

(i) Explain the physiological process being studied.

(ii) What will be observed in the two test tubes after two to three days?
(iii) Give a reason for your answer in (ii) above.
(iv) Whyis the surface of water covered with oil?
(v) State the purpose of setting test tube B.

Q.2) Explain the term Plasmolysis. Give one application of this phenomenon in our daily lives.

Q.3) Given below is the diagrammatic representation of the transverse section of a part of a
plant. Study the same and answer the questions that follow:

(i) Name the part of the plant that is shown.

(ii) Label the parts 1 to 6, indicated in the diagram.
(Type in the parts separated by commas. Leave no spaces around the commas).
(iii) Write the functions of part 3 and 5.

Q.4) Give biological reasons for the following:

(i) On a bright sunny day the leaves of certain plants roll up.
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(ii) Marine fish burst when thrown under tap water.

2004

Q.1) Give one point of difference between the following pairs on the basis of what is indicated in
brackets.
(i) Cobalt chloride paper and Goat’s bladder (process where it is used).

Q.2) Given below are sets of terms. In each case, rewrite the terms in the correct order so as to
be in logical sequence, one has been done for you. E.g
Urea in blood, collecting tubule, glomerulus distal convoluted tubule, Urine.
Ans: Urea in blood glomerulus, distal convoluted tubule, collecting tubule, urine.
(i) Cortical cell, Root hair, xylem, water, veins.

Q.3) Give biological reasons for the following:

(i) It is necessary to maintain a normal osmotic concentration of the blood.
(ii) Salt and sugar are used in preserving food.
(iii) On sprinkling common salt on grass growing in a lawn, the grass is killed.

2003

Q.1) Name the following:

(i) The tissue responsible for the ascent of sap in plants.
(ii) The pressure which is responsible for the movement of water molecules across the
cortical cells of the root.

Q.2) Define the following term, giving one example of each:

(i) Active transport.

Q.3) Give one reason for each of the following:

(i) Wilted lettuce if kept in cold water become crisp.

2002

Q.1) Name the following:

(i) Condition of a cell placed in hypotonic solution.

Q.2)Choose the correct answer to the following:

(You may either write the statement with the correct answer or may write the
corresponding letter of the alphabet).
(i) Marine fish when thrown under tap water bursts because of:
(a) Endosmosis (b) Exosmosis
(c) Diffusion (d) Plasmolysis.

Q.3) Find the odd term and write the category of the remaining terms.
(i) Xylem, Collenchyma, Cartilage, Parenchyma

Q.4) Define the following terms:

(i) Diffusion.

Q.5)The figure given is a diagrammatic representation of a part of the cross section of the root
inthe root hair zone. Study the same and then answer the questions that follow :

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(i) Name the parts indicated by guidelines ‘1’ to ‘5’.

(ii) Is the root hair cell unicellular or multicellular?
(iii) Draw a labelled diagram of the root hair cell as it would appear if some fertilizer is
added to the soil close to it.
(iv) Name the process responsible for the entry of water molecules from the soil into A1 and
into A2.
(v) What pressure is responsible for the movement of water in the direction indicated byarrows?
(vi) How is this pressure set up?

Q.6) What do the following abbreviations stand for:

(i) ATP.

2001

Q.1) Complete the following statements by filling in the blanks with the appropriate word from
the choices given in brackets. You must rewrite the complete statement.
(i) The kind of cells that constitute the cortex of a root are _________.
(collenchyma, parenchyma , sclerenchyma )

Q.2) Match the statements given in Column I with the appropriate term from the options given in
the box below. You must rewrite the statement given under Column I along with the choice
made by you from the option.
Red Cross, Malaria, Ribosomes, Adrenal, Exosmosis, Pleural membrane,
Carbon monoxide, Measles, World Health Organization, Mitochondria ,
Liver, Endosmosis, Meninges, Sulphur dioxide.

(i) Process by which water enters the root hair cell.

Q.3) Potato cubes 1 cm3 in size were placed in two containers, one containing water, the other
containing concentrated sugar solution. After about 24 hours when the cubes were
examined, those placed in water were found to be firm and had increased in size by a few
millimeters. Those placed in concentrated sugar solution were found to be soft and had
decreased in size. Use the above information to answer the questions that follow:-

(i) Account for the firmness and increase in size of the potato cubes which were placed in
water.
(ii) Account for the softness and decrease in size of the potato cubes which were placed in
the sugar solution.
(iii) Name and define the physical process being investigated in this experiment.

Q.4) Answer the following briefly:-

(i) Plants growing in fertilized soil are often found to wilt if the soil is not adequately
watered. Why?

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