EFFECTS OF SOCIAL AND SELF ESTEEM IN G10 STUDENTS OF MANGALDAN NHS

CHAPTER 1

Introduction to the Psychology of Self-Esteem

Self-esteem is related to personal beliefs about skills, abilities, and social relationships.

Self-esteem is also defined as a global barometer of self-evaluation involving cognitive appraisals about general self-worth and affective
experiences of the self that are linked to these global appraisals (Murphy, Stosny and Morrel, 2005). By the same token, Wang and Ollendick
(2001) stated that self-esteem involves an evaluation of oneself followed by an emotional reaction towards oneself. The evaluative and affective
elements are present in all extant definitions and theories of self-esteem.

Brown, Dutton, and Cook (2001) distinguished three ways in which the term “self-esteem” is used: (a) global or trait self-esteem to refer to the
way people characteristically feel about themselves, i.e., feelings of affection for oneself, (b) self-evaluation to refer to the way people evaluate
their various abilities and attributes, and (c) feelings of self-esteem to refer to momentary emotional states, e.g., a person might say her
self-esteem was sky-high after getting a big promotion, or a person might say his self-esteem plummeted after a divorce.

Perhaps the simplest definition of self-esteem is found in Webster's dictionary, which says that "self-esteem is satisfaction with oneself". In
another edition of the same dictionary, self-esteem means "one's good opinion of one's dignity or worth".

Hewitt (2002) sought to transform our view of self-esteem from a universal psychological trait and motivating force to a socially constructed
emotion grounded in mood. This point of view was based on Smith - Lovin's (1995) definition of self-esteem as a reflexive emotion that has
developed over time in social processes of invention, that individuals learn to experience and to talk about, that arises in predictable social
circumstances, and that is subject to social control.

For the purpose of the present chapter, self-esteem could be defined as the self-evaluation and descriptive conceptualization that individuals
make and maintain with regard to themselves.

Through the short history of psychology, few personality constructs have received greater theoretical and empirical attention than
self-esteem. In 2004, Heine and Lehman stated that over 18,000 studies investigating self-esteem have been published over the past 35
years (this is a rate of more than one publication per day!). Meanwhile, psychologists interest in self-esteem has grown exponentially
over the years. Research on self-esteem has had a long prolific history in psychology.

Self-esteem is a central construct in clinical, developmental, personality, and social psychology, and its role in psychological functioning
has been studied for nearly a century (Greenier, Kernis and Waschull, 1995). Self- esteem significance is often exaggerated to the extent
that low self-esteem is viewed as the cause of all evil and high self-esteem as the cause of all good (Manning, Bear and Minke, 2006). In
a similar vein, Hewitt (2002) stated that the conventional approach to self-esteem has spawned a research literature of such magnitude
and richness that it is impossible to summarize. Therefore, the aim of the present chapter was to highlight the main topics in the
self-esteem huge literature.

Everyone, must love himself or herself above or at least in equal measure to any other person or thing. This would explain the golden
rule found in most religions, to "love others as you love yourself'. The coincidence among different cultures and religions regarding this
essential bit of wisdom, to treat and love others, as you would have them treat and love you, is nevertheless surprising (Dolan, 2007, p.
50).
Note: Your participation in answering completely the questionnaire is extremely useful.

The Reseachers,
Alghie Jeshua Z. Mulato
Charise Ferrer
Renz Justin Soriano
Pauleen Achelle Cendana
Christopher Preztoza

I. STUDENT’S PROFILE

NAME: AGE:
SECTION: SEX:

QUESTIONS Yes No

1.When i gain friends/followers i feel an increase in my self-esteem.

2.When i lose friends/followers i feel a decrease in my self-esteem.

3.I use social media to connect with old friends and make new friends.
 QUESTIONS Yes No

4.I aspire to become famous via social networking sites.

5.It is important that i am well liked on social networking sites.

6.I worry about how many people will like/respond to the things i post.

7.I am willing to spend money to gain social network connection(friends,followers,likes,etc).

8.I feel somewhat envious of those who have more friends/followers than me.

9.I have many friends outside of social networking sites.

10.Who i am on social networking sites is different from who i am in real life.