openSAP Ce2 Week 2 All Slides

Week 2: Designing a Circular Economy
Unit 1: Packaging - What’s it ever done for us?

Packaging - What’s it ever done for us?
Packaging fulfils important functions
Protection Containment
Packaging
Handling Communication
Source: Wohner et al. (2019)

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Packaging is a driver of prosperity
Food protection Hygiene

Extend products shelf-live Comply with H&S regulation
Food loss
and waste
avoidance

Example: Food loss and waste avoidance
Bananas
Beef
Cheese
Source: Poore, J. & Nemecek, T. (2018). Reducing food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Science. OurWorkdInData.org/environmental-impacts of food – CC BY
Packaging is a driver of prosperity
Food protection Hygiene

Extend products shelf-live Comply with H&S regulation
Food loss
and waste
avoidance

Example: Hygiene

Plastics packaging are seen as particularly harmful to the environment
How many times do you need to use a bag to make it more environmentally friendly – i.e. with less
CO2e emissions - than a single-use plastic bag?
paper bag 3
non-woven
11
PP bag
cotton bag 131
number of reuses
Source: BBC (2019) based on Environment Agency
Plastics packaging have positive and negative aspects
Crude oil demand Lightweight
Low collection rates Cost advantage

Difficult to recycle
Relatively low footprint compared
Health concerns to other materials
Not decomposable Durable

Micro plastics
Versatile (can serve
Leakage into the ocean multiple functionalities)
Key question: How can the advantages of plastics be used, without

having the negative environmental effects?
Let`s profit from the positive aspects while eliminating the negative ones!
Air pollution from burning plastic packaging
Food protection Mismanaged plastic waste
Extend products shelf-live Hygiene
Comply with H&S regulation
Unnecessary and
problematic uses
Industry
reliant on
virgin fossil 90% linear system
feedstocks (for plastics)
and fossil
energy
Food loss
and waste
avoidance
4,8-12,4 mT/year plastics leaked (in 2015)

By 2025: 3 tonnes of plastic/10 tonnes of fish
Key take-aways of the session
Packaging fulfils important functions and can contribute to

social and ecological prosperity. Therefore, omitting
packaging is not always the most sustainable option.
To find optimized solutions, trade-offs have to be

evaluated and the entire life-cycle has to be taken into
account.
Let’s make packaging - which cannot be avoided because it

fulfils important functions - reusable or recyclable – and
invest massively in infrastructure!

Thank you.
Contact information:
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Week 2: Circular Design and Packaging
Unit 2: Packaging – Unintended Consequences
Packaging – unintended consequences
Content overview
We will cover the following topics:

▪ An overview of A Plastic Planet
▪ Key challenges in enabling designers to be circular
with their designs
▪ How to avoid chemical modification of nutrients
▪ Knowing the right usage of a composting system

Interview with Sian Sutherland from A Plastic Planet
Sian Sutherland is co-founder of A Plastic Planet, one of the

most recognized and respected organizations tackling the
plastic crisis.
Igniting social change, creating brands, campaigns, and
businesses with soul is Sian’s passion.
A multi-award winner, including Female Marketer of the Year,
CEW Achiever Award, Entrepreneur of the Year, and British
Inventor of the Year, Sian is a serial entrepreneur with a varied
background in advertising, skincare, Michelin Star restaurants,
film production, and brand creation design agencies.
In 2017, Sian co-founded A Plastic Planet, using a pro-
business, pro-solutions, and proactive approach to build a
different kind of organization, helping the world turn off the
plastic tap.
Early 2023, it launched PlasticFree, the first materials and
systems solutions platform, empowering the 160m global
creatives to design waste out at source.
Video

Key points
▪ How to design better and with circularity in mind

▪ Industries being the tool for change in how to design better
▪ Design audience being the custodian of new thinking in
circularity
▪ Global plastics treaty being a key source of circular design
▪ Having localized supply chains through the entire lifecycle

Thank you.
open@sap.com
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Unit 3: The Regulatory Context
The regulatory context
There is a system failure in plastics management worldwide
40% 11 million tons Only
of globally produced plastic waste

of plastics were leaked into the
oceans in 2016. 15%
of globally produced plastic waste
ends up in the environment. Plastic leakage into the oceans will
was recycled in 2016.
triple until 2040 (business as usual
scenario).
Source: OECD (2022), PEW/SYSTEMIQ (2020)

Global regulations increase to act against plastics and packaging pollution
National Plastic The United Nations Treaty on plastic pollution is under negotiation and will forge an international legally binding agreement by 2024 1
Pacts in place
1 UK
2 France EU aims to make all

packaging reusable
3 Chile or recyclable by
20302
4 Netherlands
10 out of 21 Asia-
5 South Africa Pacific economies
Plastic taxes are live in the
have active EPR
UK (Apr 2022); and will
6 Portugal schemes, and EPR
take effect in Spain in 2023
regulations are
emerging in 7 other
7 USA
economies 4
More than 100 state
8 Canada EPR laws are in place in
the US 3 UK/EU move to
9 Poland More than 1000 companies
full EPR and
worldwide have committed
material
to eliminate problematic
10 Malaysia modulation
single-use packaging by
2025 5
11 Kenya
EPR= Extended producer responsibility

1Source: UNEP; 2Source: European Commission; 3Source: Product Stewardship
Institute; 4Source: The World Bank; 5Source: Ellen MacArthur Foundation
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Mandatory EPR Voluntary EPR EPR planned or in implementation State level schemes
3
An important political instrument is extended producer responsibility
Government “Polluter-pays-principle”
ERP
regulation
pays EPR fee to
Producer/ Importer/ Producer Responsibility
Filler Organization (PRO)
sells
product contracts
with and pays
packaging
to
throws
away empty
packaging
Waste Management
Consumer Operator
Source: Plastics Policy Playbook, OECD

Eco-modulated fees incentivize use of more circular packaging
Basic idea: for system-compatible and recyclable packaging, the EPR fee should be cheaper
Example France:
For each CSU, the

basic contribution is
A differentiated €0.0738 adjusted
rate for 15 according to the
different number of packaging
…
families of units that make up
materials the CSU.
Source: Citeo (2020)

Recyclability is only one indicator for sustainable packaging
e.g. the WBCSD Sphere
Source: World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD)

Key takeaways of the session
Governments around the world are increasingly legislating against plastics and
packaging pollution.
Extended producer responsibility is the most commonly used policy instrument

to incentivize companies to reduce and redesign their packaging.
Recyclability is not the only sustainability indicator for packaging. More holistic
frameworks have already been developed to address sustainability trade-offs.

Thank you.
open@sap.com
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Unit 4: Thinking Systematically About Packaging
Thinking systematically about packaging
Content overview
Thinking systematically about packaging:

▪ Packaging as an important use case
▪ How plastic packs can drive systematic change
▪ Data as an integral part for packaging designers
to become more circular
▪ Design packaging for re-use systems

Interview with Claire Shrewsbury from WRAP
Claire Shrewsbury – Director Insights & Innovation,

WRAP
In her role, Claire is responsible for WRAP’s policy and

insights work, technical support for local authorities, and
grant management across the UK.
The teams support UK Department for Environment and

Rural Affairs in its implementation of the UK Resources
& Waste Strategy and similar support programs for the
devolved governments in Wales and Northern Ireland.
Claire joined WRAP in 2008 and was previously a
consultant with AEA Technology.

Video

Key points
▪ Plastics plant launch with four key targets:

– Eliminating unnecessary plastics
– Ensuring that plastic packaging that is put onto the
market is reusable and recyclable
– Effective recycling
– Recycled content
▪ Removal of polystyrene much slower than
anticipated due to certain commercial implications
▪ Capture increment is key alongside policy
mechanisms such as DRS that will drive up the
quality of recycling through source segregation
▪ Data as a key component in WRAP and for
packaging designers

Thank you.
open@sap.com
More resources can be found on Plastics Pacts

websites via Collaborative partnerships | WRAP.
Key resources | WRAP (UK Plastics Pact) –
includes a wide range of resources
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Unit 5: Customer Example – Circular Packaging
Customer example – circular packaging
Content overview
Customer example – circular packaging:

▪ Redefining packaging in a changing world and putting
sustainability at the center of packaging
▪ Circular design guidelines – How does DS Smith do it?
▪ Data collection processes and issues

Interview with Chris Else, Head of Packaging Design, DS Smith
Chris Else joined DS Smith at the beginning of 2021,

in the full lockdown period.
He has spent his entire career in the packaging

industry working in design, sales, and supply-chain
roles.
Always with a firm focus on the importance of design

and the required development of the design process
in the industry, Chris brings a lifetime of experience
and perspective to the role of head of design.

Video

Key points
▪ Help customers respond to changing shopping habits

with sustainable packaging solutions that meet
societal needs
▪ Practical guide to how packaging designers translate
circular economy principles into action
▪ Damaged products from poor packaging have an
economic and environmental impact

Thank you.
open@sap.com
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Week 2: Designing a Circular Economy

Unit 1: Packaging - What’s it ever done for us?

Source: Wohner et al. (2019)

Food protection Hygiene

© 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 3

Food protection Hygiene

© 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 5

© 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 6

cotton bag 131

Crude oil demand Lightweight

Low collection rates Cost advantage

Not decomposable Durable

Key question: How can the advantages of plastics be used, without

4,8-12,4 mT/year plastics leaked (in 2015)

Packaging fulfils important functions and can contribute to

To find optimized solutions, trade-offs have to be

Let’s make packaging - which cannot be avoided because it

© 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 10

© 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

We will cover the following topics:

© 2023 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 2

Sian Sutherland is co-founder of A Plastic Planet, one of the

© 2023 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 4

▪ How to design better and with circularity in mind

© 2023 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 5

© 2023 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

40% 11 million tons Only

of globally produced plastic waste

Source: OECD (2022), PEW/SYSTEMIQ (2020)

2 France EU aims to make all

EPR= Extended producer responsibility

Source: Plastics Policy Playbook, OECD

For each CSU, the

Source: Citeo (2020)

e.g. the WBCSD Sphere

Source: World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD)

Extended producer responsibility is the most commonly used policy instrument

© 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 7

© 2022 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Thinking systematically about packaging:

© 2023 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 2

Claire Shrewsbury – Director Insights & Innovation,

In her role, Claire is responsible for WRAP’s policy and

The teams support UK Department for Environment and

© 2023 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 3

© 2023 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 4

▪ Plastics plant launch with four key targets:

© 2023 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 5

More resources can be found on Plastics Pacts

© 2023 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

Customer example – circular packaging:

© 2023 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 2

Chris Else joined DS Smith at the beginning of 2021,

He has spent his entire career in the packaging

Always with a firm focus on the importance of design

© 2023 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 3

© 2023 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 4

▪ Help customers respond to changing shopping habits