01.

The following algorithm is designed to determine a grade for a course that consists of quizzes, homework, and a final exam:

Write well-structured pseudocode (mathlab code) to implement this algorithm.

02. Use zero- through third-order Taylor series expansions to predict f (3) for using a base
point at x = 1. Compute the true percent relative error εt for each approximation.

03. The following equation pertains to the concentration of a chemical in a completely mixed reactor:

If the initial concentration c0 = 4 and the inlow concentration cin = 10, compute the time required for c to be 93 percent of cin.

04. The concentration of pollutant bacteria c in a lake decreases according to

Determine the time required for the bacteria concentration to be reduced to 9 using the Newton-Raphson method with an initial
guess of t = 10 and a stopping criterion of 0.5%.

05. Figure 05 shows three reactors linked by pipes. As indicated, the rate of transfer of chemicals through each pipe is equal to a
low rate (Q, with units of cubic meters per second) multiplied by the concentration of the reactor from which the l ow originates
(c, with units of milligrams per cubic meter). If the system is at a steady state, the transfer into each reactor will balance the
transfer out. Develop mass balance equations for the reactors and solve the three simultaneous linear algebraic equations for their
concentrations.

Fig: 05
06. Use the golden-section search to determine the length of the shortest ladder that reaches from the ground over the fence to
touch the building’s wall (Fig. 06). Test it for the case where h = d = 4 m.

Fig: 06

07. A rod subject to an axial load (Fig. 07a) will be deformed, as shown in the stress-strain curve in Fig. 07b. The area under the
curve from zero stress out to the point of rupture is called the modulus of toughness of the material. It provides a measure of the
energy per unit volume required to cause the material to rupture. As such, it is representative of the material’s ability to withstand
an impact load. Use numerical integration to compute the modulus of toughness for the stress-strain curve seen in Fig. 07 b.

Fig: 07

08. If the velocity distribution of a fluid flowing through a pipe is known (Fig. 08), the flow rate Q (that is, the volume of water
passing through the pipe per unit time) can be computed by Q = ∫ 𝑣 𝑑𝐴, where v is the velocity and A is the pipe’s cross sectional
area. (To grasp the meaning of this relationship physically, recall the close connection between summation and integration.) For
a circular pipe, A = 𝜋𝑟 2 and dA = 2𝜋𝑟 𝑑𝑟. Therefore,

Fig: 08

where r is the radial distance measured outward from the center of the pipe. If the velocity distribution is given by

where r0 is the total radius (in this case, 3 cm), compute Q using the multiple-application trapezoidal rule. Discuss the results.

09. Assuming that drag is proportional to the square of velocity, we can model the velocity of a falling object like a parachutist
with the following differential equation:

where v is velocity (m/s), t = time (s), g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s2), cd = a second-order drag coefficient (kg/m),
and m = mass (kg). Solve for the velocity and distance fallen by a 90-kg object with a drag coefficient of 0.225 kg/m. If the initial
height is 1 km, determine when it hits the ground. Obtain your solution with (a) Euler’s method and (b) the fourth-order RK
method.

10. Solve the following problem with the fourth-order RK method: where y(0)=4 and y’(0) = 0. Solve from x = 0 to 5 with h =0.5.